ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES CLASS 5

Energy Crisis
Ecological Footprint
RESOURCES

Renewable Resources Non-Renewable Resources

•  Resources that after use can run out
•  Resources than can be replenished
and would be impossible to replenish
and restore after use
in the short or mid-term

http://study.com/academy/lesson/renewable-non-renewable-resources-definition-differences.html
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
 HOW THE WORLD USES THE RESOURCES

Resource consumption by part of the world. Canada etc. grouping also includes Norway, Australia, and South Africa. F Soviet Union means
Former Soviet Union. Middle East excludes Israel. Based on BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2015 data.
OIL CONSUMPTION
WORLD COAL CONSUMPTION
WHO’S USING ALL THE COAL
WORLD COAL PRODUCTION
WORLD OIL & GAS PRODUCTION
IS THERE AN ENERGY CRISIS?
•  “The Stone Age came to an end, not for the lack of stones , and the oil age will end but
not for the lack of oil”
ENERGY PRODUCTION IN COLOMBIA
COAL MINING
ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN COLOMBIA
WHO’S THE DIRTY ONE?
FOSSIL FUELS
•  Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons, primarily coal, fuel oil or natural gas, formed from the
remains of dead plants and animals.
 Extraction
•  Open Mining
COAL

Impacts

•  Extraction can be in open or

underground mines the impacts are
similar but in different magnitudes.
•  Massive land mass removal.
•  Dust and Particulate matter
production. •  Underground Mining

•  Surface and Underground Water

Pollution.
•  Pollution in transportation.
 Land Wells

OIL & GAS

Environmental Impacts
•  Land mass removal is not big but it
may impact sensitive ecosystems.
•  Well leaks can pollute water streams
and aquifers.
•  Spills can have irreversible impacts in
the ecosystems and take several years
to clean up Open Ocean Wells
•  Transportation can be done by barrels
or pipelines.
•  In Colombia terrorist attacks are one of
the biggest issues in pipelines and one
of the biggest sources of pollution to
ecosystems from Oil & Gas Extraction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUVcvzlN-28
 FRACKING
Hydraulic Fracturing

Environmental Impacts
•  “New” technique of extraction.
•  Is the Hydraulic Fracturing of the found
to allow Oil flow and be extracted.
•  Studies from Environmental Protection
Agencies have shown impacts in
Underground Water.
•  Leaking of Chemicals have been
detected in aquifers
•  There is evidence of fracking creating
localized earthquakes.
•  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uti2niW2BRA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yd8pr6uFA_Y
NUCLEAR

Environmental Impacts
•  It is consider a clean energy in terms
of production.
•  The only sub-product is steam water.
•  Nuclear waste is produce at the end of
the lifespam of the nuclear plants.
•  High risk in operation is consider and
has been the reason to ban it from
Countries as Australia, France and
Now Germany.
•  Chernobyl and Fukushima have been
the biggest nuclear incidents in
Nuclear energy history.
HYDROELECTRIC POWER
Renewable but not clean
•  Uses the fall of water from high
altitudes to move a turbine that
produces water. Dams
•  Requires the flooding of large areas to
form a reservoir.
•  It is renewable since it uses water that
flows to a river and even in dry
seasons it recovers and production of
electricity resumes.
•  Construction of dams have high
Impacts in ecosystems, and biotic and
aquatic communities.
•  It has produce displacement of people
and social conflicts due to the large
unmanaged impacts of them.

IS IT A CLEAN SOURCE?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bw5sW0LUUNk
“ALTERNATIVE” – CLEAN ENERGIES
THIS IS TO EXPENSIVE…

Or not…
 Daylight.
SOLAR ENERGY
(PHOTOVOLTAIC)

Pros & Cons

•  Uses and unlimited source of energy-
THE SUN J
•  Currently this technology has achieve
high efficiency and the installed
capacity has grown in high rates in the
developed world.
•  There is still a technological gap in
storing energy for night time
consumption.
•  Lifespan of solar panels is long
nevertheless disposal of them requires
special treatment and is consider a
dangerous waste due to the content of
metals and toxic chemicals.
SOLAR ENERGY (THERMAL)
 On shore

EOLIC ENERGY

•  Uses wind to move a turbine and •  eer

generate electricity,
•  Some people complains about sound
production and health effect for long
term exposition.
Off shore
•  Impact on birds migration has been
reported.
•  In Colombia we have the Eolic
Jepirachí park in la Guajira.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

•  dsd
 OCEANIC ENERGY

•  Use of marine currents to generate

electricity
•  This technology is currently under
research but it is consider to have a
big potential.
•  Biggest weakness is the
unpredictability of oceanic currents
and vulnerability to extreme climatic
events

AND THE FUTURE??--à https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uStFvcz9Or4

CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS (CDM)