CELL: THE UNIT OF LIFE

inanimate -> non living

non living-> no cells

living- cells

unicellular -> one cell ->

mycoplasma,uglena,protozoa,diatom,ameoba,paramesium,yeast
multicellular -> many cells -> fungus,plants,animals

cytology -> cell structure

cell biology -> cell structure,function,reproduction (cell division), regulation

light microscope -> 1000-1500x magnification, 0.2 micro meter (10^-9 m), light
(more wavelength), living and dead cells
electron microscope -> 100000x magnification, 0.5 nano meter (10^-6 m), beam of
electron (less wavelength), dead cells

The detail study of cell was possible only after the invention of microscope and
its improvement leading to electron microscope

unicellular organisms are capable of:

1.independant existance
2.performing essential functions of life

cell
1.basic unit of life
2.fundamental structural and functional unit of all organisms

anything less than a complete structure of cell does not ensure independant
existance

Discoveres related to cell:

Robert hooke -> discovered cells (dead cells) from cork of oak
-> he actually discovered cell wall
-> micrographia (his book)

Anton Von Leewenhooke -> first person to see and describe a living cell
-> cell was capable of moving
(RBC,protozoa,spermatozoa,bacteria etc.)

Robert Brown -> he discovered neucleous

CELL THEORY

Schleiden (1838) -> german botanist who studied a large no. of plants
-> observed that all plants are made up of diffrent types of cells
which form cell tissues

Theodore Schwann (1839) -> british zoologist who studied animal cells
-> observed that all animal cells are covered with a thin
outer layer
-> said that cell wall is a unique feature of plant cells
-> gave cell hypothesis - all plants/animals -> body ->
cells + cell products

schleiden and schwann -> gave cell theory

 -> could not explain how cells arise

Rudolf Virchow (1855) -> new cells arise from pre existing cells (through cell
division)
-> omnis cellua-e cellula

AN OVERVIEW OF CELL
onion peel cell -> represents a typical plant cell
-> has outer distinct thick cell wall and inner thin plasma
membrane

human ceek cell -> represents a typical animal cell

-> has outer thin layer called plasma membrane
-> has centrosome

plant and animal cells both are eukaryotic cell

have membrane bound (well defined) neucleus,organells
have ribosome (70s and 80s)

Prokaryotic cell -> dosent have membrane bound neucleus/ organelles

pk and ek both have cytoplasm which is semifluid liquid inside pm of cells, site
where various reactions takes plae which keep cell in living state