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~ ~ 3fR ~ ~ "4 ~ ~"Cf)T Plti'3l011

. cnTt{~~~, 1991 '(\5\j/N"CI?it;tvr#c: ~ f\51/f1{d it;fvr# ~, ~.fu<:r;:r


~r~ ten: t:RTc;rr 1

ffiB'c ;'1ITtn ~ - 1997, qc+Nfilc'liT ~ 3Tfq? (~) I.


~~, i"n~1993 . ~~ ~{4Trx1: ~ b~ 9:Cfi rnR ~'T~& ~ 3~c1\~ ~
x-fmc>f~~r: ~ ~ 1

wnrn, ~~ 1994 'R;IjfN~~ 4~Vlih:.', ~ ~ SlCh1rH, lll~ll'51IGI

~J)!l, ~ '$ 31'R W. ~. ljJ~ (fi4IG1), 1993, ~ j;sVI/&'? RsCf~/'1,


f~c;1Tti"ff 1:1R1~lll ID\3X1, ~ ~I

ma~";f 1
1), ·3:m \Jm' -B PI to1 f{;j m d 5Tffi -mfTrc;r ~ ~:
i

·
• xtW
~

··
• 'innc:rRf
'):~

'):~

2) .:)m \3m"4 PIkj f{;j Rsld 5Tffi ~ ~ ~:

• \~ ~ ~ et> q)""RUf ~. if ~ ~ l1P.n "4 qr;:ft 3D vmn t 3fR


xw:n~ 34R1RCfd tWlt -cnTSlqlf%d ~"4
Xffi'I1 if ~ \RT x=ra1li'~ ~
t ~ ~ ~'CR-\j.'CR ~ \jffffi ~I ~ ~ ~ 31A1 ~ -gl
\ • ~ et> ~ "4 ~ ~ WTdT % 3fR m Wtl ~'l1TcT ~·t
\
fGm-cPT ~'I(lll41 >l"'l1TcT~ t1
• ~ xv"!«11 -cnTmen- xr Xi li ~~ et> ~ # (1')-'1(- ~ ~ 'cn1 PIkj f{;j RsI Cl ~.
l:f fcr%=r fcnm VfT ~ 6':
1) !~T5f ~ af?T
2) -;tTrr ~ af?T
3) \3m q~41 ~ &f.5r
4) .1ftzT ~ ~~ ~ ~ &f.5r
45
3) 311%" ~ ~ frlA fc;j Ft! d ~ ~ 61-;fi ~:
• ~ ~: ~ ~ CfqJ' ~ crm ~ ~. cf; qJRlJf 6Tm ~I

• qlliCl,!Unll ~ cf; qJRlJf


~ qRClct1 ~I ~ ~ 6Tm
Cf>C'l«l,&q ~ '-1

~trnUT !ffl1d1t:rC ~ ~I <:rg ~ ~ ~tR CBI441R1£1l, A J'11CB'!UI


(l'W \it C'lxi Xii tf1T cm 3i RI~ CBLI\uf 3t~€:Il fTl Cl? ~ cf; qJRlJf 6Tm' ~ I
• ~ ~ ~ cm ~ q.9- ~ ~ cnm=; ~ ~I

• ~ ~ ~ -aTmtft ~ CffiUT l;ffft cm ~~ mm t I


• ,CAT cn'T 3tm~~ ~ f141qClc1l ~ 1:R ~ cm ~I
• ~ cf; ~ 1:iAT cf; «'R -B ~ ~I

1) 311%", ~ -B frlA fC:1 Ft! d ~ mfBc;r 1?Rt ~:


• ~ ~ li 1111 (~ -xr R1d RSI Xl -B 3ffi'fT ~I
• ~ ~ vIT ilwClld -xr ~ m-a- t 't1wClld ~ 31mq 1111xf1 ~
(~-~) <TT 111111 ~ (~-~ ~ -B 3mft ~I
2) 311%" \1m -B f.1 +41 fC:1 R9 d ~ mfBc;r -g)-;:ft ~:
• 'l1ffif -B ~ ~ ~ 't1~ ClI dl -xr >P1Tf~""d"~ ~,

• ~ ctT ~ 3fix 3Wl "f1TTR,'t1~qldl cf; ~ t


• iI~qld 31R cf; ~ >ml": 3~, ~, ~ 3fR ~ ~ ~I
3) 311%" \1m -B f.1 +41 fC:1 R9 d ~ mfBc;r 61-;fi ~:
• 1111~ ern -B ~ <TT~
• ~?:IT 3i f.1 f?q d ern
• ~ cf; ~ et; \1fC1 men cm 31fu '~

46
Notes
Notes

~,.-~
IGNOU/MPDD/P.O .. STI July, 2014 (Reprint)

ISBN 81-266-0899-4

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