Pengertian dan tujuan teks

Teks Descriptive adalah teks yang menjelaskan tetang orang, tempat, binatang atau
benda tertentu secara spesifik. Jenis teks ini merupakan satu dari lima Genre text yang
diajarkan di SMP maupun MTs.

Teks deskriptif tentang Borobudur 

Struktur Teks Descriptif (generic structure)

1. Identification
Berisi tentang identifikasi sesuatu yang akan menjadi objek(Orang, tempat, hewan,
benda tertentu) yang dideskripsikan/dijelaskan

2. Description
Berisi penjelasan/deskripsi rinci mengenai objek yang dijelaskan meliputi: bagian,
kualitas, dan karakteristik/cirri-cirinya.

Ciri-ciri kebahasaan:
1. Menjelaskan sesuatu yang spesifik/khusus
2. Menggunakan simple present tense
3. menggunakan kata kerja attributive: has/has dan identifying:is, are.

Contoh Descriptive text

Borobudur

Identification
Borobudur is a Hindu-Buddhist temple. It was built during the ninth century by the
syailendra Dynasty of ancient Mataram Kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang,
Central Java, Indonesia.

Description
It is well-known all over the world for its construction, influenced by the Gupta
architecture of India. The temple is constructed on a hill 46 m high and consist of eight
level terraces. The first five terraces are squared and surrounded by walls adorned with
Buddhist sculpture and reliefs. The upper three are circular. Each of them circled by bell
called Stupa.

Description

The distance from the base to the top extends through some 4.8 km of passages and
stairways. The design of Borobudur which symbolizes the structure of the universe, is
similar to temple in Angkor. 

Descriptive text

Descriptive text adalah teks yang mendeskripskan tentang sesuatu secara khusus bisa berupa orang,
binatang,

benda ataupun tempat. (To describe something , it can be person, animal, thing or places in
particular way)

Struktur Teks Deskriptif:

1 Identification : Identifikasi sesuatu yang akan dideskripsikan/dijelaskan.

(Orang, binatang, benda atau tempat-tempat tertentu)

2 Description : Deskripsi atau penjelasan objek dari segi fisik, bagian-bagian

tertentu, dan karakteristiknya atau kebiasaannya.

Ciri kebahasaan:

- Menggunakan Simple Present tense

- Mejelaskan sesuatu secara spesifik/khusus (particular)

- Menggunakan attributive: has/have dan identifying: is, are.

Contoh Teks Deskriptif sederhana:

Contoh 1 (person)

Aunt Dina is very healthy. She is rarely sick. She is married and has two children. She is more than 40
years old,

but her skin is smooth and her face always looks young and beautiful. Oh ya, she exercises almost
everyday. She

works at a bank. It is almost 2 kms from her home. She has a motorcycle, but she goes to work on
foot.

(Tante Dina adalah orang yang sangat sehat. Dia jarang sakit. Dia sudah menikah dan memiliki dua
anak. Dia
berumur lebih dari 40 tahun, tetapi kulitnya halus dan wajahnya selalu terlihat muda dan cantik. Dia
hampir

selalu berolahraga setiap hari. Dia bekerja di sebuah bank. Tempat kerjanya jaraknya hampir 2 km
dari

rumahnya. Dia memiliki sepeda motor tetapi dia lebih suka berangkat kerja jalan kaki.)

Contoh 2 (Animal)

I love my cat, Manis. She makes me happy. When I tickle her, she rolls around and taps her paws on
my hand. I

like the feeling. She has three colors, white, yellow, and black. She often lies on my feet when I study
or watch

TV. Sometimes she sleeps in my bed with me, on my feet. It feels warm.

(Saya menyayangi kucing saya, Si Manis. Dia membuat saya senang. Ketika saya menggelitikinya, dia
berguling-

guling dan menempelkan kakinya pada tangan saya. Saya suka rasanya. Dia memiliki tiga warna,
yaitu putih,

kuning, dan hitam. Dia selalu berbaring pada kaki saya ketika saya sedang belajar atau menonton
televisi.

Kadang-kadang dia tidur di tempat tidur saya, pada kaki saya. Rasanya hangat.)

Contoh 3 (Place)

There is a lake near my hometown. It’s very large and panoramic. The forest around the lake is very
green and

cool. But, I want to say some sad things about it. It is very dirty and the foods and drinks are very
expensive.

People litter everywhere because there are not many garbage bins there. The vendors leave their
waste

everywhere. Some wooden benches are broken, so we cannot sit on them.

(Ada sebuah danau dekat dengan kota saya. Danaunya luas dan indah. Hutan di sekitar danau sangat
hijau dan

sejuk. Tetapi saya ingin bilang sesuatu yang menyedihkan tentang danau itu. Sekarang danau itu
kotor. Makanan

dan minuman harganya sangat mahal. Banyak orang yang membuang sampah sembarangan karena
tidak ada
banyak tempat sampah di sana. Para pedagang meninggalkan sampah dimana-mana. Beberapa
bangku rusak

sehingga kita tidak dapat duduk di sana.)

Contoh 4 (Thing)

I’m proud of Indonesia

Indonesia is a big country. It is between two continents, Asia and Australia, and between two
oceans, the Pacific

ocean and the Indian Ocean. It is the largest archipelago in the world. There are more than 17
thousand islands in

Indonesia.

There are many seas in Indonesia, the Java Sea, the Bali Sea, the Arafuru Sea, the Banda Sea, the
Timor Sea, and

many others. We also have many straits, like the Sunda Strait, between Java and Sumatra, the Bali
Strait between

Bali and Lombok, and many others.

We have a lot of islands. The big ones are Papua, Kalimantan, Sumatera, Sulawesi, and Java. Of the
five islands,

Java is the smallest, but it is the most populated one. We can find people from around Indonesia.

Indonesia also has many mountains. Many of them are still active and can erupt any time. We call
them volcanoes,

like Sinabung and Marapi in Sumatra, Merapi in Java, and Lokon in South Sulawesi. When they erupt
they bring

out very hot lava from inside the earth.

Indonesia is on the equator. It is a tropical country. The sun shines brightly everyday, so it is mostly
hot. It has

two seasons, the rainy season, and the dry season. The land is very fertile. Farmers grow many kinds
of vegetables

and fruits. They also grow coconuts.Indonesian people eat a lot of vegetables like spinach, carrots,
long beans, egg

plants, cabbages, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, garlic, chillies, , kangkung and many others.

We also grow many kinds of fruit. We call them local fruits, like guavas, bananas, rambutans,
durians,
mangosteens, soursops, papayas, pineapples, and salak. Some people call it a snake fruit. They are
all very nice,

sweet, and juicy. We eat them fresh. We also make delicious juice of them. We also dry many kinds
of fruit to

make crackers. Indonesia is also rich with spices, like pepper, corriander, ginger, clove, cinnamon,
tumeric,

galanga, lemon grass, bay leave, and so on. We use them to cook very spicy Indonesian foods.
People also make

nice healthy drinks from them. They are useful for our health.

Many kinds of fish, big and small, live in the Indonesian seas. Most of us eat fish with our meals. We
also eat

shrimp and different kinds of shellfish. But we don’t eat big fish, like dolphins and sharks. We protect
them.We

also protect our turtles.

Indonesia also raise different kinds of animals for their meat, like cows, goats, pigs. We get beef from
the cow,

mutton from the goat, and pork from the pig. Some ethnic groups even eat horse meat. Our milk is
usually from

cows. Of course we also have chickens. They give us meat and eggs.

Reference: Buku Bahasa Inggris Kelas 7 K-13)

Contoh Descriptive Text tentang Hewan (Animal) Dalam

Bahasa Inggris dan Artinya
Hello everyone, How are you today? Jika pada sebelumnya kita pernah belajar mengenai
descriptive text, nah kali ini kami akan memberikan contoh-contoh descriptive text yang
bertemakan hewan. Tanpa basa-basi lagi yuk kita langsung saja simak contohnya.
 My Lovely Cat
I have a stray cat as my pet.  He is really playful, He loved to play with me and the new things he
found. He has orange and white fur, his fur is so soft and I like to rubs it for him. He has a long
tail. He likes to play with it. He is also always try to catch his tail sometimes. I also like to hold
him in my hand, when i hold him like that he will fall asleep.
 My Dog
My dad bought me a dog on my birthday. It is a male golden retriever dog. I really love him as my
pet. His name is Jiji. He has brown fur. His fur is really soft and he likes to be rubbed on his belly.
He has a long tail and big body. I always take him for walk around because he really like it. Jiji is
already as the part of our family.

My Rabbit
I have a rabbit. His fur is white and has black spots. He has long ears and a short tail. He also
has cute red big eyes! My rabbit likes to eat carrot and other vegetables. When I release my
rabbit out of his cage, he used to jump everywhere and hard to catch. So, I could just put him on
his cage because I'm afraid that he might running away. I don't wanna lost my rabbit because I
love him very much.
 My Goldenfish
When I was going to carnival, I bought a beautiful goldenfish. He has golden-yellow colour. His
head and belly is round and big. I put it on my aquarium. I love him when he's swimming, he's
really cute. It is really relaxing by just seeing him swimming.

Panda
I went to the zoo yesterday and I saw panda for the first time. Panda is the very cute animal I've
ever seen. It has little eyes with black spots around them. His body is black and white colored.
Panda's body is almost look alike with bear. Panda looks like tame animals but it's actually not.
Panda eats bamboo and they almost eat 40 kg bamboo in just one day. Panda is animal from
china. I like Panda because they're cute.
 Elephant
Elephant is a herbivor animal and eat all almost all of the vegetations and fruits. They have
almost hairless skin, wide ears, four legs, and long trunk. Elephants is known as the largest
mammals. The elephants also have very sharp auditory because they have big and wide ears.
By these ears, they can hear sounds from a distance about tens kilometer. At the back of the
ears, they have one of the softest parts of their body which is called the knuckle. In a zoo,
Mahouts (elephant trainers) use their feet to steer or give commands to the animal via tha
knuckle. Now, they are a kind of protected animals because their population remains little in their
habitat. Their population began to decline year by year.
 Giraffe 
Giraffes are the tallest mammals in the world. We can find them in central, eastern and southern
Africa. Some of them are also kept in the zoo. A giraffe has a long neck and long legs. The long
neck helps it to eat leaves from the tall trees. It pulls the leaves by its long tounge. Around his
body, it has spotted patterns. “Giraffa camelopardalis” is its scientific name. On the top of its
head, there are small “horns” or knobs. They are used to protect the head when fighting.

. Choose one of the most correct answer!

The following text is for question number 1 to 6

My name is Noval Ferdinand. I am Indonesian. I was born on  April 21, 2009 in Surabaya.
Now I am twelve years old. I study at SMP Putra Bangsa. I have tall and slim body. My hair
is black, short and curly. I have pointed nose, slanted eyes and white skin. My face is oval
with sharp chin.

1. The writer was born on ....

A. January 12, 2009
B. July 12, 2008
C. April 21, 2009
D. May 21, 2008

2. The writer has ... body.

A. tall and slim
B. fat and big
C. tall and big
D. short and slim

3. What is his nationality?

A. Malaysian
B. Indonesian
C. Singaporean
D. Chinese

4. The writer has ... face.

A. round
B. square
C. oval
D. long

5. The writer's hair is ....

A. wavy
B. straight
C. curly
D. bald

6. "My complete name is Noval Ferdinand."

The synonym of the underlined word is ....
A. short
B. full
C. discharge
D. nick

The following text is for questions number 7 to 12

I have a best friend. Her name is Mona. She is a very fat person. She eats everything in front
of her. Her weight is 95 kilograms. She has round face with a very chubby cheeks. Her eyes
are round and blue. She has short curly blonde hair. She is very funny. Her family and friends
like her very much.

7. What is Mona's hobby?

A. reading
B. drawing
C. eating
D. Cycling

8. She has a very .....

A. chubby cheeks
B. long hair
C. long chin
D. big nose

9. How much does her weight?

A. 75 kg
B. 85 kg
C. 95 kg
D. 105 kg
10. She is a very ... person.
A. slim
B. fat
C. tall
D. small

11. What is the meaning of short curly blonde hair?

A. Rambut pendek lurus berwarna hitam
B. Rambut panjang keriting berwarna pirang
C. Rambut pendek keriting berwarna pirang
D. Rambut pendek lurus berwarna pirang

12. Why does her family like her very much?

A. Because she is funny
B. Because she is smart
C. Because she is diligent
D. Because she is lazy

The following text is for questions number 13 to 15

Hi everyone, I am Julie. I have a best friend. His name is Bahri. We  have been friends for
eleven years now. We know each other like brother and sister. Bahri is a special boy. He is
amazing just the way he is. He is tall and handsome. He has straight short hair. He has
pointed nose, slanted eyes  and his smile adorable as well. He loves jokes. He always cheer
me up when I am down. He is very kind.We support and help each others. I am so grateful
that he is my friend.
13. Bahri has .... hair.
A. curly short
B. straight long
C. straight short
D. curly blonde

14. Does he have round eyes?

A. No, he don't
B. No, he doesn't
C. Yes, he do
D. Yes, he does

15. Why does the writer so grateful that Bahri is her friend?
A. Because Bahri is very kind
B. Because Bahri is very naughty
C. Because Bahri is very lazy
D. Because Bahri is very impolite

II. Read the following text and answer the questions!

Julie is my classmate. She is thirteen years old. She is tall. Her hair is curly, blonde and long.
She is not fat. She has oval face, round eyes, sharp nose and white skin. She is very kind. She
is very helpful to her friends. Her friends often ask for her helps to solve English problem.
Her friends like Julie very much. She likes writing the stories, cycling, playing chess and
reading the magazines. 

16. How old is Julie?

17. How does she look?
18. What colour is her hair?
19. What does she like to do?
20. Why do  her friends like Julie very much?

1.      The boy is almost 2 metres in height. He is very . . .

A.     tall
B.      short
C.      fat
D.     thin
 
2.      The girl has . . . hair.

A.      straight
B.      curly
C.      wavy
D.     bald
  
3.      The man is . . . He has no hair.
A.     bald
B.      curly
C.      kinky
D.     wavy
 
4.      The man is . . . He is almost 80 now.
A.      young
B.      middle-aged
C.      infant
D.     old
5.      The woman’s eyes are . . .
A.     slanted
B.      fat
C.      slender
D.     chubby
 
6.      His hair is . . .

A.     straight
B.      thick
C.      curly
D.     bend
7.      The baby is . . .

A.      thick
B.      huge
C.      fat
D.     strong
8.      The woman has . . . nose.

A.      slanted
B.      slender
C.      long
 D.     pointed
 
9.      A kangaroo can jump . . .
A.      long
B.      high
C.      near
D.     aside
tepat adalah B “high”. Kangguru dapat melompat tinggi.
 
10.  The plant is . . . it is only 20 cm in height.
A.      High
B.      Short
C.      Narrow
D.     Large

Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris Descriptive Text

The text below is for question number 1 - 10

Peter is the youngest in our family. He is fourteen years old and four years younger

than me. He has long, straight hair, bright eyes and a friendly smile. Sometimes he is rather

naughty at home, but he usually does what he is asked to do.

Peter is interested in sports very much, and at school, he plays football and tennis. He

is the best badminton player in our family.

1. How old is Peter? He is … years old.

a. Four

b. Fourteen

c. Forty

d. Ten

2. The writer is … years old.

a. Fourteen

b. Sixteen

c. Eighteen

d. Nineteen

3. Which of the following statement is not true about Peter?

a. He has long and straight hair.

b. He has bright eyes.

c. He is interested in sports.
d. He plays football and tennis.

4. According to the passage, we know that Peter is ….

a. The writer’s youngest brother

b. The writer’s elder brother

c. A naughty boy

d. A friendly boy

5. It is implied in the passage that ….

a. Peter is naughty.

b. Peter is lazy.

c. Peter is unfriendly.

d. Peter is diligent.

6. From the text, we may conclude that….

a. Many people do not like Peter.

b. People is older that the writer.

c. Peter is a welcoming person.

d. Peter is not diligent at all.

7. What is the text mostly about?

a. Peter

b. Peter’s hobby

c. Peter’s family

d. peters’ elder brother

8. ”He is fourteen years old . . . Than me.”

The underlined word refers to ….

a. Peter

b. The writer

c. The writer’s brother

d. the writer’s family

9. “Peter is interested in sports very much, and at school he plays football and tennis.” The

underlined phrase can be replaced by

a. Dislike sport

b. Really likes sport

c. Hates sport very much

d. Finds sport not really entertaining

10. “But he usually does what he is asked to do”

The underlined phrase means …

a. He does anything he wants.

b. He always asks.

c. He is lazy.

d. He is diligent.

The following text is for questions number 11 to 13.

Boyolali regency is located in north of Solo and east of Merapi and Merbabu

Mountains. This regency has been known for its production of fresh milk for a long time. No

wonder, the cow statues adorn Boyolali town.

There are six main cow statues in Boyolali. They are displayed in different places.

The statues are made of concrete. The colour and shape are made in such a way to resemble

the real cows. However, the size is made bigger to catch the eye.

Besides decorating the town, the statues also turn out to be helpful for people from out

of town to find places they are seeking in Boyolali. By mentioning the position of the statue,

people can get their way easily.

11. " ... they are seeking in Boyolali" (paragraph 3)

What does the underlined word refer to?

a. People from out town

b. Places in Boyolali.

c. Cow statues.

d. Real cows.

12. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

a. The statues help people to find places easily.

b. The statues decorate the town beautifully.

c. The cow can get their way easily around the town.

d. The people from out of town easily find the statues.

13. The text mainly tells us about ....

a. the colour of the statues

b. cow statues in Boyolali

c. a town called Boyolali

d. how to raise cows

Read the text to answer questions 14 to 17.

I have a close Friend. She is beautiful, attractive and trendy. She always wants to be

a trend setter of the day. She always pays much attention to her appearance. Recently, she

bought a new stylist foot legs from blowfish shoes products. These shoes really match on

her.

Her new blowfish women's shoes are wonderful. When she is walking on those shoes,

all her friends, including me watch and admire that she has the most suitable shoes on her

physical appearance. The style, bright color, and brand represent her as a smart woman of the

day. She really has perfect appearance.

She is really mad on those shoes. She said that the products covered all genders. The

blowfish men's shoes are as elegant as she has. The products provide varieties of choice.

Ballet, casual, boot athletic shoes are designed in attractive way. The products are

international trade mark and become the hottest trend.

14. The writer's friend has just bought … from blowfish shoes products.

a. a new match shoes

b. a new stylist foot legs

c. a trendy and attractive shoes

d. a brand and bright color shoes

15. Why does the writer admire her friend?

a. She likes wearing an international trade mark shoes.

b. She always wants to be a trendy and attractive woman.

c. She has the most suitable shoes on her physical appearance.

d. She really has perfect appearance with her wonderful shoes.

16. Writer writes the text in order to …

a. describe her friend's style and her new shoes.

b. explain an international trademark shoes.

c. share her experience with her friend.

d. tellblowfish shoes products.

17. “She really has perfect appearance.” The word "she" refers to …

a. the writer.

b. a close friend.

c. the writer's friend.

d. ablowfish women's shoes

Read the text and answer questions 18 to 22.

When I just hang out in a mall one day, I saw a very beautiful bag. I love this bag at the

first sight.

This was the first time I've spent much money on a bag and I don't regret it.

The bag is wonderful. It is made of thin but strong leather. The weight is light and the

size keeps it from getting stuffed with junk. It has a long shoulder strap that I like because it

keeps the bag hands-free. Its neutral color is fun and sporty. The design is simple and wellmade.

The bag is very functional. It is the perfect size to carry a cell phone, a pocket sized

wallet, a small book, a pack of gum, and pens. It also fits well into my laptop backpack for bike

commuting to school. This bag also has more pockets inside so my small items don't all fall to

the bottom. In overall I really satisfy with bag

18. Where does the writer usually put her small items?

a. In her pockets.

b. In her laptop backpack.

c. In her pocket size wallet.

d. In the pockets of her leather bag.

19. What makes the small items of the writer not falling down in the bag?

a. The satisfying bag

b. Her laptop backpack

c. A pocket-sized wallet

d. The pockets inside the bag

20. “I've spent much money on a bag and I don't regret it”. The underlined word refers

to …the bag.

a. Having

b. seeing

c. buying
d. loving

21. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

a. The writer has a new bag.

b. The bag is very functional.

c. The bag has many pockets.

d. The writer is satisfied with the bag

22. What is the purpose of the text?

a. To retell the past event

b. To entertain the readers

c. To describe the writer‟s new bag

d. To give instruction how to buy a bag

The following text is for questions number 23 to 25.

I live in a village called Amed in Bali, about a two‐hour drive from Kuta. It is a beach

village and one of the best places for scuba diving in Bali. To reach my village, you will

need a lot of energy because it is an exhausting trip. The road is curved and there are many

ups and downs too. But as soon as you arrive in Amed, your efforts will be paid by the beauty

of my village.

Unlike other places in Bali, Amed is a calm and peaceful place. The bay, some sandy,

others rocky appears to be lined with traditional fishing boats called jukung. From the top of

the hill, people can enjoy the beautiful scenery. There are no factories or industries in Amed,

so the water and the soil in my village are still clean and unpolluted. This is needed to

produce salt by the people in the village.

23. What makes Amed different from other places in Bali?

a. Amed is a place for scuba diving.

b. It needs a lot of energy to get there.

c. Amed is a calm and peaceful place.

d. Amed has many star rated hotels.

24. Where can people enjoy beautiful scenery in Amed?

a. From the top of the hill.

b. From the top of the factory.

c. From the beach of the village.

d. From the roads of the village.

25. “…. Because it is an exhausting trip.” (paragraph 1)

The underlined word has similar meaning to….

a. Tiring

b. Exciting

c. Confusing

d. Challenging