PRAYER
praise Him, to thank Him, to ask forgiveness and
Law- is okay for the priest to have no vestment?
But yes if we have understood the laws of the
church
Forms of Prayer
Christian Prayer- a loving, conscious, personal
relationship with God, our loving, good Father
who has adopted us through His beloved Son,
Jesus Christ in the Holy Spirit
Prayer- It is an “intimate conversation with God
whom we know loves us” (ST. Teresa of Avila).
The Holy Spirit brings us into the life of
communion and fellowship with the Father and
with His Son.
Authentic Christian prayer is Trinitarian-
through Christ we have access in one Spirit to
the Father (Eph 2:18). Prayer develops a
conscious awareness of our relationship with
God. This relationship depends fundamentally
on WHO GOD IS, and WHO WE ARE.
Basic Types of Prayer
1. Adoration- giving praise and glory to
God.
2. Thanksgiving- thanking God for the
blessings and goodness that we
received from Him.
3. Petition- we ask God for something
(blessings, guidance or protection, etc.)
4. Contrition- we ask forgiveness for the
sins we have committed.
5. Offering- we offer our thoughts, words
and deeds; we offer ourselves to God.
LEVELS OF CHRISTIAN PRAYER
1. Private, personal prayer
2. Public, communal liturgical prayer
Prayer- is the lifting of the mind and heart, to
to ask for favors. -St. Anselm
 It is telling God that we think He has
done a pretty good job.
 Thanking Him for our parents, brothers
and sisters.
 Thanking for the good things that
happen everyday (passing the quiz or
exam; winning the game)
 Telling God that we are sorry we
haven’t done as good a job as we could
have done.
 Asking Him for all the good things we
need to be a good person.
Prayer is not the speaking of many words or the
hypnotic spell of a recited formula. It is the
raising of the mind and heart to God in
constantly renewed acts of love. – Rahner
Prayer is when we open our hearts to God in an
act of love. This human love can be expressed in
many different ways.
Prayer of Need
We turn to God in times of need, when
things go wrong, when life seems all messed up.
We turn to God because He is our Father and
we love Him.
Human life is full of problems and fears. In this
prayer we tell God about all those worries and
needs and ask Him to help us.
Prayer of Forgiveness
 We tell God that we have failed, we
have hurt someone and we are very
sorry about it. – all love grows when we
say “I’m sorry”.
When we admit our sinfulness, we admit our
fundamental humanness and the need of God’s
forgiveness and the forgiveness of those we
love.
Prayer of Dedication (Act of love)
 It is an attempt to consecrate a part of
our life to someone as an act of love for
Him.
Husband and wife consecrate or dedicate their
lives to each other. Dedication is good because
it demands unselfish surrender, which is one of
the great acts of love.
Prayer of Decision (Prayer of Discernment)
 It is a prayer when we have to make
choices
Shall I do this or should I do that? How am I
going to handle this particular situation? In this
moment, we are not alone in our decision
making God is with us in live because we pray.
Think about this:
What we say about prayer is not really
important. What matters is what we say in
prayer.
We must find words for ourselves. They may be
shy words or weak words or frightened words.
They may come from joy or they may come
from pain and sorrow. They may be a resonant
as thunder among the hills or as soft as a
summer rain. The only important thing is that
they come from the heart – in love.
MISCONCEPTIONS ON LITURGY
MUSIC- We can have liturgy without music but
there is no music that can make a beautiful
liturgy
LAW- It is okay for the priest to have no
vestment? But yes if we have understood the
laws of the church
RUBRICS- The external rites of the priests do
around the altar in ceremonial worship.
Liturgy is not just the external
but there is a spiritual component in it for there
is the action of Christ. But to celebrate liturgy,
we should celebrate it externally.
VARIETY/NOVELTY/CREATIVITY- Creativity is
important. But how far are we creative.
Creativity is a sense of what is proper
and needed at this given moment for this group
of people. Creativity should be:
- Natural without being disrespectful
-Human without ever taking one’s eye
from God who is the center of worship
-Inspirational without discarding the
liturgical traditions
-Charismatic without letting the gifts of
the Holy Spirit lead to faction and dissent
WHAT IS LITURGY?
-“official public worship of the Church”
(CCC 1140)
-“an exercise of the priestly office of
Jesus Christ…” (Vat II, SC 7)
-“the summit towards which the activity
of the Church is directed and the fountain
which all her power flows” (SC 9-10, CCC 1074)
WHAT IS THE CENTER OF THE CHURCH’S
LITURGY?
The HOLY EUCHARIST is the center of
the Church’s Liturgy.
Commemorate the Paschal Mystery of our Lord
Jesus Christ.
ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF THE LITURGY
 TRINITARIAN AND PASCHAL
 Directed towards the father
  through His Son Jesus Christ
 In the Holy Spirit
 ECCLESIAL
 Gathered in an assembly
 an ecclesial activity
 celebrated by the WHOLE
Christ, the Head and members
 SACRAMENTAL
 Patter of symbolic, ritual
movements’
 gestures
 verbal formulas
 create a framework within the
corporate worship
 ETHICALLY ORIENTED
 Relates directly to moral life
 empowers the people of God to
full Christian discipleship
 ESCHATOLOGICAL
 Makes a present Christ’s saving
Paschal Mystery
In summary, Liturgy is
 The official public worship of the
Blessed Trinity
 by the whole Church through the
celebration of the Paschal Mystery of
Jesus Christ,
 in a sacramental, symbolic activity,
 with intrinsic moral and ethical links
 in a built-in eschatological orientation
toward perfect fulfillment in the future
The Faithful should be led to
 Full
 Conscious
 Active Participation
In liturgical celebrations which is demanded
by the very nature of the Liturgy.
GENERAL NORM OF THE SACRED LITURGY
 No other person, not even a priest, may
ADD, REMOVE, or CHANGE anything in
the liturgy on his own authority
What is Worship?
 “cultus” in Latin
 Homage paid to a person or
thing
 If addressed directly to God, it
is superior, absolute, supreme
worship or worship of
adoration or according to the
consecrated theological term, a
worship of latria
 The sovereign worship is due to
God alone; addressed to a
creature it would be idolatry.
 The veneration we give to
martyrs, angels and saints we
term it as dulia.
 The veneration we give to the
Blessed Mother is called
hyperdulia since she has a
separate and absolute pre-
eminent mark among the
saints.
WORSHIP IN THE OLD TESTAMENT
 Books of Psalms
 Guide for the expression of the
different moods and themes of
our worship
 It may be themes of
 Lament
 Confidence
 Petition
 Thanksgiving
 Jesus worshipped in the synagogue
every Sabbath.
  Early Christian Church is Jerusalem
(Acts 2)
“And they devoted themselves to the
apostles teaching and the fellowship,
the breaking of bread and the prayed….
And day by day, attending the temple
together and breaking bread in their
homes, they received food with glad
and generous hearts, praising God and
having favor with all the people….”
OBSTACLES
 Human laziness and weakness fortified
by secularist materialism of our age
 More personal obstacles of “growing
up” complaints of children and youth
“Why do I have to…?”
 Many routine, uninspiring liturgies,
lacking in spirit and heart
IMPORTANCE OF LITURGY AND WORSHIP
Just something to think about …
 Is Liturgy and worship important in my
life as a young believe?
 How is its importance manifested in my
life now?
Prayer
How do we pray?
 WE START WITH MEMORIZED PRAYER
 AS YOU MATURE YOU FIND YOUR OWN
WAY TO TALK TO GOD.
 APPROACH PRAYERS AS TALKING TO
GOD.
 BESIDES TALKING TO GOD WE NEED TO
LISTEN TO GOD
 PRAYER IS RAISING ONE’S MINDAND
HEARTTO GOD.
Forms of Prayer
 BLESSINGS AND ADORATION
 PETITION
 INTERCESSION
 THANKSGIING
 PRAISE
BLESSING
 A prayer asking that God care for a
particular person, place or activity
 We should respond with a gratitude and
joy!
BLESSING FORMAL PRAYER
 Bless us, Oh Lord, and these thy gifts
which we are about to receive from thy
bounty, through Christ, Our Lord.
Amen.
ADORATION
 The Prayerful
Acknowledgement that God is God and
creator of all that is!
ADORATION PRAYER
 The Glory Be Prayer
Glory Be to the Father (Gloria Patri)
 Glory be to the Father, and to the Son,
and to the Holy Spirit. As it was in the
beginning is now and ever shall be
world without end. Amen
PETITION
 A prayer form in which one asks God
for help or forgiveness.
PETITION PRAYERS
 For the people of this land, and all of
nations, that we may be guided in the
 ways of justice and peace; that we
would honor one another and serve the
common good, we pray to the Lord:
Lord Hear our Prayer
 For our Advent celebration, that it
would be a time of reflection on the
coming of Christ, and that it would be
filled with prayer, repentance and love
for God and neighbor, we pray to the
Lord: Lord hear Our Prayer
 For all the sick and suffering, the
homeless, the unemployed, those
suffering from addictions, and anyone
in any kind of distress, we pray to the
Lord: Lord hear Our Prayer
 For those whose lives are closely linked
with ours, that we may serve Christ in
them, and love one another as Christ
loves us, we pray to the Lord: Lord Hear
Our Prayer
INTERCESSION
 A prayer on behalf of another
person or group
INTERCESSION PRAYERS
 Father God, in whose love we live
and more
 We pray for a world crying out to
feel loved
 Wanted, cherished and unique.
Heavenly Father, source of all love
We pray for a world torn apart by
conflict and war. A world that lives
uneasily in a climate of fear with no
clear vision for future days
Heavenly Father, source of all hope
We pray for a world that thinks less
of others than of self. A world
where division between nations,
race, religion neighbor and family
leads to distrust
Heavenly Father, source of all
peace
THANKSGIVING
 A prayer of gratitude for the gift of life
and the gifts of life.
THANKSGIVING PRAYER
 O God, of Whose mercies there is no
number, and of Whose goodness the
treasure is infinite; we render thanks to
Your most gracious majesty for the gifts
You have bestowed upon us, evermore
beseeching You clemency, that as You
grant the petitions of them that ask
You, You will never forsake them, but
you will prepare for the reward to
come. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.
PRAISE
 A prayer of Acknowledgement that God
is God, giving glory to god not for what
he does, but simply because He is.
PRAYER OF PRAISE
 Blessed be God. Blessed His Holy Name.
Blessed be Jesus Christ, true God and
true Man. Blessed be the Name of
Jesus. Blessed be His most Sacred
Heart. Blessed be Jesus in the Most
Holy Sacrament of the Altar. Blessed be
the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete. Blessed
be the great Mother of God, Mary most
Holy. Blessed be Her Holy and
Immaculate Conception. Blessed be her
Glorious Assumption. Blessed be the
Name of Mary, Virgin and Motehr.
 Blessed be St. Joseph, her most chaste
spouse. Blessed be God in His Angels
and in His Saints.
EXPRESSIONS OF PRAYER
 VOCAL PRAYER
 MEDITATION PRAYER
 CONTEMPLATION PRAYER
VOCAL PRAYER
 Vocal prayer is the essential element of
the Christian life.
 Vocal prayer is an external expression
of words addressed to God. Verbal
prayer can be formal and informal.
 Formal prayer (Our Father, Hail Mary,
Creed)
 Informal Prayer where we pray simply
using our own words
MEDITATION PRAYER
 Meditation is a quiet band reflective
personal conversation with God. In this
form of prayer we engage our thought,
imagination, emotion and desire. Often
people meditate on Scripture texts and
spiritual writings, songs, icons and so
forth. Meditation requires
attentiveness.
CONTEMPLATIVE PRAYER
 Contemplative prayer is silent presence
with God, an awareness of God. In
contemplative prayer the person enters
into a silence and is attentive in the
presence of God. It is a prayer of being
with God. In the words of St. Teresa,
“Contemplative prayer in my opinion is
nothing else than a close sharing
between friends, it means taking time
frequently to be alone with Him who
we know loves us.”
 The ultimate goal is to empty one’s self
and be in God’s presence. This does not
involve listening to God. It is just be.
Answers are to be sought outside of
contemplative prayer.
Why is Music Important?
 It is a universal language (musical
notes, staff, etc)
 When you hear music, you will have
the same reaction regardless of
gender, age, knowledge in kmusic,
etc
 Even plants and animals are
affected by music
Sacred, Liturgical Secular Music
Sacred Music- to glorify and sanctify the faithful
Liturgical music- a type of sacred music that
specifically satisfies the needs of the liturgy
Secular Music- about the world, people but not
directly about God
SACRED MUSIC is important…
 It forms a necessary or integral part of
the solemn liturgy
 Ministerial function exercised by sacred
music in the service of the Lord
 The treasury of sacred music is to be
preserved and cultivated with great
care.
 Choirs must be developed especially in
Cathedral Churches. (SC 114)
 The Church recognizes Gregorian Chant
as being especially suited to the Roman
Liturgy
  Religious singing by the faithful is to be
fostered so that in devotions and sacred
exercises, the voices of the faithful may
be heard
 The pipe organ is to be held in high
esteem but other instruments may be
admitted for use in divine worship
Determining Liturgical Music
(#9 Musicam Sacram) No kind of sacred music is
prohibited from liturgical actions by the Church
as long as it corresponds to the spirit of the
liturgical celebration itself and the nature of its
individual parts, and does not hinder the active
participation of the people.
(#41, GIRM) All other things being equal,
Gregorian chant holds pride of place because it
is proper to the Roman Liturgy. Other types of
sacred music, in particular polyphony, are in no
way excluded; provided that they correspond to
the spirit of the liturgical action and that they
foster the participation of all the faithful.
Correspond to the Spirit of the Liturgical
Celebration
 Align with the season of the Church
o Advent, Christmas, Lent, Easter,
Ordinary
 Align with the Feasts, Solemnities,
Ceremonials
o Feasts of Saints, Immaculate
Conception, Devotion to the
Sacred Heart
 Align with the Theme
o Mass for bountiful harvest, etc
Correspond to the Nature of Its Individual Parts
(Liturgy)
 Entrance Hymn
o (#47, GIRM) purpose of this
chant is to open the
celebration, foster unity of
those who have been gathered,
introduce their thoughts to the
mystery of the liturgical season
of festivity and accompany the
procession of the priest and
ministers
o If the priest is already at his
chair (or the altar, if there is no
chair), the song must end
 Kyries (Lord have Mercy
o (#52, GIRM) a chant by which
the faithful acclaim the Lord
and implore his mercy
o We glorify first before we ask
for forgiveness
 Gloria
o (#53, GIRM) a very ancient and
venerable hymn in which the
Church, gathered together in
the Holy Spirit, glorifies and
entreats God the Father and
the Lamb
o Make the people feel that you
are excited to the Holy Trinity
o (#53, GIRM) sung or said on
Sundays outside the Season of
Advent and Lent on solemnities
and feasts, and at special
celebrations of a more solemn
character
 Responsorial Psalm
o (#G4, GIRM) an integral part of
the Liturgy of the Word and
holds great Liturgical and
pastoral importance because it
fosters meditation on the word
of God
 o It is preferred that response is
thru song while the verses thru
chant (or read)
 Alleluia
o (#62, GIRM) the assembly of the
faithful welcomes and greets
the Lord who is about to speak
to it in the Gospel and
professes its faith by means of
the chant
o “Alle Yawh,” which means
“Praise the Lord”
o Official structure is Alleluia –
Verse – Alleluia. If the songs
already has a verse, no need for
the lector to read the verse
o (#62, GIRM) sung in every
season except Lent… the verse
before the Gospel is sung, as
indicated in the Lectionary. It is
also permissible to sing another
psalm or tract, as found in the
Gradual
 Song for the Presentation of the Gifts
o “Offertorium,” song for the
Wine and Bread
o (#72, GIRM) continues until the
gifts have been place on the
altar… Singing may always
accompany the rite at the
offertory, even when there is
no procession with the gifts
o Take and Receive and
Paghahandog ng Sarili are not
appropriate because they are
not offering about the Lord.
 Sanctus
o Said three times (Holy) ->
superlative degree
o (#79b, GIRM)
o Joining with the heavenly
powers… this acclamation,
which is part of the Eucharistic
Prayer itself, is sung or said by
all the people with the priest
 Memorial Acclaim
o (#79e, GIRM) keeps the
memorial Christ, recalling
especially His blessed Passion,
glorious Resurrection and
Ascension into heaven
 Great Amen
o (#79h, GIRM) by which the
glorification of God is expressed
and which is confirmed and
concluded by the people’s
acclamation, Amen.
o The great confirmation
 Lord’s Prayer
o Should ne sung having a
masculine characteristics
(strong, powerful, protective,
etc) for the Lord wants us to
feel that our Father has such
characteristics
 Doxology to the Lord’s Prayer
o Same on the Lord’s prayer on
how it should be sing
o (#81, GIRM) The Priest says the
invitation to the prayer and all
the faithful say it with him; the
priest alone adds the embolism,
which the people conclude with
a doxology
 Agnus Dei (Lamb of God)
o (#83, GIRM) accompanies the
fraction and for this reason,
may be repeated as many times
as necessary until the rite has
reached its conclusion, the last
time ending with the words
 dona nobis pacem (grant us This participation:
peace)
o Has two sections (A and B). A  Should be above all internal, in the
sense that by it the faithful join their
can be repeated as necessary
mind to what they pronounce of hear,
while B is the ending
and cooperate with heavenly grace,
o This is a form of litany so it
 Must be, on the other hand, external
should be sung prayerfully since
also, that is, such as to show the
we are begging for mercy.
internal participation by gestures and
 Communion Song
bodily attitudes, by the acclamations,
o (#86, GIRM) purpose is to
responses and singing.
express the communicants’
union in spirit by means of the Try to make it unison form (from) entrance
unity of their voices, to show hymn up to agnus dei so that the people can’t
joy of heart and to highlight be confused on the voicings.
more clearly the
“communitarian” nature of the SACRED ART AND FURNISHINGS
precession to receive
 The arts are directed toward expressing
Communion. The singing is
I some way the infinite beauty of God in
continued for as long as the
works made by human hands.
Sacrament is being
 Holy Mother Church has trained artists
administered to the faithful.
and claimed the right to pass judgment
o Should be related to the
on the arts, deciding which of the works
readings, responsorial psalm,
of artists are in accordance with faith,
gospel or best if homily
piety and laws religiously handed down
o Sung prayerfully to help
and are to be considered suitable for
parishioners in praying after
sacred use. (SC 122)
receiving communion
 Recessional Song The Bishop needs to consult…
o Free to sing any song but at
least make it a sacred music  Liturgical commission on
o Theme should be thanking God - The Arts
and sending forth the people - Liturgical Music
- Sacred Liturgy
Does not Hinder the Active Participation of the + Schools or academy
People of Sacred Art be
establishes
(#15, Musica Sacram) The faithful fulfill their
liturgical role by making that full, conscious and
active participation which is demanded by the
nature of the liturgy itself and which is, by
reason of baptism, the right and duty of the
Christian people.
LESSON 2
LITURGICAL CALENDAR AND DIVINE OFFICE
What is the Liturgical Calendar
The annual cycle of the mysteries of
Christ, the Blessed Virgin, angels, and saints,
which the Church commemorates in the Mass,
the Divine Office, and other forms of public
worship. The liturgical year begins with the first
Sunday of Advent and closes with the thirty-
fourth week “through the year”.
LITURGICAL CALENDAR
LITURGICAL COLORS AND MEANING
PURPLE- symbolizes humility and penance
WHITE- symbolizes glory, innocence and purity
RED- fire of charity and love
GREEN- hope
COLORS OF THE SEASON IN THE CHURCH
PURPLE- Advent, Lent and Masses for the Dead
WHITE- Feasts of Our Lord Jesus, BVM and non
Martyres saints
RED- Pentecost, Feasts of Apostles and Martyrs
GREEN- Ordinary Tome (lasts for 34 weeks)
PINK- used during the 3rd Sunday of Advent,
(Gaudete Sunday) and 4th Sunday of Lent
(Laetare Sunday)
ADVENT SEASON
 “New Year” of the Church’s Liturgical
Calendar
 Came from the Latin word “adventus”
which means “coming”
 Greek word “Maranatha” which means
“Come Lord Jesus”
 It marks the beginning of spiritual
preparation by the faithful before
Christmas.
 It spans 4 Sundays and 4 weeks of
preparation.
 Circular Shape--- God has no beginning
and no end
 Evergreen Leaves- hope in eternal life
 4 candles--- 4 weeks of preparation
o 1st purple--- penance
o 2nd purple--- hope
o 3rd pink--- joy (gaudete in Latin)
o 4th purple--- consolation
CHRISTMAS SEASON
 Commemorates the joyous Birth of
Christ or the Mystery of Incarnation-
the Son of God who became Man and
lived among us.
SEASON OF LENT
 Begins with Ash Wednesday and ends
on Holy Thursday before the Evening
Mass of the Lord’s Supper.
  It is characterized by penance for our
sins, works or mercy and personal
preparation for the renewal of our
Baptismal promises on Easter Vigil.
Triumphant entry into Jerusalem which
ended in Calvary
Good Friday leads to Easter Sunday

ASHES ON OUR FOREHEADS EASTER SEASON

 Commemorates the Resurrection of

 The ashes came from the burnt palms
used and blessed during Palm Sunday. Jesus from the dead.
 It reminds us that we “came from dust ORDINARY TIME
and to dust we shall return”
 Ordinary time, meaning ordered or
FORMULA OF IMPOSITION OF ASHES numbered time, is celebrated in two
“You came from dust and to dust you shall segments: form the Monday following
the Baptism of Our Lord up to Ash
return.”
Wednesday; and from Pentecost
“Repent and believe in the Gospel.” Monday to the First Sunday of Advent.
This makes it the largest season of the
3 PILLARS OF LENTEN SEASON Liturgical Year.
 PRAYER  The Church counts 33 or 34 Sunday of
 FASTING/ABSTINENCE Ordinary Time, inviting her children to
 ALMSGIVING meditate upon the whole mystery of
Christ – his life, miracles and teachings
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FASTING AND – in the light of His Resurrection
ABSTINENCE
MOVABLE FEASTS
FASTING- skip one full meal a day. As in our
case, we usually eat 3 major meals namely:  Epiphany
breakfast, lunch, dinner. (18-59 years old)  Ash Wednesday
 1st Sunday of Lent
ABSTINENCE- to refrain from; abstain; in this  Passion/ Palm Sunday
case, we abstain from eating meat/pork or even  Easter Sunday
our favorite food in the spirit of sacrifice. (14 yrs  Ascension Sunday
old and above)  Pentecost Sunday
 Body and Blood of Christ
HIGH POINT OF THE LENTEN SEASON
 Sacred Heart
HOLY WEEK- is the highest point of Lenten  Christ the King
season. It opens with the procession with the  1st Sunday of Advent
blessed palms and the Gospel reading of the
SOLEMNITIES AND FEASTS DURING THE
Passion and Death of our Lord.
LITURGICAL CALENDAR

 January 1- Mother of God

 January 25- Conversion of St. Paul
  February 2- Presentation of the Lord LESSON 4
 March 19- St. Joseph Spouse of the
Blessed Virgin Mary SACRAMENTS AND SACRAMENTALS
 March 25- Annunciation (INSERT PICTURE)
 March 31- Visitation
 May 1- St. Joseph the Worker PRELIMINARY NOTES on SACRAMENTS
 June 24- St. John the Baptist
 PCP II
 June 29- Sts. Peter and Paul
o Sacraments as the center of
 August 6- Transfiguration
 August 15- Assumption Catholic life
 September 8- birthday of the Blesses o 2 new emphases:
Virgin Mary  Seven ritual Sacraments
 September 14- Exultation of the Cross are grounded directly in
 November 1- All Saints Day both Christ and the
 November 2- All Souls Day Church.
 November 9- Dedication of St. John  The Seven Sacraments
Lateran draws us closer to
 December 8- Immaculate Conception everyday life.

DIVINE OFFICE The key elements in a sacramental celebration:

 Certain prayers to be recited at fixed Sacramental celebrations are efficacious signs

hours of the day or night by priests,
religious, or clerics and in general, by all
those obliges by their vocation to fulfill
this duty. The Divine Office comprises
only the recitation of certain prayers in
the Breviary, and does not include the
Mass and other liturgical ceremonies.
Lauds- Morning Prayer
Vespers- Evening Prayer
Compline- Night Prayer
of grace, in which we encounter God our Father
as adopted sons/daughters, through Christ, in
His Church.
Thus CATHOLIC SACRAMENTS are…
 Sacraments of
o Christ in origin and peace
o the Church, that they are by
and for the Church
o Faith, as condition and ongoing
expression
o Salvation, as efficacious and
necessary means
o Eternal life as their ultimate
goal

The traditional three-part definition of the

Sacraments:

“a sensible sign, instituted by Christ, to give

grace”
1. A sensible sign. Sacraments
communicate through touch (anointing,
imposing hands, washing, embracing),
through gestures (standing, bowing,
kneeling, sitting), and through words
(proclaimed, listened to, spoken and
responded to). (CF 1522)
It is through these human means of
communication that the divine life and
love is communicated in the
sacraments.
2. Instituted by Christ. Did Jesus start
them all? Yes. But it does not mean that
Jesus taught his disciples in detail that
there were to be seven sacraments, and
how to administer them.
Rather, Jesus “instituted” the
sacraments by first being the sacrament
of the Father through His whole life of
word and action, and then by
establishing the Church to be His basic
sacrament. (CF 1525)
 Note. By being the Primordial
Sacrament of the Father, Jesus is much
more than simply the originator of the
Sacraments. He is once the SOURCE,
the PRIMARY AGENT, and the GOAL.
(CFC 1526)
 As SOURCE, Jesus is the one whom all
the sacraments are rooted and from
whom they derive their efficacy.
3. To give grace. The Church has always
taught the sacraments give grace ex
opera operato. This means that any lack
of holiness on the part of the minister
does not prevent grace from being
offered. For Christ himself acts through
His Spirit when the sacraments are
celebrated properly, i.e according to the
prescriptions and with the intention of
doing what the Church intends to do.
(CFC 1527)
 Note. But the sacraments can take
effect only if celebrated in FAITH,
for without faith no saving personal
relationship can be establishes or
strengthened. (CFC 1530)
Sacraments presuppose faith and by
their very celebration evoke greater
faith in the participants. (PCP II).
CATHECHISM OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH
“Sacraments are efficacious signs of grace,
originating in Christ and confided to His
Church, by which the divine life of grace is
instilled or deepened within us. (CCC 1114-31)
SUMMARY
 Hence, sacrament is “a saving
symbolic act or visible sign, arising
from the ministry of Christ and
continued in, by and for the Church,
which, when received in faith,
fashions us into likeness of Christ in
His Paschal Mystery, through the
power of the Holy Spirit.” (CFC
1531)
SACRAMENTALS AND POPULAR PIETY
Sacramentals…?
 They are objects, actions, practices,
places and the like, that help us
become aware of Christ’s grace-
filled presence around us or liberate
from the presence of the Evil One
(exorcism)
 They help us receive the
sacraments with greater fruit, and
“render only various occasions in
life”.
  Like Sacraments, they are sacred
sign/symbols which signify some
spiritual effect which is realized
through the action of the Church.
 But they differ from the seven
sacraments in that they are not
”instituted by Christ”, but by the
Church, which uses them to sanctify
everyday life.
 They continue the work of the
sacraments, and thus can be viewed
as “extending” or “prolonging” the
sacraments. (e.g. sprinkling of holy
water at the beginning of the mass
“extends” the sacrament of
Baptism; the Benediction of the
Blessed Sacrament “prolongs” the
sacrament of the Eucharist; the
blessing of place of our work is an
extension of the sacrament of
Confirmation.)
Some more examples”
1. Blessings (homes, cars, buildings)
2. Actions (kneeling, bowing, sign of the
cross)
3. Words (grace before and after meals,
novena prayers, pious invocations,
litanies)
4. Objects (ashes, palms, candles,
crucifixes, rosaries, scapulars, statues)
5. Places (churches, shrines)
6. Time (advent, lent, holy week)
Popular Piety…?
 It involves critical and fervent use of
popular religious practices. Its historical
moment is in the encounter between
the culture and evangelization, while its
two fold object is God’s glory and man’s
salvation.
Values in Popular Piety
1 .Popular piety manifests “an innate sense of
sacred and the transcendent”, “a genuine thirst
for God. And an acute sense of God’s deepest
attribute” - fatherhood, mercy, providence and
living presence (e.g. Sacred Heart, Immaculate
Heart, Divine Mercy)
2 .Popular Piety also manifests particular
sensitivity to the humanity of Jesus – His
infancy, passion and death. (e.g. Sto. Nino,
Nazareno)
3 .Authentic forms of popular piety exhibit how
the Gospel message harmoniously blends with a
particular culture. This “inter-penetration”
between faith and culture can be so deep that
“elements proper to Christian Faith become
integral elements of the cultural identity” of
particular people. (e.g Bicol – Our Lady of Pena
Francia; Cebu – the Sto. Nino; Quiapo – the
Nazareno)
4 .Popular Piety, practiced with fervor and a
moving purity of intentions, integrates the faith-
life of the believers.
5 .Popular piety preserves and deepens the
faith. Genuine popular piety serves as “antidote
to the sects” and a “guarantee to fidelity” to the
Gospel message, and a “providential means of
preserving the faith in situations where
Christians are deprived of pastoral care.” (e.g
Filipinos in abroad)
Deviations in Popular Piety
 The unbalanced interest between the
saints and the absolute Lordship and
mysteries of Jesus Christ
 The lack of direct biblical foundation
 The isolation from the Church’s
sacramental life
  The dichotomy between worship and *FORMULA
Christian ethics *MINISTER
 The utilitarian concept is some forms of *PURPOSE
popular devotion *EFFECTS
 The excessive and theatrical importance *OTHER DATA
given to signs, gesture and formulae
CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE SACRAMENTS
 The incorporation of elements that can
promote sects, superstition, magic, 1. SACRAMENT IF INITIATION
fatalism or oppression.
2. SACRAMENT OF HEALING
A Call for Renewal
3. SACRAMENT OF VOCATION AND
Thus, the MAGISTERIUM insists on the need to COMMITMENT
“evangelize” popular piety patiently, tolerantly
with great prejudice. SACRAMENT OF INITIATION

Popular Piety must be fostered in such a way 1. BAPTISM

that they do not distort authentic Christian
2. CONFIRMATION
faith, nor remain superficial forms of worship,
but rather truly express the faith. 3. HOLY EUCHARIST

SACRAMENT OF HEALING

SEVEN SACRAMENTS 1. ANNOINTING OF THE SICK

2. RECONCILIATION

SACRAMENT OF VOCATION AND HEALING

1. HOLY ORDERS

2. MATRIMONY

WE BELONG TO GOD’SFAMILY

SACRAMENT OF BAPTISM

Sacred Scripture Basis: Mt. 28:19

Origin of the word: Greek word “Baptizein”

which means to plunge or immerse.
More…about SACRAMENTS
SIGNS AND SYMBOLS:
*SACRAMENT
1. Water
*SACRED SCRIPTURAL BASIS
2. Chrism Oil
*SIGNS AND SYMBOLS
3. White garment
 4. Candle
FORMULA: “(N) I baptize you in the name of
the Father, and of the Son and of the Holy
Spirit.”
EFFECTS OF BAPTISM
 Becomes children of God
 Cleansed form original sin
 Incorporation in the Church
FOUR MAJOR PERIOS IN BAPTISM
1. Pre-catechumenate- cathechesis and
formation in the faith
2. Catechumenate- preparatory rites
3. Purification and enlightenment-
4. Deepening- post Baptismal cathechesis
Baptism of Desire
 Those being prepared for Baptism and
yet, for one reason or another, they die
before they are Baptizes are considered
“Baptized” by virtue of their desire.
Baptism of blood
 Those who suffer death for the sake of
the faith without receiving the
Sacrament of Baptism.
WE GROW IN THE HOLY SPIRIT
SCRIPTURAL BASIS: Acts 19:5-6
SIGNS AND SYMBOLS:
1. Chrism Oil- share more completely in
the mission of Jesus Christ
2. Laying of hands- symbolizes the gift of
the Spirit
FORMULA: “(N), be sealed with the gift of the
Holy Spirit”
MINISTER: Bishop
PURPOSE: Strengthened in Christian Life
THE RITE OF CONFIRMATION
The essential part of the Confirmation rite is
when the bishop or priest places his hand upon
the head of each individual.
The bishop traces the sign of the cross on the
person’s forehead – having first dipped his
thumb in the holy oil of called chrism-and says,
“Be sealed with the Gifts of the Holy Spirit.” The
newly confirmed person responds by saying,
“Amen.”
Chrism is one of the three kinds of holy oil
which a bishop blesses each year at his Mass on
Holy Thursday. The other two kinds of holy oil
are the oil of cathechumens (used of baptism)
and the oil of the sick (used of Anointing of the
Sick). The holy oils, all of them, are composed of
pure olive oil.
EFFECTS OF CONFIRMATION
 Roots us more firmly with God the
Father
 Unites us more firmly to Christ
 Increases the gifts of the Holy Spirit in
us
 Renders our bond with the Church
more perfect
 Gives us special strength of the Holy
Spirit to spread and defend the faith
The Sacrament of Confirmation: Grace for
Fullness of Faith and Life
There is a close relationship between the
sacraments of Baptism and Confirmation.
Confirmation is a distinct and complete PURPOSE: Nourished with spiritual food
sacrament in its own right, its purpose is to
perfect in us that which was begin in Baptism. EFFECTS: Union with Christ

Liberation from sin

We receive a special grace by which our faith is
deepened and strengthened, so that it will be Reconciliation
strong enough not only for our own needs but
for the needs of others with whom we shall try Builds up the Church
to share it.

Similarly, the confirmed Christian begins to see

(or ought to) his responsibility to Christ for his
neighbor. He becomes deeply concerned (or
ought to) with the welfare of Christ-in-the-
world- which is the Church- and the welfare of
Christ-in-His neighbor.
It is in this sense that Confirmation is a spiritual
“growing u”
ADDITIONAL DATA ON CONFIRMATION
Age of discretion
Choice of Godparents must be:
 At least 16 years old
 Good Living Catholics
 Capable and responsible to uphold
their duty
THE EUCHARIST NOURISHED US
SACRAMENT of the HOLY EUCHARIST
SCRIPTURAL BASIS: Jn. 6:51, 54 and 56
The Minister
The ministers of the Eucharist are the bishop
and the priest.
They celebrate the mass in Persona Christ,
which means “In the person of Christ.” The
bishops and the priests celebrate the Mass for
free, however, the faithful duty to give their
offering in order to support their daily
necessities and the needs of the Church.
The Matter
The matter of the Eucharist is the bread of
wheat and the wine from the grape, because
this was the matter used by Jesus during the
Last Supper. The Mass is invalid if we use any
other matter, like the break of corn or the wine
of coconut.

ORIGIN OF THE WORD: Greek word

“eucharistein” which means “thanksgiving”

SIGNS AND SYMBOLS: bread and wine

FORMULA: “This is my body, which will be given

up for you.”

MINISTER: Priest
  Official calendar of the church
 Divided into 5 major seasons of
celebrations
 Advent
 Christmas
 Ordinary Time
 Lent
 Easter

ADVENT

 preparation for the first coming of the

Messiah or Nativity of Christ
 purple symbolizes the coming of the
royal king, Jesus Christ and the
penitential code of Advent

CHRISTMAS

 time to celebrate the birth of our Lord

Jesus
 includes the solemnity of Mary,
Mother of God, the epiphany and the
feast of the Holy Family
 white and gold

ORDINARY TIME

 preparation for the coming of

celebration
 begins with Christ’s Baptism
 Green symbolizes “panahon ng
pagtubo” or season of growth

LENT

 Prepare for the commemoration of

Jesus’ passion, death and resurrection
 Begins with Ash Wednesday
 Purple symbolizes penitence
  Paschal Triduum- 3 day
commemoration of Jesus’ passion
 Maundy Thursday, Black Friday, Good
Saturday

EASTER

 Easter Vigil
 Celebrate the triumph of Christ over
death in His resurrection and our
sharing in His new life through baptism
 White and Gold
 Lights the Paschal Candle- symbolize
Christ as our light
 Ends with Pentecost Sunday- color red
are used by the Church to signify the
flame of the Holy Spirit.

SECOND PERIOD OF ORDINARY TIME

 Much longer
 Green
 Ends with liturgical year with a big
celebration- Solemnity of Christ the
Kings