Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Banana DPR
Banana DPR
1)
Detailed Project Report (DPR) duly to be signed by the applicant(s)/authorised person (in case
of legal entity) on each page with date
1
INDEX
Project at a Glance Page
1 About the Applicant /Promoter and his/her entrepreneurship 6
2 Details of benefits availed by the Applicant / Promoter 11
3 About Project -Name, Rationale, Management and Description
1. Name of Project, Activity, Objectives and expected Outcomes 14
2. Rationale / Justification for the project 15
3. Site/ Land details- RoR/ Ownership / Registration of lease/ Map etc. 16
4. Location of the Project- Identification 17
5. Current usage of land of proposed Project Area 17
6. Current infrastructure and assets possessed by the Applicant: 18
7. Lay out plan of the project 18
8. Conversion of Land Use (CLU) 18
9. Whether project site is part of production belt / cluster / hub 18
10. Rationale for the location of the project 19
11. Compliance of project site for food safety 20
12. Components / Activities of the Project with justification 21
13. Operations planning 25
14. Month wise operational chart / Implementation schedule 26
15. Backward and Forward linkages. 27
16. Manpower (Skilled & Unskilled labour etc.) availability 28
17. Employment generation 29
18. Infrastructure (Power, Fuel, Water, Plant and Machinery, 30
connectivity, Effluents treatment etc.)- Required, Already available,
Gaps and the management.
19. SWOT Analysis 31
20. Monitoring and evaluation 32
4 NHB Scheme under which the project is proposed with rationale / 33
justification.
5 Project details
5.1 Agro-climatic suitability / feasibility 35
1. Origin, introduction and distribution of crop in the said location, 35
India and in the world (briefly)
2. Agro-climatic / Horticultural zones and suitability of the crop (s) 36
3. Soil type and latest health-suitability for the crop 37
4. Water (irrigation) source, availability, Quality and suitability 38
5.2 Market viability
1. Commercial and Nutritive importance / significance, composition and 39
Uses [Nutrient profile in the form of Label]
2. Target Market (s) 40
3. Statistics: India and State: Area, Production and Productivity in the 41
District, State and India for the last 5 years
4. Clusters of the project crop in the state [District/Taluk/Block wise]. 43
5. Demand and Supply gap 44
6. Global producers- Country, Area, Production, Productivity and global 45
market share in the last available 5 years.
7. International trade and potential (for export oriented projects) 45
8. Seasonality of crop / produce and its comparison with other available 46
crop/ produce
9. Price variation of commodity in the State and nearby markets (major 47
markets)
10. Balance sheet of commodity in the State 48
11. Transportation 49
12. Value Addition scope 49
13. Central and State Government policy 49
14. Value chain in the commodity 49
15. Proposed Business strategy for Market viability 50
5.3 Financial viability
1. Due diligence status 51
2. Project Cost 51
3. Means of Finance 54
4. Investment in Horticulture 55
5. Key financial Indicators 55
6. Project Financing 56
1. Rate of Interest
2. Percentage of Term loan against total project cost
3. Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
4. Cost of Production and Profitability
5. Yield and Sales Chart
6. Proposed Balance Sheet
7. Proposed Cash flow Statement for repayment period.
8. Proposed Profit & Loss Account
9. Proposed Repayment of Term loan and Schedule
10. Break Even Analysis
11. NPV (Net Present Value)
12. Economic Rate of Return
13. Depreciation
7. Statement of Assets and liabilities 59
8. Risk Analysis and management 60
9. Farm record keeping/ Maintenance proposed 60
5.4 Land development and Crop Husbandry
5.4.1.Land development 61
5.4.2.Selection of Quality Planting Material 61
1. Recommended and popular Cultivars- varieties/hybrids, their specific 61
characteristics and yields.
2. Cultivar/Hybrid/Variety selected and Criterion adopted for selection
3. Propagation methods. 64
4. Accredited Nurseries in the area 64
5. Planting material-source, quality and Availability 64
5.4.3.Orchard / Site planning, Lay out and management
1. Planning, establishment and layout systems 66
2. Land preparation 67
3. Planting Season, planting systems and population density 68
4. Water and Nutrient management 69
5. Intercultural Operations including weed management 71
6. Plant canopy architecture management/ training and pruning 73
7. Use of Pollinators & pollinisers 74
8. Use of Plant growth regulators 75
9. Flowering& fruiting 76
10. Integrated Pest and Disease Management and Food Safety measures 77
11. Physiological disorders- causes, preventive and management 79
measures.
12. Special problems if any 80
5.4.5. Farm Structures and Mechanisation 81
1. Protective cover /structure ( if applicable) 81
2. Farm Mechanisation 81
5.4.6. Harvesting and Fruit / flower care management 82
1. Harvesting maturity [Domestic/Regional Market/Export]
2. Method/tool used for harvesting
5.5 Post-Harvest Management
1. Post-Harvest infrastructure scenario in horticulture sector in the State 84
and specially for the proposed crop / component
2. Product/ Process Flow chart 85
3. Lay out / Floor Plan of post-harvest operations 86
4. Post-harvest operations
1. Maturity Indices, Harvesting and Packaging 87
2. Pre cooling, storage and ripening of fruits 88
3. Cleaning / Washing (Plain water, disinfectant, fungicide
solution as pre-storage treatments)
4. Drying the surface moisture
5. Labelling with stickers
6. Packing and labelling
7. Pre-cooling [for export by Sea shipment]
8. Storage - Cold storage
9. Transport in Reefer van/CA Container [for export market]
10. Ripening 90
11. Transport in Reefer van [for domestic market] 91
1.10. CV / Bio-data of Applicant (s) / Promoter (s) (Authorised by legal entity) in brief: ( If
applicants are more than one, all are to provide their CV/Bio-data)
g. Current profession.
b. Horticulture
In case the project is approved for pre-IPA, the promoter / CEO/CMD should undergo a
2 Weeks (min.10 working days) project specific training programme in case of Open field
condition and protective cover (with or without PHM component) and a minimum of 1 Week
programme in case of standalone PHM component in one of the
ICAR/CAU/SAU/SHU/Research Station/Centres of Excellence/ related Central or State
Government institution/ others as found appropriate/approved by NHB.
In case of a Partnership firm/ Company / Legal person
b. Professional history of Legal entities Farmers Producer Organisations (FPOs), Self Help
Groups, Partnership/ Proprietary Firms, NGOs, Companies (as a Board of Director),
Corporations, Cooperatives, Co-operative Marketing federations/ Government
Institutions.
c. Management structure if it is a company/ firm etc depicting the position of the applicant.
3. Details of benefits availed/ proposed to be availed by the applicant- either individually
or as a member of Association of growers, Group of Farmer Growers/consumers, Farmers
Producer Organisations (FPOs), Self Help Groups, Partnership/ Proprietary Firms, NGOs,
Companies (as a Board of Director), Corporations, Cooperatives, Co-operative Marketing
federations from (i) NHB and (ii) other Ministries/ organisations of Central Government
and (iii) State Governments including NHM for Horticulture related projects.
Note: The beneficiary should be truthful. In case any information is received later on at any
stage about his/her availing of benefit which is not disclosed hereunder will entitle NHB to
reject the current proposal and recover the funds if already released.
1. Whether the proposed project proposal has been submitted for consideration under any
State Government or Central Government Scheme for financial grant? If yes give
details.
2. Whether any subsidy has been availed from the Board, other Central Govt. organisation
or State Government for the same activity on the same piece of land, khasra/ Gat/Dag/
etc., either in his / her own name individually or in the name of his/her family members
or through any legal entity in which he/she is the beneficiary either in the same location,
project. - Yes/ No. If Yes, Please provide details
Constitution Ministry/ Scheme Project Project Land Eligible Total Current status
– Organi Name / Location Survey Project subsidy/ of project-
Individually sation Activity No cost grant Operational /
or in any ( Rs.in ( Rs.in underutilised
form lakhs) lakhs) / closed
2.2. In earlier/ any other Project (s)
2.2.1. NHB: either in his / her own name individually or in the name of his / her family
members or through any legal entity in which he / she is the beneficiary either in the current
proposed project location or any other location. Whether any assistance in the form of soft loan
and subsidy has been availed earlier from the National Horticulture Board? If yes, give details
thereof
2.2.2. Central Government- Ministries / Organisations: either in his / her own name individually
or in the name of his / her family members or through any legal entity in which he / she is the
beneficiary either in the current proposed project location or any other location.
2.2.3. State Governments: either in his / her own name individually or in the name of his / her
family members or through any legal entity in which he / she is the beneficiary either in the
current proposed project location or any other location.
2.4. Please provide map of earlier / other subjects and this project- Key map of project land
showing project details and land boundary details
a. Have you ever been refused / denied subsidy claim from NHB, NHM, APEDA, NCDC,
MoFPI? If Yes please provide details of (i) Project code, (ii) Name of Applicant, (iii)
Address (iv) Project activity etc. and the reason for such refusal / denial:
b. If you were a recipient of Government subsidy, have you / your Bank/FI ever been asked
to refund the subsidy / call back ?If Yes please provide details of (i) Project code, (ii)
Name of Applicant, (iii) Address (iv) Project activity etc. and the reason for such refusal
/ denial:
Attention:
1. In case the project application is considered for Pre-IPA, the applicant shall have to enclose
No Objection Certificate from State Government that there is no duplication of funding for
the project and the applicant shall also submit self-declaration that he/she is not availing
government subsidy / grant / assistance from any other ministry.
3. About the Project, Rationale, Management and Description
No.
5 Development of Commercial Horticulture through
Production and Post-Harvest Management of
Horticulture Crops
1. Open field condition
2. Protected cover for specified crops
3. Integrated PHM
a. 3.1.Pack House
b. 3.2.Integrated Pack house
c. 3.3.Pre-cooling unit
d. 3.4. Cold Room
e. 3.5.Ripening Chamber
f. 3.6 Reefer Van
g. 3.7.Retail outlet (environmentally controlled)
4. Add on components
3.2.1. Rationale
3.2.2. Details of similar projects / crop in the neighbourhood and the District -Area,
Production, and Productivity briefly. Provide more details in Market viability chapter.
3.2.4. About Bank/ FI: Name of the Bank/FI, branch and its code identified for Term loan and
Rationale
Name of Bank/ FI
Bank/FI Branch Address
Bank/FI Branch contact Number
IFSC code
3.3. Project Site/ Land details:
1. Location Address
2. a. Survey/Khasra/ Dag/ Other No
3. b. Habitation/ Village
4. c. Gram Panchayat / Urban body
5. d. Block / Urban body
6. e. Sub-Division
7. f. District
8. g. State /UT
9. Location Longitude, Latitude& Altitude
10. Total Area of land owned (ha)
11. Total Area proposed for project (ha)
3.7. Lay out plan of the project/ Map of Farm / production/ Operations unit / project
land showing project details and land boundary details
3.9. Whether project site is part of production belt / cluster / hub? If yes, provide details of
working relations with other farmers
3.10. Rationale for the choosing the said Location for implementation of the project/
Location advantages and disadvantages
3.11. Compliance of project site for food safety
The information on soil condition and site on water logging, industrial waste and effluents.
3. Briefly explain as to how the produce will be consolidated (backward linkages) and
marketed/exported (forward linkages)
3.16. Manpower (Skilled Labour, Expertise etc.), Required, Already available, Gaps and
the management in a Year.
a)
b)
c)
1 Strengths
2 Weaknesses
3 Opportunities
4 Threats
3.20. Monitoring and evaluation of Project:
1. Applicant has to intimate the Board before effecting change of project land, crop, area, bank
etc in the proposal before claim of subsidy. (Page 121 of guidelines point 10(vi). Thus Any
change in crop or project site without prior approval of NHB shall make the component or
project, as the case may be, ineligible for getting subsidy.
2. Even the change in FI / Banker should be done with prior approval of NHB.
Conclusion: Whether project crop is recommended for the project location Yes/No
5.1.3. Soil Type and health -requirements and that of project suitability
(Not applicable to standalone PHM projects)
SOILS:
Banana is grown successfully on a wide range of soils and the soil depth and drainage
are the two soil factors important for successful banana cultivation.
Since banana is more sensitive to water logging, rich loamy soil with good drainage and
water table below one meter depth is the most ideal soil for the crop.
A soil pH of 5.5 to 8.0 is found to be optimum for bananas and plantain.
#: Provide details of Soil Test Laboratory (should be that of Agriculture Dept/Agric. Univ./
Central or State Government) where Soil is tested with contact details of Head of Laboratory/
Analyst with telephone and mobile details and web link if possible. A self-attested copy of the
laboratory results should be submitted in case project is qualified for processing for subsidy
claim.
Conclusion:
Whether project location soil is suitable for the crop / activity.
5.1.4. Water/ Irrigation water Quality -requirements and that of project suitability
#: Provide details of Laboratory (should be that of Agriculture Dept/ Agric. Univ/ Central or
State Government) where water is tested with contact details of Head of Laboratory/ Analyst
with telephone and mobile details. A self-attested copy of the laboratory results should be
submitted in case project is qualified for processing for subsidy claim.
Conclusion: Whether project location water source is suitable for the Yes / No
crop/activity
5.2. Project- Market viability of the Project
5.2.1. Commercial (and nutritive -where ever applicable) importance / significance, composition
and uses.
5.2.2. Targetted market (s): Domestic or International. In case of International market, the
applicant has to refer APEDA export requirements and should specify compliance appropriately
within the document. In case of domestic market specify the intended market briefly while more
details are provided in marketing chapter.
Source:
2. State wise picture- Top 10 producing states
2014-15 2015-16
State / UT’s Area Production Productivity Area Production Productivity
(000 Ha) (000 t) (t/ha) (000 Ha) (000 t) (t/ha)
Tamil Nadu 95.24 4147.2 43.5 95.78 4303.3 44.9
Gujarat 67.02 4324.4 64.5 64.69 4180.3 64.6
Andhra Pradesh 79.36 3487.3 43.9 74.97 3529.2 47.1
Maharashtra 74.03 4030.6 54.5 69.66 3051.7 43.8
Uttar Pradesh 42.59 1990.6 46.7 60.89 2841.3 46.7
Karnataka 102.89 2593.3 25.2 104.6 2587.5 24.7
Madhya Pradesh 27.8 1836.0 66.0 28.35 1758.1 62.0
Bihar 35.0 1535.0 43.9 34.8 1535.3 44.1
Kerala 83.98 1270.6 15.1 84.3 1283.1 15.2
West Bengal 46.6 1124.0 24.1 48.07 1172.3 24.4
Others 167.3 2882.6 17.2 180.1 2882.0 16.0
TOTAL 821.8 29221.5 35.6 846.2 29123.9 34.4
Source:
4. Project State- district wise performance in the said crop producing districts in Last Year
(Mandatory)
Area Production Productivity
District Area % of District Production % of State District Productivity Ranking
(ha) State (MT) Production (T/ha)
Area
Source:
5. Project crop in the state: Time trend of Area, Production and Productivity (Mandatory)
Source:
7. Availability of Storage facilities in the project area / District / State. Source: (Desirable Data)
5.2.4.2. Crop Agricultural Economic Zones in the State / UT, if any (Desirable)
5.2.5. A. Projections of production, productivity, targets for domestic and export market (Desirable)
India
Fruits Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Lean Season
Peak Season
Demand and Supply issues specific to project area:
Source:
Note:
5.2.11. Whether transportation infrastructure is available.
Others
Summary of Project Cost
Project Max.possible
Cost NHB support
(self-
appraisal)
3. Open field condition With add on components
Without add on
components
4. Protected Coverof NHB specified With add on components
crops Without add on
components
5. Integrated PHM
3.1.Integrated Pack House
3.2.Pack house
3.3.Pre-cooling unit
3.4. Cold Room
3.5.Ripening Chamber
3.6.Reefer Van
3.7 Retail outlet
Grand Total
NOTE:-In case of existing business / project, the promoter has to provide the audited data for
the last three years apart from estimated and projected data for covering the entire repayment
period.
5.3.6 Project Financing:
1) Rate of Interest :
13) Depreciation
5.3.13 Sensitivity analysis of the project
2. Movable Assets
Sl. No Description Model Face value Market value
1 Car/Scooter/Truck/Bus/Mobi
le phone
Total assets……............
1. Liabilities
Sl. No. Nature of the loan Name of the Date of loan Face Market value/
institution value Present value
Total liabilities…….....................
Net of assets & liabilities…….....
Risk Management
Excess production / Glut situation in
Market
Crop failure Crop insurance
Price volatility-low prices
Pests and Diseases
Natural calamities- fire, cyclone, Floods
etc.
Dwarf Cavendish (AAA): Synonyms: Basrai Dwarf, Kullan, Kabuli, Varmanakeli, Pachavazhai,
Mauritius, Moris, Bhusaval, Kuzhi vazhai, Kallu vazhai and Nila vazhai
It is one of the major commercial cultivars grown in Maharashtra, Gujarat, Bihar, West Bengal,
Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It is a short statured variety. The height of the stem is 1.0-1.2 m
with 45-50 cm girth at its base. The duration of the crop is 11 months with average bunch weight of
20 kg and it has 8-10 hands that are compactly arranged with 140-160 fruits / bunch. It is highly
susceptible to Sigatoka leaf spot diseases.
Gandevi Selection:
It is a giant mutant of ‘Dwarf Cavendish’ popularly known as ‘Hanuman’ or ‘Padarse’ and is
gaining importance in spite of its long crop duration of 15-16 months. It is medium statured with
1.80 to 2.10m height. The average bunch weight is 40 kg and has a potential up to 65 kg with 16-18
hands and 300 fruits / bunch. The length of the fruit is 18-20 cm with thick fruit skin. It invariably
needs propping to support its heavy bunches. It is highly susceptible to leaf spot diseases,
nematodes.
Rasthali (AAB): Synonyms: Silk, Mutheli, Malbhog, Martaman, Karkandu vazhai, Amruthpani
and Rasabale.
It is commercially grown in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, Bihar, Assam and
West Bengal. It is medium statured with 2.0-2.5 m height. And the crop duration is 14 to 15
months. Average bunch weight is 15 kg with 7 to 8 hands and 80-90 fruits / bunch. The length of
the fruit is 11 to 12 cm with 10.5 cm girth at the middle. The fruit skin is very thin and fruits are
very tasty with apple flavour. The pulp is firm, mealy and ivory white. Susceptible to the
physiological disorder ‘hard lumps’ (unripe tissues) and fruits easily detach at maturity and ‘fruit
splitting’ is another common physiological disorder. Highly susceptible to Panama wilt disease,
nematodes and leaf spot diseases.
Poovan (Mysore-AAB): Synonyms: Mysore, Chini Champa, Karpura Chakkarakeli and Palayankodan
It is one of the major commercial cultivars grown throughout the country. It is a hardy variety,
which can be grown on a wide range of soil and climatic conditions. It is highly amenable for
ratooning. Plant is tall and robust with a height of 2.5 to 3.0 m and the crop duration is 13–14
months. The average bunch weight is 20 kg and it has 10-13 hands with 130-180 fruits/bunch. The
bunch is medium sized with closely packed fruits and has good keeping quality. The fruits are
acidic sweet in taste with firm flesh. The fruit skin is medium thick.
It is susceptible to Sigatoka leaf spot and fairly tolerant to nematodes. The yield reduction in
Poovan plantation in the recent years is due to widespread prevalence of Banana Streak Virus and
in some places dual occurrence of Banana streak Virus and Banana Bract Mosaic Virus. It is
susceptible to the physiological disorder ‘Kottavazhai’, fruits with enlarged ovaries.
Ney Poovan (AB): Synonyms: Elakkibale, Safed velchi, Njali Poovan and Kadali
Ney Poovan is the choicest commercial cultivar in Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The
plants are slender, growing to a height of 2.75 to 3.5 m and the duration of the crop is 12-14
months. The average bunch weight is 16 kg with 11-12 hands and 145-150 fruits/bunch. Fruit is
very sweet and pulp is firm with good aroma. The fruit skin is very thin. The plant needs support
during fruiting. It is highly susceptible to Fusarium wilt, nematodes, borers and Banana Bract
Mosaic Virus.
Monthan (ABB): Synonyms: Bontha, Kanch Kela, Bankel, Batheesa, Batisa and Shaan Bale
It is a widely cultivated culinary variety throughout the country. Though it is mostly used for
culinary purposes, in North Eastern states it has dual utilities. Monthan is fairly tall and robust
plant. The duration of the crop is 12 months. The average bunch weight is 20 kg and 4-6 hands with
50 fruits / bunch. The length of the fruit is 18-20 cm and girth is 18-20 cm. Fruits are large, plumpy
and green in colour. The skin is thick. The plant is hardy and tolerant to drought. It is highly
susceptible for marginal lands and it is highly susceptible to Fusarium wilt.
Karpuravalli (ABB): Synonyms: Kostha Bontha, Boodi Bale, Kanthali, Boodida Bukkisa and Banria
It is a popular variety grown in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and other North Eastern
states where weather conditions are too extreme. It can be grown luxuriantly in medium soils. The
plant is tall and robust. The duration of the crop is 14 months. The bunch is cylindrical and average
bunch weight is 25 kg and 12 hands with 185 fruits / bunch. The length of the fruit is 12-15 cm and
girth is 12 cm. The fruits are slightly ash coated with good keeping quality. Fruits have a long shelf
life and suited for long distance transportation. The sweetish pulp is suited for the preparation of
value added products. The male bud of this variety is highly relished as vegetable and for making
other products like chutney, thokku etc. It is susceptible to wilt disease. It is well suited for drought
and salt affected areas.
List of reputed / authorised store / Nursery from where quality seeds / planting material is
planned to source in the project:
Planting material-source, quality and suitability
1. Proposed cultivar / variety/Hybrid
2. Criterion / Rationale for Selection
3. Nursery / Shop from where seeds/ Name of Nursery/ Shop:
planting material is procured/ purchased
Proprietor Name
Contact Number:
4. Warranty provided if any
5. Whether variety/ hybrid/ cultivar
registered under Section 39 (2) of The
Protection of Plant Variety and Farmers
Right Act, 2001 (PPVFR Act)
6. Authority which provides compensation Registrar General, PPV & FRA is the
to the farmers in case a registered designated officer for redressal of Public
variety does not perform as per the Grievances and can be addressed to:
claim made by the breeders. Registrar General Protection of Plant
Varieties and Farmers’ Right Authority S-2,
A Block, NASC Complex, Opp. Todapur
Village New Delhi -110012
7. Applicability of Seed Act and any State
Act on nursery/ planting material
8. Authority which provides compensation
to the farmers in case a registered
variety does not perform as per the
claim made by the breeders under Seed
Act / State Nursery Act if any
9. Parentage if known
10. Original manufacturer / Source of
planting material
11. Name of Tests with date and lab-
conducted to assure pest and disease free
ness of seeds/ propagation by the
nursery
12. Whether the planting material is
imported. If Yes, whether plant
quarantine and disease free certification
was done
5.4.3. Orchard planning Lay out and management / Sowing
** ** **
** ** ** 3.6m
As recommended by
ICAR Institute/ (Mention source of publication with date/Year)
CAU/SAU/SHU/ Others
Action taken / proposed
by the applicant
Points of Deviation if any
and justification
5.4.3.2. Land preparation including bed preparation
After the harvest of previous crop, the field should be ploughed 3-4 times and 10-15t/ha
of FYM/compost to be added during the lat plough and filed is rested for 3-4 months.
After a thorough preparatory tillage and resting of the field, pits of 30X30X30cm (TC
plants) 45 x 45 x 45cm (sucker plants) are dug and each pit is filled with 5-10 kg of
well-decomposed farmyard manure or compost before planting.
After the quarantine treatment, the suckers should be kept in shade overnight and the
planting should be taken up on the following day.
While planting, the suckers should be placed erect in the centre of the pit and the soil be
pressed firmly around the suckers.
In case of tissue cultured plants, planting during hot period should be avoided.
Life irrigation is required immediately after planting and on the next day the soil around
the plant may be pressed firmly to ensure early root emergence.
As recommended by ICAR
Institute/ CAU/SAU/SHU/Others (Mention source of publication with date/Year)
Action taken / proposed by the
applicant
Points of Deviation if any and
justification
5.4.3.3. Planting Season / time and density
b. Critical stages for Irrigation and Water required under Drip Irrigation
c. Method of Irrigation:
d. Water harvesting measures
Dated Institute
As recommended by
ICAR Institute/CAU/ (Mention source of publication with date/Year)
SAU/SHU/Others
Action taken / proposed
by the applicant
Points of Deviation if any
and justification
INTERCULTURAL OPERATIONS:
Management of daughter/side suckers:
No suckers should be allowed till the plant shoots out (flowers) and only a single healthy sucker
is allowed at the time of flowering.
At any time of the year, there should not be more than two plants per hill including the sucker.
To arrest the growth of unwanted suckers, cut back and scoop out the growing point and then
pour 1-2 ml of kerosene.
Propping of plants:
In case of tall varieties like Poovan, Monthan, Karpuravalli, Ney Poovan and Red banana and
Robusta also, bamboo or casuarinas poles are given as support to the bunches to avoid uprooting
of plants due to heavy weight of the bunch or winds.
Instead of poles, 18 gauge steel wires may also be used to support the plants as shown in the
figure.
Mulching:
Mulching is useful in conserving the soil moisture, increasing the number of feeder roots and
thereby improving the nutrient and water use efficiency, suppression of weed growth and there
by enhances the banana yields by 30-40%.
Use of black polythene mulch significantly increased the bunch weight of Robusta banana
compared to sugarcane trash and dried banana leaves and sheaths.
WEED MANAGEMENT AND INTERCULTURAL OPERATIONS:
Cultural Method:
Maintenance of weed free condition up to 6 months after planting is very critical in banana
cultivation otherwise the weed growth will significantly affect both the plant growth as well
as the fruit yield and quality.
Digging, harrowing and earthing up of the field once in 30 days is an important cultural
operation for maintaining banana plantations in good hygienic condition.
This operation is essential up to 4-5 months after planting as it facilitates better soil aeration,
improves the water holding capacity of the soil and thereby favouring better rooting activity
as well as to effectively control the weed growth.
It is always better to remove the weeds before they flower and set seeds otherwise it will be
much difficult to control the weeds at later stages of growth.
Chemical Method:
In places, where the weed growth is much abundant and difficult to control through means
and there is necessity to use chemical control of weeds, selective herbicides can be used but
with utmost care.
Diuron @ 2 kg a.i. can be used as pre emergent and it is safe to use only the hand sprayer.
In case of presence of more grasses, post emergence herbicides viz., Glyphosate @ 2 l /ha or
8-10 ml/ litre of water added with 20-30g of ammonium sulphate is sprayed for effective
control.
If necessary a second spray with spot application on the reemerging weeds as contact
herbicide is advocated for complete control of weeds till the plant canopy covers the land.
While using the post emergent herbicide, and with prescribed nozzle meant for herbicide
spraying.
When the plants are small, the chemical herbicides are sprayed only after covering the
plants safely with bamboo baskets to avoid any contact with the plants.
5.4.3.6. Plant canopy architecture management/training and pruning
Mattacking:
It is the practice of cutting the harvested pseudostem, in staggered manner in order to
facilitate re-siphoning of the nutrients from the mother corm to the developing ratoon
plant.
But in places, where the stem and corm borers are severe, the whole mother plant should
be cut in to small pieces and spread onto the surface/mulched into the soil as these banana
crop residues would add the residual nutrients and thereby improve the soil fertility
For all other commercial cultivars the following practice can be followed
The harvested fruits green life can be extended through application of GA3 (100 ppm) to extend
the pre climacteric phase. This is very important for long distance transport.
For ripening: 500-700ppm of etheral spray and allowed to ripen at 22-24 oC for application of
C2H4 gas @ 1000ppm when the pulp temperature is 14- 18oC
Several markets products are available with different combinations of above products for the
banana cultivation, however no product has formulated exclusively for banana production.
As recommended by ICAR
Institute/ CAU/SAU/SHU/Others (Mention source of publication with date/Year)
Action taken / proposed by the
applicant
Points of Deviation if any and
justification
5.4.3.9. Flowering & Fruiting
Including Problem of unfruitfulness/Growth, fruiting habits and methods for inducing
fruitfulness
As recommended by
ICAR Institute/ CAU/
SAU/SHU/ Others (Mention source of publication with date/Year)
Action taken /
proposed by the
applicant
Points of Deviation if
any and justification
5.4.3.10. Integrated Pest and Diseases Management including Biological control and Food Safety
As recommended by 1. FUNGAL DISEASES AND MANAGEMENT:
ICAR Institute/
a. FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense)
CAU/SAU/SHU
Soil drenching of 0.2 per cent Carbendazim solution around the
pseudostem at bimonthly intervals starting from five months after
planting
Soil application of powder formulation of biocontrol agents such as
Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens @25 g for 4 times once
at planting in the pit and again at 3rd, 5th and 7th month after planting mixed
with well decomposed compost around the plants.
d. PEDUNCLE ROT:
Management:
Prophylactic spraying of the peduncle with Carbendazim at 0.1%
immediately after shoot emergence and
Covering the peduncle with polythene or polypropylene sleeves or leaves to
protect it from the sun scorching
Residue Analysis: Address and contact details of NABL approved laboratory proposed for
testing pesticide residue:
5.4.3.11. Physiological disorders- causes, preventive and management measures.
As recommended by ICAR
Institute/ CAU/SAU / SHU (Mention source of publication with date/Year)
Action taken / proposed by the
applicant
Points of Deviation if any and
justification
5.4.3.12. Special problems if any
Plant & Machinery proposed to be used or procured on outsourcing and on his own
Technical Standards
NHB Technical Standards based Proposal / action taken by Points of deviation and
on the type of protected structure applicant justification
5.4.6. Harvesting and Fruit / Flower care management
State/UT Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
District/ Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Production
area
5.4.6.5. Expected Yield / Acre and for the project area in a Year:
The yield varies depending on variable factors such as, the variety, soil fertility and
fertilization practices followed and adoption of improved production technologies of
high density planting, drip irrigation and fertigation, timely and effective weed
management and the type of cultivation i.e., mono cropping or inter cropping etc.,
The yield of the marketable fruits varies from
i. 15-20 t/ha in the mixed crop plantations or neglected plantations
ii. 100-120 t/ha in the well maintained plantations.
5.5. Post-Harvest Management
5.5.1. Post-Harvest infrastructure scenario in horticulture sector in the State and specially for the
proposed crop / component
5.5.2. Product / Process Flow chart- Illustrative (It should be crop and project specific)
FLOW CHART FOR BETTER POST HARVEST HANDLING OF BANANAS AND PLANTAIN
Select uniform bunches having 75-80% maturity and carefully harvest them
Wash hands in a tank of clean water to remove latex and dirt from the surface
Wash in another tank having permitted antifungal solution like thiabendazole or Benlate or
Benomyl (500 ppm)
Store in cold stores at air port or sea port if there is a delay in air lifting or
Source: http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y4358e/y4358e04.htm#bm04.6
5.5.3. Lay out/ Floor Plan of Post-harvest operations
The postharvest life of fruit starts from the time it is cut from the mother plant. Banana being a
climacteric fruit is highly perishable and has got a short shelf life after harvesting. The post harvest
losses are high (to the tune of 22-30%) due to faulty handling adopted by farmers, traders and
retailers. Mishandling of fruit not only leads to post harvest losses but also reduces the appearance
of the fruits and its cosmetic value. Therefore, in order to reduce the postharvest losses and to
enhance the shelf life, it is essential to adopt scientific technologies of postharvest handling of fruits.
Maturity Indices:
Several parameters have been suggested for determining the maturity of banana fruits on the
basis of their external appearance and chemical constituents at the time of harvest. These indices
also differ considerably among different varieties and even strains of fruits. Some of the indices
used in different parts of the world are as follows:
1. Age after shoot/ flower emergence: It takes 90 to 140 days depends on variety and prevailing
climatic conditions.
2. Angularity of the fingers: The disappearance of the angularity (prominent edge) of the fruits
attaining the maturity is the criteria for most of the varieties in banana.
3. Diameter and Length of fingers (Caliper grade): Both the parameters increase towards the maturity of
the fruits. Finger with minimum of 14 cm length and 2.7 cm diameter is suitable for export.
4. Heat Units: It is measured in degree days. The fruits attaining maturity upon accumulation of
about 1200 to 1500 degree days, depends on cultivar and climatic conditions.
The stage of maturity is of prime importance which depends on whether the fruit is meant for
long distance transport or local consumption.
Bananas to be marketed locally can be harvested at a higher maturity stage than those to be
transported for long distance markets.
Generally fully mature bunches (90-95%) are harvested for domestic market where fruits are
ripened and consumed within a week.
For regional markets where it takes about 2 weeks, the fruits have to be harvested at 85%
maturity with fairly defined angles.
For long distance transportation and export, the harvesting is done at 75% maturity where the
fruits have well defined angles.
Packaging:
First, the hands are graded based on size and quality and then packed in layers in special
ventilated cartons with plastic (PUF) padding to minimize bruising.
Pre-cooling:
Rapid cooling after harvest is generally referred to as pre-cooling and particularly benefits
rapidly respiring fruits like Mango, banana, etc.
Pre-cooling is essential as refrigerated ships, land vehicles and containers are not designed to
handle the full load of field heat but are designed to merely maintain pre-cooled produce at the
selected carriage temperature.
Out of various methods of pre-cooling, air cooling is widely practiced in banana. Banana after
packaging in carton should be pre-cooled in pre-cooling chambers till the core temperature of
banana attained the storage temperature (13-14oC).
Care should be taken to ensure that pre-cooling should be done gradually for a period of 4-6
hours to avoid internal damage of the tissue.
Pre-cooling or storage below 13oC predisposes the banana fruit to chilling injury. Generally, pre-
cooling is not adopted for banana.
Storage:
Storage life of banana can be extended by packaging in sealed polyethylene bags with ethylene
absorbent. The objective of using polyethylene bags is to maintain high humidity and create a
modified atmosphere around the produce in the package.
Since, banana fruits releases a high level of ethylene, inclusion of an ethylene-absorbing
compound such as potassium permanganate on an inert carrier in the package can reduce
accumulation of ethylene gas considerably.
Harvesting of bunches at 75 – 80% maturity, storage at low temperature, modified atmosphere
storage, packaging in film bags of 400 gauge thickness to create modified atmosphere, pre-
treatments with fungicides and chemicals and coating the skin with waxes are some of the
methods highly useful in extending the storage life of bananas up to two to three months.
Integration of postharvest treatments like harvesting at 75% maturity, de-handing of bunches,
benomyl dip at 500 ppm, heat-shock treatment at 46-51 oC, and storage at 13.5oC in sealed
polybags of 400 gauge thickness with ethylene scrubber can extend the shelf-life of green
bananas up to two to three months, depends on cultivar.
Ripening of fruits
Ripening is a dramatic event in the life of a fruit during which structure and composition of
unripe fruit is so altered that it becomes acceptable to eat. Ripening marks the completion of
development of a fruit and the commencement of senescence and it is normally an irreversible event.
Ripening with ethylene gas is approved for post-harvest use on fruits crops for enhancing
ripening. This technique provides a safe and effective method of ripening of fruits compared to
the conventional technique of using calcium carbide.
Calcium carbide is harmful to human health and its use for ripening of fruits is banned in India
under section 44-AA of PFA rules 1954 (FSSAI). In this technique, the fruits are exposed to low
level of ethylene gas (100 ppm) in an air-tight ripening chamber for 24 to 48 hours so as to
induce ripening.
The most important thing in this technique is temperature and relative humidity control inside
the ripening chamber, which should range between 15-25 0C and 90-95% relative humidity,
depending upon the fruit type.
1. Sorting and grading including manual/mechanised; model/make, capacity and protocols.
Activity Recommended Proposed practice Remarks
http://apeda.gov.in/apedawebsite/six_head_product/FFV.htm)
10. Ripening
Note: In case the project includes any of the post-harvest infrastructure units. Only the relevant
details and data sheet should be part of the DPR.
5.5.5.1. Integrated Pack house:
1. Rationale for the proposal
2. Stages / process flow chart.
3. Raw Material:
a. Types/ Quality of raw material- Grades/ Specifications
b. Raw material availability and procurement: Details of own production if any and local
production annually with 5 years data with future projections. Markets and farm areas
of procurement and reliability.
c. Quality control/ assurance /testing
4. Pack house/ Sorting and Grading unit:
a. Existing number of units, available capacity and utilisation in the project block, district and
the State.
b. Products and services and projections.
c. Statutory requirements / licensing details if any.
5. Products, Bi products and services
a. Various products – Quality, specifications etc.
b. Annual output for the last 3 years in the project block, district and state.
c. Projections for 7 years.
d. Packing and labelling
6. Market :
a. Quality grades/ specifications/ kinds of products
b. Demand and Supply data for the products and services.
c. Business model for the unit.
7. Source of Technology
8. Pack house unit: Type and Lay out (show the drawing)
9. Technical standards-Civil infrastructure and Plant and Machinery, accessories: Refer NHB
guidelines on Technical Standards
(Proposed Design, layout and Photographic evidence certified by chartered engineer is required to
be submitted in case the project is considered for processing)
10. Protocols
Activity Recommended Proposed practice Remarks
11. Compliance to relevant BIS code and standards- Electrical, Mechanical- Yes/No.
6. Market :
a. Quality grades/ specifications/ kinds of products
b. Demand and Supply data for the products and services.
c. Business model for the unit.
7. Source of Technology
8. Pack house unit: Type and Lay out (show the drawing)
9. Technical standards-Civil infrastructure and Plant and Machinery, accessories: Refer NHB
guidelines on Technical Standards
10. (Proposed Design, layout and Photographic evidence certified by charter engineer is required to
be submitted in case the project is considered for processing)
12. Compliance to relevant BIS code and standards- Electrical, Mechanical- Yes/No.
Data sheet.
5.5.5.3. Pre-cooling unit
15. Protocols
Activity Recommended Proposed practice Remarks
1. Introduction
2. Rationale for the proposal
3. Product / Process flow chart.
4. Produce / Raw Material:
a. Types/ Quality of raw material- Grades/ Specifications
b. Raw material availability and procurement: Details of own production if any and local
production annually with 5 years data with future projections. Markets and farm areas
of procurement and reliability.
c. Produce/ Raw material quality and assurance testing
5. Enterprise:
a. Existing number of units, available capacity and utilisation in the project block,
district and the State.
b. Products and services and projections.
c. Statutory requirements / licensing details if any.
6. Market :
a. Quality grades/ specifications/ kinds of products
b. Demand and Supply data for the products and services.
c. Business model for the unit.
7. Source of Technology
8. Civil infrastructure, Plant and Machinery. Design, layout and Photographic evidence certified by
chartered engineer is required to be submitted in case the project is considered for processing.
1. Introduction:
15. Civil infrastructure, Plant and Machinery. Design, layout and Photographic evidence certified
by chartered engineer is required to be submitted in case the project is considered for
processing.
Road connectivity
Rail connectivity
Air connectivity
a. Pre-harvest contract
b. On Farm Marketing
c. Retail Marketing
d. Wholesale marketing
e. Online Marketing
f. Exports
Potential for the processing of crop produce / commodity and facilities / infrastructure available
6.1. Research Institute (s) [ICAR/CAU/SAU/SHU etc.] providing / from which technical details
are ascertained
6.2. Experts-whose services are availed -Crop expert / Subject Matter Specialist (SMS) and
other experts consulted DPR preparation.
Crop Expert Name of Horticulturist/ Crop Expert
(Mandatory) Current profession:
Educational Qualification and
University passed out
Registration Number if any
Permanent Address:
Contact Number:
Hi Tech Expert Name of Expert
(Desirable) Current profession:
Educational Qualification and
University passed out
Registration Number if any
Permanent Address:
Contact Number:
Post-Harvest Name of PHM Expert Dr. K.N. SHIVA?
Management Expert
(Desirable) Current profession: Principal Scientist
Educational Qualification and Ph.D. from IARI. New Delhi
University passed out
Registration Number if any
Permanent Address: # 52/3, Madha Kovil Street,
Ganesapuram,
Namakkal – 637 001Tamil Nadu
Contact Number: 9965726699 / 8072649027
Cold storage / Infra Name of Expert
Expert / Charter
Engineer
(Desirable) Current profession:
Educational Qualification and
University passed out
Registration Number if any
Permanent Address:
Contact Number:
Market Expert Name of Expert
(Desirable) Current profession:
Educational Qualification and
University passed out
Registration Number if any
Permanent Address:
Contact Number:
Project Finance Name of Expert
(Mandatory) Current profession:
Educational Qualification and
University passed out
Registration Number if any
Permanent Address:
Contact Number:
6.3. Agri-Horti Business Incubators
I have read and understood the latest NHB Schemes operational guidelines and made the
applicant understand the same.
The technical information provided in the Detail Project Report are as recommended by ICAR/
State Agriculture / Horticulture University/ …….Research Institute as published in their
publication…………./ genuine website……………….
Certified that the information/contents as above furnished by me/us in the application are true to
the best of my/our knowledge & belief and nothing material has been concealed.
Place Signature
Date Designation and Seal
11.2. Declaration by Project Finance Expert (Chartered accountant)
(if the Market viability and Financial Viability chapters are prepared by the Project Finance
Expert and not done by the applicant on his/her own)
I have read and understood the latest NHB Schemes operational guidelines and made the
applicant understand the same.
The Financial and Market viability as provided in the Detail Project Report is true to the best of
my knowledge.
Certified that the information/contents as above furnished by me/us in the application are true to
the best of my/our knowledge & belief and nothing material has been concealed.
Place Signature
Date Designation and Seal
12. Self-Declaration by applicant
1. I have read and understood the latest NHB Schemes operational guidelines including
conditions, norms and pattern of assistance.
2. The information provided in the Detail Project Report is true to my knowledge.
3. In case the details provided by me viz., (i) my personal details, land, previous benefits
availed by me from either Central or State Government if proved false at any stage NHB is
entitled to recoverany subsidy if any released by it from me.
4. I have personally ascertained technical details of the projector or I have availed the services
of a competent Horticulturist for technical details and viability. Accordingly declaration is
provided herewith.
5. I have personally ascertained Financial and Market viability of the project or I have availed
the services of a competent Project Finance expert for the requisite project finance details
and project viability. Accordingly declaration is provided herewith.
6. In case the project is approved for pre-IPA, I shall undergo a 2 Weeks (min.10 working
days) training programme in case of Open field condition and protective cover (with or
without PHM component) and a minimum of 1 Week programme in case of standalone
PHM component at my own expenses in one of the ICAR/CAU/SAU/SHU/ Research
Station/ Centres of Excellence/ related Central or State Government institution/ others as
found appropriate / approved by NHB.
7. I shall adopt scientific package of practices / technology and maintain proper farm accounts.
8. The project is technically feasible and economically viable and is bankable.
9. In case the project application is considered for application processing, I am bound to
submit all required / requisite mandatory documents to establish veracity of my DPR and
eligibility to claim subsidy under NHB Schemes in the form prescribed within 3 months of
any such intimation from NHB for according In principle approval (IPA). Else I
acknowledge that my application stands vacated and rejected by default of my omission.
10. Incomplete/ NPA projects and default cases shall not be eligible for subsidy.
11. In case the project is approved for subsidy claim I shall undertake a MOU with NHB to
comply with all the terms and conditions of the scheme guidelines as effective on the date of
subsidy claim approval and any other condition/ advisory in the interest of projects success
and sustainability.
Date
Location:
Annexure: Proposed Stages in NHB Scheme Implementation