ZIMSEC NOVEMBER 2020

SUGGESTED MARKING GUIDE

PURE MATHEMATICS 6042/1

PAPER 1

Prepared by Tarakino Nyasha Patrick (Trockers)

0772978155/0717267175
ntarakino@gmail.com

NB: If a numerical answer cannot be given exactly, and the accuracy required is not specified
in the question, then in the case of an angle it should be given to the nearest degree, and
in other cases it should be given correct to 𝟐 significant figures.

1) 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 2 = 0
⇒ 4𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2
3 1
⇒𝑦= 𝑥+
4 2
3
⇒ 𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 =
4
Parallel lines have the same gradient
Now:
3
𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 = ; 𝑃𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 = (2; −3)
4
𝑦+3 3
⇒ =
𝑥−2 4
⇒ 4(𝑦 + 3) = 3(𝑥 − 2)
⇒ 4𝑦 + 12 = 3𝑥 − 6
⇒ 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 6 − 12 = 0
∴ 3𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 18 = 0

Page 1 of 23
2) 23𝑥−2 = 6

⇒ 𝐼𝑛(23𝑥−2 ) = 𝐼𝑛6
⇒ (3𝑥 − 2)𝐼𝑛2 = 𝐼𝑛6
𝐼𝑛6
⇒ 3𝑥 − 2 =
𝐼𝑛2
𝐼𝑛6
⇒ 3𝑥 = +2
𝐼𝑛2
1 𝐼𝑛6
⇒𝑥= ( + 2)
3 𝐼𝑛2
⇒ 𝑥 = 1.528320834
∴ 𝑥 = 1.53 (𝑡𝑜 3. 𝑠. 𝑓)

3) 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
⇒ = −2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡 ⇒ = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Now:
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= ÷
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑡
⇒ =−
𝑑𝑥 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑡
𝑑𝑦
∴ = −𝑐𝑜𝑡2𝑡
𝑑𝑥

4) Given
𝑛
1
∑ 𝑟 2 = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
6
𝑟=1

Now
50 50 9

∑ 𝑟2 = ∑ 𝑟2 − ∑ 𝑟2
𝑟=10 𝑟=1 𝑟=1
1 1
= (50)(50 + 1)(50 × 2 + 1) − (9)(9 + 1)(2 × 9 + 1)
6 6
1 1
= (50)(51)(101) − (9)(10)(19)
6 6
= 42 925 − 285
= 42 640

Page 2 of 23
 3 3
−
𝑎 2 ×𝑎4
5) (a) 3
−
𝑎 4
3 3
𝑎4−2
= 3
𝑎 −4
3
𝑎 −4
= 3
𝑎 −4
3 3
= 𝑎−4+4
= 𝑎0
= 1
1
3 −
125𝑎 3
(b) ( )
27𝑏6
1
= 1
125𝑎3 3
( )
27𝑏 6

3 27𝑏 6
=√
125𝑎3

3𝑏 2
=
5𝑎

6) 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 1 = 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⇒ 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 −2−6 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⇒𝑥+𝑦 −1−3 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⇒ (𝑦 − 3) =1−𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 − 𝑥
⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑦 − 3
𝑑𝑦 1−1
⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥,𝑦)=(1,0) 0 − 3
𝑑𝑦
⇒ =0
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥,𝑦)=(1,0)
∴ The gradient of the circle at the point (1; 0) = 0

Page 3 of 23
7) a) 𝑓(𝑥) = √3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
Now:
√3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ≡ 𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 − 𝛼)
≡ 𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 + 𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
⇒ 𝑅𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 1 and 𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 = √3
1 √3
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 =
𝑅 𝑅
So
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛼 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼 = 1
2
1 2 √3
⇒( ) +( ) =1
𝑅 𝑅
1 3
⇒ + =1
𝑅2 𝑅2
1+3
⇒ =1
𝑅2
⇒ 𝑅2 = 4
⇒ 𝑅 = √4
∴𝑅=2

Also
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
√3
(𝑅)
⇒ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼 =
1
(𝑅 )

⇒ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼 = √3
⇒ 𝛼 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√3)
𝜋
∴𝛼=
3

𝜋
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) ≡ 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑥 − )
3

Page 4 of 23
 𝜋
b) 𝑓(𝑥) ≡ 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑥 − ) for 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3𝜋
3
NB: Transformations of the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝜋
• Translation along the 𝑥-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠, moving units rightwards
3

• Stretch along the 𝑦-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠, multiplying every 𝑦-𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 by 2.

2
1

0 𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋 17𝜋
𝑥
4𝜋 11𝜋 3𝜋
−1 3 6 3 6 3 6

−2

8) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 1
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 2(2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 1) + 1
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 2 + 1
⇒ 4𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 1
−(−1) ± √(−1)2 − 4(4)(−1)
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
2(4)
1 ± √17
⇒ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 =
8
1 + √17
⇒ 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( )
8
⇒ 𝜃 = 50.17922707°; 360° − 50.17922707°
⇒ 𝜃 = 50.17922707°; 309.8207729°
⇒ 𝜃 = 50.2°; 309.8°
or
1 − √17
𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( )
8
⇒ 𝜃 = 112.9786567°; 360° − 112.9786567°°
⇒ 𝜃 = 112.9786567°; 247.0213433°
⇒ 𝜃 = 113,0°; 247.0°

∴ 𝜃 = 50.2°; 113,0°; 247.0°; 309.8

Page 5 of 23
9) Given the graph of the function 𝑓(𝑥)

𝑥
𝐵(−1; 8) 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)
𝐶(0,4)

𝐷(1; 2)

𝑥
𝐴(−2; 0) −1 0 1

(a) 2𝑓(𝑥)
• Stretch along the 𝑦-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠, multiplying every 𝑦-𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒 by 2.

𝑦
𝐵(−1; 16) 𝑦 = 2𝑓(𝑥)
𝐶(0,8)

𝐷(1; 4)

𝑥
𝐴(−2; 0) −1 0 1

(b) 𝑓(𝑥 − 3)
• Translation along the 𝑥-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠, moving 3 units rightwards

𝑦
𝐵(2; 8) 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥 − 3)
𝐶(3,4)

𝐷(4; 2)

𝑥
𝐴(1; 0) 2 3 4

Page 6 of 23
 (c) 𝑓(−𝑥)
• Reflection along the line 𝑥 = 0 or 𝑦-𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠

𝐵(1; 8)
𝐶(0,4)

𝐷(−1; 2)
𝑦 = 𝑓(−𝑥)

𝑥
−1 0 1 𝐴(2; 0)

10) (a) 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑟𝑐 = 𝑟𝜃

𝜋
= 9( )
6
3
= 𝜋 𝑐𝑚
2
1
(b) 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑃𝑂𝑄 = 2 𝑟 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
1 𝜋
= (9)2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )
2 6
81 1
= ( )
2 4
81
= 𝑐𝑚2
4

1
(c) 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 2 𝑟 2 (𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)
1 𝜋 𝜋
= (9)2 ( − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 )
2 6 6
81 𝜋 1
= ( − )
2 6 2
27 𝜋 81 1
= ( )− ( )
2 2 2 2
27 81
= ( 𝜋 − ) 𝑐𝑚2
4 4

Page 7 of 23
11) 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
⇒ 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + (−2)2 − (−2)2
⇒ 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ (𝑥 − 2)2 − 4
∗ 𝑇𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (2; −4)
∗ When 𝑥 = 0, 𝑦 = 0 and when 𝑦 = 0, 𝑥 = 0 𝑜𝑟 4

(a) The graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 2)2 − 4

𝑥
0 4

(2; −4)

(b) 𝑓(𝑥) ∈ ℝ: 𝑓(𝑥) ≥ −4

(c) (i) 𝑘 = 2 (𝑁𝐵: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦)

(ii) 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 2)2 − 4
Let 𝑥 = (𝑦 − 2)2 − 4
⇒ 𝑥 + 4 = (𝑦 − 2)2
⇒ 𝑦 − 2 = √𝑥 + 4
⇒ 𝑦 = √𝑥 + 4 + 2
∴ 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = √𝑥 + 4 + 2, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ: 𝑥 ≥ −4

12) 𝑝(𝑥) = 6𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏

(a) 𝑝(−1) = −24
⇒ 6(−1)3 − 11(−1)2 + 𝑎(−1) + 𝑏 = −24
⇒ −6 − 11 − 𝑎 + 𝑏 = −24
⇒ −17 − 𝑎 + 𝑏 = −24
⇒ −𝑎 + 𝑏 = −24 + 17
⇒ −𝑎 + 𝑏 = −7
⇒𝑎−𝑏 =7 (i)

Page 8 of 23
 Also
𝑝(1) = 0
⇒ 6(1)3 − 11(1)2 + 𝑎(1) + 𝑏 = 0
⇒ 6 − 11 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 0
⇒ −5 + 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 0
⇒𝑎+𝑏 =0+5
⇒𝑎+𝑏 =5 (ii)

Equation (i) + equation (ii):

⇒ 2𝑎 = 12
∴𝑎=6
𝑎+𝑏 =5 (ii)
⇒6+𝑏 =5
∴ 𝑏 = −1

(b) 𝑝(𝑥) = 6𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 1

6𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 1
𝑥 − 1 6𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 1
− (6𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 )
−5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 1
−(−5𝑥 2 + 5𝑥)
𝑥−1
−(𝑥 − 1)
0

⇒ 𝑝(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(6𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 1)
= (𝑥 − 1)(6𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1)
= (𝑥 − 1)[3𝑥(2𝑥 − 1) − 1(2𝑥 − 1)]
= (𝑥 − 1)(3𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 − 1)

Page 9 of 23
 (c) 𝑝(𝑥) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 1)(3𝑥 − 1)(2𝑥 − 1) = 0
1 1
∴𝑥= ; 𝑜𝑟 1
3 2

13) (a) Sketching the graphs of 𝑦 = |𝑥 2 − 2| and 𝑦 = |𝑥|

𝑦
−(𝑥 2 − 2)

−𝑥 2 𝑥
𝑥2 − 2 𝑥2 − 2
0 𝑥
−√2 √2

(b) |𝑥 2 − 2| = |𝑥|
Hence means use the graphs
⇒ −(𝑥 2 − 2) = −𝑥 or −(𝑥 2 − 2) = 𝑥
⇒ −𝑥 2 + 2 = −𝑥 or −𝑥 2 + 2 = 𝑥
⇒ 𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0 or 𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2 = 0 or 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0
⇒ 𝑥(𝑥 − 2) + 1(𝑥 − 2) = 0 or 𝑥(𝑥 + 2) − 1(𝑥 + 2) = 0
⇒ (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 2) = 0 or (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
∴ 𝑥 = −1 𝑜𝑟 2 or 𝑥 = −2𝑜𝑟 1

(c) Hence means use the graphs

𝑥 ∈ ℝ: −2 < 𝑥 < −1 ∪ 1 < 𝑥 < 2 (𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛)

14) 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and 𝑔: 𝑥 ⟶ 𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) > 10
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 > 10
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 > 0

Page 10 of 23
 ⇒ 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 8 > 0
⇒ 𝑥(𝑥 − 4) + 2(𝑥 − 4) > 0
⇒ (𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 2) > 0
⇒ The critical values are 𝑥 = −2 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 4

−2 4

𝑥 ∈ ℝ: 𝑥 < −2 ∪ 𝑥 > 4 (𝑆ℎ𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛)

(b) 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
⇒ 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + (−1)2 − (−1)2 + 2
⇒ 𝑓: 𝑥 ⟶ (𝑥 − 1)2 + 1
∴ The range is 𝑓(𝑥) ∈ ℝ: 𝑓(𝑥) ≥ 1

𝑓 has no inverse since it is not injective or it is not a one to one function.

(c) 𝑔𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥) + 3

= 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 + 3
= 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5
Now
𝑔𝑓(𝑥) = 0
⇒ 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5 = 0
So
𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−2)2 − 4(1)(5)
= 4 − 20
= 16
Since 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0 ∴ the equation 𝑔𝑓(𝑥) = 0 has no real roots.

Page 11 of 23
15) (a) Expanding
1−𝑦
.
√4 − 𝑦
1−𝑦 1−𝑦 1
= 1 = (1 − 𝑦)(4 − 𝑦)−2
√4 − 𝑦 (4 − 𝑦)2
Aside:
1 1
−
1 𝑦 −2 1
−
1 𝑦 −2
(4 − 𝑦) = 4 2 2 (1
− ) = (1 − )
4 2 4
𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 2
(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 = 1 + 𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥
2!
1 1 3
1 𝑦 −2 1 1 𝑦 (− 2) (− 2) 𝑦 2
(1 − ) = [1 + (− ) (− ) + (− ) ]
2 4 2 2 4 2×1 4

1 1 3 𝑦2
= [1 + 𝑦 + ( )]
2 8 8 16
1 1 3 2
= (1 + 𝑦 + 𝑦 )
2 8 128
1 1 3 2
= + 𝑦+ 𝑦
2 16 256

Now
1−𝑦 1 1 3 2
= (1 − 𝑦) ( + 𝑦 + 𝑦 )
√4 − 𝑦 2 16 256
1 1 3 2 1 1 2
= + 𝑦+ 𝑦 − 𝑦− 𝑦 −⋯
2 16 256 2 16
1 7 13 2
= − 𝑦− 𝑦
2 16 256

2
(b) Given 𝑦 =
5
2
1−𝑦 1−
= 5
√4 − 𝑦
√4 − 2
5
3
= 5
√18
5

Page 12 of 23
 3 5
= ×√
5 18

3 5
= ×√
5 9×2

3 1 √5
= × ×
5 3 √2

1 √5(√2)
= ×
5 √2(√2)

1 √10
= ×
5 2

√10
= (𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑)
10

2
(c) Finding √10 given that 𝑦 = 5
1−𝑦 1 7 13 2
= − 𝑦− 𝑦
√4 − 𝑦 2 16 256

√10 1 7 2 13 2 2
⇒ = − ( )− ( )
10 2 16 5 256 5

√10 507
⇒ =
10 1600

507
⇒ √10 = 10 ( )
1600

507
∴ √10 =
160

Page 13 of 23
16) (a) 𝐼𝑛(5 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 ) = 3
−2𝑥 )
⇒ 𝑒 𝐼𝑛(5+𝑒 = 𝑒3
⇒ 5 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 = 𝑒 3
⇒ 𝑒 −2𝑥 = 𝑒 3 − 5
⇒ 𝐼𝑛𝑒 −2𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛(𝑒 3 − 5)
⇒ −2𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛(𝑒 3 − 5)
1
⇒ 𝑥 = − 𝐼𝑛(𝑒 3 − 5)
2
⇒ 𝑥 = −1.356868232581
∴ 𝑥 = −1.36 (𝑡𝑜 3 𝑠. 𝑓. )

b) 𝑥 = 𝑚𝑛−𝑡
⇒ 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛(𝑚𝑛−𝑡 )
⇒ 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛(𝑚) + 𝐼𝑛(𝑛−𝑡 )
⇒ 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 𝐼𝑛(𝑚) − 𝑡𝐼𝑛(𝑛)
⇒ 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = −[𝐼𝑛(𝑛)]𝑡 + 𝐼𝑛(𝑚)
⇒ 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = 𝐼𝑛(𝑚) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑖𝑠 − 𝐼𝑛(𝑛)

𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 = −2.3

⇒ −𝐼𝑛(𝑛) = −2.3
⇒ 𝑛 = 𝑒 2.3
⇒ 𝑛 = 9.974182454815
∴ 𝑛 = 10.0 (𝑡𝑜 2 𝑠. 𝑓. )

𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 (0; 3)

⇒ 𝐼𝑛(𝑚) = 3
⇒ 𝑚 = 𝑒3
⇒ 𝑛 = 20.085536923188
∴ 𝑛 = 20 (𝑡𝑜 2 𝑠. 𝑓. )

Page 14 of 23
 𝑦
c) |𝑥 − 3| < 5

5
𝑦=5
(−𝑥 − 3) 𝑥−3
3
𝑥

Determining the critical values

−𝑥 + 3 = 5 𝑥−3=5
𝑥 = −2 𝑥=8
∴ The solution set is 𝑥 ∈ ℝ: −2 < 𝑥 < 8

17) 𝑓(𝑥) = √9 − 𝑥
(a) Let 𝑥 = √9 − 𝑦
⇒ 𝑥2 = 9 − 𝑦
⇒ 𝑦 = 9 − 𝑥2
∴ 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 9 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ: 𝑥 ≥ 0

(b) 𝑦

9 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) 𝑦=𝑥

3 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑥
0 3 9 3

(c) They reflect along the line 𝑦 = 𝑥

(d) √9 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 or 9 − 9𝑥 2 = 𝑥
𝑁𝐵: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑎𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑥
⇒ 9 − 𝑥 = 𝑥2
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 − 9 = 0
⇒ 𝑥2 + 𝑥 = 9

2
1 2 1 2
⇒𝑥 +𝑥+( ) = 9+( )
2 2
Page 15 of 23
 1 2 1
⇒ (𝑥 + ) = 9 +
2 4
1 2 37
⇒ (𝑥 + ) =
2 4

1 37
⇒𝑥+ = ±√
2 4

1 37
⇒𝑥 =− ±√
2 4

𝑁𝐵: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡

−1 + √37
∴𝑥=
2

3𝑥+4
18) (a) 𝑓(𝑥) =
(𝑥−4)(𝑥2 −8)

3𝑥 + 4
𝑓(𝑥) =
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − √8)(𝑥 + √8)
Now:
3𝑥 + 4 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
2
≡ + +
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 8) 𝑥 − 4 (𝑥 − √8) (𝑥 + √8)

𝐴(𝑥 2 − 8) + 𝐵(𝑥 + √8)(𝑥 − 4) + 𝐶(𝑥 − √8)(𝑥 − 4)

=
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + √8)(𝑥 − √8)

𝐴(𝑥 2 − 8) + 𝐵(𝑥 + √8)(𝑥 − 4) + 𝐶(𝑥 − √8)(𝑥 − 4)

=
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 2 − 8)

⇒ 𝐴(𝑥 2 − 8) + 𝐵(𝑥 + √8)(𝑥 − 4) + 𝐶(𝑥 − √8)(𝑥 − 4) = 3𝑥 + 4

When 𝑥 = 4:8𝐴 = 16 When 𝑥 = √8: 2√8(√8 − 4)𝐴 = 3√8 + 4

3√8 + 4
𝐴=2 𝐵=
16 − 8√8
(3√8 + 4)(16 + 8√8)
𝐵=
(16 − 8√8)(16 + 8√8)

Page 16 of 23
 (3√8 + 4)(16 + 8√8)
𝐵= 2
(16)2 − (8√8)

48√8 + 192 + 64 + 32√8

𝐵=
−256
256 + 80√8
𝐵=
−256
256 + 160√2
𝐵=−
256
−8 − 5√2
𝐵=
8

When 𝑥 = −√8: −2√8(−√8 − 4)𝐴 = −3√8 + 4

2√8(√8 + 4)𝐴 = −3√8 + 4
−3√8 + 4
𝐶=
16 + 8√8
(−3√8 + 4)(16 − 8√8)
𝐶=
(16 + 8√8)(16 − 8√8)
(−3√8 + 4)(16 − 8√8)
𝐶= 2
(16)2 − (8√8)

−48√8 + 192 + 64 − 32√8

𝐶=
−256
256 − 80√8
𝐶=
−256
256 − 160√2
𝐶=−
256
−8 + 5√2
𝐶=
8

−8 − 5√2 −8 + 5√2
2 8 8
⇒ 𝑓(𝑥) = + +
𝑥 − 4 (𝑥 − √8) (𝑥 + √8)

2 8 + 5√2 8 − 5√2
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) = − −
𝑥 − 4 8(𝑥 − √8) 8(𝑥 + √8)

Page 17 of 23
(b) Expanding 𝑓(𝑥):

2 8 + 5√2 8 − 5√2
𝑓(𝑥) = − −
𝑥 − 4 8(𝑥 − √8) 8(𝑥 + √8)

8 + 5√2 −1 8 − 5√2 −1
𝑓(𝑥) = 2(𝑥 − 4)−1 − (𝑥 − √8) − (𝑥 + √8)
8 8

8 + 5√2 −2 8 − 5√2 −2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −2(𝑥 − 4)−2 + (𝑥 − √8) + (𝑥 + √8)
8 8

8 + 5√2 −3 8 − 5√2 −3
𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 4(𝑥 − 4)−3 − (𝑥 − √8) − (𝑥 + √8)
4 4

24 + 15√2 −4 24 − 15√2 −4
𝑓 ′′′ (𝑥) = −12(𝑥 − 4)−4 + (𝑥 − √8) + (𝑥 + √8)
4 4

8 + 5√2 −1 8 − 5√2 −1
𝑓(0) = 2(0 − 4)−1 − (0 − √8) − (0 + √8)
8 8

2 8 + 5√2 8 − 5√2
=− + −
4 8√8 8√8

2 5√2 5√2
=− + +
4 8√8 8√8

1 5√2
=− +
2 4√8

1 5√2
=− +
2 8√2

1 5
=− +
2 8

Page 18 of 23
 1
=
8

8 + 5√2 −2 8 − 5√2 −2
𝑓 ′ (0) = −2(0 − 4)−2 + (0 − √8) + (0 + √8)
8 8

2 8 + 5√2 8 − 5√2
=− + +
16 64 64

2 8
=− +
16 32

1
=
8

8 + 5√2 −3 8 − 5√2 −3
𝑓 ′′ (0) = 4(0 − 4)−3 − (0 − √8) − (0 + √8)
4 4

4 8 + 5√2 8 − 5√2
=− + −
64 32√8 32√8

4 5√2
=− +
64 16√8

4 5√2
=− +
64 32√2

4 5
=− +
64 32

3
=
32

24 + 15√2 −4 24 − 15√2 −4
𝑓 ′′′ (0) = −12(0 − 4)−4 + (0 − √8) + (0 + √8)
4 4

12 24 + 15√2 24 − 15√2
=− + +
256 256 256

Page 19 of 23
 12 24
=− +
256 128

9
=
64

Now

𝑓 ′′ (0) 2 𝑓 ′′′ (0) 3

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(0) + 𝑓 ′ (0)𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥
2! 3!

3 9
1 1 32 2 64
𝑓(𝑥) = + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥3
8 8 2×1 3×2×1

1 1 3 3 3
𝑓(𝑥) = + 𝑥 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥
8 8 64 128

OR

3𝑥+4
(a) 𝑓(𝑥) =
(𝑥−4)(𝑥2 −8)

3𝑥 + 4
𝑓(𝑥) =
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 2 − 8)
Now:
3𝑥 + 4 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶
2
≡ + 2
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 − 8) 𝑥 − 4 𝑥 − 8

𝐴(𝑥 2 − 8) + (𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶)(𝑥 2 − 8)

=
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 2 − 8)

⇒ 𝐴(𝑥 2 − 8) + (𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶)(𝑥 − 4) = 3𝑥 + 4

When 𝑥 = 4:8𝐴 = 16
𝐴=2

Comparing coefficients of:

𝑥2: 𝐴 + 𝐵 = 0 𝑥: −4𝐵 + 𝐶 = 3
𝐵 = −𝐴 8+𝐶 = 3

Page 20 of 23
 𝐵 = −2 𝐶 = −5

2 −2𝑥 − 5
⇒ 𝑓(𝑥) = + 2
𝑥−4 𝑥 −8

2 2𝑥 + 5
∴ 𝑓(𝑥) = − 2
𝑥−4 𝑥 −8

(b) Expanding 𝑓(𝑥):

2 2𝑥 + 5
𝑓(𝑥) = − 2
𝑥−4 𝑥 −8

𝑓(𝑥) = 2(𝑥 − 4)−1 − (2𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 2 − 8)−1

Aside:

𝑛(𝑛 − 1) 2 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2) 3 𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 − 4) 4

(1 + 𝑛)𝑥 = 1 + 𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥
2! 3! 4!

−1
𝑥 −1 1 𝑥 −1
(𝑥 − 4) ≡ (−4)−1 (1 − ) ≡ − (1 − )
4 4 4

Now:

1 𝑥 −1 1 𝑥 (−1)(−2) 𝑥 2 (−1)(−2)(−3) 𝑥 3
− (1 − ) = − [1 + (−1) (− ) + (− ) + (− ) ]
4 4 4 4 2×1 4 3×2×1 4

1 1 1 2 1 3
= − [1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 ]
4 4 16 64

1 1 1 2 1
=− − 𝑥− 𝑥 − 𝑥3
4 16 64 256

Also

−1 −1
𝑥2 1 𝑥2
(𝑥 2 − 8) −1
≡ (−8)−1 (1 − ) ≡ − (1 − )
8 8 8

Now:

Page 21 of 23
 −1
1 𝑥2 1 𝑥2
− (1 − ) = − [1 + (−1) (− )]
8 8 8 8

1 1
= − [1 + 𝑥 2 ]
8 8

1 1 2
=− − 𝑥
8 64

So

𝑓(𝑥) = 2(𝑥 − 4)−1 − (2𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 2 − 8)−1

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
= 2 (− − 𝑥− 𝑥 − 𝑥 3 + ⋯ ) − (2𝑥 + 5) (− − 𝑥 +⋯)
4 16 64 256 8 64

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 5
=− − 𝑥− 𝑥 − 𝑥 3 + ⋯ − (− 𝑥 − 𝑥 3 − − 𝑥 2 + ⋯ )
2 8 32 128 4 32 8 64

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 5
=− − 𝑥− 𝑥 − 𝑥3 + 𝑥 + 𝑥3 + + 𝑥2 + ⋯
2 8 32 128 4 32 8 64

1 5 1 1 1 2 5 1 1
=− + − 𝑥+ 𝑥− 𝑥 + 𝑥2 − 𝑥3 + 𝑥3 + ⋯
2 8 8 4 32 64 128 32

1 1 3 3
= + 𝑥 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥3 + ⋯
8 8 64 128

Page 22 of 23
 Isaiah 41:10 – Tarakino N.P. (Trockers)

CONSTRUCTIVE COMMENTS ON THE FORM

OF THE PRESENTATION, INCLUDING ANY
OMISSIONS OR ERRORS, ARE WELCOME.

***BEST WISHES***

Nyasha P. Tarakino (Trockers)

+263772978155/+263717267175

ntarakino@gmail.com

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