RUBEN´S TUBE

(Scope of Fire)
The sound as it travels through the air creates pressure differences. Rubens
tube is a device that shows these pressure variations in the form of transverse
wave, seen through the propane gas. The gas has areas where the wave is
longer and receiving wave pressure and other areas where the wave is not
pressed and the flame is barely visible. These flames we draw the length and
frequency of the wave.

It's really great this invention, where the fire was literally dancing, it even
seems the effect of a player equalizer.

The flames change depending on the sound as it enters the tube, wherein the
tubes also enter the propane gas.

The operating principle is based on the various modes of vibration that occur
on the fire the sound frequencies.
The flames produced by combustion of the gas leaving the perforations of the
tube. A tube that makes it vibrate like a speaker. Flames will dance for you in
the music.
We wave editor and hotter all the time.

What is Ruben’s Tube?

Ruben’s tube is a device that illustrates the changes in air pressure exerted by
the sound in the same manner similar to an oscilloscope. In this device can be
seen the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and wave speed. Keep
in mind that the speed of sound is higher in lighter gases, a fact which is used
for methane.
The flames change shapes depending on the sound to enter the tube, where in
the tube also enter the propane gas.
 What shows Ruben’s Tube?

Also known as right of the flame tube of the wave, or simply flame
tube. Showing the relationship half-waves and air pressure.

History Ruben’s Tube

John Le Conte discovered in 1858 that flames were sensitive to sound. In

1862 Rudolph Koenig showed that the height of a flame could be affected by
transmitting sound in the gas supply, and the change as time passes could be
displayed with rotating mirrors. August Kundt, in 1866, demonstrated an
acoustical standing wave by placing seeds of lycopodium or cork dust in a
tube. When a sound was made in the tube, the material inside lined up in
nodes and antinodes in line with the oscillation of the wave, creating a
standing wave. Later that century, Behn showed that small flames could be
used as sensitive indicators of pressure. Finally, in 1904, using these two
important discoveries, Heinrich Rubens, whom this experiment is named
after, took a 4-metre-long tube and drilled 200 small holes into it at 2
centimeter intervals, and filled it with a flammable gas. After lighting the gas
(whose flames all rose to near-equal heights), he noted that a sound produced
at one end of the tube would create a standing wave, equivalent to the
wavelength of the sound being made.
O. Krigar-Menzel assisted Rubens with the theory. A detailed theory of
resonances in Rubens' Tube is given by Gardner et al.

Recommendations

The tube should be at least 1.50 meters, remember that the holes should be
distributed from the center toward the ends of the tube. The gas flow
adjustments should be made at the time is up and running and the horn, as
this may extinguish the flame if too strong air flow is generated by the horn.
It can be dangerous in small, enclosed places.
 Materials used for Ruben’s Tube

Hose 3 / 4 Perforations in the pipe

Propane Gas 5 Lbs. Horn
Valve Reproductive System
Metal clamps Teflon tape
Female cap galvanized Cooking Lighter
Funnel Extinguisher