Physics Grade 10 12

Republic of Zambia
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND EARLY EDCATION
PHYSICS SYLLABUS
GRADES 10 – 12
Prepared and Published by Curriculum Development Centre

P.O. Box 50092
LUSAKA
2013
© Curriculum Development Centre
All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying recording or otherwise, without the prior consent of the copyright owners.
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 ii

VISION
Quality, life-long education for all which is accessible, inclusive and relevant to individual, national and global needs and value systems.
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 iii

Table of Contents
PREFACE............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... ix
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... x
MATHEMATICAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................................................................................. xi
ASSESSMENT OF OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................................................................................................. xii
TIME ALLOCATION............................................................................................................................................................................................................ xiii
GRADE 10 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
10.1GENERAL PHYSICS .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
10.1.1 International System of Units (SI). ......................................................................................................................................................................... 2
10.1.2 Length and time ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
10.1.3 Mass and weight ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
10.2MECHANICS................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
10.2.1 Scalars and vectors. .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
10.2.2 Linear motion ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
10.2.3 Forces ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
10.2.4 Moment of forces.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
10.2.5 Work, Energy and Power...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
10.2.6 Simple machines ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
10.2.7 Pressure............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 iv

GRADE 11 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
11.3THERMAL PHYSICS ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17
11.3.2Measurement of temperature ................................................................................................................................................................................. 18
11.3.3 Expansion of solids, liquids and gases. ................................................................................................................................................................ 19
11.3.4 The Engine.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
11.3.5 Heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. ....................................................................................................................................... 23
. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
11.4 WAVE MOTION .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 27
11.4.2 Propagation of waves............................................................................................................................................................................................ 28
11.4.3Electromagnetic spectrum ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
11.5 SOUND ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
11.5.1 Properties of sound ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
11.6LIGHT ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32
11.6.1 Rectilinear propagation of light ............................................................................................................................................................................ 32
11.6.2 Refraction of light ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
11.7 MAGNETISM ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
11.7.1 Simple phenomenon of magnetism. .................................................................................................................................................................. 36
GRADE 12 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 v

12.8 STATIC ELECTRICITY ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 39
12.8.1 Static ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Electricity ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 39
12.9 CURRENT ELECTRICITY .................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
12.9.1 Electric charge, current, and potential difference. ............................................................................................................................................... 40
12.9.2 Electric cells ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
12.9.3 Electrical resistance. ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
12.9.4 Heating effect of an electric current. .................................................................................................................................................................. 43
12.9.5 Magnetic effects of electric currents..................................................................................................................................................................... 45
12.10 ELECTROMAGETIC INDUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 46
12.10.1 The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. ................................................................................................................................................ 46
12.10.2 The simple A.C. and D.C. generators. ................................................................................................................................................................ 47
12.10.3 Transformers....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
12.11 BASIC ELECTRONICS ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
12.11.1Thermionic emission and electrons ..................................................................................................................................................................... 50
12.11.3 Simple Electronic Systems. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 53
12.12. ATOMIC PHYSICS ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54
12.12.1 Nuclear atom..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
12.12.2 Radioactivity....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
PHYSICS PRACTICAL DATA ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 58
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 vi

SCOPE AND SEQUENCE ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 64
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 vii

PREFACE
The syllabus was produced as a result of the Curriculum review process carried out by the Ministry of Education, Science, Vocational
Training and Early Education under the auspices of the Curriculum Development Centre (CDC). The curriculum reform process started way
back in 1999 when the Ministry of Education commissioned five (5) curriculum studies which were conducted by the University of Zambia.
These studies were followed by a review of the lower and middle basic and primary teacher education curriculum. In 2005 the upper basic
education National survey was conducted and information from learners, parents, teachers, school managers, educational administrators,
tertiary institutions traditional leader’s civic leaders and various stakeholders in education was collected to help design a relevant curriculum.
The recommendations provided by various stakeholders during the Upper Basic Education National survey of 2005 and National symposium
on curriculum held in June 2009 guided the review process.
The review was necessitated by the need to provide an education system that would not only incorporate latest social, economic,
technological and political developments but also equip learners with vital knowledge, skills and values that are necessary to contribute to
the attainment of Vision 2030.
The syllabus has been reviewed in line with the Outcome Based Education principles which seek to link education to real life experiences
that give learners skills to access, criticize, analyse and practically apply knowledge that help them gain life skills. Its competences and
general outcomes are the expected outcomes to be attained by the learners through the acquisition of knowledge, skills, techniques and
values which are very important for the total development of the individual and the nation as a whole.
Effective implementation of Outcome Based Education requires that the following principles be observed: clarity of focus, Reflective
designing, setting high expectations for all learners and appropriate opportunities.
It is my sincere hope that this Outcome Based syllabus will greatly improve the quality of education provided at Grade 8 and 9 as defined
and recommended in various policy documents including Educating Our Future`1996 and the `Zambia Education Curriculum Framework
`2013.
Chishimba Nkosha
Permanent Secretary
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND EARLY EDUCATION
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The syllabus presented here is a result of broad-based consultation involving several stakeholders within and outside the education system.
Many individuals, institutions and organizations were consulted to gather their views on the existing syllabus and to accord them an
opportunity to make suggestions for the new syllabus. The Ministry of Education wishes to express heartfelt gratitude to all those who
participated for their valuable contributions, which resulted in the development of this syllabus.
The Curriculum Development Centre worked closely with other sister departments and institutions to create this document. We sincerely
thank the Directorate of Teacher Education and Specialized Services, the Directorate of Planning and Information, the Directorate of Human
Resource and Administration, the Directorate of Open and Distance Education ,the Examinations Council of Zambia, the University of
Zambia, schools and other institutions too numerous to mention, for their steadfast support.
We pay special tribute to co-operating partners especially JICA in collaboration with Hiroshima University and UNICEF for rendering
financial and technical support in the production of this syllabus.
C.N.M Sakala (Mrs.)

Director-Standard and Curriculum
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND EARLY EDUCATION
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 ix

INTRODUCTION
This syllabus has taken into consideration relevant aspects of the 1996 National Policy on Education entitled “Educating Our Future”, which
demands that the education system should aim at producing a learner capable of appreciating the relationship between scientific thought,
action and technology on the one hand, and sustenance of the quality of life on the other. Furthermore, it is part of the policy of the Ministry
of Education to improve the teaching and learning of Mathematics and Science in High School.
Another major aspect of this syllabus is that it has taken into consideration environmental issues with emphasis on application of Physics in
everyday life.
The syllabus takes into account the fact that the pupils who will follow it will be of different background. Some will study further Physics;
some will require the knowledge of this background Physics in pursuing other scientific studies, while some will join the world of work.
GENERAL AIMS OF THE SYLLABUS
The Syllabus aims at contributing to pupils’ general education by using the impact of well-known applications of physics concepts and
principles on society. This approach is intended to stimulate pupils’ curiosity and sense of enquiry which will in turn not only provide a
suitable basis for further study of the subject, but also provide pupils with sufficient knowledge and understanding to make them become
useful and confident citizens. The essence of such an enquiry is related to problem solving. This further aims at developing the skills
necessary to find solutions to scientific problems.
During this course pupils should acquire the following:
1. Knowledge and understanding of facts, ideas techniques and the applications of Physics.
2. Skill in applying their knowledge and understanding in problem solving.
3. Practical abilities associated with investigation of certain phenomena and principles in Physics.
4. Positive Scientific attitudes such as open mindedness and willingness to recognise alternative points of view.
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 x

GENERAL STRUCTURE OF THE SYLLABUS
The syllabus is divided into units. Every effort has been made to arrange the topics in a logical order but this is not intended to suggest a
teaching order. It is hoped teachers will develop a considerable flexibility in planning their presentations.
Each of the Units is described under the headings of “Content”, “specific outcomes” knowledge, skills and “values”. The column headed
“skill” is intended to guide with the type of practical skills to be acquired while value must show what action the learner will take after
learning the content and skill and is not to be regarded as exhaustive. The teacher can still extend it by relating the factual contents and
specific outcome(s) of the syllabus to social, economic and industrial life at both local and national levels.
In view of the increasing impact of electronics and computers, bipolar transistors and logic gates have been included in the syllabus. It is
envisaged that an experimental approach will be adopted and that pupils will spend adequate time on individual experimental work.
MATHEMATICAL REQUIREMENTS
The study of Physics through this syllabus strengthens the applications of mathematical skills. It is assumed the pupils will be computer in
the following mathematical techniques:-
1. Taking account of accuracy in numerical work and handling calculations so that significant figures are neither lost unnecessarily nor
carried beyond what is justified.
2. Making approximate evaluation of numerical expressions.
3. Formulating simple algebraic equations as mathematical models from physics situations and be able to solve them.
4. Changing the subject of a formula.
5. Expressing small changes or errors as percentages.
6. Calculating areas of various shapes.
7. Dealing with vectors in all simple forms.
8. Plotting results graphically after selecting appropriate variables and scales.
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 xi

9. Interpreting, analysing and translating graphical information.
NOTE: The list of mathematical abilities above is intended as a guide but is in no way limited nor exhaustive
ASSESSMENT OF OBJECTIVES
The syllabus will stress:
1. Knowledge and understanding in the following:
(a) Scientific phenomena, facts, concepts, theories and laws.

(b) Scientific terminology, use of symbols, quantities and units.
(c) Scientific apparatus and instruments and their safe operation.
(d) Scientific and technological applications with social, economic and environmental relevance.
2. Handling information and solving problems including to:
(a) locate, select, organise and present information from a variety of sources;
(b) translate information from one form to another;
(c) manipulate numerical data;
(d) identify patterns and draw inferences from information;
(e) give reasonable explanations for patterns and relationships;
(f) make predictions and hypotheses.
3. Experimental skills including those involving how to:
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 xii

(a) follow instructions;
(b) use techniques, apparatus and materials;
(c) observe, measure and record;
(d) plan investigations;
(e) interpret and evaluate observations and results;
(f) evaluate methods and suggest possible improvements.
Continuous assessment will be emphasised by using various methods of testing according to topics and themes at various
levels. The examinations council of Zambia will prepare detailed procedures on how continuous assessment will be
conducted by the teachers. The examination council will also develop examination syllabus to provide teachers with
guidelines on the objectives to be tested. The scheme of assessment will consists of school based assessment and final
examination that will be conducted by the examinations of council of Zambia.
School based assessment will be in the form of tests. Tests will be in the form of diagnostic, aptitude, achievement, oral,
practice attitude and performance, learners.
TIME ALLOCATION
A minimum of six periods of forty minutes each per week, preferably with one (1) double period taken in laboratory for
practical work.
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 xiii

GRADE 10
General Outcomes: Key competences
 Develop an understanding of Measurements  Demonstrate ability to measure length, time, mass, weight and
 Develop investigative skills volume
 Demonstrate an understanding of mechanics  Show skills and knowledge to calculate density, speed, velocity,
acceleration and force
 Demonstrate ability to use different sources of energy
 Demonstrate ability to use simple machines to do work
Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 1

CONTENT
TOPIC SUB TOPIC SPECIFIC OUTCOMES
KNOWLEDGE SKILLS VALUES
10.1.1.1 Distinguish between basic and  The difference between  Comparing  Asking
10.1GENERAL 10.1.1 International derived quantities basic and derived basic questions
PHYSICS System of Units quantities: Basic quantities and about
(SI). quantities; mass, derived physical
length, time etc quantities. quantities
Derived quantities:  Identifying
force, acceleration, basic and  Participating
velocity etc derived units in group
10.1.1.2 Identify basic units and derived  Basic and Derived of quantities actively
units units: Basic units:
metre(m),
kilogram(Kg),
10.1.1.3 Distinguish between basic and seconds(S) , Kelvin(K)
derived quantities  Derived unit:
Newton(N),metre per
square second(m/s2)
10.1.1.4Identify basic units and derived  Fundamental and  Comparing  Asking
units. derived units: Prefixes, basic questions
multiples and quantities and about
10.1.1.5Recognise prefixes, multiples submultiples of basic derived physical
and submultiples of fundamental and derived unit quantities. quantities
and derived units.  Scientific notation:  Identifying  Participating
10.1.1.6Use scientific notation and numbers written using basic and in group
powers of ten and derived units actively
significant figures in numerical
significant figures: of quantities  Applying
problems. important figures  Expressing numbers in
numbers in standard form
standard form

CONTENT
10.1.2.1 Demonstrate the use of  Use of measuring  Measuring
10.1.2 Length and various measuring instruments: such as lengths of  Participating
time instruments to rules, vernier calipers and different in group
determine length micrometer screw gauge objects actively
to measure the physical  Measuring an  Asking
quantity length interval of time questions for
10.1.2.2 Demonstrate the use of  Use of devices for using clocks more
clocks and devices for measuring time: Using  Communicating understanding
measuring an interval of clocks to measure time factors affecting  Applying the
time intervals and period of the period of use of clocks
pendulum pendulum and devices to
10.1.2.3 Identify factors that  A simple pendulum: determine the
affect the period of a Factors affecting the period of
simple pendulum period of pendulum such pendulum
as length and amplitude
10.1.3.1 Distinguish between  Differences between mass  Comparing  Asking
10.1.3 Mass and mass and weight and weight in terms of mass with questions for
weight units, measuring weight more
instrument and quantities  Measuring understanding
10.1.3.2 Demonstrate how to  Instruments for measuring mass and  Appreciating
measure mass and mass and weight: Using weight of the use of beam
weight Triple beam balances and objects and spring
spring balances to balances
measure mass and weight

CONTENT
10.1.3.3Demonstrate how to locate  Locating the center of  Investigating
the centre of mass of an mass of an object: Use of the centre of  Participating
object lamina to locate centre of mass of object in group
10.1.3.4 Describe qualitatively the mass of an object  Communicating actively in
effect of the position of  Stability of objects in terms conditions for locating the
the centre of mass on the of the position of the centre stability of centre of mass
stability of an object. of mass e.g. objects, e.g.
equilibrium(stable ,unstable base, position of
and neutral) centre of mass
10.1.4 Density 10.1.4.1 Determine the density of  Density of floating objects:  Calculating  Participating
floating objects e.g. cork the density of a in a group
10.1.4.2 Determine the density of a  Density of miscible liquids: floating object actively
mixture of liquids e.g. alcohol and water using
(þ=(m1+m2)/(v1+v2)) displacement  Asking
10.1.4.3 Describe what relative  What relative density is: method questions for
density is Relative density as ratio  Comparing the more
without units densities of understanding
10.1.4.4 Calculate relative density  Calculation of relative other objects
of air density: Use of formula;
Relative density of
substance
(relative density =density
of substance/density of
water )

CONTENT
10.2.1.1Describe what scalar  Scalar and Vector  Classifying  Participating
10.2MECHANICS 10.2.1 Scalars and vector quantities are quantities: Quantities; physical in a group
and Scalar -size and no quantities into actively
vectors. direction, vectors -size vectors and  Asking
and direction scalars questions for
10.2.1.2 Distinguish between  The difference between  Communicating more
scalars and vectors. scalar and vectors: Scalar differences understanding
(distance, mass , time, between scalars
speed, length, area, and vectors
volume, temperature,
density, work, energy,
power), Vectors ( weight,
force, acceleration,
displacement, velocity,
moment)
10.2.1.3 Demonstrate adding of  Resultant of vectors:  Determining  Appreciating
vectors to determine a Adding vectors using the magnitudes of the use of
resultant formula FR= F1 +F2 and resultant vector graphical
10.2.1.4 Demonstrate how to FR= F2-F1 method when
determine the resultant  Resultant of two vectors  Formulating the adding vectors
of two vectors graphically resultant of two
graphically. vectors by
graphical
methods

CONTENT
10.2.2.1 Describe the terms used in  Terms used : such as  Comparing  Participating
10.2.2 Linear mechanics. distance, displacement, distance with in a group
motion 10.2.2.2 Demonstrate the use of speed, velocity, displacement; actively
equations of uniformly acceleration speed with
velocity  Appreciating
accelerated motion to solve  Use of the following
the use of
problems equations of motion; equations of
v = u + at, motion to solve
s = (v + u)t/2, problems
s = ut + ½ at2
v2 = u2 + 2as
10.2.2.3 Interpret graphical  Graphical representation of  Classifying  Participating

representation of distance- motion in terms of ; rest, appropriate in a group
time, Displacement -time, constant speed and constant equation(s) of actively
speed-time, velocity-time acceleration motion to solve  Appreciating
particular the use of
and acceleration-time.
numerical equations of
problems motion to solve
 Plotting and problems
interpreting  Appreciating
graphs graphs

CONTENT
10.2.2.4 Investigate the  Consequences of over speeding  Predicting  Appreciating
consequences of over e.g. brake failure resulting into which object in speed limits ,
speeding car crush, loss of control motion would road humps,
be damaged the speed traps etc
10.2.2.5Describe the acceleration of  Acceleration of free fall for a
most e.g. a  Appreciating
free fall for a body near the body near the earth it is slow moving the use of
earth. constant(approximately 10m/s2) vehicle or a fast parachutes
moving vehicle from height
10.2.2.6 Describe qualitatively the  The falling motion of bodies in , if they hit an
motion of bodies falling in a uniform gravitational field: obstacle
a uniform gravitational falling terminal velocity  Calculating
field with and without air
acceleration
resistance
of a body due
gravity
 Communicating
the cause and
effect
relationship of
terminal
velocity

CONTENT
10.2.3.1 Explain what force is.  The definition of force:  Communicating  Participating
10.2.3 Forces
Force as “Pull” or “push” the effects of a in a group
10.2.3.2 Explain the effect of  Effects of forces :change force using a actively
forces on bodies. spring, trolley,
in shape, change in size,
Ticker Tape
change direction, change Timer etc.  Appreciating
of motion  Investigating the use of
 Resistance to change in the relationship safety belts on
10.2.3.3 Describe the inertia law
state of motion (Newton’s between mass vehicles
st
1 law) and acceleration,
e.g. higher
inertia is due to
larger mass
10.2.3.4 Demonstrate the  The relationship between  Describing the  Appreciating

relationship between force force and acceleration: A relationship Newton’s first
and acceleration constant force produces a between mass law of motion
and acceleration
constant acceleration  Giving a
10.2.3.5 Demonstrate the
 Organising the presentation of
relationship between mass  The relationship between
data of group work.
and acceleration. mass and acceleration:
Increase in mass results in investigation in  Knowing the
reduction in acceleration a table safety rules of
(mass is inversely an
proportional to investigation
acceleration for a constant
force)

CONTENT
10.2.3.6 Perform calculations on  How to calculate force:  Calculating  Appreciating
force. Using formula; force, mass and the use of the
Force = acceleration formula to find
mass ×acceleration  Communicatin force
 Hooke’s law (F α e) g the effects of  Applying the
10.2.3.7 Investigate the effect of
including graphs. friction restoration
force on a spring.
 Describing force in
10.2.3.8 Demonstrate the effects of  Effects of friction e.g. circular motion devices
friction on the motion of a heat, tear and wear Participating in
body. class discussion
10.2.3.9 Describe the motion in a  Centripetal force:

circular path due to a (F=m(v2/r)) and centrifugal
perpendicular force. force
10.2.4.1 Perform calculations based  Mass, weight and distance  Experimenting  Participating
10.2.4 Moment of on the principle of of a uniform object e.g. the principle of in a group
forces. moments. metre rule, metal bar, moments actively
plank etc based on the  Justifying why
10.2.4.2 Investigate the everyday principle handles of
application of moments.  Application of moments  Calculating certain objects
e.g. opening a door or mass ,weight are long. e.g. a
window, opening a bottle and spanner ,
with an opener, a see-saw, perpendicular wheelbarrow
on, tightening a nut with a distances etc
spanner etc

CONTENT
10.2.5.1 Explain the meaning of the  The definition of Work,  Communicating  Justifying
10.2.5 Work, terms work, energy and Energy and Power: work, energy importance of
Energy power. Work(force x distance in and power conserving
and direction of force)  Communicating sources of
Power. Energy(ability to do work) the SI units for energy
10.2.5.2 Identify the units of
Power(rate of doing work) work, energy  Cooperating
measurement for work,  The units of work, energy and power in group
energy and power and power : Work(joule), activities
Energy(joule)and Power
(watt)
10.2.5.3 Calculate work using the  The formulae of work:  Calculating  Appreciating
appropriate formula Work = (Force) x (distance work, energy the use of clean
moved in the line of action and power using energy
10.2.5.4 Identify the different appropriate (pollution free
of the force)
formulae energy)
forms of energy  Different forms of energy:  Comparing
e.g. mechanical (Kinetic different forms
and gravitational potential of energy  Cooperating
energy), Chemical, in group
electrical energy etc activities

CONTENT
10.2.5.5Explain qualitatively and  Potential and Kinetic Energy:  Communicating
quantitatively the terms Gravitational potential the knowledge  Participating
gravitational potential energy(energy due to position), on potential(EP) actively in
and kinetic energy. Kinetic energy(energy due to and kinetic(EK) groups
motion) energy
NB: Gravitational potential
energy(EP = mgh) and
kinetic energy
(EK = 1/2mv2 )
10.2.5.6Describe sources of  Renewable and non-renewable
renewable and non- energy: Renewable sources of  Communicating  Participating
renewable energy. energy: (solar, wind, hydroelectric renewable and actively in
, geothermal, bio-gas) non-renewable groups
Non-renewable energy resources
( chemical/fuel, nuclear energy )
 Being aware
10.2.5.7 Explain the effects of  Effects of use of energy sources on that some
the use of energy sources the environment: e.g. air pollution, energy sources
on the environment. water pollution, deforestation, land are non-
degradation etc renewable

CONTENT
10.2.5.8 Demonstrate energy  Transformation of energy: e.g.  Observing the  Asking
transformation from one chemical energy(Battery) to effects of energy questions for
form to another electric energy (wire)to light sources on the more
energy( bulb) environment understanding
10.2.5.9. Describe the conservation  Law of conservation of energy  Demonstrating  Applying the
of energy energy law of
transformations conservation of
10.2.5.10. Demonstrate the  Calculation of efficiency of  Describing the energy
calculation of efficiency energy: Using the formula law of  Justifying why
of energy conversion (Efficiency = energy output/ conservation of the difference
using the appropriate energy input x 100%) energy between energy
formula  Calculating input and
efficiency energy output
10.2.5.11.Demonstrate calculation  Calculation of power: Using the  Calculating
of power using the formula power using the
appropriate formula ( Power = work done/ time) formula
10.2.6.1Describe what a simple  The definition of a simple  Communicating  Cooperating in

10.2.6 Simple machine: Enables a large load to the knowledge group activities
machine is
machines 10.2.6.2Identify the different types be overcome by a small effort on simple  Listening to
of simple machines.  Types of simple machines: e.g. machines and other learners
Levers, pulleys, gears, inclined types with respect
planes, wheel and axle

CONTENT
10.2.6.3Describe the distances  The relationship between the  Relating the  Appreciating
moved by the effort and distance and effort &load in a distance moved the use of
the load in a simple simple machine: Distance moved by the effort to simple
machine by effort and distance moved by the distance machines in
the load in the same time moved by the doing work e.g.
10.2.6.4 Explain the terms of
 The definition of Mechanical load bottle opener
Mechanical advantage advantage (MA), Velocity Ratio
(MA), Velocity Ratio (VR) and Efficiency
(VR) and Efficiency.
10.2.6.5 Perform calculations  Mechanical advantage (MA =  Calculating  Applying the

involving simple machines Load/Effort) MA, VR and formula to
Velocity Ratio efficiency of a compare MA
(VR = distance moved by effort / simple machine
of different
distance moved by load)
Efficiency (; Efficiency = simple
(MA/VR) x 100%) machines

CONTENT
10.2.7.1 Explain what pressure is.  The definition of pressure:  Measuring  Cooperating in
10.2.7 Pressure Pressure(force/area) pressure using group activities
2
Units(pascals, N/m ,millibars) barometer , and
10.2.7.2 Describe how pressure  The relationship between force manometers  Listening to
relate to force and area and area in pressure and its  Calculating other learners
using appropriate formulae: Relating force and pressure in fluids with respect
examples and formula area as on when force increases
pressure increase and when area  Applying the
increase pressure reduce idea of pressure
(calculations using the formula in our daily life
P = F/A)
10.2.7.3 Identify factors affecting  Factors affecting pressure in  Communicating  Appreciating

pressure in liquids. liquids: Depth/height and factors affecting the use of
density of the liquid pressure in liquids simple
10.2.7.4 Describe the transmission  Applications of pressure  Describing the machines in
of pressure in hydraulic (Pascal’s Law): e.g. hydraulic transmission of doing work e.g.
systems. brakes, hydraulic press and jack pressure bottle opener
 Calculation of pressure in  Calculating
10.2.7.5 Calculate pressure in liquids: Using appropriate pressure using the  Appreciating
liquids. formula; formula p= ρgh the use the
“p = ρgh” to calculate pressure  Communicating formula to
in liquids the principle of calculate
10.2.7.6 Explain the mechanism  The mechanism of a mercury Archimedes pressure
of a mercury barometer. barometer: Use in determining principle
atmospheric pressure

CONTENT
10.2.7.7 Explain the mechanism  The mechanism of a manometer:  Communicating  Appreciating
of a manometer Use in determining gas pressure the principle of the use of a
Archimedes barometer and
principle manometer
10.2.7.8 Explain principles of  Principles of upthrust and
upthrust and floatation in fluids  Cooperating in
floatation. (Archimedes principle) group activities
10. 2.7.9 Describe how upthrust  Relationship of upthrust and

relate to floatation in floatation
fluids.

GRADE 11
 Demonstrate an understanding of thermal physics
 Demonstrate ability to show how pressure varies with volume
 Develop investigative skills
and temperature
 Demonstrate an understanding of wave motion  Show skills and knowledge on the construction of
 Demonstrate an understanding of sound thermometers
 Demonstrate an understanding of Light  Demonstrate ability to show heat transfer in solids ,liquids
 Demonstrate an understanding of magnetism ,and gases
 Demonstrate ability to show that sound requires a medium
for transmission

CONTENT
11.3.1Simple 11.3.1.1 Explain What the kinetic theory  The definition of  Predicting the  Cooperating
11.3THERMAL kinetic is kinetic theory: Matter cause of in group
PHYSICS theory of is made up of discrete continuous activities
Matter. individual particles random motion Being aware of
that are continuous in of the discrete the cohesive
random motion individual and adhesive
11.3.1.2 Describe qualitatively the  Structure of particles forces in
molecular model of matter. matter(solid ,liquid matter
,gases) and
intermolecular forces:
e.g. cohesive and
adhesive
11.3.1.3. Explain changes of state in terms  Change of state of  Interpreting  Cooperating
of the kinetic theory of matter matter in relation to the in group
kinetic theory intermolecular activities
11.3.1.4 Apply kinetic theory to explain  Use of kinetic theory forces i.e.  Being aware
as in Rate of diffusion, cohesive and of the
rates of diffusion, Brownian
Brownian motion, adhesive in a cohesive and
motion, evaporation and cooling evaporation and much simpler adhesive
effect of evaporation cooling effect of way forces in
evaporation in terms  Experimenting matter
of kinetic theory on Brownian
motion

CONTENT
11.3.1.5 Apply the kinetic theory to  Kinetic theory in  Collecting the  Asking
explain gas pressure gas data in an questions for
pressure(compressi experiment more
ng a gas in a  Formulating understanding
cylinder) conclusion of
experiment
11.3.2.1Explain what temperature is  Temperature: as  Communicating  Asking
11.3.2Measurement of average kinetic information on questions for
temperature energy of the temperature more
particles of a  Experimenting understanding
substance the thermal  Cooperating
11.3.2.2 Describe physical properties of  Physical properties: expansion of in groups
substances which change with such as density, matter(liquid, activities
temperature. electrical resistance solid, gases)
etc.  Appreciating
11.3.2.3 Measure the temperature with  Measurement of the use of
thermometers temperature and thermometers
Calibration of in
thermometers determining
11.3.2.4Describe suitability of alcohol  Suitability in terms temperature
and mercury for use in liquid- of colour,  Justifying the
in-glass thermometers. expansion, use of a
conductivity. specific
thermometer

CONTENT
11.3.2.5Describe the relationship  Relationship between  Measuring  Appreciating
between the Celsius and Kelvin Celsius and Kelvin temperature and the use of
scales. scale demonstrating thermocouples
(K = t + 273) the calibration
11.3.2.6Describe the structure and use  Structure of thermal of thermometers
of a thermocouple thermometer couple: consisting  Communicating
different metals, two the suitability of
junctions, sensitive the use of a
galvanometer thermometer
11.3.2.7Demonstrate the measurement  Appropriate use of  Comparing
of temperature using an thermometers: Liquid Celsius and
appropriate thermometer in glass thermometers Kelvin scale
and thermocouple  Observing the
structure of a
thermocouple
11.3.3.1Describe qualitatively the  The thermal  Experimenting  Appreciating
11.3.3 Expansion of the thermal the
thermal expansion of solids, expansion of matter:
solids, liquids liquids and gases. expansion of knowledge
in terms of linear, area
and gases. solids, liquids about
and volume expansion
and gases expansion of
solids, liquids
and gases.
 Cooperating
in group
activities

CONTENT
11.3.3.2 Explain the effects of  Effects of Anomalous  Communicating  Appreciating
expansion of water on expansion of water the effects of the knowledge
aquatic life. expansion on of about
11.3.3.3Demonstrate that solids,  Different rates of water on aquatic expansion of
expansions of matter life during solids, liquids
liquids and gases expand
extreme cold and gases.
at different rates. seasons.
 Comparing the
rates of
expansion of
matter
11.3.3.4Demonstrate how to  Boiling and melting  Experimenting  Cooperating
determine the boiling and points of substances the boiling and in group
melting point of different graphical representation melting points of activities
substances. and interpretation
matters  Asking
 Collecting the questions for
11.3.3.5Explain effects of pressure  Effects of pressure on data on more
on the melting and boiling melting and boiling point temperature and understanding
points. of substances: such as time interval
. increase in pressure
lowers the melting point)
Boiling point(increased
pressure increases the
boiling point)

CONTENT
11.3.5.6Investigate effects of impurities  Effects of impurities  Investigating  Asking
on the melting and boiling Points on the melting and the effect of questions for
of substances boiling points of impurities on more
substances: such as melting and understanding
Impurities lower the boiling points  Being aware
melting point and  Organising of the effects
increase the boiling and analysing of pressure on
point of a substance the data on boiling and
11.3.3.7 Demonstrate the effect of  Boyles law: use of graphs melting
varying pressure on volume of a equation points
gas PV=a constant at
constant pressure
11.3.3.8 Describe the relationship  Charles law: as  Organising  Participating

between temperature and volume temperature against data in the in groups
of a gas volume of a gas tables to verify discussion
V1/T1 = V2/T2 the gas laws  Asking more
 Kelvin Scale; volume- questions for
11.3.3.9 Explain the Kelvin scale from
temperature change more
the relationship between (constant pressure ) understanding
temperature and volume. Graphical  Applying the
extrapolation use of graphs
to relate
variables

CONTENT
11.3.3.10Demonstrate the use of the  The ideal gas  Calculating the  Appreciating
ideal gas equation to solve equation numerical the use the
simple numerical problems. (P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2) problems based on equation
and numerical gas laws
PV/T=constant
problems
11.3.4.1 Explain what an internal  The internal  Communicating  Appreciating

11.3.4 The Engine combustion engine is. Combustion Engine; the operation of the use of
The ignition of the an internal machines
mixture of liquid fuel combustion  Asking
and air, inside the engine. questions for
cylinder ( Petrol and  Communicating more
diesel engine) different parts and understanding
11.3.4.2 Identify the different parts of  Parts of internal different strokes  Participating
an internal combustion combustion engine: of an internal actively in
engine. such as valves, combustion group
piston, spark plug, Engine. activities
11.3.4.3 Describe the operation of the cylinder
spark plug.  The operation of
Spark plug (produces
a spark).

CONTENT
11.3.4.4 Describe the different strokes  Intake, compression,  Comparing the  Appreciating
in a four stroke internal power and exhaust. most efficient the use of
combustion engine and yet machines
11.3.4.5 Describe efficiency of a diesel  Efficiency of economical  Participating
and petrol engine Diesel engines and engine to use actively in
petrol engines group
activities
11.3.5.1 Explain methods of heat  Heat transfer  Verifying the  Participating in
11.3.5 Heat transfer transfer. methods group activities
methods of heat
by :Conduction, during
conduction, transfer by
convection and experiments.
convection experimenting
radiation  Being aware of
and radiation.  Relationship  Identifying the the different
11.3.5.2 Use kinetic theory to explain between kinetic relationship methods of heat
heat transfer. theory and heat between kinetic transfer
transfer theory to heat
11.3.5.3 Demonstrate heat conduction  Heat conduction in transfer
in different substances. different substances
11.3.5.4 Demonstrate the uses of bad  Uses of conductors
and good conductors of heat. Good conductors;
pans, kettle, pots etc.
Bad conductors;
plastic handles,
wooden handles etc.

CONTENT
11.3.5.5Demonstrate convection  Heat transfer in fluids  Communicating  Participating in
in liquids and gases. through Convection uses of bad and group activities
current good conductors in during
11.3.5.6 Demonstrate the  Differences between everyday life experiments.
good and bad absorbers  Observing heat  Being aware of
differences between bad
of heat: e.g. transfer in fluids the different
and good absorbers of methods of heat
radiant energy shiny(white or silver)
transfer
and dull(black surfaces
11.3.5.7 Demonstrate the  Differences between  Experimenting  Cooperating in

differences between good good and bad emitters good and bad group activities
and bad heat emitters. of heat such as absorbers of  Asking
shinning (white or questions for
radiant heat
silver) and dull (black more
11.3.5.8 Explain every day’s
surfaces  Inferring good understanding
applications of  Application of
knowledge on and bad emitters of  Appreciating
knowledge on the the knowledge
conduction, convection processes of heat heat.
about good and
and radiation. transfer: e.g. thermos bad emitters
 Investigating the
flask, electric kettle  Appreciating
,land and sea breeze, daily applications
the knowledge
greenhouse effect of the methods of about heat
heat transfer transfer and its
application

CONTENT
11.3.6 Measurements of 11.3.6.1Demonstrate the difference  Difference between  Comparing  Participating in
heat. between temperature and temperature(level of between group activities
heat energy. hotness) and temperature and  Being aware of
Heat energy(energy heat transfer the difference
11.3.6.2Describe the terms of heat transferred  Communicating between heat
capacity and specific heat  Terms of heat capacity heat capacity capacity and
capacity. and specific heat and specific heat specific heat
capacity: such as Heat capacity capacity
capacity(heat to raise
temperature by 1K )
Specific heat capacity
(quantity of heat
which raises the
temperature of unit
mass by 1K.)
11.3.6.3Identify the SI units of  SI Units of specific  Communicating  Cooperating in
specific heat capacity. heat capacity: Joules the SI units for group activities
per kilogram specific heat
Kelvin(J/kg K) capacity  Appreciating
11.3.6.4Demonstrate how to  Measurement of  Measuring the knowledge
measure specific heat Specific heat capacity specific heat about heat
capacity of solids and of solids and liquids capacity of capacity
liquids. through Electrical solids and
method and methods liquids
of mixture

CONTENT
11.3.6.5Describe the terms latent  Scientific Terms:  Communicating  Being aware of
. heat, specific latent heat of Latent heat; specific specific latent latent heat
fusion and of vaporisation. latent heat of fusion heat
(melting) and  Appreciating
specific latent heat  Calculating the formula used
of vaporization numerical to calculate
11.3.6.6Demonstrate the solving of  Numerical problem problems on heat latent heat
numerical problems on heat on latent heat measurement
measurement
11.4.1 Simple ideas 11.4.1.1 Demonstrate wave motion.  Wave motion: e.g.  Designing  Asking
11.4 WAVE MOTION vibrations in ropes, experiments to questions for
of the wave
motion 11.4.1.2 Distinguish between Springs demonstrate wave more
theory. longitudinal and transverse  Different types of motion by using understanding
waves: ropes, strings  Cooperating in
waves.
Transverse(water group activities
and light waves) and 
Longitudinal(sound
waves)in terms of
direction of
oscillation

CONTENT
11.4.1.3Describe the terms associated Scientific terms:  Communicating  Being aware of
. Amplitude (A), terms associated the terms
with waves
period(T),frequency (f), with waves associated with
wavelength () and wave motion
wave front
11.4.1.4 Apply the wave equation in  The wave equation:  Calculating  Appreciating
solving wave motion Displacement-time numerical the use of the
problems and displacement – problems using formula to
distance graphs of a the formula calculate the
wave. (Use the “v = f” speed of a wave
equation v = f.)
 Participating in
group activities
11.4.1.5 Explain the use of waves in  Use of waves in our  Communicating
everyday life. daily life: radio, knowledge on
television, ultrasonic the daily
etc. application of
waves

CONTENT
11.4.2.1 Explain what  Scientific terms:  Experimenting  Asking
11.4.2 Propagation of propagation, reflection, Propagation- the reflection, questions for
waves refraction and transmission, refraction and more
diffraction of waves are reflection- and propagation of understanding
refraction of waves. waves using
Diffraction of waves appropriate  Cooperating in
using wide, narrow apparatus. group activities
gaps, sharp edges.  Analysing the
11.4.2.2 Demonstrate  Two types of wave patterns  Participating in
constructive and Interference of waves: produced by class discussion
destructive interference such as Constructive using barriers actively
of waves and destructive having different
slit sizes
11.4.3.1Describe main  Main components of  Communicating  Being aware of
11.4.3Electromagnetic components of electromagnetic all components the
spectrum electromagnetic spectrum: such as of components of
spectrum. Gamma, X-rays, ultra electromagnetic electromagneti
violet, visible light, spectrum c waves
infrared, microwaves 
and radio waves

CONTENT
11.4.3.2Describe the properties of  Properties of  Communicating  Being aware of
. electromagnetic properties of the components
electromagnetic waves
waves: e.g. transverse electromagnetic of
in nature, same speed spectrum electromagnetic
in vacuum waves and their
(approximately, c = properties.
3.0 x 108m/s) etc.
11.4.3.3Identify the sources of each  Sources of  Analysing the  Appreciating
of the rays in the Components of sources of each the knowledge
electromagnetic spectrum. electromagnetic of the about the
spectrum: e.g. sun electromagnetic existence of
radioactive materials, rays waves electromagnetic
oscillating electrical radiation.
circuit etc.  Communicating  Cooperating in
11.4.3.4 Describe the method of  The method for knowledge on group activities
detection of each of the detecting how to detect  Participating in
main components of the electromagnetic the rays groups actively
electromagnetic spectrum. radiation

CONTENT
11.4.3.5 Explain the use of each  Uses of electromagnetic  Communicating  Appreciating
of the waves in the waves the uses of the knowledge
electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic about the
spectrum. waves existence of
 Investigating the electromagnetic
11.4.3.6 Explain the harmful
 Harmful effects of harmful effects radiation.
effects of ultra violet electromagnetic waves radiation  Cooperating in
radiation, gamma rays e.g. skin cancer etc. group activities
and x-rays to life.  Participating
in groups
actively
11.5.1.1Explain how sound is  Production of sound  Experimenting  Cooperating in
11.5 SOUND 11.5.1 Properties of using vibrating objects on sound group activities
produced.
sound 11.5.1.2 Describe what  Sound wave essentials: production
rarefactions and rarefactions(“stretches”)  Participating
and compressions  Communicating in groups
compressions are.
(“Squashes”) knowledge about actively
11.5.1.3 Describe the  Range of audible sound wave motion
approximate range of frequencies (20Hz to  Designing  Asking
audible frequencies. 20000Hz) experiment that questions for
11.5.1.4Investigate that sounds  Effects of sound waves sound requires a more
requires a medium for traveling through air and medium for its understanding
transmission. a vacuum propagation
through
experimentation

CONTENT
11.5.1.5 Determine the speed of  Speed of sound in  Communicating  Being aware of
sound in air. air(approximately knowledge the fact that
11.5.1.6 Describe the relative speed 330m/s) about the speeds sound travels at
of sound in solid, liquid and  Respective speeds of of sound in different speeds
sound in solids, liquids different in different
gas.
and gases medium. media
11.5.1.7 Demonstrate the  Giving
 The characteristics of
characteristics of sound sound waves: presentation
waves. Loudness of sound and  Listening to
its amplitude others with
Pitch of sound and its respect
frequency
11.5.1.8 Describe the factors which  Factors which  Appreciating
influence the quality of influence the quality  Identifying uses of
sound of sound: such as factors that ultrasonic
overtones or wave influence the  Listening to
form of a note quality of sound others with
11.5.1.9 Describe what ultrasonic is
 Ultrasonic: as respect
fundamental frequency  Communicating
of Sounds above the uses of
human hearing range ultrasonic
11.5.1.10 Describe the uses of  Uses of ultrasonic:
ultrasonic. cleaning, quality
control, pre-natal
scanning etc.

CONTENT
11.5.1.11State how to minimise  Measures to minimize  Investigating  Being aware of
sound pollution sound pollution: such measures to the fact that
as sound proof minimize sound sound can
structures pollution pollute the
environment
11.6.1.1Describe the rectilinear  The nature of light:  Experimenting  Appreciating
11.6LIGHT 11.6.1 Rectilinear Straight line the nature of the existence of
propagation of light.
propagation propagation of light light (light light
of light  Formation of travels in a
11.6.1.2Investigate the formation of
shadows(umbra, straight line)  Cooperating in
shadows and eclipse.
penumbra) and  Predicting the group activities
eclipses(earth in formation of  Asking
umbra and penumbra) shadows and questions for
11.6.1.3Describe reflection of light.  Reflection of light on eclipse more
smooth and rough understanding
surfaces: as being  Experimenting  Giving
regular and diffuse the laws of presentation
11.6.1.4 Investigate the laws of  Laws of reflection: as reflection  Listening to
angle of incidence = others with
reflection of light
angle of reflection and respect
incident ray, reflected
ray and the normal all
lie in the same plane.

CONTENT
11.6.1.5 Demonstrate the formation  Image in a plane  Investigating  Appreciating
of images by plane mirrors. mirror (virtual, the image formed
laterally inverted characteristics of by plane mirror
,position, position and an image formed
size) by plane mirrors
11.6.1.6 Identify the position of an  The position of an using ray
image using plane mirrors. image: through diagrams
Construction of ray
diagrams
11.6.2.1 Describe what refraction of  Refraction of light: as  Experimenting  Asking
11.6.2 Refraction light is Bending of light rays the refraction of questions for
of light after passing through light more
different media understanding
 Incident ray, refracted  Collecting data
11.6.2.2 Explain the terms of
ray ,normal ray and on the laws of  Cooperating in
refraction of light emergent ray) refraction group activities
11.6.2.3 Verify the laws of refraction  Laws of refraction: as  Calculating the
of light. The ratio sin I/sin r is refractive index  Participating
a constant value(snells in group
law) activities
The incident ray ,the actively
normal, and the  Applying the
refracted ray all lie in knowledge of
the same plane refraction in
11.6.2.4 Describe what refractive  Refractive index: as daily life
index is. Measure of bending of
light

CONTENT
11.6.2.5Investigate the refractive  Refractive index of  Comparing the  Asking
index of a glass block. glass refractive index questions for
11.6.2.6Calculate refractive index of  Using the formula; to critical angle more
a substance (n) using real refractive index of understanding
substance = real  Cooperating in
and apparent depth.
depth/apparent depth” group activities
11.6.2.7 Explain the term ‘critical  Critical angle: as  Participating
angle’. angle of incidence at in group
. which the angle of activities
refraction is 90o actively
 Applying the
knowledge of
refraction in
daily life
11.6.2.8 Describe the relationship  The relationship  Communicating  Cooperating in
between critical angle and between critical angle the relationship group activities
and refractive index: between Critical
refractive index
n = sin 90o/ sin c, angle and  Participating
Angle of incidence refractive index
in group
greater than critical activities
angle actively
11.6.2.9 Explain how total internal  Internal reflection: all
reflection occurs. the light reflected
inside the more denser
medium

CONTENT
11.6.2.10 Explain how total  Use of internal reflection:  Observing the  Appreciating
internal reflection is used. optic fibre for total internal use of fibre
communication reflection glass
11.6. 3 Lenses. 11.6.3.1 Describe different types  Types of lenses;  Communicating  Asking
of lenses. Convex(thin converging) different types questions for
11.6.3.2 Explain the action of and concave (diverging) of lenses more
 Experimenting understanding
lenses on beams of light.  Types of rays: Converge
to find out what  Cooperating in
11.6.3.3Demonstrate how to and diverge rays of light happens to light group activities
determine the focal  Focal length: when passed
length, NB: use of formula: through lenses.  Participating
11.6.3.4 Demonstrate how to  “1/f = 1/u +1/v  Inferring the in group
obtain images formed Characteristics of image: focal length activities
by converging lenses in terms of the position,  Predicting the actively
images formed  Giving
size and nature of images
by converging presentation of
formed by converging lenses group activity
lenses.  Investigating  Listening to
the uses of others with
magnification=v/u” lenses respect
11.6.3.5 Describe the uses of  Accept
 Use of lens: in correcting
lenses in everyday life. responsibility
defects in vision: short
of group work
sight-concave lens, long
sight-convex lens, LCD,
Camera etc.

CONTENT
11.7.1.1Describe properties  Fundamental properties  Communicating  Cooperating in
11.7 MAGNETISM 11.7.1 Simple of magnets of magnet: such as knowledge on group activities
phenomenon repulsion, attraction magnetism  Asking
of magnetism. direction N-S, pole, etc. theory questions
11.7.1.2Explain the domain  Domain theory of  Investigating for more
theory of magnetism induced understanding
magnetism  Induced magnetism: magnetism  Participating
Transfer of magnetic in group
11.7.1.3 Demonstrate
properties without activities
induced magnetism. contact actively
11.7.1.4 Demonstrate the  Magnetisation: using  Demonstrating  Cooperating in
making of a magnet stroking and electrical on the making group activities
11.7.1.5 Demonstrate the method on magnets  Asking
demagnetisation of a  Demagnetisation: using  Experimenting questions
methods such as on the plotting for more
magnet
Electrical method, of magnetic understanding
11.7.1.6 Demonstrate the hammering, heating etc. field Participating in
plotting of magnetic  Magnetic field lines: Use  Differentiating group activities
field lines. of Magnetic compass to between actively
11.7.1.7 Distinguish the plot field lines. magnetic and
magnetic properties  Magnetic properties of non-magnetic
of iron and steel. Iron (susceptible) and materials
steel (retentive).

CONTENT
11.7.1.8 Explain the use of  The use of magnetic  Experimenting  Applying the
magnetic screening screening and magnetic on use of magnets
and magnetic keepers. keepers : Magnetic magnetisation in everyday life
screening (shielding and
equipment) and magnetic demagnetisation  Appreciating
keepers.(prevent loss of  Observing the uses of
magnetic strength) magnetic field magnets
11.7.1.9Describe the uses of  Use of magnets in our lines using a
magnets. life: circuit breakers, compass and/ or
speakers ,electromagnets iron filings
 Formulating the
pattern of
magnetic field
lines

GRADE 12
 Demonstrate an understanding about Static electricity  Demonstrate ability to measure current and voltage
 Develop investigative skills  Show skills and knowledge to dispose cells and battery
 Demonstrate an understanding of Current Electricity  Demonstrate ability to save electricity
 Demonstrate an understanding about electromagnetic  Demonstrate ability to cost use of electricity
induction
 Demonstrate an understanding of basic electronics
 Demonstrate an understanding about atomic physics

CONTENT
12.8.1 Static 12.8.1.1Demonstrate the  Existence of static charge:  Experimenting  Cooperating in
12.8 STATIC Electricity existence of static Positive and negative the existence of group activities
ELECTRICITY charges charges charges by
12.8.1.2Explain how to detect  Detection of charge: rubbing some  Asking
electric charges. charging by contact, materials questions for
testing the sign of charge  Detecting more
using gold - leaf charge understanding
electroscope etc. using an
12.8.1.3 Describe the properties  Properties and uses of electroscope  Participating
and uses of static charges static charges:  Communicating in groups
-Properties; like charges properties and actively
repel, unlike charges uses of static  Applying the
attract (Law of charge safety rules of
electrostatics) experiment
-Uses: dust precipitators,
ink jet printers,
photocopiers.
12.8.1.4 Describe the electric  Electric charging and  Experimenting  Asking
charging and discharging discharging of objects by charging and questions for
of objects. friction and induction discharging of more
12.8.1.5 Explain the relationship objects understanding
 Relationship between  Communicating  Participating
between current and
current and static knowledge on in groups
static electricity. electricity in terms of the relationship actively
effects as static electricity between current  Knowing the
producers same effect as and static safe rules of
current electricity. electricity experiment

CONTENT
12.8.1.6 Investigate effects of  Effects of static charges on  Investigating  Being aware
static charges on the an environment: e.g. the effects of of the effects
environment. lightning etc static charges on of charges
the environment
e.g. lightning
12.9.1.1Describe the terms  Scientific Terms: such as  Measuring an  Participating
12.9 CURRENT 12.9.1 Electric associated with electric current in groups
Electric charge, potential
ELECTRICITY charge, electricity using an actively
difference and electric
current, and
current
ammeter.  Cooperating in
potential  Communicating group work
 Units of electric charge and
difference. 12.9.1.2 Identify the units of the SI units for  Appreciating
electric charge and current: as Coulomb and voltage the use of
current. ampere(I =Q/t  Communicating electrical
12.9.1.3 Demonstrate how to  Measure an electric current the concept of appliance
measure an electric in the circuit: Ammeter the energy  Appreciating
current. dissipated the safety
12.9.1.4 Describe what  Potential difference: as Measuring rules during an
potential difference energy required to move a potential experiments
is. unit charge between two difference using
12.9.1.5 Describe what the points in a circuit a voltmeter
volt is.  Volt: as joules per coulomb
12.9.1.6 Differentiate  Difference between PD and
between potential EMF in terms of work done
difference (PD) and per unit of charge in driving
electromotive force charge in a circuit and
(EMF) through a component

CONTENT
12.9.1.7 Describe the basic  The maximum PD of a  Communicating  Appreciating
concept of EMF. cell basic concept of the safety rules
12.9.1.8 Demonstrate the  Measurement of PD and EMF during an
measuring of potential EMF: Connecting  Experimenting experiments
terminals across source on measurement
difference (PD) and
of electric current of PD
electromotive force /conductor
(EMF).
12.9.2 Electric 12.9.2.1Describe the structure  Structure of primary and  Communicating  Asking
cells. of primary and secondary cells: the structure of questions for
secondary cells. Primary cells(dry cell), cells more
Secondary (lead acid  Investigating understanding
accumulator) charging and  Cooperating in
12.9.2.2 Demonstrate charging
 How to charge and discharging an group activities
and discharging of the discharge the acid  Participating
accumulator. accumulator: Charging accumulator in group
when current is passed a  Communicating activities
in opposite direction to appropriate actively
current supplies, methods of  Applying the
discharging when in use disposing off knowledge of
(acid accumulator) used cells disposal of
12.9.2.3 Identify methods of
 Appropriate methods of cells in dairy
disposal of used cells disposing used cells. life

CONTENT
12.9.3.1Explain the meaning of  Resistance: opposition to  Measuring the  Asking
12.9.3 Electrical resistance the flow of charge current and questions for
resistance. 12.9.3.2 Demonstrate how to potential more
determine resistance in  Value of resistance in series difference, using understandin
and parallel a voltmeter and g
a simple circuit.
(use formula 1/R = 1/R1 + an ammeter
12.9.3.3 Describe the 1/R 2 )  Collecting data  Cooperating
relationship between  Relationship between for an in group
current and potential current and potential experiment activities
difference in Ohmic difference: (Graph of p.d.  Organizing data
and non Ohmic against current for Ohmic in tables and  Participating
conductors. and non-Ohmic their graphs on in group
conductors) ohmic and non activities
ohmic conductor actively
 Formulating the  Knowing the
patterns in data safe rules of
an
experiment
12.9.3.4 Describe what the  Internal resistance of a cell  Communicating  Cooperating
internal resistance of a due to chemicals internal in group
cell is. resistance of a activities
12.9.3.5 Calculate the resistance  Ohm’s law in series and  Participating
cell
parallel circuits. in group
in series and parallel
( R = V/I) activities
circuits with Ohm’s actively
law.

CONTENT
12.9.4.1 Demonstrate energy  Conversion of energy from  Analysing  Cooperating in
12.9.4 Heating transformations in an energy changes group activities
electricity to heat.
effect of an electric circuit. from one form
electric 12.9.4.2 Investigate the heating  Heating effect of an to the other  Participating
current. electric current in heating  Investigating in group
effect of an electric
appliances. the heating activities
current.
 Calculations of electrical effect of an actively
12.9.4.3 Demonstrate how to energy: Use of formula electric current
calculate electrical (E= VIt, etc.)
energy.
12.9.4.4 Describe the  Calculating  Appreciating
relationship of  The relationship of voltage, electrical the use of
voltage, current and current and power: energy using electricity at
power. Power=voltage x E=VIt home
current(P=VI)  Applying the
12.9.4.5 Demonstrate how to
 Cost of using electrical  Communicating safety
calculate the cost of energy: use of kWh as a relationship precautions in
using electrical unit of electrical energy among power, the use of
Energy voltage and electricity
12.9.4.6 Describe the use of  Electrical components: e.g. current Appreciating
switches, fuses, switches (on /off power), the use of
earthing and the three fuses(Prevent appliances energy saving
from damage), and the bulbs
pin-plugs.
three pin-plugs (connecting
appliance).

CONTENT
12.9.4.7 Explain the need for  Safety precautions  Investigating  Asking
earthing metal cases (prevent electric the safety questions for
and for double shocks, accidents) precautions more
Insulation.  Communicating understanding
the colouring of
12.9.4.8Describe the meaning
 Three types of Wires: insulator
of three wires found in Live (brown), earthling  Cooperating
the cable (green and yellow) and in group
neutral(blue) activities
12.9.4.9 Describe the domestic  Household circuits: such  Investigating  Appreciating
electrical wiring as cooker circuit, ring the basic wiring the use of
system circuit, lighting circuit system in a electricity at
house home
 Communicating  Applying the
12.9.4.10 Describe ways of
 Ways of conserving ways of safety
conserving electrical electrical energy: using conserving precautions in
energy in homes and energy saving bulbs, energy the use of
industry. switch and save etc. electricity

CONTENT
12.9.5.1 Explain magnetic field  Lines of force (Magnetic  Experimenting  Asking
12.9.5 Magnetic effects of patterns of electric the magnetic questions for
flux) : patterns of electric
electric currents. currents. field patterns of more
currents
electric currents understanding
12.9.5.2 Describe the applications  Applications of
 Communicating
of the magnetic effect of electromagnets: electric use of  Cooperating in
an electric current. bells relay switches etc. electromagnets group activities
12.9.5.3 Explain the behaviour of  The behaviour of an  Investigating  Asking

an electric current in a electric current in a the displacement questions for
magnetic field. magnetic field: of a current more
carrying wire in understanding
Displacement of current
a field
carrying wire current or
 Cooperating in
electron beam  Inferring the group activities
12.9.5.4 Describe the application  Applications of current in a attraction and
of a current placed in a magnetic field: e.g. D.C. repulsion of  Participating
magnetic field. motors, galvanometers, forces between in group
ammeter etc. parallel currents activities
 Investigating actively
12.9.5.5 Describe the nature of  Nature of forces: attraction
forces between parallel
the effects of  Applying the
and repulsion of forces magnetic fields effects of
currents. between parallel currents. magnetic field
12.9.5.6 Describe the effect of  Effects of magnetic fields:
magnetic fields on human hearing impairment, radar
health and environment. interference in
communication etc

SPECIFIC CONTENT
TOPIC SUB TOPIC
OUTCOMES KNOWLEDGE SKILLS VALUES
12.10.1.1 Investigate  Electromagnetic  Experimenting  Asking
12.10 ELECTROMAGETIC 12.10.1 The phenomenon the induction: (induced the induction of questions for
INDUCTION of electromagnetic phenomenon EMF / current in a an EMF/current more
induction. of electro- wire moving cutting using a magnet, understanding
magnetic flux ) a coil and  Cooperating
magnetic
Faraday’s law ammeter in group
induction.  Factors affecting  Collecting data activities
12.10.1.2 Describe magnitude and  Organising the  Participating
the factors direction of induced data in a table in group
affecting EMF: speed of  Analysing the activities
magnitude either magnet or factors that actively
and coil, strength of affect the  Knowing the
magnet, number of magnitude of safe rules of
direction of
turns of a coil the induced experiment
induced
current/EMF
EMF.
12.10.1.3 State the  Direction of
direction of induced current:
current Lenz and Fleming
produced by right hand law.
an induced
EMF.

CONTENT
12.10.2.1 Describe simple A.C.  Generators: simple A.C.  Communicating  Cooperating in
12.10.2 The simple and D.C. generators. A.C. and D.C. group activities
generator (an alternator
A.C. and generators
with slip-rings) and
D.C.
simple D.C. dynamo  Participating in
generators.  Comparing the group activities
with a commutator
structure and actively
 Structure and its nature of
nature of an  Appreciating
12.10.2.2 Compare the simple A.C. and D.C. the use of the
simple A.C and D.C
A.A. generator with a generators generators and
generators
simple D.C. generator batteries
in terms of structure
and its nature.
12.10.2.3 Describe the action of  Action of diodes: change  Communicating  Cooperating in
a diode in A.C. to D.C. by allowing rectification of group activities
rectification. current to flow in one way alternating
12.10.2.4 Explain conversion of  Conversion of A.C. current using  Participating in
generator to D.C. diodes group activities
an A.C. generator to a
generator by use of  Comparing the actively
D.C. generator. commutator direction of  Appreciating
12.10.2.5 Contrast the current  The direction of Current current produced the use of the
produced by the D.C. from D.C by a D.C. generators and
generator with that generator(varies) and from generator to the batteries
produced from batteries(constant) one produced
batteries. from batteries

CONTENT
12.10.3.1 Demonstrate the  Principles of mutual  Participating
12.10.3 Transformers. in group
principles of mutual induction: changing
induction. current in one coil  Designing activities
investigations to actively
gives rise to current in verify mutual
the other induction
12.10.3.2 Describe the  The structure : primary
structure and (input) and  Communicating
operation of iron secondary(output) coils step up and step
core transformers. Operation: changing of down
transformers
AC voltages
12.10.3.3 Apply the  Equations of  Calculating

transformer and transformer and power: problems  Appreciating
power equations to using relations relating to the of the use
solve numerical transformers and transformer
Vp = Np
power using
problems involving Vs Ns formulae
ideal transformers and
Vp Ip= Vѕ Iѕ
(ideal transformer)

CONTENT
12.10.3.4 Calculate the efficiency of  Calculation of efficiency:  Calculating the  Asking
a transformer given data. [Efficiency = (Vѕ Iѕ)/( efficiency of a questions for
Vp Ip) x 100%] transformer more
understanding
12.10.3.5 Explain advantages of high  Advantage of high
 Communicating  Cooperating
alternating potential alternating potential knowledge on in group
difference power difference power the activities
transmission. transmission: as in environmental  Participating
reducing power losses in and cost in group
cables. implications of activities
12.10.3.6 Describe the implications  Environmental and cost underground actively
of underground power implications of
power  Appreciating
transmission the use of the
transmission compared to underground power formula
overhead lines. transmission  Being aware
of the
12.10.3.7 Describe the effects of  Effects of improper environmental
improper management of management of and cost
transformers Transformers such as implications
of
overheating, low/high
underground
voltage power
transmission

CONTENT
12.11.1Thermionic 12.11.1.1 Describe What  Thermionic emission:  Investigating  Asking
12.11 BASIC emission thermionic release of electrons from properties of questions for
ELECTRONICS and emission is a heated cathode cathode rays by more
using a CRO understanding
electrons. 12.11.1.2 Investigate  Properties of cathode
 Cooperating in
properties of rays: e.g. Deflected by group activities
cathode rays electric and magnetic  Participating
fields travel in straight in in group
lines etc. activities
actively
12.11.1.3 Distinguish  Direction of flow of  Comparing the  Cooperating in

between electrons and direction of flow group activities
direction of conventional current of electrons to
flow of conventional Participating
current in group
electrons and
 Communicating activities
flow of applications of actively
conventional electron beams
current.
12.11.1.4 Describe  Application of electron
applications of beams in CRO ,TV set,
electron beams. X-ray machines etc

CONTENT
12.11.1.5 Describe the  Basic structure and action  Communicating  Appreciating
basic structure of CRO: electron gun, the devices that the use of the
and an action of Control grid, anode Y- make use of cathode rays in
cathode-ray plates ,X-plates, electron beams in specific devices
fluorescent screen their operation  Being aware of
oscilloscope.
 Uses of CRO: e.g.  Investigating the the structure of
12.11.1.6 Describe the uses measuring( peak voltage, basic structure of a CRO
of cathode-ray time, frequency),TV etc a CRO.  Appreciating
oscilloscope.  Measuring the use of a
quantities using a CRO in
CRO measuring
some quantities
12.11.2 Circuit 12.11.2.1 Identify symbols  Circuit components and its  Communicating  Cooperating in
components of basic circuit symbols: such as resistors, the basic circuit group activities
component. potentiometers, capacitors, components
thermistors, light  Asking
dependent resistors, reed  Calculating questions for
switches and relays resistance using more
switches, light emitting standard colour understanding
12.11.2.2 Determine diodes etc codes and values
resistor values  Values of resistors
using standard recognised from the colour
colour codes. bands

CONTENT
12.11.2.3 Describe action  Action of variable  Investigating the  Participating
of variable potential divider variable potential in group
potential divider. divider activities
12.11.2.4 Explain the  Action of thermistor (as actively
action and semi conductor) and  Communicating
application of application of thermistor the daily  Appreciating
thermistor and and light dependent applications of the use of the
light dependent resistors (sensitive to thermistor and thermistors and
resistors. temperature changes in light dependent LDRs in
light intensity) resistors devices
12.11.2.5 Investigate the  Charging and discharging  Experimenting  Participating
charging and of capacitors: Charging the charging and in group
discharging of through a resistor when discharging of a activities
capacitors. connected to current flow capacitor actively
and discharging through a  Communicating  Appreciating
resistor when not the role played by the use of the
connected to current flow. capacitors in thermistors and
12.11.2.6 Describe the role  Role of capacitors in electronic LDRs in
of capacitors in electronic equipments: equipments devices
electronic filter circuits ,delay
equipments. circuits, smoothening
rectified current etc

CONTENT
12.11.3.1 Describe the action of a  Action of a bipolar  Communicating  Asking
12.11.3 Simple bipolar transistor. transistor current the action of a questions for
Electronic amplifier: bipolar bipolar transistor more
Systems. transistor as used in  Communicating understanding
electronic switches different types of  Cooperating
12.11.3.2 State the different types of  Types of Logic gates: logic gates in group
logic gates. such as NOT ,AND, activities
OR,NAND, NOR
12.11.3.3 Demonstrate how to  How to derive the truth  Investigating truth  Appreciating
derive the truth tables of tables of logic gates. tables of logic the use of the
logic gates. gates using truth tables
numbers of 0 and 1 when dealing
12.11.3.4 Describe the use of  The Use of c bistable and in inputs and out with logic
bistable and astable astable circuits: ross- puts gates
circuits. coupled logic gates.  Communicating  Participating
(Bistable) in computers the use of cross- in group
for data storage. Astable coupled logic gates activities
as pulse generator and the
actively
used in clocks that
controls operations in a
computer

CONTENT
12.12.1.1Describe the  Atomic structure (nucleus  Communicating  Asking
12.12. ATOMIC 12.12.1 Nuclear atom structure of the and electrons) an atomic questions for
PHYSICS atom.  Composition of the structure more
12.12.1.2 Describe the nucleus (protons and  Communicating understanding
neutrons) knowledge on the
composition of the
 Mass number and Atomic existence of  Cooperating in
nucleus in terms of number: mass (Nucleon) protons and group
protons and neutrons. number, A, and atomic
neutrons in the activities
12.12.1.3Explain mass number (proton), number, Z.
and atomic number. nucleus of an atom
12.12.2.1 Describe the nature  Nature of radioactivity  Investigating the  Asking

12.12.2 Radioactivity. of radioactivity. nature of questions for
(randomness and
12.12.2.2 Describe the spontaneity) radioactivity more
 Communicating understanding
characteristics of  Characteristics of three
characteristics of  Cooperating in
the three kinds of kinds of radioactive
the three kinds of group
radioactive radiations: Alpha (α), Beta
activities
radiations: alpha, (𝝱) and Gamma (𝜸) radioactive
radiations in terms of substances
beta and gamma.
penetration, ionization,
deflection, charge, relative
mass and nature of
particles)

CONTENT
12.12.2.3 Describe  Detection of radioactive  Investigating  Asking questions for
methods of emissions: by G.M tube, radiation using a more understanding
detecting photographic plate, G.M counter  Cooperating in group
radioactive scintillation counter, bubble  Understanding activities
emissions.
chamber the causes and  Appreciating the use
 Causes of background effects of of a GM counter to
12.12.2.4 Explain the background detect radiation
radiation (cosmic rays,
origin and effects radiation  Being aware of the
radioactive elements under
of background existence of
rocks.)
radiations background radiation
and its effects
12.12.2.5 Describe what  Radioactive decay as  Comparing  Awareness of

radioactive decay disintegration of nucleus by nuclear fission radioactive substances
is. alpha, beta and gamma to nuclear fusion
12.12.2.6 Describe what emissions.
nuclear fusion  Nuclear fusion and fission:
and fission is Nuclear fusion as process of
joining very light nuclei
together and fission as
splitting process of nucleus

SPECIFIC CONTENT
TOPIC SUB TOPIC
.  Half life of a radioactive  Calculating half  Communicati
12.12.2.7 Demonstrate material: Time taken for life of a ng knowledge
how to activity to reduce by half of radioactive on safety
determine half- the original substance material by precautions
(Decay curves) using decay  Appreciating
life of a
curves the use of
radioactive  Communicating decay curves
material.  Uses of radioactive the uses of to determine
12.12.2.8 Explain uses of substances: e.g. medical, radioactive half life
radioactive industrial, agricultural uses substances
substances.
12.12.2.9 Describe the  Use of protective materials:  Demonstrating  Applying

safety such as gloves, goggles, safety safety
precautions overalls and lead shields precautions precautions
when handling when dealing
necessary when
dangerous with
handling or chemicals radioactive
storing substances
radioactive
substances.

SPECIFIC CONTENT
TOPIC SUB TOPIC
12.12.2.10. Explain the  Effect of radioactive  Investigating  Participating
effects of substances: such as management in group
radioactive radiation pollution and practices which activities
substances on health hazards safeguard the actively
environment
the
from radioactive
environment contamination  Applying
and health. safety
12.12.2.11. Investigate  Appropriate precautions
management management safe guard when dealing
practices which practices with
safeguard the radioactive
substances
environment
from
radioactive
contamination.

PHYSICS PRACTICAL DATA
The importance of practical work in Physics cannot be over emphasised. Practical work develops manipulative skills in the learner
and gives the learner the opportunity to experiment the scientific method. Needless to mention practical Physics is essential for this
syllabus because:
a) There is need to expose learners to practical applications of Physics.

b) Learners should understand, interpret and apply scientific methods in a variety of ways including the theoretical and
practical approaches.
c) The study of Physics should be linked with environmental education requirements by quoting local phenomena in
relation to Physics studies.
There are scientific processes and skills to which learners must be exposed. Examples of these are observing, experimenting,
classifying, measuring, estimating, calculating, predicting and problem solving. Learners should also be exposed to scientific
attitude like accuracy, curiosity and creativity.
KEY QUANTITIES, SYMBOLS AND UNITS IN PHYSICS.
The pages 60 – 62 comprise the symbols and units which may from time to time be used during the study of Physics.
The candidate is expected to have the knowledge of how to apply the symbols and units in physics.
The list is not exhaustive; therefore the teacher and the learner are expected to discover more as they go through this
course.

LIST OF SUGGESTED APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE SYLLABUS
1.0 Measurements and Mechanics
Venier callipers, micrometer screw gauges, measuring cylinders, metre rules, displacement cans, beakers, conical flasks, different masses
such as 50g, 100g, 200g, 1kg, ticker tape timers, pipettes, burettes, spring balances, beam balances, capillary tubes and pulleys.
2.0 Thermal physics
Mercury barometers, clinical and laboratory thermometer, six’s maximum and minimum thermometers, manometers, calorimeter, thermos
flasks, thermocouple thermometers and hypsometer.
3.0 Light
Plane mirrors, converging and diverging lenses, rectangular and triangular prisms, optical pins, colour discs, colour filters, optical camera,
light ray boxes, coloured bulbs, projectors such as slide projectors and film projectors.
4.0 Sound
Sonometers, turning forks, stop watches, stop clocks, sources of sound such as guitars and drums.
5.0 Magnetism
Bar magnets, horseshoe magnets, iron and steel bars, iron filings and plotting compasses.
6.0 Wave motion
Ripple tanks, springs and spiral springs, ropes and strings.
7.0 Electric current/static electricity

Ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats, capacitors, connecting wires, lead-acid accumulators, dry cells, resistors, tapping keys, switches, fuses,
semi-conductors, semi-conductor diodes, electric bells, resistance wires, ebonite and polythene rods, three-pin-plugs, electric bulbs, switch
boards and gold leaf electroscopes.
8.0 Basic electronics
Cathode ray tubes, maltese cross tube, resistors, light dependant rays (LDRs), thermistors, diodes, capacitors, transistors, TV sets, radios,
electronics teaching kits and computers.
9.0 Nuclear physics
Geiger muller tube, time scales, rate metres, cloud chambers, bubble chamber alpha emitting radioactive sources and extra high tension
(EHT) power supply unit.
KEY QUANTITIES, SYMBOLS AND UNITS.
Quantity Symbols Unit
Mass m kg
Length l m
Time t s
Electric current I A
Thermodynamic temperature T K
Amount of substance n mol
Distance d m
Displacement s, x m
Area An m2
Volume V m3

Density ρ kgm-3
Speed u, v ms-1
Velocity u, v ms-1
Acceleration and ms-2
Acceleration of free-fall g ms-2
Force F N
Weight W N
Momentum P Ns
Work W J
Energy E, U, W J
potential energy Ep J
Kinetic energy Ek J
Heat energy Q J
Change of internal-energy ∆U J
Power P W
Pressure P Pa
Torque T Nm
Gravitational constant G Nkg-2ms2
Period T s
Frequency f Hz
Wave length  m
Speed of electromagnetic-waves c ms-1
Avogadro constant number NA mol-1
Celsius temperature  o
C
Half - life t½ s
Decay constant  s-1
Specific heat capacity c JK-1KG-1

Electromotive force E V
Resistance R 
Resistivity ρ m
DATA AND FORMULAE
Speed of light in free space C = 3.00 x 108 ms-1

Elementary charge e = 1.60 x 10-19_coulomb
The Planck constant h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js
Molar gas constant R = 8.31 JK-1 mol-1
The Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1
Gravitational constant G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2kg2
Acceleration of free fall g = 9.81 ms-2
The Boltzmann constant k = 1.38 x 10-23 JK-1
Uniformly accelerated motion s = ut + ½ at2
Or
v2 = u2 + 2as
Work done on/by a gas W = P∆V
gravitational potential Ep = mgh
Energy in motion E=mc2
Refractive index n = sin i
sin r
Resistors in series R = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...
Resistors in parallel 1 = 1 + 1 + 1 + ...... +

R R1 R2 R3

Electric potential V = Q/4𝝅ɛ0r
Capacitors in series 1=1 +1 +1 +....

C C 1 C2 C3
Capacitors in parallel C = C1 + C2 + C3 +
pressure of an ideal gas P = 1 NMC3
3 V
alternating current/voltage X = xo sin wt
hydrostatic pressure P = ρgh
energy of charged capacitor w = ½QV
radio-active decay x = xo exp (-t)
Decay constant  = 0.693
t½

SCOPE AND SEQUENCE
The following table shows the “Scope and Sequence” of Physics syllabus from G10 to G12.
Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12

SUBTOPIC SUBTOPIC SUBTOPIC
Measurements Thermal Static electricity
10.1.1 International Physics 11.3.1Simple kinetic 12.8.1 Static
System of theory of Matter. Electricity
Units (SI).
10.1.2 Length and 11.3.2 Measurement of 12.9.1Electric
time temperature Current charge,
electricity current, and
potential
difference.
10.1.3 Mass and, 11.3.3 Expansion of 12.9.2 Electric cells.
weight solids, liquids
and gases.
10.1.4 Density 11.3.4 Heat transfer by 12.9.3 Electrical
conduction, resistance
Mechanics 10.2.1 Scalars and convection and 12.9.4 Heating effect
vectors radiation. of an electric
current
10.2.2 Linear motion 11.3.5 Measurements 12.9.5 Magnetic

of heat effects of
electric
currents
10.2.3 Forces 11.4.1 Simple ideas of 12.10.1 The
Wave motion the wave motion Electromagnetic phenomenon of
theory. induction electromagnetic
induction
Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12
10.2.4 Moment of 11.4.2 Propagation of 12.10.2 The simple
forces waves A.C. and
D.C.
generators
10.2.5 Work, 11.4.3 Electromagnetic 12.10.3Transformers
Energy and Power. spectrum Basic 12.11.1 Thermionic
electronics emission and
10.2.6 Simple Sound 11.5.1 Properties of electrons
machines sound
Light 11.6.1 Rectilinear 12.11.2 Circuit
propagation of components.
light.
11.6.2 Refraction of 12.11.3 Simple
light electronic
systems
10.2.7 Pressure 11.6.3 Thin converging 12.11.4 Impact of
and diverging electronics
lenses. on society
and industry.
Magnetism 11.7.1 Simple 12.12. Atomic 12.12.1 Nuclear
phenomenon of physics atom
magnetism 12.12.2
Radioactivity

Physics Grade 10 12

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Physics Grade 10 12

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Republic of Zambia

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE, VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND EARLY EDCATION

Prepared and Published by Curriculum Development Centre

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 ii

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 iii

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 iv

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 v

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 vi

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 vii

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 viii

C.N.M Sakala (Mrs.)

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 ix

GENERAL AIMS OF THE SYLLABUS

During this course pupils should acquire the following:

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 x

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 xi

The syllabus will stress:

1. Knowledge and understanding in the following:

(a) Scientific phenomena, facts, concepts, theories and laws.

2. Handling information and solving problems including to:

3. Experimental skills including those involving how to:

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 xii

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 xiii

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 1

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 2

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 3

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 4

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 5

10.2.2.3 Interpret graphical  Graphical representation of  Classifying  Participating

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 6

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 7

10.2.3.4 Demonstrate the  The relationship between  Describing the  Appreciating

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 8

10.2.3.9 Describe the motion in a  Centripetal force:

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 9

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 10

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 11

10.2.6.1Describe what a simple  The definition of a simple  Communicating  Cooperating in

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 12

10.2.6.5 Perform calculations  Mechanical advantage (MA =  Calculating  Applying the

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 13

10.2.7.3 Identify factors affecting  Factors affecting pressure in  Communicating  Appreciating

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 14

10. 2.7.9 Describe how upthrust  Relationship of upthrust and

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 15

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 16

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 17

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 18

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 19

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 20

11.3.3.8 Describe the relationship  Charles law: as  Organising  Participating

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 21

11.3.4.1 Explain what an internal  The internal  Communicating  Appreciating

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 22

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 23

11.3.5.7 Demonstrate the  Differences between  Experimenting  Cooperating in

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 24

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 25

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 26

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 27

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 28

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 29

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 30

Physics 5054: Grade 10-12 31