FEMALE EXTERNAL GENITAL ORGAN

OR
PUDENDUM OR VULVA

Pudendum includes

Mons Labia Labia Clitoris Verstibule Bulbus Greater

pubis majora minora of vagina of vestibular
vestibule glands

1) Mons Pubis : It is rounded eminence present in front of pubic symphysis. It is

formed by accumulation of subcutaneous fat. It is covered with pubic hair.
2) Labia Majora : Labia majora are two thick fold of skin enclosing fat. They
form the lateral boundaries of pudendum cleft.
 Labia Majora

Outer surface Inner surface

Covered with hair Studded with large subcuraneous
glands.

Labia Majora

Anterior commissure Posterior commissure

Anterior ends are connected to Posterior ends are
Each other below mons pubis Connected by skin

 Gynocecological perineam : Area between posterior commissur & anus which

is 2.5 cm long.
Labia minora : It is two thin fold of skin.

Anteriorly Posteriorly
Each labium minus splits into two layers - Two labia minora
meet to form.
Upper layer Lower layer
Frenulum of labia
It joins corresponding It joins to form frenulum
minora.
layer of opposite side of clitoris.
- Inner surface contain
To form prepuce of
numereous sebaceous
Clitoris.
gland.

4) Clitoris : Is an erectile organ homologous with penis. It lies in anterior part

of pudendal cleft. Body of clitoris is made up of two corpora cavernosa.
Enclosed in fibrus sheath & separated by incomlete pectinoform septum.
Each corpos cavernosum is attached to the ischiopubic rami. The free end of
 clitoris is formed by a rounded tubercle, the glans clitorids, which caps the
free ends of corpora. Glans is made up of erectile tissue. The surface of
glans is highly sensitive & plays an important Role in sexual response.
5) Vestibule of the vagina : It is the space between two labia minora.
 Features :
1) Urethral orifice lies about 2.5 cm. Behind the clitoris & infront of vaginal
orifice.
2) Vaginal orifice is partly closed.

In virgin In married Women

Thin membrane called hymen Hymen is represented by rounded tags of
tissue called carunuculae hymenale
3) Greater vestibular & the orifices of the ducts of land lie each side of vaginal
orifice between the hymen & the labium minus.
4) Numerous lesser vestibular or mucous gland open on the surface of
vestibule.
5) Posterior part of vestibule between the vaginal orifice & the frenulum of
labia minora forms a shallow depression known as vestibular fossa.
6) Bulbs of vestibule : Bulbs of vestibule are two oval bodies of erectile tissue.
It corresponds to the two halves of the bulbs of the penis. Bulbs lie on either
side of the vaginal & urethral orifice. The tapering ends of the bulbs are
united in front of urethra by venous plexus called bulbar commissure.
7) Greater vestibular glands of bartholine : it is homologous with the
bulbourethral glands of cowper in male. Lise in the superficial perineal
space at the side of hymen.
 Muscles of Perineum

Superficial perineal muscles Deep

Perineal
Three types Muscles
 Muscles Origin Insertion
- Ischiocavemosus - Medical - Inserted by an
- It covers the crus surface of aponeurosis into the
Clitoridis; smaller ischial ramus sides and
in Females behind the undersurface of the
crus anterior part of the
- Posterior of crus.
perineal
membrane.

- Bulbospongiosus - Perineal body Posterior fibress, into

in females, it - Median raphe the perineal.
covers The bulb of over the bulb Membrane
vestibule and two of penis - Middle fibres
muscles are - Medial Embrace the bulb &
- Superficial surface of the Corpus spongiosum
transverse perinea root of ischial Inserted into perineal
narrow slip ramus body where it
running interlaces with other
transversally in converging muscles.
front of the anus
on either side.

Deep perineal muscles

Muscles Origin Insertion

- Sphincter urethrae it a) Superficial fibres arise They decussate
surrounds the anteriorly from transverse between the urethra &
Membrane part of perineal ligament vagina.
urethra & vagina. b) Deep fibres encircle the
membranus urethra & arise
from the facial sheath.
- Deep transverses It arises from the facial sheath of Into the perineal body.
perine a narrow slip. pudendal vessles.