Dec. 23 1930. R. F.

HUDSON 1 ,786,207
MACHINE GUN
Filed DeC. l2, 1927 5. Sheets-Sheet Y.

si
it is
c
 Patented Dec. 23, 1930
1786,207

UNITED STATES PATENT office

ROBERT F. HUDSON, OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR, BYMESNE Assign ENTs,
To AUTOMATIC GUNS, INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAware
FACENE GUN
Application filed December 12, 1927. Serial No. 239,487.
This invention relates to improvements in for use in small to large calibers, the range
machine guns, one object of the invention so far having been undetermined, but with
being the provision of a machinegun in which possibilities from thirty caliber, the shell
the gases of explosion act to reduce the re used in small arms, up to seventy five (75)
coil, particularly after the initial movement millimeters, and the mechanism being so ar
of the projectile within the barrel, there being ranged and constructed as to be operated as s
provided novel mechanism by means of which a single shot, or any number of repeating
the forward action of the gases are utilized shots, and to be operated manually, auto
to produce this effect, the particular struc
O ture of this application being the outcome of matically or through the instrumentality of
experimentation and perfecting of the struc a machine such as the motor of an airplane,
ture as shown and described in my co-peind the same
readily being so with
synchronized constructed as toand
the propeller be
ing E; filed February 28th, 1923,- operated directly from the shaft of the
Serial No. 621,824. engine. . . . . ,- .
5 Another object of this invention is the
provision of a power-storing device adapted Another object of the present invention is
to be actuated by the gases of explosion, so of to so house the movable parts at the breech
that the cartridge is exploded and remains sand the gun so as to protect them from flying
and the like. - -- -
within the breech of the barrel for a predeter With the foregoing and other objects in
mined period before the operation of the view, the invention resides in a novel ar
power storage device takes place, the power rangement in which the gases o
storage device then operating means for of explosionof machinegunare use merely as a setting
reciprocating the breech block and during means while spring-actuated means are em
such reciprocation to eject the spent shell, re ployed as the real operating mechanism for
load apin.
firing new cartridge, and set and release the the gun, thus providing in a gun of this type
a stationary barrel gun with the least possible s
Another object of this invention is the pro recoil
vision of a motor operated synchronized may beandregulated one in which the rapidity of fire
as, for instance, from a
machine gun that is positively controlled so single shot per minute up to one thousand
as to prey. the opening of the breech in shots per minute.
case of a misfire or hangfire.
Another object of this invention is the pro In the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the com
vision of a machine gun so designed that in
the event of a hangfire or misfire the g S plete gun less the mounting or tripod. -
35 automatically halted, the firing can only be Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view
resumed by removing the hangfire shell or of the rear portion of the gun with the parts
mutilated shell, and the introduction of a in the position they assume with the car
new cartridge, thus providing a gun that tridge in the barrel and the firing pin re
does not permit the placing of a new cartridge tracted ready to be released. -
in firing position while the mutilated or Figure 3 is a section taken on the line 3-3
hangfire shell is still in the chamber. of Figure 1 with the firing pin in its rear
Another object of this invention is the pro ward position.
vision of means whereby should a spent shell Figures 4 and 4 are to be taken as a single
remain in the breech of the barrel or a car figure and illustrate the gun in longitudinal
tridge fail to explode, the gun will cease fir section with the parts in the position they as 95
ing and cannot be operated again until the sume at a midway operating position from
cartridge or damaged shell is removed from the spring that is, afer the gas-actuated
the breech of the barrel.
Another object of this invention is the pro ofpiston has started to return due to the action
the spring and showing the breach block
vision in a gun of this type especially adapted in the position as shown in Figure 3.
 s

2.
1,786,30?
Figure 5 is a section taken on- the line 5-5
of Figure 1. s of the cartridge C. The barrel, as here
Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 shown, threadedly engages the receiver at
of Figure i. 22 and is jacketed at the connecting portion
with the receiver with a jacket 23 which forms
of Figure
Figure 1.is a section taken on the line 7-7 ahouses
continuation of the rear jacket 24 which ro
Figure 8 is a section taken on the line 8-8 nism, sothethat receiver and breech block mecha
the same cannot be interfered
of Figure 1. with by dust, sand or other foreign sub
of Figure
Figure91.is a section taken on the line 9-9 have
stances. The side walls 25 of the receiver
Figure 10 is a section taken on the line sectionremovably connected thereto the lower
26 of the casing, which, in turn, is se
i0-10 of Figure 1.
Figure 11 is a horizontal section through acured in any desirable manner, but in such
the breach block showing the firing pin in the partstoaccessible.
way as be readily removed so as to render
5 forward position. -
Figure 12 is a top plan view of the breech receiverMounted within the receiver casing is the 80
block showing the firing pin in slightly re 5 and 6, block 27 which, as shown in Figures
is provided with a bore having the
tracted position. . . lateral portions 28, 29 and 30 for the recep
Figure 13 is a longitudinal sectional view tion
taken vertically through the breech block block,ofthethedetail breech block 31. This breech
showing the firing pin in the position it as shown in Figures construction 11, 12 and
of which is 85
13, will be de
sumes just after having struck the fulminat scribed in detail later on, but is mounted for
ing cap with the cartridge. reciprocatory movement within the receiver
Figure 14 is a perspective view of the firing and is guided in a straight-line movement
25 pin locking device.
Figure 15 is a horizontal sectional view from the
the breech of the barrel to and from 90
rear of the receiver, the same being pro
through the receiver showing the spent car vided with an anti-frictional pin 32 which
tridge
tion.
throwing means in a retracted posi rides in the cam groove 33 of the rotary cam
or drum 34, which,
Figure 16 is a similar view showing them in the receiver anti-frictionallyin turn, is supported with
in retracted position engaging the spent shell ing upon a bear 95
insure the expelling of the same from the rearwardly and is here shown as35provided
toreceiver. B at one end where the shaft extends
Figure 1 is a section taken on the line by with a pawl and ratchet 36 and 37 operable.
3.55 17-17 of Figure 16. means of the handle 38, which may be
Figure 18 is an enlarged sectional view means of taken as indicative, of any mechanism by 00
showing the ratchet mechanism for operat tated, as, which for
the cam drum 34 may be ro
instance, the shaft of an air.
ing the breech block operating mechanism plane'engine.
and a modified form of gas-actuated plunger. The forward shaft 39 of the drum 34 is pro
Figure 19 is a sectional view showing the
forward end of the spring-carrying barrel vided with a recess 40 and a diametrically 05
with
plunger. the modified form of a gas-actuated end of thepinshaft
disposed 41 which receives the bifurcated
42, which shaft, in turn, is
mounted at its forward end in the ball-bear
Figure 20 is a view in elevation of the
modified form of gas-actuated plunger and ing B' and carries the mutilated disk 43 which
is shown in detail in Figures 21, 22 and 23, O
the movable member of the ratchet, carried the same being provided with a groove 43',
and controlled thereby. the shoulder portion of which is adapted to
Figures 21 and 22 are perspective and plan form one member of the lock to prevent the
views of the locking
guide actuating means.
device and the cartridge rotation of the drum, as will presently ap
Figure 23 is a view illustrating the same is provided one member 44end
pear. Upon the forward
of a
of the shaft 42 5
clutch 45, said
and the cartridge guide itself. clutch 45 being carried cooperatively by the
Figure 24 is a longitudinal sectional view members 44 and 48, the member 48, as shown,
through the means for regulating the speed being provided with a spiral ratchet groove
55 of fire.
49 which, in turn, receives the lug 50 of the 120
Figure 25 is a rear end view thereof show operating
ing the mechanism for operating the same at ber 48 is provided frame or member 51. This mem
wi. with a pin 47 which fits
within a recessed end of the forward clutch
Figure 26 is a section on the line 26-26 of member 44 while its forward shaft 52 is
60 Figure 24.
Referring to the drawings, the numeral 20 ment mounted for slight sliding and rotary move 25
designates the receiver portion of the gun to is pinned in the opening 53 of the sleeve 54 which
which is attached, in any desirable manner, pin 55, as to the barrel by means of a wedge
clearly shown in Figure 4.
the fixed barrel 21, which, as shown, is pro The ratchet operated
65 vided with the breech 21 for the reception frame 51 is connected
to a shaft 58 and this shaft is mounted for 230
 1,786,207 3
sliding movement within the cylinder 57, In order to prevent a back-firing from in
which, in turn, is secured and carried by the juring the firing pin, the forward end thereof
sleeve 54 and receives for reciprocation the is grooved,
gas-actuated piston 59, the forward end of through theasopeningat 78, so that gases may escape
80 and the outlet 71 with
the member 51 being provided with the spring out injuring the parts.
propelled locking means or pin 53 which is
adapted to project through the opening 54 and bersThe85cartridge
which
ejector consists of two mem 70
are loosely mounted for slight
engage the mutilated disk 43 which, at the outward and forward movement upon the
proper time, in case of a mis-fire, will engage
O the recess 43' and thus lock the drum 34 pin and slot arrangement 83 and 84 within
against rotation. This will also take place same side grooves formed in the breech block, the
should the last shell be exploded and be with being normally held inwardly by means
drawn from the barrel. . - - of the resilient anti-frictional release 86
In order that gas may be admitted to the against the tension of the small springs 87,
5 cylinder 57 at the rear of the piston 59, there so that the rim-engaging ends 88 may be
is a small port 60 formed in the barrel and properly disposed and operated from the posi
tion as shown in Figure 11, where they are 80
leading into the bore thereof, while the port in rim-engaging position, to the position as
61 of the cylinder 57 is aligned there with. shown in Figures 12 and 16, where they are
Extending forwardly of the cylinder 57 and
20 seated therewithin is the spring-encasing shown in rim-releasing position. These mem
barrel 62 which is supported at its forward fore bers 85 are guided by the walls, and, as be
end in the sleeve or strap 63 pinned, as at 64, of thestated, the anti-frictional members 86
receiver, and are normally tensioned
to the barrel and provided with the outer outwardly, so that the same are held inward
sleeve 65 at the forward end for encasing the
25is power-storing device or spring 66, by means ly to grip the shell or be in a position to en
of which, as will presently appear, and b 15, gage the same, as shown in Figures 11 and 9)
this means only, the cam drum 34 is rotated, there, however, being, when the shell is
the ends of the barrel 62 and the sleeve 65 be seated within the breech block, a slight play
ing closed by the cap 67 provided with the cartridge, between the ends 88 and the rim R of the
30 exhaust aperture 68. so that upon the initial recession
From the foregoing description, it is evi aorslight retractive movement of the breech block,
dent that as the cartridge is exploded, gas releasetaptheis same given the rim of the cartridge
will enter the ports 60 and 61 and thus move isto thrown upon the
before the initial strain
rim to withdraw the sane
the piston 59 from the position as shown in
. 35 Figure2 forwardly to a position slightly be from the barrel, this being done due to the
yond that shown in Figure 4, compressing fact that in many cases the explosive action 00
the spring 66. This takes place during the isfractures the shell, and if a too-sudden grip
time that the cartridge has been exploded and taken with the rearward movement of the
the bullet has left the muzzle, but the shell breech block, the rim leaves the shell within
40 or case is still within the breech of the barrel. the barrel and thus renders it necessary to
The spring 66 after being fully compressed cease firing and remove the same. This also 05
is then free to through the rotary ratchet to gives a delayed extraction-to allow pressure
driver to rotate the drum 34 and thus recipro lower and release casing walls of empty
shell.
cate the breech block 31.
45 As clearly shown in Figures 11, 12 and 13, In order to provide a means to insure the
the breech block consists of a member 31 pro vice, ejection of the shell from the receiver, a de 110
vided with a bore 69 therethrough which is 17, isasemployed. clearly shown in Figures 15, 16 and
This consists of two small
slightly reduced at its forward end and open
at 79 for the projection of the fulminating casings 89 connected upon opposite sides of
50 cap-engaging end 80 of the firing pin 7, it the receiver and having mounted therein the
being provided intermediate its ends with angular-shaped plungers 90 which are spring
propelled and are acted upon by means of 5
the fixed guide sleeve 72 which receives the the
forward end of the spring mounted upon the the breech block to retract the same within
casings upon the forward movement of
firing pin and which itself at the opposite end
55 bears against the sleeve 74 which is provided the breech block, but are propelled by the
with a recess 75 to receive the pivoted lock 76 members 91 outwardly so as to assume the
and thus hold the firing pin removably within position shown in Figures 16 and 17 where 20
the bore, so that the same may be removed the above
end 92 thereof engages the spent shell C
the center line and adjacent the rim
at will for adjustment, repair and replace
3) ment. The head 77 is provided to, as will thereof simultaneously with the release of
presently appear, engage the cam projection the rim-engaging portions 88 of the cartridge 25
81 of the drum 34, a rear edge 32 engaging and extractor, thus causing the shell to be released
the head 72 and retracting it, as shown in portion thrown down through the lower open
Figure 2, to be released at a slight movement the position of the receiver with the mechanism in
5 of the drum so as to explode the cartridge. delivery to the to receive the next cartridge for
breech of the barrel. 30
 1,786,207
There is also provided a means for lock Mounted in the forward end of the barrel -
ing the firing pin with the fulminating cap 62 carrying the springs 66 is a main buffer
engaging end 79 within the breech block, as rod 103 whose forward end is guided in the
shown in Figure 12, this being accomplished apertured portion 104 and provided with a
by means of the pivoted locking member 82 head 105, which, in turn, is held rearwardly O
whose terminals 83 are pivotally connected to by means of the extra heavy spring 106, the
and bodily carried by the breech block to purpose of this being that when the plunger
cooperate with the upper wall 29 of the re 59 has been thrown forward and carries with
ceiver, which acts in opposition to the spring it the rod 58, the buffer end 101 is brought
84 to press the pivoted member 82 down into contact with the inner end of the main 5
wardly and through its peculiar cam action buffer rod 103 and the spring 106 cushions
against the end 77 to move the firingpin the final end of this blow and slightly as
sightly to the rear so that the end 79 is sists in the return of the same in conjunction
retracted within the block and, therefore, is with the springs 66. This is an alternative
5 in no danger of prematurely exploding a full construction to that shown and described in 80
minating cap, and renders it possible to make the other drawings.
the firing pin in a single element instead of Mounted in the removable end 24 of the
in two sections, as is the usual practice. receiver, which, by the way, is so disposed
In order to provide a means whereby the as to be readily slid vertically into and out
forward end of the cartridge is properly of breech-sealing position, is the casing 108
guided within the breech of the barrel, and
also to lock the mechanism in case the shell which is what I term the speed-regulating
is not extracted due to the rim being torn off device of the present gun, the same being
and the like, the guide 94 having the bullet made of two members, the rear member of
receptacle 95 and with the lateral wings 96 which 109 is provided with a bore, while the
is mounted at the rear of the breech of the member 108 is also provided with a bore that
25
is concentric there with. The buffer member
barrel within the receiver upon the guide 110 projects through the opening 107 of the
rods 97, being forced upwardly by springs receiver and into the receiver in the direct
mounted on the rods 97. The guide 94 is path of the center line of the breech block or
30 moved downwardly by the breech block when
the block is moved forwardly and lowers the bolt and below the firing pin, as particularly .95
shell guide and lever G, which is pivoted at g illustrated in Figures 2 and 4, the position in
and has its pin 94 engaging the guide 94. Figure 2 being that when the member 110
Thus, when the spent shell or hangfire car is extended to its full inward limit, while
35 tridge is still in the barrel, the guide is locked
that shown in Figure 4 shows it retracted to
its full limit.
by the same so that the locking lug 98 is in There is mounted for sliding movement
the path to engage the cooperating locking with the member 110 within the cylinder 108
lug 99 carried by the shaft 39, and thus bolt a plunger
the mechanism. It is now necessary that the bers 111, 112 which consists of the three mem
spent or mutilated shell be manually removed as to provide the and 113 connected together so
& necessary air-tight connec 05
and inasmuch as the lugs 98 and 99 are timed tion when the plunger is moved rearwardly
to engage about one-eighth of a revolution due to the retractive action of the breech
ahead of the lug 34 being engaged by the block when the same is moved rearwardly
lock t of the trigger T, it is evident that the means of the drum 34 through the action by
spring 66 when lugs 98 and 99 are released the spring 66 only. A light spring 14 ofis O
and the shell extracted or removed will ro mounted within the buffer member 110 and
tate the shaft 39 one-eighth of a revolution surrounds
before it is bolted, thus setting the gun for mounted fortheslightpin 115 which, in turn, is
rotary movement within
the next shot as the fired shot is now in a the rear cap 117 of the present device, there
5 position to be automatically moved forward being mounted within the member 109 for 15
for its seated position, as illustrated in Fig. slight sliding movement the buffer which
4 to the position as shown in Fig. 2. consists of the fiber disk 116 mounted and
As shown in Figures 18, 19 and 20, the pis carried by the plunger 117 and the cushioning
ton 59 is provided with a guide sleeve 100 spring 118. Thus, when the plunger of this
slidably mounted upon the ratchet carrying device is moved rearwardly by means of the 20
rod 58 which, at the forward end, is pro buffer rod 110, when engaged by the breech
vided with the fixed stop and buffer end 101, block under spring action, the rear end there
a spring 102 being mounted upon the rod 58 of will engage the buffer disk 116 and the
and interposed between the member 101 and spring 118 will take up the final pressure im
the plunger 59. This is provided to take the posed thereon and will give a forwardim 25
initial impact from the gas entering the cyl pulse to the breech block after being com
inder 57 and so as not to throw too great pressed and upon movement the return of
strain upon the rod 58 and tend to fracture the88S.
breech block through its spring actuated
iiie metal at its junction with the ratchet op
(35 erating member 51. . The cap 117, as shown, is provided with a 30
 1,786,207 . 5
plurality of openings 117' which, in turn, therewith the perforated gas-admitting disk
are controlled by means of the valve 119 126 and the projectile guiding tube 127. This
mounted upon the rod 115 and through the guiding
instrumentality of the burred or milled but tions 128tube for
is provided with the perfora
the SF of gas and the break
ton b may be moved to uncover any number
of said openings according to the graduated ing up of the chain of flow of the same, while 7
also attached to and carried by this sleeve
scale shown at the rear of the cap 117. as 127 is the metal spiral 129, spaced at its
shown in Figure 25, the indicating arm or edge from the casing 131 and extending the
stop 120 being carried by the button b and full length thereof, so as towithin
providethea casing
spiral
10 limited in its movements from zero to the gas-directing chamber 130
last graduation by means of the respective 131 which is connected to and carried by the 75
pins 122 and 123.
By this means it will be seen that the gun support 125, there being attached to the for
ward end of the casin 131 and also to the
ner at will can manipulate the button band
5 thus regulate the escape of air from the rear forward end of the tube 127 the perforated
of the two plungers within the fire-regulat being cap 132.discharged
Thus thefrom
gasestheof explosion after
muzzle of the 80
ing device so as to increase therapidity of fire barrel
or decrease it, the greater the opening the ber 125and entering the chamber of the mem
have two avenues of escape, one di
more rapid the closing of all the openings
20 cutting down the speed of fire to a minimum. rectly through the tube 127 which acts as a
A trigger Twith the spring actuated mem the projectile guide and through the openings in 85
bert is carried at the rear lower portion of the gases plate 126 into the spiral chamber where
the receiver, as shown in Figure 4, and is before theareescape given a retarded muffled action
through the forward disk
disposed to engage the lug 34
25 the drum 34 to lock the drum against rota
carried by 132 and through the ports 128 into the tube
127, or vice versa. - .. 90
tion when the parts assume the position as By this means, the construction or ar
shown in Figure 4 with the breech block re rangement of the spiral reduces the recoil ac
tracted to its extreme rearward position with tion
the spent cartridge expelled and with the in the gun and has a tendency in prac
30 new cartridge about to be fed. Thus the tice to pull the gun forwardly, the tube be
Spring 66 is still in a position to operate the ing fere
so constructed as to not in any way inter 95
with the marksmanship, either as to
rum 34, it being little more than one-half
compressed so that the actuation of the trig E. is thethe
obliterating sight or the occurrence of
ger T to release its membert from the lug case where the spiral is carried
35 34 will permit the continued rotation of the y the casing 131 and no sleeve as 127 is
drum 34, the feeding of the cartridge within provided. The spaces between the outer edges of
-
the
00
the barrel and the explosion thereof, the same blades of the spiral and the casing 131 pre
when released locking the drum 34 against vent the accumulation of dirt or carbon and
further rotation when the complete cycle also assist in the dissipating and braking gas
ure 4 has position
from the and to the position
. . . of . . Fig The usual sights S and S are provided 105
0.
action.
been performed.
It will be noted in this gun that the plung upon a gun of this type and are adjustable
er 59, 59' is always moved forward by gas at will.
action, thus pulling the same against the re
45 coil inertia, so that the recoil of a gun of This gun is also constructed to use either
this type is greatly decreased and, in fact, the vertical cartridge feeding magazine M 0
detachably connected in place by means of
it has been found in practice that a fifty the spring-propelled
caliber gun of this model can be mounted may be provided. Bypinmeans 133 or a belt-feed
upon a sixty-pound tripod, the usual type the ratchet-actuating member 51ofandtheitspin
50 employed with the present shaft
P
thirty
rapid fire ggun, and thatesent thirty-caliber. 53 may be manually retracted against the 5
with this thirty spring
caliber mount the initial recoil amounts to at the initial setting of the gun.
practically nil, thus providing a gun of this The peculiar formation of the cartridge
type
with, aspractically,
little recoil no recoil,
not to interfere withorthewith so extractor
marks if 85 asitsbefore stated permits
rim-engaging fingers slight
88 to 120
manship or aiming of the gun. play in the rim groove to give a slight tap
In order, however, to assist further in on the rim at the initial extraction, but this
lessening the recoil, to slightly deaden the is not all, as it has been found in practice
noise due to the explosion, and at the same that it also permits a delayed extraction of
time cover the flame expelled from the muzzle the shell or case, thus allowing the pressure 25
of the gun, the device, as particularly illus of the exploding gases to lower and release
trated in Figure 4, is connected, as at 124 the impinging of the walls of the shell against
to the forward end or muzzle of the barrel the breech of the barrel, making it much easier
5. and consists of the base member 125 provid to extract and reducing the possibility of a
ing a base chamber and having cast integral mutilated shell, as is the case when the shell 30
''.
 6 1,786,207
is extracted too soon or while under pressure upon the actuated means and the brake to re
in the breech. duce the recoil of the gun.
It will also be noted that the locking mech 2. A machine gun, including a barrel, a
anism consisting of the pin 53 and the disk receiver, a breech block reciprocatingly
43 is brought into play, due to a miss or mounted in the receiver, a spring projected
hangfire, while the locking device 98-99 is firing pin mounted in the breech block,
brought into action due to retention of a means for reciprocating the breech block,
shell or case in the breech, thus providing and cooperative means carried by the firing
two automatic locks that bolt the mechanism pin and the breech block and operated by the
O so that it is impossible for a cartridge to be receiver for slightly retracting the firing pin 75
fed or inserted in the breech of the barrel, to encase its cap engaging end during the re
until the evil is corrected by the manual ciprocation of the breech block. -
removal of the cause. This is particularly 3. A machine gun according to clain. 1,
desirable when the supersensitive nose fuse characterized by the fact that there is exter
5 cartridges are being used, for if the gun is nal means for continuously operating the 80
not immediately bolted, the next cartridge breech block actuating means independently
is forced into or against the obstruction and of or in conjunction with the power storing
damage to the gun results. device.
In the automatic halting of the mechanism 4. A machine gun, including a barrel hav
20 for any one of these causes and by either ing a breech, a tube disposed parallel there
locking mechanism, fire can be resumed only with and in communication with the bore of
by releasing either the lock 53 or 98, the re the barrel at a point approximately the
moval of the obstruction permitting the drum length of a atti beyond the cartridge
34 to rotate until halted in either event by chamber of the barrel, a spring returned
25 the lug 34' and trigger lock t. plunger mounted in the tube and operated in
From the foregoing description, taken in a forward direction by the gases of explo
connection with the drawings, it is evident sion entering said tube, and a braking device
that with a gun of this type the gases of ex at the muzzle of the barrel and upon which
plosion are used only to operate the power the gases of explosion act upon in coopera
30 storing device whose plunger, acting for tion with the piston to produce a counter re
wardly, reduces the recoil action of the gun coil action to the gun.
so as to make this gun an ideal gun for all 5. A machinegun according to claim 4, in
purposes and for airplane work narticularlv. which a buffer for the piston is mounted at
while with the addition of the device connect the outer end of the tube.
35 ed to the muzzle thereof. the recoil, after the 6. A machine gun according to claim 4, in
projectile has been started in flight. is reduced which a spring buffer for the piston is pro
to a minimum, so that a very accurate non vided. 7. A machine gun, including a barrel hav
recoil firearm of this twipe is produced.
Bv the peculiar mechanism, the present ing a cartridge chamber and a port leading
40 construction of machine gun is adapted to from the barrel at a point slightly beyond the O
all calibers from the smallest type hand-gun inner end of the cartridge chamber, a tube
to fairly large type cannon, while with the parallel with the barrel and in communica
gas driven piston the muzzle brake, regard tion therewith through said port, a sprin
less as to whether the piston compressed buffeted piston mounted in said tube to be
45 spring is employed to actuate the breech block moved forwardly by the gases of explosion,
for automatic operation, a non-recoil mech and recoil subduing means located at the
anism for larger calibre guns and cannons muzzle of the barrel for utilizing the velocity
of the gases of explosion after leaving the
is herein shown and described, it being prac muzzle
tical to use this mechanism with slight modi 8. A of the barrel. -
fication upon 1 inch to 16 inch guns, thus which an additional buffer for theclaim
machine gun according to 7, in
piston is
reducing the cost of mount manufacture, in provided. .
creasing the accuracy and speed of fire, and 9. A machinegun according to claim 7, in
increasing the life of the guns. - which an additional spring buffer for the
55 What I claim as new is:- piston is provided. 2
1. A machine gun, including a receiver, a 10. A machine gun, including a receiver,
barrel, a breech block reciprocatingly mount a barrel connected thereto, a tube parallel
ed in the receiver, means for actuating the with the barrel and in communication with
breech block, power-storing means for oper the bore of the barrel, a guide rod mounted
60 ating the actuating means, means actuated by in the tube, a sleeve carrying a piston mount
the gases of explosion for setting the power ed upon said rod and slidably mounted in
storing means, and a muzzle brake attached the tube, a spring acted upon by the piston to
to the end of barrel and acted upon by the be compressed when the piston is moved in a
emitting gases of explosion, whereby the com forward direction by the gases of explosion,
65 bined action of the gases of explosion act and a spring buffer in line with to reduce the
 1,786,207 7
jar of the guide rod and piston when pro
pelled by the gases of explosion.
11. A machine gun according to claim 10,
in which a muzzle brake is applied to the end
of the
by the gases
muzzleofofexplosion
the barrel
also.to be acted upon
12. A machine gun, including a receiver, a
barrel connected thereto, a breech block
mounted in the receiver, a cartridge extract
ing mechanism carried by the breech block,
and two oppositely disposed members mount
ed in the receiver and in the path of the
breech block for engaging a spent shell to
remove the same from the extracting mecha
15 nism.
13. A machine gun according to claim 12,
in which said members are spring projected
and are retracted by the breech block during
the time that the receiver is closed or partial
20 ly closed by the breech block.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set
my hand.
ROBERT F. HUDSON.
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