Module: R&W

Teacher: Fadli .N
Year and groups: 2nd year, G 1&2
2nd semester

Argumentative essay
It presents arguments about both sides of an issue, relying on evidence and facts (research) to
support the claim it is making. It could be that either sides are presented equally balanced, or it could be that
one side is presented more forcefully than the other is. It depends on the writer’s purpose and position on
the matter.
1. Types of an argumentative essay:
 The Toulmin model is the most common. It begins with an introduction, follows with a thesis/claim,
and gives data and evidence to support that claim. This style of essay also includes refutations of
counterarguments.
 The Rogerian model analyzes both sides of an argument and reaches a conclusion after weighing the
strengths and weaknesses of each.

2. Four Basics of Good Argument

1. It takes a strong and definite position.
2. It gives good reasons and supporting evidence to defend the position.
3. It considers opposing views.
4. It has enthusiasm and energy from start to finish.

3. Strategies for Arguments

 Use Tactful, courteous language: In an argument paragraph, you are attempting to persuade readers to
see the merit of your viewpoint. It is important, then, not to anger them by referring to them (Focus on
the issue you are discussing, not on the people involved in the debate.)
 Do not use rude terms.
 Stay away from over-generalization like “Everyone knows that Internet dating is dangerous.”
 Establish your credibility: through researching your topic, or using your personal experience. Also by
finding points on which people on all sides of the argument can agree.
 Provide logical support
 Acknowledge differing viewpoints: Readers are more likely to consider your point of view if you
indicate a willingness to consider theirs. One effective technique is to cite the opposing viewpoint in
your topic sentence.

The structure of the Argumentative essay:

 Of course, it depends on the type of the argumentative essay you chose.

 The thesis statement has to be clear, concise, defined and appropriately narrowed. it contains the main
argument clearly stated and without hesitation. Do not ask any questions here
 Clear and logical transitions between the introduction, body, and conclusion.
 Body paragraphs that include your arguments must be supported with factual, logical, statistical details.
 Disproving the opponent’s argument.
 Each paragraph should be limited one argument, presented in the topic sentence.
 In the conclusion, restate your thesis. It must be clear why your argument is the appealing one.