Program/level: B.Ed(1.

5)
Course title: Human Development and Learning(8610)

Q:1 Discuss the factors which contribute to growth and development. How can a school
enhance physical and intellectual development of the students?

The following are a list of factors which influence human growth and development:

1- Heredity: Heredity and genes undoubtedly play an important role in transmission,

physical and social characteristics, parents, children. Various features of growth and
development, intelligence, genes, appearance, face, height, weight, hair and eye color,
very powerful, are influenced by genetic predisposition.
2- Sex: Sex is a very important factor which influences human growth and development.
There is lot of difference in growth and development between girls and boys. Physical
growth of girls in teens is faster than boys. Overall the body structure and growth of girls
are different from boys.
3- Socioeconomic: Socio-economic factors undoubtedly have a certain impact on the
economy. It is found that children at various socio-economic levels range from average
body size to all ages. At the highest level, families are always more difficult. Main
reasons, better nutrition, better conditions, as well as regular nutrition, sleep and exercise.
Family size also affects the growth of large families with limited access, sometimes
children get proper nutrition, and thus will affect the growth rate.
4- Nutritional: Growth is directly related to the area. The human body needs enough
calories for its normal growth and the demand for them will vary depending on the stage
of development. According to the study, nutrition is a serious problem in many
developing countries. They are most likely to have a lack of opportunities for weight
gain, less time spent, more than the national average, and height, an age known as carpal
bones. If the children are hungry and this slows down their growth.
5- Hormones: There is a very large number of endocrine glands that are inside the human
body. These glands secrete one or more hormones directly into the blood. These
hormones can increase or decrease the activity of the body or certain organs in the human
body. Hormones are considered substances that prevent growth. These hormones play an
important role in regulating developmental processes.
6- Pollution: Studies show that air pollution not only affects the respiratory system, but also
has a negative impact on growth and people.
7- Contamination of sites or contamination that can lead to poor health, which can
negatively affect human growth and development. For example, it can lead to the fact that
damaged lead-based paint of old residential blocks can be very harmful to health.
8- Race: Racial factors also affect a person's height, weight, skin color, facial features,
function, and physical constitution. For body, growth and development, show the
differences to connect with each of the different cultural groups. For example, a child
 who is black, irking will be in black, his height, hair color and eyes basic means that
controls the same race.

9- Familial Influence: Whether they are raised by their parents, grandparents or foster care,
they need basic love, care and courtesy to develop as healthy functional individuals. The
most positive growth is seen when families invest time, energy and love in the
development of the child through activities, such as reading to them, playing with them
and having deep meaningful conversations.

10- Geographical Influences:

Where you live can have a profound impact on how your children
will do so. The school they attend, the areas they live in, provide opportunities for the
community and their particular circles-these are some of the social factors that influence a
child's development. Life in the Enrichment Union offers parks, libraries, and community
centers for group activities and sports, all of which play a role in the development of a child's
skills, abilities, and behavior.

11- Learning and Reinforcement: Learning is more than just a school. It is also involved in
building the child, mentally, intellectually, emotionally and socially, so that it functions
as a healthy and functional person in society. It is here that the development of the psyche
and the child is able to reach a certain level of development. A school enhance physical
and intellectual development of the students.

A child growth is a continuous process as one walk’s before running. Physical development
refers to a child ability to move, co-ordinate and move their body. There are two main
categories of student development either it is physical development or intellectual
development.

1-Gross motor skills

2-Fair motor skills

How can a school enhance physical and intellectual development of the students:

1. Provide students to a play environment role that encourages time and space for energetic
play.
2. Invite students to help their class or group mare.
3. Morning exercise is very important to keep the students healthy and fresh.

Make a session for daily exercise. The ages of which children accomplish particular physical and
intellectual skills can very considerably. Most of the students will progress through the some
stages of development at their own rate. The timing of the development can depend on different
influencing factors such as:
 1- Eating habits: Eating habits show the physical and intellectual growth of the student.
Students show their eating behavior towards the school.
2- Emotional development: Emotional development of the student starts from school life.
Students learn from school and how to survive in such development.
3- Confidence: School builds a confidence in the physical and intellectual development of
the student.
4- Environment: It is the important factor of the physical and intellectual development of
the student. Environment influence on physical and intellectual growth as well as.
5- Family: The main important part of child’s life is his/her parents. So the parents play an
important role in the physical and intellectual development of the student.
6- Friends: The main important part of child’s life is his/her friends. So the friends play an
important role in the physical and intellectual development of the student.
7- Behavior: students behavior is important to show the attitude toward school and home.
8- Play ground: students spend time in playing games with others children.

Q:2 A teacher has a dynamic role in the overall development of a child. Discuss it with
special reference to socio-emotional and moral development.

A teacher has a most influencing and dynamic role in his/her student lives. Children who receive
more support and stimulation at school from teacher are more confident. Teachers have also a
critically reflective role, that is to say, for producing an open and equal environment, they must
engage in deep self-reflection about their position and the effects of their authority in the
classroom. Self-reflection enables teachers to make their classes student-centered by accepting
unsuccessful educational ideas and oppressive forms in their own educational practices. To help
students engage in critical consciousness, educators should empower students to reflect on their
own worlds, and to self-assess in fact.

The responsibility of educational leaders is to ensure that students learn, regardless of political
implications. Ultimately, the educational decisions made must be based on what is best for the
students in the school.

 Stability and change across elementary school and as well as secondary schools has
influence on the student academic success.
 The students who are more motivated have stronger relationship with their fellow friends.
 Children in classroom with more positive environment and with better environment have
higher quality relationships.
On an average student evidence decreases in quality of their:
1. Confidence
2. Way of talking
3. Behavior
4. Grades
5. Relationships
 6. Habits
All of this is because of weak teacher student relationship.

Social Development of Child and Teacher

 Manner or future social development.
 Social interaction should be encouraged in the context of school that could be done
through organizing debates, games, and other co-curricular activities Teachers and parents
should encourage their students and children to mix up with other cultural students and
children in order to learn the social ethics and values of their culture. That will have a
better ground for children to have social awareness, adjustment and will develop positive
attitude towards other cultures and communities.
 When dealing with students teachers should be unbiased towards any particular culture
and language. That will influence the students I positive.
 In order to develop social development students should be exposed to outdoor social
events. Like cultural and social exhibitions, study tours to some famous cities in order to
know the cultural pattern and life style of the different people
 Historical stories should be taught to the students in order to develop some basic social
qualities like sacrifice, loyalty, courage etc.
 There should be close cooperation between teachers and parents about the social
activities of a child. In this regard parents- teacher meetings can play effective role.
 From time t time important and famous personalities should be incited to school
assembly in order to motivate the students for social service and role.

Moral development of a child and teacher:

Teacher-student relationships that shape students 'spiritual development, as opposed to through

their influence on students' emotional and behavioral development. Much of the conversation of
spiritual development assumes that we are able to teach children to behave spiritually, instilling
in them virtues and standards, with, clearly, a sense of right and wrong. This assumption ignores
the fact that emotions are often, horse, horse, values, and virtues that b is trying to hold onto.
Harvard psychologist Jerome sees that programs to prevent domestic violence, to explain to the
students, destructive violence, often so that "he knows that violence is wrong, they can knock
down, to mislead and destructive impulses that feed off the violence."
People tend to lie, cheat or insult others because they are honesty and respect, moreover, they
probably suffer from the uncertainty in the sense of cynicism or self-centeredness, which blind
their other senses. Research shows that feelings of shame, anger, and cynicism, in particular,
erode health care, a sense of responsibility, and other important spiritual values. When a person's
spiritual beliefs come into conflict with their immoral actions, which many commit betrayal,
their beliefs, needs to pay for their actions, and not vice versa. They need to justify the theft, for
example, so that "society is depraved" or "all people, in fact, are not interested in it".
Q:3 Keeping in view the laws of learning and students’ individual differences, discuss the
importance of multi-dimensional activities a teacher should design.

Learning is a fundamental ingredient in the education of a child. Therefore, a teacher must

understand fully, how learning takes place in the best possible manner, in this connection, it is
imperative that the teacher should know what are called ‘laws of learning’ as given by Thorndike
and others. They must be accepted and fundamental laws of learning are:

i. Law of readiness
ii. Law of exercise
iii. Law of effect

You can bring your course with lots of relevant content and stunning visuals, but if they
haven't made a dent in the students ' minds, they've died in failing their goals. Time to
stop spending a lot of time working on courses for students who forgot the moment they
completed the course. You pour out a lot of love and sweat in the creation process. Your
courses will recognize habits and trends like what people are singing, because you will
get relevant, lasting and useful to the recipient.

The aim of this study was to examine, of course, the inter professional learning
experience of students with the aim of promoting a scientifically concluded
interdisciplinary approach to teaching and learning, science, technology and higher
education, through a faulty multidimensional approach. The multidimensional approach
in cognitive, emotional and social terms is considered as an analytical information for
studying students ' educational trips within the framework of multidisciplinary curricula
and courses.

In early childhood, it is an important stage of child development, and the teacher is an

integral part of it. The teacher needs to constantly review himself, understand others,
what is the interdependence, interactions that require for work, for communication. The
teacher has a right, it seems, to his own place and his own; the role of the teacher is not
only that of the lesson in the school that Alicia Fernandez mentioned. A teacher must,
before technology "look" at students, "listen" in any sense of the word, or, better yet, go
through everything. A teacher needs to teach students before teaching them.

An early childhood educator and specialist, or not, should be prepared to give the creative
learning process as a whole, and not just one person. Training should be focused,
interesting, planned and full of love. Team work is important, and participation should be
carried out among fellow faculty members as well as students, who will always strive for
the education and overall development of this new individual.

The following examples describe in simple terms the importance of respect and a child's
"I believe" that gives confidence and strength to overcome obstacles in life. It is difficult
for him to express himself, and he is full of aggression, started at school when he was two
years old, and no talking, just to implement sound isolation. Employees who were at
school, to participate in a work supervision permit, to assess and his "problem" was,
cognitive or emotional, we try to overcome the anxiety of speech blocking.

The team, consisting of teachers-psychologists, psychoanalysts, music teachers, dance

teachers, teachers, art, yoga, teachers, society, foreign language teachers, filmed for
themselves, motivate them to communicate, start creating positive emotional connections.
The goal was to give his speech, but to the detriment of his self-esteem, so there is no
harm, it would be to harm the development of his self-concept no. He is treated with a
reliable class and equality among all his friends.

His silence shouldn't have started to affect his second language well. He realizes that his
friends do not know how to speak this language, and there he became mute. This opening
made it serve causing it to expire. It feels very comfortable.

Training should be focused, interesting, planned and full of love. Team work is essential;
and participation should be between fellow teachers, as well as for students education and
the overall development of the new person. The following examples it is important to
respect the child and "I believe", which gives confidence and strength to overcome
obstacles in life everyone struggles to express themselves and is full of aggression, from
the very beginning in school, to get an education when he was two years old.