REVISION 4 (4/7/2021)

VOCAB FOR CHANGES (CHECK OLD LESSONS)

CHANGED – ADAPTED – ALTERED – SHIFTED – TRANSFERRED

0. a I've ___________ my mind - I'll have the soup instead of the prawn cocktail .
b He ____________ places with Jean so that he could sit nearer the blackboard .
1. a Football star David Beckham was____________ from Manchester United to Real
Madrid for a fee of £ 25 million .
b I've just___________ £ 3,000 from my current account to my savings account .
2. a When asked why he hadn't done his homework, James____________
uncomfortably in his seat.
b The publishing company has____________ its attention away from children's
literature towards school text books .
3 a. The snow leopard has___________ to life at altitudes of up to 6,000 metres.
b. Several of her books have been____________ for television
4 a. The jacket was a perfect fit, but I had the trousers because they were a little too
tight .
b. The new tower block has dramatically____________ the appearance of the town .
CLOZE TEST
We’re all in this together.
Have you, or has someone you know, come up (0) _______ an original idea for a
brilliant product or an original invention? But do you find (1) without sufficient cash to
develop or promote it? Fear not. Help is close (2) _______ hand. You can crowdfund it!
Crowdfunding is the practice of financing a project by raising money through
contributions (3) _______ individuals or groups of people with money to invest or the
desire to (4) _______ good. It has emerged as an accessible option for entrepreneurs
and creatives around the world. Usually collected via online platforms, the sum
generated allows them to both (5) _______ their ideas to the test and gain exposure
and funds for their product or invention. You might well wonder (6) _______
crowdfunding really is a modern-day practice. It would seem (7) _______. Although the
term and its definition were only recently added to dictionaries, throughout history,
landmark expeditions, epic voyages and even national monuments have been
completed (8) _______ to the donations of ordinary people.
National parks
You realize (0) _______ truly incredible the natural environment is when you take a trip
to one of the world’s national park. To be eligible for national park status, a place must
possess a unique natural, cultural or recreational resource and be considered in need
(1) _______ protection. Fortunately, a considerable number of natural gems have been
designated as national parks and (2) _______ are also World Heritage sites.
From hot springs (3) _______ snowy peaks, these postcard-worthy destinations (4)
_______ definitely be on your list of places to visit. Many are also home to some pretty
amazing flora and fauna. The parks are extremely popular (5) _______ outdoor
enthusiasts, who can indulge in their favorite activities like hiking or rafting, surrounded
(6) _______ nature. The largest national park in the world isn’t easily accessible, being
in a remote area of Greenland and boasting a permanent population of zero. It’s also (7)
_______ used to receiving visitors (around 500 a year). This is a long way from the
estimated 11 million tourists (8)_______ flock to the Great Smoky Mountains of North
Carolina and Tennessee in the US.
PRONUNCIATION
1. A. enrich B. enlarge C. enlist D. enterprise
2. A. protect B. profess C. proverb D. profound
3. A. danger C. ransom C. ancient D. manger
4. A. crooked B. sacred C. washed D. jagged
5. A. carriages B. whistles C. costumes D. assures

STRESS
1. A. destroy B. involve C. distract D. comment
2. A. conquest B. canteen C. parade D. campaign
3. A. severe B. diverse C. fertile D. mature
4. A. domineering B. interrupt C. reconcile D. picturesque
5. A. intellectual B. stability C. geocentric D.interference

GAP-TEXT
Today it is not uncommon to see people - for all I know, you might even be one of them
- who live and walk about with white, black, blue or pink wires hanging from their ears
wherever they go. They move about in their personal bubbles, sometimes unaware of
what's happening around them. ______________ (1) Outside life is shut out.
Sometimes, rightly so, for environmental distractions can easily prevent them from
concentrating on something really important. Of course it doesn't have to be an actual
iPod; it could be one of the other MP3 players on the market. So are you one of 'them'?
Or, should I say one of 'us'? ____________________ (2).
For introverts like me, walking around in our own personal bubble is perfect.
____________________(3). What’s even better, wearing earphones seems to give a
signal to people which says: 'Do not disturb - I'm enjoying myself and am not available
for chatting at the moment!' If, for example, I'm strolling along a busy street, and I see
someone l'd rather not talk to, I can simply stare into space and pretend I haven't seen
them. __________________(4). Of course, I don't like being on the receiving end of this
anti-social treatment, but I can't complain.
Now imagine this situation: you're at work and about to make an incredible scientific
breakthrough, or you have just come up with an idea that will save the company
millions, and your boss suddenly turns up.
_________________(5).Listening to music through earphones is the perfect way to
ignore such interruptions. Once again, those white, black, blue or pink wires dangling
from your ears would be sure to give that 'Go away!' signal.
______________ (6). It's probably part of the growing up stage when they just want to
ignore their whole family. Instead of covering their ears and screaming "Yada, yada,
yada…' while their mother gives them a lecture about how they should do their
homework first before playing their brand new computer game, they can just turn up the
volume on their MP3 player, smile, and say “Yes Mum. Of course, Mum!”. Problem
solved.
Pretty soon, not only will we have pretty coloured wires dangling from our ears - even
better, our brains will be directly plugged into some new high-tech device, and we'll be
in a virtual world, interacting with everyone else, or choosing not to, as we like.
____________________ (7). The truth is that our devices are changing so quickly, and
invading our personal lives at such an alarming rate, that they are changing our social
habits along the way.
In the end, there is a thin line between using technology as a tool for making life easier
and better and being a slave to it! It's so strange - suddenly, I don't feel like wearing my
earphones anymore!

A. After all, I’m listening to my favorite music and would rather not be disturbed by
pointless chit-chat.
B. At this precise moment, the slightest disturbance would break your concentration and
that magic moment might be lost forever.
C. I also have wires dangling from my ears.
D. In the home situation, teenagers love the dangling wires.
E. In this world, there will be no actual physical ‘play’ because iPods were one of the
first such devices on the market.
G. They walk around in their own, artificial personal spaces, with their personal ‘digital
noise reduction systems.’
H. We don’t have to deal with noise from other people or from the environment.
LISTENING

RE-WRITE (GRAMMA)
1. Please, stop talking because I can’t concentrate on the film. (quite)
-> I_______________________________I can’t concentrate on the film.
2. Why don’t you show me your stamp collection? (let)
-> I_______________________________ your stamp collection.
3. You look tired. Why don’t you go to bed early tonight? (better)
-> You _______________________________ you look tired.
4. Zoe has a job which makes her feel very stressed. (less)
-> Zoe_______________________________ job.
5. Meg wants to be left alone because she’s upset. (rather)
-> Meg_______________________________ she upset.
6. I regret having committed myself to so many private lessons in the evenings. (not)
-> If _______________________________ private lessons in the evenings.
7. He regrets not taking her threats of leaving him seriously. (wishes)
-> He_______________________________ of leaving him seriously.
8. I would love to go on a round-the-world trip. (able)
-> I_______________________________ round-the-world trip.
9. ‘You stole the jewels!’ the inspector said to him.
-> The inspector accused_______________________________.
10. If it doesn’t rain soon, millions of pounds’ worth of crops will be lost.
-> Unless_______________________________.
11. ‘Don’t move or I’ll shoot!’ the bank robber said to the clerk.
-> The bank robber threatened_______________________________.
12. The drama critic of the ‘Daily News’ regards the new play as a major breakthrough.
-> According to_______________________________.
13. Although the team played well, they lost.
-> Despite_______________________________.
14. Galileo is considered to be the father of modern astronomy.
-> Galileo is regarded_______________________________.
15. The only way you can become a good father athlete is by training hard every day.
-> Only by_______________________________.
16. He speaks more persuasively than hos brother.
-> He is a_______________________________.