ANNOTATED

BIBLIOGRAHY

SUBMITTED TO –
Ms. NABANITA SAHU

LECTURER

B.M.B.C.O.N.

SUBMITTED BY-
RUMELA CHAKRABORTY

M.SC NURSING 1ST YEAR

B.M.B.C.O.N.

SUBMITTED ON- 17/08/2020

B J Riegel, Wieland I. A Longitudinal survey to determine if overprotection on the part of the
patient's family and friends contributes to the development of cardiac invalidism after acute
myocardial infarction. Heart Lung Journal. Nov-Dec 1992. PMID: 8582821, Vol- 2 (2): 256-
60.

Cardiac Invalidism refers to a psychological state that can result after a myocardial infarction
or Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease, consisting of the perception that a patient’s abilities
and capacities are lower than they actually are, both patients and their spouses are vulnerable
to these misperceptions .‘Cardiac Invalid’ refers to persons experiencing physical and
psychological recovery from an episode of Myocardial Infraction. These patients’ exhibit
helplessness and increased weakness related to their heart disease and frequently seek
attention and reassurance from family, friends and healthcare professionals long after the
normal recovery period. They continue their sick role for an extended period even though
they have normal or near normal cardiac function. Improving the accuracy of risk perception
may help to decrease unnecessary cardiac anxiety and risk-reducing behaviors in others.
Thus, effective measures can be planned to help the patients to cope with the transitional
event.This research study included 111 patients who had experienced a first myocardial
infarction to determine if overprotection on the part of the patient’s family and friends
contributes to the development of cardiac invalidism after acute myocardial infarction. Result
shows that 72.97% patients characterized themselves as being overprotected (i.e. receiving
more social support from family and friends than desired) and 25.22% reported receiving
inadequate support. Only 1.80% patients reported receiving as much support as they desired.
So, it was evident that overprotection on the part of family and friends may facilitate
psychosocial adjustment in the early months after an acute myocardial infarction rather than
lead to cardiac invalidism.
Detlef Schuppan and Nezam H. Afdhal. A Longitudinal survey to assess baseline patient
knowledge , understanding of liver cirrhosis and improvement and to test whether a
condition-specific multimedia screencast could improve this. research Journal, November
2019 ; Vol- 1 (2): 112-17.

Cirrhosis is defined as the histological development of regenerative nodules surrounded by

fibrous bands in response to chronic liver injury, that leads to portal hypertension and end
stage liver disease. Recent advances in the understanding of the natural history and
pathophysiology of cirrhosis, and in treatment of its complications, resulting in improved
management, quality of life and life expectancy of cirrhotic patients. At present, liver
transplantation remains the only curative option for a selected group of patients, but
pharmacological therapies that can halt progression to decompensated cirrhosis or even
reverse cirrhosis are currently being developed. This concise overview focuses on diagnosis,
complications and management of cirrhosis, and novel clinical and scientific
developments.This research study included Fifty-two patients with liver cirrhosis were
included. Sixty-two per cent were male; their median age was 56 years and their median
clinic attendance period was 3 years. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire
assessing their knowledge of the management and complications of cirrhosis. Fifty-two
patients achieved a median score of 25.0% before viewing the screencast. Thirty-five patients
then completed a follow-up questionnaire after an interval period. The median questionnaire
score in this group improved from 25.0% to 66.7%; an increase of 41.7% compared with
baseline (p<0.001).Despite regular review at a specialist clinic, participants had poor baseline
knowledge of liver cirrhosis. Delivering information by screencast led to a significant
improvement. We therefore present an effective way to empower patients with accurate, up-
to-date and retainable information that can easily be translated to many other conditions.
REFERENCE:

1. B. J. Riegel. Contributors to Cardiac Invalidism after acute Myocardial Infraction.

Coronary Artery Dis. Heart Lung Journal. Nov-Dec 1992. PMID: 8582821, Vol- 2
(2): 256-60.

2. Detlef Schuppan and Nezam H. Afdhal. A Longitudinal survey to assess baseline

patient knowledge , understanding of liver cirrhosis and improvement research
Journal, November 2019 ; Vol- 1 (2): 112-17.