Individual Assignment

Energi Berkelanjutan
(Sustainability Energy)
HW 2 - Hydropower

Iman Ansori - NPM: 2106664064

1. Hydropower plant consists of 4 turbines each with 150 MW capacity,
and runs with a mean head of approximately H= 600 m. Assuming that
the efficiency of the turbines is 95%, find the maximum flow rate
through the turbines?
Answer:
P = 150 MW = 150 x 106 Watts
H = 600 m
ⴄ = 95%
g = 9,8 m/s2
ρwater= 997 kg/m3
Q =?
First, we calculate flow rate with just 1 turbine use:
𝑃 150 × 10
𝑄 = = = 26,93 𝑚 /𝑠
𝜌ⴄ𝑔𝐻 997 × 0,95 × 9,8 × 600

Then, we calculate flow rate in 4 turbines use:

𝑄 = 4 × 26,93 = 107,73 𝑚 /𝑠

So, the maximum flow rate through 1 turbine is 26,93 m3/s while
maximum flow rate through 4 turbines is 107,73 m3/s.

2. The above hydropower plant has two of the turbines that can be
reversed and pump the water form the low to the high-water reservoir.
It is used for seasonal storage, and the high reservoir has a capacity of
3 x 109 m3 of water. Use the numbers given (1), and find how many days
of stored energy this corresponds to when the electricity consumptions
120 TWh per year?
Answer:
Vreservoir = 3 x 109 m3
Consumptions = 120 TWh = 120 x 1012 Wh
 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑃 =
24ℎ𝑟𝑠 30𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 12𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ
× ×
𝑑𝑎𝑦 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

120 × 10
𝑃 = = 13.888,89 𝑀𝑊
8640

𝑃 13.888,89 × 10
𝑄 = = = 2.493,86 𝑚 /𝑠
𝜌ⴄ𝑔𝐻 997 × 0,95 × 9,8 × 600

With total consumptions 120 TWh, we get that Power (P) for 4 turbines
use is 13.888,89 MW with Flow Rate (Q) is 2.493,86 m3/s. We need
calculate Flow Rate with 2 turbines to get Day of stored energy:

𝑄 2.493,86
𝑄 = = = 1.246,93 𝑚 /𝑠
2 2
𝑉 3 × 10
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = = = 2.405.912,54 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
𝑄 1.246,93

2.405.912,54
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 − 𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 =
60 𝑠/𝑚𝑖𝑛 × 60 𝑚𝑖𝑛/ℎ𝑟 × 24 ℎ𝑟𝑠/𝑑𝑎𝑦

𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 − 𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 27,85 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

So, Days of stored energy with 2 turbines use is 27,85 days = 27 days 20
hours 24 minutes.