1, sociologist who studies popula would be MOST interusted in the (A) impact of natural disasters on the economy (8) impact of climate change on agriculture (C) relationship between industries and pollution levels ©) impact of cuttural beliefs and Practices on population growth rates 2. Country X has.a dependency ratio of 33:100 and Country Y has a dependency ratio of 75:10. What can be inferred about these countries? ‘The standard of living is relatively high in Country X. II, ‘The standard of living is relatively low in Country X. UL Country Y is less developed than Country X. (A) only (B) Tend Ut only (C) Mand Il only (0) 1, Mand ur 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Caribbean migratory patemns? (A) Emigrants go mainly to Europe and Asia, (B) © Most Caribbean emigrants try to / \_ escape religious persecution, («@)) Caribbean populations have "resulted from immigration over time. (D) The urban populations grow Cee rn a mainly because of international immigeants. Which of the fottowing, statements are TRUE of Malthus’ Population theory? 1 Population growth eventually Outstrips food supply, 1, Poputation grows at an arithmetical rate, ML People must practise moral restraint, (A) Land ttonly (B) Land 111 only (©) Mand 1 only (©) [Mend tit Liem § refers to the following diagram which shows a type of population pyramid, Which of the following governmental policies are LIKELY to be implemented in a country with this type of population pyramid? 1 Allocating more money for pensions I. Building more early childhood centres Ul, ‘Training more paediatric nurses (A) Land tt only (B) Land Ill only (C) Mand I only (D) I, tand 1 The Family Planning Association of Country Y is developing « campaign targeting teenage females, The population statistics which the association may find MOST helpful would be the (A) crude birth rates (B) overall fertility rates (C) male-female sex ratio (D) age-specific Fertility cates GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE10. Stage MH (Barly Expanding) of the Demographis Transition theory is characterized by (A) low birth rates, low death rites, slow population growth (BY high birth nates, low doath rates, rapid population growsh (C)__ high birth nates, high death rates, slow population growth (D) low birth nates, low death rates, negative population growth ts argued that developing countries remained poor because of their (A) lack of stable political smuctures (8) exploitation by rich colonial powers : (C) _ fnilure to. develop products for export (D) lack of an ideology of sooial and economic progress Modernization theory is MAINLY associated : (A) Marxists (B) — Weberians (C)_Interactioni (0) Funetionali In 2008, County X had a total population of 500 000. The total number of births for that year was 5.000. The total number of deaths for that year was 2.000. Which of the following was the crudé birth rate (CBR) for Country X in 2008? (A) 10/100 (8) 40/100 (Cc) 10/1000 (D) 40/1000 ML 12, 13. The term ‘underdevelopment’ is assoointed with ally (A) exploitation of the resources in ‘Third World countries (8) 8 lack of natural resources in devoloping countries (C)— dependeney on foreign goods and sorvices (D) dependency on government revenue Which of the following theorists is associated with the World Systems approach? (A) Lloyd Best (B) William W, Rostow (©) Andre Gunder Frank D) Immanuel Wallerstein Item 13 refers to the following table which shows the development indicators that are used to describe trends and evaluate progress in various countries. Indicator ‘Adult literacy rate [ Variable Education Social development | X Health Persons living with HIV/AIDS. Jn the table above, X represents the number of (A) people’s stondard of living (B) people who are victims of crime (C)__ people without university education (D) __ people who havoaccess to essential drugs GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE15, 16. 47. Which of the following theories drew Attention to the economic ely “01 challe al Third World countries? snsss of (A) Modernization (8) Globalization (©) Dependency (D) New Right ‘What are the implications for the Caribbean region of an ageing population? (A) A decrease in the dependent population (B) An increased demand for social services (C) A decrease in the incidence of chronic iltnesses (D) An increased demand for more schools and educational facilities Nicholas lives in a community, labelled a high crime area, where he is able to leam criminal techniques, Which of the following theorists claim that such behaviour is learned from criminals in the community? (A) - Marx and Lemert (B) Cohen and Merton (C) Becker and Lea & Young (D) Sutherland and Cloward & Ohlin Most criminologists emphasize thatin order to prevent crime, L the punishment must not occur too quickly after the crime 11, the severity of punishment must be equivalent to the crime Ill. the pain of punishment must be increased and the pleasure of crime must be decreased (A) Land Il only (B) Stand Il only (C) Hand 11 only (D) Mand UF -4- 18 19. 20. 21. Which of the folk lowing are characteris of deviance? recteristios |. Deviant acts break the law. 1. Deviance violates standards of conduct. ML, Deviant acts are subjectively interpreted. (A) Land I! only (8B) fand ti only (©) Mand 1H only (D) i Mandi Which of the following statements on juvenile offenders is MOST accurate? (A) They are sent to the same prison with adult offenders. (B) Serious juvenile offenders are predominately male. (©) Most juveniles seldom commit deviant acts alone. @) Juvenile crimes tend: to be organized. In Merton's typology of deviance, an individual who accepts culturally validated goals but finds deviant ways of achieving them is known as (A) arituatist (B) — aretreatist (C)_ apessimist (D) an innovator Ramesh ‘and Ako, two supervisors in a construction company, secretly falsify the company's documents to ensure that they get extra supplies for building their new homes, This is an exemple of (A) white collar crime (B) organized erime (C) corporate crime (D) hidden erime GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEWhite collar and corporate crimes pose 8 serious sovial: problem to Caribbean nations, yet, often remain unnoticed. Why are these types of crimes so difficult to detect? | These crimes lead to victimization which tends to be diffused. Ul, These types of crimes tend to be IU. The perpetrators of these crimes do NOt think of themselves as real criminals. IV. These crimes tendto be made up of complex and relatively technical actions. (A) Land IV only (8) t,Mand Ut only (©) 11, Wand IV only @®) 1,11, Mand iv Without crime there would be no social change in society and this would result in stagnation. Which of the following theoretical approaches is BEST reflected in this statement? (A) Marxist : (8) — Weberian (C) _ Funetionalist (D) _Interactionist Social contro! is MOST accurately defined as (A) 8 combination of internal and external factors that encourage conformity {B) ° institutional values, norms and attitudes that constrain human behaviour (C) the external factors that encourage normative behaviour (O) the internal factors that constrain human behaviour 25. 26. 27. {tem 25 refers to the following pie chart which shows the population distribution ‘of Country X. 20% between 41. and 60 years 50% under, 15 yeurs 25% between 16 and 40 years ‘The population distribution of Country X is MOST representative of (A) an ageing population (8) ayouthful population (©) adeciining population (D) _anexpanding population ‘The family acts as an agent of social contro! forall its members. Which of the following is the LEAST likely example of social control within the family? (A) Males are prepared to be breadwinners. {B) Boys are encouraged to perform domestic duties. (©) Domestic activities keep women occupied. (©) Girls are monitored more closely than boys. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an instrument of ideological control? (A) Peer group (8) Church (C) Family (0) Media GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,29, 30. Criminal behaviour among women is underreported because | police officers tend to be more lenient with women crimes committed by women tend to be petty crimes crimes committed by women are less likely to be detected ML uh (A) Land I only (8) Land Mt only (C) Wand 111 only ©) 1 Mandint Which of the following statements is associated with the Marxist theory of crime? (A) Most laws concern the protection of private property. (B) Criminal behaviour is linked to personality and intelligence. (C) Some orime is necessary for the survival of the social system. (@) Delinquent subcultures emerge when juveniles band together to form gangs. Emile Durkheim’s insight into deviance indicates that it (A) represents an alternative means of goal attainment (B) develops from anomieand produces social solidarity (C) may result from labelling by others but produces solidarity (D) _ promotes the ideology of the rich : and produces social solidarity 26: 31. 32, 33, 34, Which of the following perspectives asserts that poverty results from the failure of the State to allocate resources equitably? (A) Marxism (8) Weberianism (C) — Interactionism (D) Functionalism “Nothing can be done to improve my circumstances. | must think about where. 1 will get food for today. Tomorrow will take care of itself.” Which of the following theories describes poverty as outlined above? (A) + Culture of Poverty @®) Social Action (C) — Funetionalist (D) Marxist Which of the following perspectives asserts that poverty has many benefits to society? (A) Marxism (B)_— Wobcrianism (©) Interactionism (D) — Funetionatism Which of the following activities is NOT likely to lead to climate change? (A) Growing plants (B) Clearing forests (C) Driving to work (D) Using electrical powera 35. 36. 37. 38. According to the Culture of Poverty theory, (A) __ poverty persists because it is beneficial to certain poor and . affluent groups in society (8) poverty results from the state's inability to allocate reso equitably, ees (C) the poor take theic condition for . granted and seldom try to change (D) the poor are dependent on the welfare of the state The MOST accurate statement about the contribution of sociology to an understanding of poverty is that sociology (A) _ helps us appreciate government's tole in poverty reduction (B) helps us understand the problems in measuring poverty (C) explains why poverty persists among specific-groups (D) explains why poverty occurs among individuals Which of the following reflects a poverty alleviation policy where there is concern for equity in accessing education, health and political rights? (A) Basic needs approach (B) Human rights approach (©) Foster, Greer, Thorbecke (FOT) measure (0) Gender-related development index (Gon) ‘A poverty alleviation poliey which focuses ‘on “what is produced’, ‘in what ways’ and with ‘what impact’ is the (A)__ Sen poverty index (B) _ basic needs approach (©) human rights approsch (D) human development index (HD!) -7- 39. 40. 41. Women may be unequally dis by the experience of beng in pve Wh ch Of the following situations BEST ets women’s experience of being ir poverty? a (A) Women are more tikely to be unemployed. (8) Women are more likely to be criminelized. (C)__ Women achieve lower educational levels than men. (D) High levels of diserimi against women in society. Which of the following is an indicator of the quality of a health care system in @ particular country? (A) Crude birth rate (B) Infant mortality rate (C)__ Inward migration rate (D) Outward migration rate Indigenous people in the Caribbean are MOST likely to be subjected to, and affected by poverty. Which of the following factors contributes LEAST to this situation? (A)__ They are vietims of discrimination by governments of the region. (B) They tend to be isolated and lack proper amenities. (©) __ They usually have litle access to education. (©) Their cultures are thought to be inferior.42, 43. ®& Proper nutrition () financial stability 9 insufficient parental supervision, frequent employment opportunities . ror People derive the least benefit from 45. __ Intervention strategies to reduce poverty ' health care system because of and inequity in the Caribbean include (A) genetic factors affecting them St (B) discrimination by the middle class ' renee transfer (CCT) (©) heir diet and living conditions Il. Early childhood development (D) _, technological changes in the health (ECD) projects care system ML, Micro-credit and insurance initiatives Researchers contend that the behaviour of the poor is not culturally ingrained, (A) Tend Il only but rather is determined by ‘situational (B) Land Ili only constraints’, (C) Mend Sil only : . (OD) 1, tand fr Which of the following factors can be described as a situational constraint? . (A) Seasonal employment (B) Material deprivation (C) Cultural deprivation (D) — Underemployment END OF TEST IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST,