Scalp, Face, CN VII and Parotid

gland
 Layers of the scalp

S = skin
C = connective tissue
A = aponeurosis of occipito-
Frontalis

L = loose areolar C.T.

(subaponeurotic space)

P = pericranium (periosteum)
 3) Aponeurosis layer
Epicranial
Aponeurosis
Frontal belly of
occ.front.

occipital belly
of occ.front.
4) Loose connective tissue (Subaponeurotic
space)

5)Pericranium
 NERVE SUPPLY
• Nerves in front of the auricle

• 1. Supra-trochlear (Sensory)
• 2. Supra-orbital (Sensory)

• 3. Zygomatico-temporal nerve (Sensory)

• 4.Temporal branch of the facial nerve(Motor)

• 5. Auriculo-temporal nerve (sensory)

 NERVE SUPPLY
• Nerves behind the auricle

• 1. Posterior branch of the great auricular nerve

(Sensory)

• 2. Posterior auricular branch of facial nerve(Motor)

• 3. Lesser occipital nerve(Sensory)

• 4.Greater occipital nerve(Sensory)

• 5. Third occipital nerve(sensory)

 ARTERIAL SUPPLY
• Arteries in front of the auricle

• 1. Supra-trochlear artery
• 2. Supra-orbital artery

• 3. Superficial temporal artery

 ARTERIAL SUPPLY
• Arteries behind the auricle

• 1. Posterior auricular artery

• 2. Occipital artery
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE SCALP
• 1. Supra- trochlear vein
• 2. Supra-orbital vein
• 3. Superficial temporal vein
• 4. Posterior auricular vein
• 5. Occipital vein
• 6. Emissary vein
 LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
• Anterior part of the scalp:

• Posterior part of the scalp:

 APPLIED ANATOMY

• Dangerous area of scalp. 4th layer of scalp

(loose areolar tissue)
 APPLIED ANATOMY
• . Black eye: Blood in loose areolar layer gravitates
ANATOMY OF THE FACE
 LAYERS OF THE FACE
• Skin:

• Superficial fascia:
Facial Muscles – Terminology
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
 ORBITAL GROUP
• 3 muscles: Orbicularis oculi, frontalis and corrugator supercilli
NASAL GROUP
 ORAL GROUP
• Orbicularis oris, Buccinator, Upper group, Lower group
ORBICULARIS ORIS
 BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE FACE
Supraorbital A. Superficial
temporal A.

Supratrochlear
A.

Buccal A.

Infraorbital A. Facial A.
Mental A.
 Lat.nasal a.

Sup.labial A.

Inf.labial A.

Facial A.
 Venous drainage of scalp and face
Supratrochlear V + Supraorbital V Maxillary V Sup. Temporal V +

Retromandibular V

Anterior facial V Anterior Posterior

division division
+
Post. Auricular V
Common facial vein

EJV
IJV

Brachiocephalic V Subclavian V

SVC
 Nerve supply of the face

motor
sensory

Ophthalmic div. Maxillary div. Mandibular div.

1-supratrrochlear
1-zygomaticofacial 1-mental
2-supraorbital
3-palpebral br. of lacrimal 2-zygomaticotemporal 2-buccal
4-infratrochlear 3-infraorbital 3-auriculotemporal
5-external nasal
FACE NERVE
 Nerve supply

Forehead
- Frontalis – temporal
- Procerus – temporal,
zygomatic, buccal
- Corrugator supercilii –
temporal, zygomatic,
buccal
- Orbicularis oculi – temporal,
zygomatic
 Nerve supply

Nose
- Nasalis – zygomatic,
BUCCAL
- Depressor Septi Nasi –
BUCCAL
- Levator labii superioris
alaeque nasi – BUCCAL
 Nerve supply

Lips Group 1
- Orbicularis oris – BUCCAL,
MARGINAL MANDIBULAR
- Buccinator – BUCCAL,
zygomatic
- Risorius – BUCCAL
- Levator anguli oris – BUCCAL,
zygomatic
- Depressor anguli oris –
BUCCAL, MARGINAL
MANDIBULAR
- Zygomaticus major –
ZYGOMATIC, BUCCAL
 Nerve supply

Group 2 (insert into upper

lip)
- Levator labii superioris –
BUCCAL
- Levator labii superioris
alaeque nasi – BUCCAL
- Zygomaticus minor --
BUCCAL
 Nerve supply

Group 3 (insert into lower lip)

- Depressor labii inferioris –
buccal, MARGINAL
MANDIBULAR
- Mentalis – MARGINAL
MANDIBULAR
- Platysma – marginal
mandibular, CERVICAL
 Zygomaticotemporal
Sensory supply
nerve

Supra-orbital n.
Supra trochlear n.

Lacrimal n.
Infra trochlear n.
External nasal

Infra orbital n.
Auriculotemporal n.
Buccal n.

Mental n. Zygomaticofacial n.
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
Parotid L.N.
Dangerous area of Face:
Parotid Gland
Parotid Gland
Parotid Capsule
 Relations
 Apex
 Superficial surface
 Anterior medial surface
 Posterior medial surface
 Borders
 Anterior border
 Posterior border
 Medial border
 Parotid Duct
Thick walled : 5 cm long

Runs on masseter
Runs between buccinator
Structures within Parotid Gland
 Arterial Supply
Supplied by external carotid artery
 Venous Drainage
Drains into external jugular vein
 Nerve Supply
a) General Sensory:
Auricotemporal nerve (V3)

b) Autonomic:
Parasympathetic

Sympathetic
Lymphatic Drainage
 APPLIED ANATOMY
 Parotiditis

 Parotidectomy

 Sialography