4026MAA EEC

MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY AND MATERIAL

COURSE WORK 1

NAME : MUHAMMAD WAHAJ ALI SYED

STUDENT ID: 10630538
SAMPLE ID: COV-S1-A
SAMPLE GEOMETRY:
ORIGINAL DIAMETER = 9.12mm
STRAIN GUAGE LENGTH = 50.1mm
INTRODUCTION:
The young Modules or the modules of elasticity is property that gives an idea of the stiffness and elasticity of the
body. When a certain amount of force is applied on a material is goes through the elastic deformation where this
deformation is the temporary change to material due to the stress applied on it. The stress applied should be less than
the elastic limit so that the material does not change its shape permanently and return to its original length or shape
when the applied stress is removed. The material will not come back to its original length or shape if the stress
exceeded the elastic limit of material and will be permanently deformed. It is extensively used in design Engineering.
This is because it helps the engineer to get extensive knowledge on the material they are using like how hard or stiff
the material is, the force it can bear before getting fractured or before breaking. By keeping all this on notes one can
design its mechanics properly.

The ratio of stress divided by strain is called Young Modules (Y).

YM = Stress / strain

Where Stress(F/A) is defined by the force (N) acting per unit area(m^2). The unit used for Stress is Newton meter
square (Nm^2). Strain can be defined as the change in the length of material by the original length of the material and
strain has no unit

Stress = Force / Area = F/ A Unit = Nm^2

Strain = ( L – Lo ) / Lo No unit

Where L is length after deformation and Lo is the original length of material.

PART: A

Stress-Strain

3500000

3000000

2500000
Stress(Pa)

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000

0
0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025
Strain

Young Modules = 1432279834

Ultimate tensile strength = 3137047.149

Ultimate tensile strength is the highest amount of stress material can undergo.

PART: B

Data:
Initial length = 90mm = 0.09m

Area = 1.5mm x 1.5mm

= 2.25mm = 2.25 x 10^-6 m^2

Mass = 15 Kg

Gravitation Value = 9.81 m/s^2

SOLUTION:
F=mxg

= 15 x 9.81

= 147.15 N

Stress = Force / Area

= 147.15 / 2.25 x 10^-6

= 65400000 Pa

The young modules of the material we are using is

YM of material = 1432279834 Pa

Stress = 65400000 Pa

Strain = Stress/ YM

= 65400000 / 1432279834

= 0.04566

Strain = (elongation) / Lo

0.04566 = elongation / 90

0.04566 x 90 = elongation

L = 4.1094

UTS = 3137047.149

Area = 2.25 x 10^-6 m^2

Formula:

UTS = Force / Area

Force = UTS x Area

= 3137047.149 x 2.25 x 10^-6

= 7.058 N or 0.719 kg

Conclusion/Observation:
• Weather the material is ductile or brittle (the material we used is ductile. We concluded this by observing the graph
because the material goes through the fair enough plastic deformation when external load is exceeded above the yield
point)
• The material we used in this experiment is a polymer ( we concluded this by using the value of Young modules = 1.4Gpa
that we got using the stress and strain values)
• Safe working load (Normal Working load is the load that we add to a material without having the fear of permanent
deformation that is under the yield strength or is in the elastic region. The maximum safe working load for this material is
7.058 N or 0.719 kg)
APPANDIX:
Original length Length L - L (original)
Strain Area Force Stress Young Modules
m m m m^2 N
0.0501 0.0501 0 0 0.00912 0 0
0.0501 0.050104 3.6E-06 7.19E-05 0.00912 938.615 102918.3 1432279834
0.0501 0.050111 1.06E-05 0.000212 0.00912 2765.014 303181.4 1432960955
0.0501 0.050129 2.93E-05 0.000586 0.00912 7651.907 839024.9 1432690764
0.0501 0.050161 6.06E-05 0.00121 0.00912 15803.91 1732885 1432632540
0.0501 0.05017 6.99E-05 0.001394 0.00912 18220.15 1997823 1432736267
0.0501 0.050185 8.5E-05 0.001697 0.00912 22169.22 2430836 1432594517
0.0501 0.050193 9.27E-05 0.00185 0.00912 24170.26 2650248 1432489105
0.0501 0.050286 0.000186 0.003705 0.00912 25459.67 2791630 753559736.9
0.0501 0.050555 0.000455 0.00908 0.00912 27993.11 3069420 338047790.3
0.0501 0.050602 0.000502 0.010024 0.00912 28253.26 3097945 309060421.9
0.0501 0.050905 0.000805 0.016073 0.00912 28609.87 3137047 195171882.9
0.0501 0.051001 0.000901 0.017982 0.00912 28251.73 3097777 172266847.6
0.0501 0.051036 0.000936 0.018678 0.00912 28065.12 3077316 164755785.1
0.0501 0.051102 0.001002 0.02 0.00912 27627.87 3029372 151468585.5