Surface

inclined to the
plane of
projection-
To obtain true
shape & size of
inclined
surface, an
addl. plane of
projection
parallel to the
inclined
surface is used-
(Aux.Plane).
AUXILIARY VIEW
The oblique surface is formed by lines connected in the same order and sense if visible.
 Front Aux. View-
When the
projector lines
for drawing Aux.
view are drawn
starting from
Front View

FRONT AUXILIARY VIEW

 1 2
A

1 2 2 2
1 1
A A A
3 3
3

OBLIQUE SURFACE ‘A’ 2

- Will appear as an
area in all the Principal A
3
Views 1
OBLIQUE SURFACE
The oblique surface is formed by lines connected
in the same order and sense if visible.
 B

AUXILIARY SURFACE
Auxiliary surface appears as an edge in one
view and as areas of similar shape in the other two.
 CORRECT

PLACING AND ORIENTATION OF VIEWS

INCORRECT (WRONG ORIENTATION)
INCORRECT (WRONG PLACING)
ELIMINATION OF UNNECESSARY VIEWS
A third view may be necessary for the
objects shown
 Inadequate Adequate
Two views are sufficient
 Coincident lines are caused by the
existence of features of identical size
or position one behind the other.

The order of precedence of

various line types:
1. FULL LINE
2. DOTTED (HIDDEN) LINE
Precedence of lines ( study ) 3. CENTRE LINE
4. BREAK LINES
5. DIMENSION & EXTENSION
LINES
6. HATCHING LINES
Dashed and centre line techniques
Dashed and centre line
techniques
Dashed and centre line
techniques
Representation of holes
Align ribs, lugs and holes for symmetry
Conventional fillets, rounds, run-outs and non-existent edges
 Aligned views

Conventional fillets, rounds,

run-outs and non-existent
edges
Conventional intersection (small difference)
 Conventional
intersection (small
difference)
True intersection (major difference)
IDENTIFICATION OF SURFACES
THANK YOU