B5

Sr. No.0l
SXTRA TIRST CI-ASS IIXAMINAI'ION (PART B)
Sobj.ct: Advlnc€d lltrrinc Engincerirg X@$tedge

(Timc -3 llo!rs)
^lloned
Indi* (2016i 'l olal Msrk 6l)
n-B: (I) Arle.np! any SIX questionr onll.
(2) All que3tlons arrry !qud mrrki,
(3) r\_crlncss in h.ndwriting and clarity io expnrsio. csrrica $,eigh&ge.

. S|ling VID (Vari$le Frequ.ncy Drivc) eppliclrions onboard shjp, cvsluare its merits &
demerils. With s schcmalic skctch elabomtc how s VID can bc beneficial fo. Hydrauli€ Stecing
Cear System.

2. Discuss on some of the lilcJ! innovations incorporaled by tlte engin€ manlfaaturers to enhance
pcrfomranc. monitoring diag.ostia s€nsors. to incrcrsc thc Timc betwcen oveftaul?

3. Refening to some of the altemative refrigeratio[ cycleB availsble, discoss lh. most cncrg]r'
elficient cycle. Disclrss some of the energrv eUiciency meastres takan, lo inDmyc lhc ovamll
efiicien.y of a reirige.rliofl plant?

.1. (a) Wilh Respcct to gas buming engine options availablo foa ships, discuss various gas injeflo.
systems used and their merils & dcnerits, stressing on tbe lechnical. commercirl and
eavironmeotalareas.

,) With rcspect io gas buming engio€s us.d on ships. Discuss i) The cunent sccnario of
rcgulalory rcquircmonts. ii) Explosion Prevenliofi & Endne Room Ventilation armngements. iii)
l,NG Tslks & gas system inst llarions.

5. Joumal benring lubricalion is stron8ly influenced by lhc characteristics shown jn thc .-stribeck.
crr,,/e. Justify the dcveloprnents thst have takcn place in lhc coruectinE rod b.orinls of bo\h
medium spead angincs and slo$ specd cngines in ihis cofltext.
 6. Modern fi.. dele.d.n sys1ll:l. on L.ta vesstls are 1ltit. diflirent iiom *adilbnrl sf,Ltis
lx.r]t. 1|. tealt.ts of lh. sl'sl!'rn ald lrighlighl their advantage; od disail'lnlagt!. it an). ovcr

thc !r,diiiollltL(ysl*ms. tlt1ain \,iatl is "nnd.g!! addr...able"?

7. (a),^n-ong llrc varioLrj .]li]matc r.tiigera.t gases b.irg uscd. .iiscuss the suilrhilit-v ard ira\Ltit!'
,,/ i. 6. usa oiCO: trnd hyd,ocarbon gases such !s P6pane as ref.igeraols.

(t)wlrl rs rearigerant gas blcnd() \anle le* r.friScrrnt ll.rds ltxtltin whal is zcohp) irnd

. arco(r.ipy. l.\|)lxin alle ntirt ler.p.taltr. Slida' ;n {his.rrl.\l and ils significrncc

8, Conlri)l synems onboard ships lnre dcv'l2ed ao a l.!cl. *hi:rc it is possib,e, al,rt litrx
{raril )ritt plrstnaaars, to tary scl poifits ol cont.ollers iD diffcrenl [&.a otlLa t gine R.],nr frorrr
a con!ole ii the FICR Lh.ough a I1[nun Machinc lt{lrfacc. Dcii.til]t the essential rrrar8cmclrls n1'

such a rftlem usi.g {h. ilt,{l)A Nftaitecture.

(o) HN is the powcr lo *ei8ht ratio of an engine sargbl lo bc increascd bY .onliluous

L,9.
drlal('pment? Disn$! thc i,ining 1.clats, W:rt! ,\ ihc lypical !os€. to lv.igir €lio ot n tl.w
sped nrsrine dicsel engi.e oictr.r.ttl genctrlion!
{b)}i, inprola ai. pa.arto t.ltlrt rnlicaarn e4tat i1is.,:rcessary to incrcas.lhc l.a. l)rs.rrt,
lhe in poriance o:lurhocharger compression ralio ir this regard. Why has ii bccomt nc.essari'to

intmdlc.e 1ro stage lurbo aharginSl

r\ \xx^x \ x\x\\x
 B5

sr. No. I (pM)

EXTRA FIRST CTASS EXAMINATION (PART-B)

SUbiect: Advanced Marine enEineerins Knowledse

(Time a owed _ 3hou.s)

lndis (2016)
Tolal Marks 60
Nole:
(t)A question catry equal nrarks.
(ii) Answer any six questions
(iii) The answers shoutd be legible.

on some of the pertoroance monltoring, c,iagnostic

@tnoi.u," sensors
which have been incorporated in engine to increase
the Time between
overhaul?

With a schematic sketch elaborate how a VFD

can be beneficiat for Hydraulrc
Stee!'tr)g Gear System?

13...-Di""r"a Ihe various ste ps which has been introduced to miligate the cwp
(Global Warming Potential) caused
bythe use ol refrigerants?

4. Discuss Ihe construction. of Aqua blue FWG emptoying the 3-1 Dlate
lechnology? Discuss i(s advantages and
disadvantages over lhe conventtonal
FWG employing pTHE or STHE?

How is the power to weight ratio of a particular

modeusize oi engine sought
to be increased by conlinuous development?
What is the typical power to
weight ratio o[ a slow speed marine diesel
engine of current generation?
Marine diesel engines vary g.eaUy in piston
size and stroke. Discuss the
range of values in mean plslon soeed of
engines_ Justify the fairly narrow
range.
6. Gear and screw pumps are examples of positive
displacement pumps.
Explain the lerm "positive.in this conl
these pumps
from centrirusar pump","
"0"rr,,"" ";iJlllldearlvdistrnsuish
Page 1of2
 How does cavitation take place in a pump, for example while de-ballasiing
from a DB tank? Clearly explain how metal can erode due to gavitation.
Explain with juslification the stePs taken to avoid cavitations.

('1 Crankcase oil mist detectors have undergone a lot of changes in recent
y,iars. Comparc the modern types with rnulliple sensor units wilh the
traditional single sensor type, where sampling was done sequentially. What is
the typical LEL value of crankcase oil mist? Compare the suitability of bearing
bmperature alarms vs crankcaso oil mist detectors as permitted for UL4S

vrssels.

\/Alternators are fitted wilh a reverse power protection which opens the circuit
breaker. Explain how the po\iler can become reverse; and what the need for
this safety is. Explain the significance of lhe gip-SgEllg and iustify the
difference in settings according to the type of prime mover. ln the context of
cnecking alarms and trips, lrtlat is meanl by "test protoaol" and "acceptance
c.iteria"? How is lhe reverse power trip tested ior proper lunclioning?

9. are different materials lsed for Tube plugging? Discuss the mode'
Vy'hat

Fop A Plug method of tube plugging and what is its advantage over
ccnventional procedures adopted in plugging the tubes?
 B5

St No' 2

/ (PA'RT-B)
E,KIRA FIRST CLASS EXAMIMNON

KnowledPe l35l
Subiec{: Advanced Marine enEineerins
(Time allowed - 3hours)
Total irarks 60
lndia (2017)

Note:
li\ All queslon carry equal fiarks
hi) Answer anv sx quesuons
'1iri1The answers should be leglble'

LNGisbeingidgotit]edaSanalterDatefuellolshipboardapplications..T
explain:-
;;n;; ;" t;** for this intercst ln this contcxt IGF
t.tr* in this clevelopnent ald bricfly describe how the
[i''t"fu,,
code is addressing this'
di-fficulties faced in its use and how aIe they being
ill i".n"nr,
addressed

darits cte '

rrrln ,,irrv ol serious accidcnts tuking place in crlnes
irr such milchincry' l<elcnrng
t,igf,iigt,, ,ft. rrnpodancc of sa[cty tlevicrs
ioiu5l r,-o I foaS rcquircmcnis' discuss various survcy &
ccrtification

rcqliremcnts lbr iilling gcars'

elevator' 1f
(b)Highlight safety fcatures built in to ship's accomnlodation
as cagc door interlock is taulty' how
will you' as
u i"rti.rtlr.ut'"ty*tch
Chief lingi[cer cnsure cootinucd operation ?

it' aonr,"n, dcvelopmcnt in marinc diescl cngines focus

on improving the lrt'
this is to increasc
;;;.; t,, wcight rrtio. onc of thc ways of improving
ih" .p* of thc engine Discuss lhc limitalions in incrcasing this value'
Discuss the importancc of meatl piston spced in this contcxt

(1.\r"r wtut is the importancc of thc ratio Pmaxl MEP in a marirc diesel ,
\ l",,gin"?
What are the lirniting factors for increasing Pmax altd mcp?
 Compare the values of Pmax and MEP between 4 stroke medium spe€d
engines and 2 stroke slow spccd cngines.

(b) Variable idection timing was inroduced to bring down SFOC

figres, especially over a wide range ofpower. Explain with a g:aph the
variation in Pmax with respect to engine power, with VIT in use and
without.Explain clearly how the fuel consumption is reduced.

(a) Describc the developments that have taken place in the desigu of
bearings olslow speed marine diesel engines . focusing on the reasons for
such changes.

(b)Enginc monilorilg systems in many modem engines include bearinu

wcar rlorw measurement anrl bcaring tcmpcrJlurc mcasrrremcnl_eve;
rotating beadngs such as the boftom end. Describe the arrangement iI
these systems. Wlat adyantagcs arc provider.l by these? Explain how
these would be possiblc.

(a) Why is thcrc a constant attcmpt to incrcasc tltc compressor prcsslu.e

.xtio of turbochargers? Considering the f'act rhat the conlpressor of the -'-
T/C is a dynamic machine, discuss rhe iimiting lactors in developing
high discharge pressure in a single stage, and explain two stage
t[rboch$ging systerns now being installed.

(b) With ref'ercrce ro turbochergers with Variablc Turbinc Arca (VTA),

explain (i) Which area is varied; (ii)Whv is it varied and (iii) How is it
varied.

7. lvlarine automation systems have undergone a lol ol changes. It has

evolved from relay based hardwilcd logic control to programmable
logic
control and computer control. Lxplain the principle behinrl
this kind of
offatgenrent, particularJy mentioning (i) wiring standards
such as
Ethemet, RS 232, RS 485 etc and (ii) comnunication
protocols such as
CAN. MODBUS , pROFIBUS etc.

8. (a) Rcfc,ing Jo ALCAI, rechnology in marine purifiers.

discuss rvith
diagrams, how the Sludgc rnonitoring systenr
alonr *ith
monitoring systcm in modetn ccntrifugal s"pa.at,r. -has
;;;-;;*
ir"r""r.J ,f,"
scparation cflicicacy of oil?
7 9
(b) With respect to new
the "centriir;;;;;r"il:;Ujttcnt
serectrve catarytic Reactors
-

dcyeloDmenl in de-sludging
in separators, discuss

(scB) are being extensively

used in marine
I diesel engines for the
Explain various types
compliance
Nox emission requirements.
of sc.s i-ofTier-lll
n use with particular focus
following:. on the
a) High pressure SCRS (HPSCR)
Vs Low Pressure
scRs (LPscR)
b) ScRs with static mixers.
c) SCRS installed upstream
thle turbocharger(s)
turbochargers. vs downstream
 aa
Sr. No. rt
I1XTRA flItST CLASS o'ART t )
Sulricct: lluman

(l'tnl: .1llorrcd -3 Ilours)

Ind:r arolt) Io!i]' l\txrks 60

f_lt: ll) Allcnrpl flnr Sl\ qucstiotrs only
(2) All qr.itioos carry cqu{l mark.
(3) Neat.css in tinil$'riting xlld altti:l in cxltcssion carr:cs rrtigltltg..

(a)lt is c comrnon stalttatrt lhat '80% of accidcnts arc .aused d:rc lo hunun {r!tor' Discuss tlr
_.1.
tefln hunranerrn.'reI€[cd to hl)reofa cornpler hier&rNti.ta atlao'lcchn ica I s]slcm.

. (b) Ilc lc.!. llunlan tlemenl. ltuman f.ror and tlurrln Iinclors h.r'e ,t. b.cn uscd

iniera|rngcatrl! in relalior. lvilh lhc mar:tinle incidsnts/accidcnts Ilo\\'in ).trr.pin''n da thcsc

lcflns differ! Discusa !Yi1h saiirble c\anlples

(r) Accidcnt caxsalion models oflcn sl.lle ' s!ilabl.

atarlla, d;scuss lhcsa lcmls Wh.a sirfegnards .l! f$!ll(d in a ci',lrfltr

lcchiaal system to de1.r tha eitects ol lesa fsilureq,

(by'Unsafc a.as com&;i€d t, tili: iionl IiIle opliltors have been pal in categories of er:r::'

mistak.s and tl.l.lions in the GiiMS model olJamet Rcason. Lxplain r)'rdcl with st,ii't'l'
'his
tts.lplar lronr ire nla.ilimc field.

3. (a) [ll.!ti!a..tnnn'.rnical;ons havc t.e, idenlificd as one in m'ntirnc

of thc ca$al
'aclors
in safel) ofship opcrations parlicrlarl) with rcfcren" lo tllt
lcaidgnts. Discuss its imPonanrr
presenl ds)' shrphoard crc$ ing sccnarros

Discuss the regu,allry ptovisions in plsct lo pronDle etf"tive communlc^lions in shipboard

;.t)
olrclstions.

4. of de tMo Re.rtilllion A l07l (2i) givinl revised

is) SLlc the puryo.. and th. main contents
ISM llcw should A'ininistations dei"tnint and
$iiLlings lor fic implein'rlali" ofthe 'ode'
yc.ity c{r}tormily of compa{y s S''{S !ri$ ihe Cod!?
 (b) ilol' are tbe follo*ing rdovant in the contexr ol vraficarion .ial. SMS mder thc lSM.ar.t
(i) ll ('! pto:edr:ral requircmenls for dre ISM code .rairr.aion and (ii) lMO,s revised guidelin.s
on tie i&tlareat lion 6f lSM code.

rljt! a multiculunl crew on board *iii:eference to

!fucidate lhe chsllenges aa operaling
cornllaiarto,, !:3lu.s and anl orher rspecl. Ila* r:ia i.creasa aa i:k ofaccidenh?
(b)woul, tor ai!. L.o* in a cross cultural end n!l!'n.1iorati1!..tit .ln.rt or purctv rn a|
lndiarl enriro|lmcnl.: Gi\e your aaiaaors in c]ther ciBc,

(.) Dis.nss lht ti*.t.!c ot S'lCW20l0 in compariso. t,tt S'lCl\: t)j :.Ird explain the reasons ,or
revisron.tlt...a..
_ (b.l Discuss ho\! thc p.ovision! ot 2010 ,,i.dments 10 Sltw C.ir.ntion intend lo improle arra
' iachni.rl and llraamcrsonRl contfrelcaaa ofse3liaaar.

(r)D scrss thc broad alaria.t oftfe ra:atrnt iIl(). tl.().cfime! all3rinr to
:r the niaritime industn such as r:Nritim.
(hll)ir.!rt tl. l:1O tri.lar.e on latigre Miiigalion ,nd Managenrqnl on borrd shr!r.
8. (a)lvrit€ i. dcliil on silnational lc.Nd..shit \|jtat rct'c.en.. to the,lai:a:..nl s1)tcs of lcadcrship and
t\err; polrcr,inr, (
'rr , pl.,,irJ.\ rr tt.-
(b)KeJpi.g..y anrgcmcrt tcc,rniqxc-( such as tr.1cKin5cy 75 ,rnnc work in mind. t.icil) dis.rss
.lf..tilikel) lo bc fcl! it'3 good nunrb.. ot 'sl,Ifl' ir ,ny rrlrni73tjc. is .hanged in I rchiively
sl$ne.lim. spice.

9. (a) R',ftr io lhe ISM ceCa irnd aaactlss ir.!t lLe basic lrincbla o, risk a!,assne.l ,nd rjsk
mirir. izati.t lr addresscd in il and empiasiz€d.
(b) Diicuss variors lechniques tur .Ri.a Asil.smena, nptlint
onb.rrd. \!ith briel .,6c.illlio n o.
arv t\r o .f tl)e l.ll.$. i.t l..hriqr.s i-
i. l!u11'1rc. Amllsis (,'lAJ
ji. I;ailurc lvt()dcr rnd ta.is A l-Y-si.ltrMti)
iii. tieri ,l {c Anal).sa:j ll1.ii
 B6
Sr. No..B (pM)

lndia (2otE)

so thai
impJemented at
ajl iimes.

2.

Format Sarety
Assessment (FSA)
. p.o.esses of used in tne rute
lMo. Nanate *" malnng
lhe FSA wirh rp.oro characteri"l''s
crraractericl's
"0,",1r.li'"n.'o"ly
rr*or uno processes ot
ano o,
Anatysis and "^ptun*oi lrE'i
cosrten", "rr,^-^]"'rves'
'"n"ding Haza,d '.o"""""uRisk
ldenr,ficarron,
^*-".1^-.
€).

$Hf,';[*k-:1;"g.1r;,"#fi i;ffi hr""ffi

[ff:'f#;"l#$:]ilTj;"#,"frfi
*:jiil*i"x,:"".ffi il,r
Page L ot 2
 (b) DiscLrss lhe rerulalory provjsions i.l p,ace to promole effectiva.
co,r .nu r icatio ns in sh;pboard operaljcns .. ... :.'

I the a, obligatons tor the Stales rat

for seafarers to ,,,vork on a ship, as

nsation in the evelt of a shjD,s ,oss or founderlng.

develoonlent

People's decisions are a traile-of ietleen the

time- D:scuss

I factor-D;scuss wjlh example tn a marine

I
I

)'

1*'
,,.

l
'.,.
.:-
.$d)
ffi
ffi
B6

Sr. No. 2

EXTM FIRST CLASS EMMINATION (PART.B)

subjed: HUMIN ELEMENT (86)

(Iime allowed - 3hours)

:ndia (2017) Tolal Marks 60

Note:
O All q.estion carry equal marks
{ii) Answer any six questions
(iii) The answers should be legible

I . Tho Preamble of the lSM code states that the comerstone of good salety
nunagemanl is commilment from ths top. Discuss lhe validity ol rhis
asslmption with examples and state your opinion as to how should the
existenco of commitmcnl liom the top be verified through SMS auditsl'

.2,
(a) 'Nllchincry lallllli cr lllr J'l Jrr)rr in some cascs
bc &e caxsr of incidents at seil. hut human crror
cortribrtirlrl l:taafl." rji.''!',ctll iic"is rcgardilg thc abovc statement witl1
reference lo alls maritime environment.

(b) Analyse the Human Factor ard ISM Code. I

implementing the ISM
tlode explain how human factor llays a critical role'

(a) Merchanl Shipping Act 1958 was amended lor the incorporatior of
MLC 2006. Discnss salient elements the said amendment'
ad:ninistrations with particular
{b) Discuss mandates assigned to maritime
ieierencc to crew supply, manning and certification ofseafarers'

{a) Fatigue has been gencrally underslood to be

a major factor in
guidance on
maritimJ casualties- In this contexl, elabomte on the IMO
Fati$e Miligatio! and Ma:ragement.
(b) Onc ol the popular models explcinrng how accidents are caused, is
James Rcason's Swiss Cheese Modcl of accident causatlon -
Lxplaln lnls
model with cxamPle .

x
t
\-'

*t
 : 'The global shipping
industrv i
two ships, ,.r, prace. rverv day, i( roses
,"rio ,ii,l"t,lIn,crar"ns
^1::,"t'1
of hunireis ; "r,
;";il;;J;ij
''1""1"
and radicalrv changei
the lives
"r-r""n tor'*iJ.,l'il'in" l1'' ::"':"
is has arso been said
reason why the ross
^'i such loss. n is arso the
statemenr ,;;;;"r1:'
is ._. 6,-urer.I'['?'tv
Anatyse"t'
this seemingly conflicting

6. Key elemcnr of rhe Occuoarir

manasernenr slsrem
is ," a.u",, aspccrs of a
conrribute ,o irprori,,*
ri","'i:l^:"ill^.-*
".rriu' *'",, culturc and horv rl
.]:::",
tl1'l
en vr ron mcn r. with
ref erence i. I"
;;'", ll,#:l
improvement in ^_r.lr,rrl;;; answer roi the ";"
vor. ,6o."-i"rlo;.},';,',Ti,l:lr
--"ru.r o: weD On yOUr
Shtps. COnlrOlled

In a shipboard environmcnt
,(a) wha

:;nH flT" it 1,T*ilii: T" #i.,,;11h::, ;ii:,*t[lTi

(h t, Slrpprng
h.rs hrsr,l.rrirlJ\ brurr,
rr.idiri,,n -ri'n., ,,,a ' rIr:'Il.1ionr'',,cd in,r,l
,;;-;:,,,
in::rersins r6c p,.,,"1,...urii,;",,'1":Y..'l*
,n::reilsrng o Irus bcen takinp
Dj(scr,.,. ,rf,, ^,-...- - takinp rririarires
in
't," p,*,ui"
"tarlerrlei ,,,,r
", *, ,lll) lllflX,li#hJiglrl
111,r .1rb1q.
lirf

)wrih in detail on situarional

\8 )(a
'-'stvles or wilh rererence ro rhe
readerst,il;#;i",:"':rship
rrcatron differenr
. Give shipboard
eramples.
(b)Kecping any managcmeur .
lechr
as. vcKinsey 75
work^in nrind. **r,0j,",...ri.,:':::: ::.,h
txety to be.fclt
rrame
'staff in any organiza,;;;;*ar in a relatively if a go.rj rrumbcr u[
shoncr time space.
(a) Refcr to rhe
ISM code and disr
,h: b*1. principJe or
assessmenr and
risk ;,;;#;,:#::-:::
raoressed in it
and
risk
emphasized.
(b) Discuss varjous
techniques for
-*"|J'Tl*T:J,il;J,'#ff |"i:'-",'#:[ili:if oonuo"'o'
Failure Modes and
]]
Ir. Event Tree Analysjs
Effects Analysis (FMIA)
(EIA)

\
I

I
d