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EDFA-WDM Optical Network Design and Development using OptiSystem

Simulator

Conference Paper · January 2019

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 EDFA-WDM Optical Network Design and Development
using OptiSystem Simulator
M. CHAKKOUR3, A. HAJAJI1, 4, O. AGHZOUT2, 4, F. CHAOUI3, M. EL YAKHLOUFI3

1
Advanced Sciences & Technology Group, National School of Applied Sciences, Abdelmaled Essaadi
University, Tetouan, Morocco
²Electronics & Microwaves Group, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi Universiy, Tetouan, Morocco
3
Condensed Matter Physics Group, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi Universiy, Tetouan, Morocco
4
National School of Applied Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi Universiy, Tetouan, Morocco

Abstract:
This paper discusses Data transmission using Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) for
five optical channels in an Optical transmission system. Data inputs with Laser signal are
modulated before being multiplexed. Then, EDFA is used to encounter the effects of
attenuation, distortion and Rayleigh scattering. The simulated transmission system have been
analyzed on the basic of different parameters by using OptiSystem simulator, by simulating a
model of communication system and using the most suitable settings of the system which
include input power (dBm), fiber cable length (km) and attenuation coefficient (dB/km) at
cable section, three different parameters will be investigated which are output power (dBm),
noise figure (dB), and gain (dB) at receiver. All the results are analyzed using OPTISYSTEM
simulation at 10 Giga bits per second (Gbits/s) transmission systems.

Keywords: Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers),
OPTISYSTEM simulator.

I- INTRODUCTION :

In recent years, optical fiber communication has become one of the main pillars of modern
telecommunications networks, that for its rapid development and a broad range of
applications. However, these modern telecommunication networks are becoming more and
more complex. Optical network that apply wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is
currently widely used in existing telecommunication infrastructures and is expected to play a
significant role in next generation networks and the future Internet. These systems often
include multiple signal channels, different topology structure, non linear devices and non-
Gaussian noise source, which make their design and analysis quite complex and require high-
intensity work. One of the most significant limitations for the transmission performance is the
chromatic dispersion caused by the use of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA) to
compensate the transmission losses in optical communication systems. This paper presents a
detailed study for five optical channel multiplexing with different wavelengths based on
EDFA-WDM optical transmission system [1]. Input power (dBm), fiber cable length (km)
and attenuation coefficient (dB/km) at cable section have been included on the study. Three
different parameters will be investigated which are output power (dBm), noise figure (dB) and
gain (dB) at receiver. All the results are analyzed using OPTISYSTEM simulator at 10 Giga
bits per second (Gbits/s). The analysis simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the
proposed transmission system.

1-1 WDM:

WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, WDM) is an important progress in the

development history of optical fiber communication technology. The basic principle of the
WDM is that the light signals with different wavelengths is put together at first, and then
coupled to fiber optic cable lines in the same fibers for transmission. At last the receiver
separates the different wavelengths by signal processing, restores the original signal and sends
them to different terminal. Figure 1 show the Principle of WDM systems [2].

Optical Fiber
Channels

Channels

Mux Demux

Figure1: Principle of Wavelength-division multiplexing WDM

1-1 EDFA:

EDFA is an optical amplifier that uses a doped optical fiber as a gain medium to amplify an
optical signal [3]. The signal which is to be amplified and a pump laser are multiplexed into
the doped fiber, and the signal is amplified through interaction with the doping ions. EDFA is
the most often used optical amplifier due to low loss optical window of silica based fiber.
2 OptiSystem Simulator:

OptiSystem is an innovative optical communication system simulation package which was

explored by Optiwave Company in order to meet the academic requirement of the system
designers, optical communications engineers, researchers. It integrates design, test and
optimize all types of broadband optical network physical layer functions such as virtual
optical connection. From the long-distance communication systems to LANS and MANS, it
can be well used. It has a huge database of active and passive components, including power,
wavelength, loss and other related parameters. Parameters allow the user to scan and
optimization of device specific technical parameters on the system performance. OptiSystem
has powerful simulation environment and real components and systems of classification
definitions. A fiber optic communication system model is based on the actual system-level
simulator. Its performance can be attached to the device user interface library and can be
completely expanded to become a widely used tool. OptiSystem meet the booming market to
a strong photon and becomes a useful tool for optical system design requirements.

II – Design consideration:

The design model of the transmission system is shown in figure 3. The whole system consists
of three sections- the transmitter, the receiver and the transmission medium which is in this
case optical fiber. NRZ pulse generator has an advantage on controlling bandwidth. This is
due to the characteristic of the generator that the returning signals to zero between bits.
Pseudo-random bit sequence generator is used to scramble data signal in terms of bit rates.
Mach Zehnder Modulator (MZ) has two inputs (optical signal and electrical signal) and one
output (optical). Then the input signal is modulated with semiconductor laser that is
represented by Continuous Wave (CW) laser Frequency 193.1 THz through Mach- Zehnder
modulator. Continues laser diode (CW) to generate optical signals supplies input signal with
1550 nm wavelength and input power of 5dBm which is externally modulated at 10 Gbits/s.
with a non-return-zero (NRZ) pseudorandom binary sequence in a Mach-Zehnder modulator
with 30 dB of extinction ratio. The optical fiber used is single mode fiber because has higher
data rate and long distance transmission. The fiber Bragg grating is used as the dispersion
compensator. Photodetector (PIN) Diode Positive Intrinsic Negative to translate the optical
signal into an electrical signal. The initial settings for the design are shown in Figure 3. Order
to operate as the optical transmission system: Input power 5dB, Reference wavelength
1550nm, fiber length 10 km, and Attenuation coefficient of cable 0.2dB/km.
 Figure 3: The designed model of simulation system with one input

III- Results and Discussions:

The simulation and optimization of the design is done by OptiSystem simulation software.
The eye diagrams and results of output power (dBm), gain (dB) at receiver and noise figure
(dB) by using different values of input power (dBm), attenuation coefficient (dB/km) and
fiber cable length (km). The related graphs are also plotted.

Before using EDFA After using EDFA

Figure 4: The eye diagram Before using EDFA and After using EDFA

As shown in Figure 5, WDM transmission system of five channels is simulated and analyzed
for chromatic dispersion, we set the laser frequency values as follows: 1550 nm, 1551 nm,
1552 nm, 1553 nm and 1554 nm respectively.
 Figure 5 : Schematic design of WDM System

Figures associated with only one data receiver (first channel, the frequency value is 1550 nm).

Table1: The output Readings are tabulated by varying the OFC length (Km)

OFC length (Km) Gain (dB) Noise Figure (dB) Output Power (dBm)
5 13,4465 4,7755 17,6421
10 13,3956 5,6539 17,5923
15 13,3491 6,5462 17,5448
20 13,3053 7,4285 17,5009
25 13,2642 8,3340 17,4598
 28 Gain (dB)
Noise figure (dB)
24 Output power (dBm)

20

16
OCF (km)

12

-4
0 10 20 30
Gain/Noise figure/Output power

Figure 6: Graph of Gain/noise figure/output power versus OFC length

By analyzing data on Table 1, it shows that the length of fiber is directly proportional to the
value of noise figure. From Figure 6, it is shown that with increasing fiber length, the gain
decreases with further increasing length while the noise figure increase linearly as increasing
length.

Table 2: The output Readings are tabulated by varying the input power (dBm)

Input Power (dBm) Gain (dB) Noise Figure (dB) Output Power (dBm)
1 17,2215 5,2598 17,4171
5 13,3956 5,6539 17,5923
10 8,7325 6,5044 17, 9282
15 4,4971 7,9737 18,6928
20 1,1578 9,6996 20,3535
 Gain (dB)
25 Noise figure (dB)
Output power (dBm)

20
Input Power (dBm)

15

10

0 10 20 30
Gain/Noise figure/Output power

Figure 7: Graph of Gain/noise figure/output power versus input power (dBm)

Table 2 shows the output readings which are tabulated by varying the input power while the
data of gain, noise figure and output power versus input power is plotted in Figure 7. From
Figure 7, it is observed that with increasing input power, the gain decreases with increasing
input power while the noise figure is increase gradually as the input power increase.

Table 3: The output Readings are tabulated by varying the Attenuation Coefficient (dB/km)

Attenuation Coefficient (dB/km) Gain (dB) Noise Figure (dB) Output Power (dBm)
0,2 13,3956 5,6539 17,5923
1 13,0191 13,1152 17,2184
3 5,2862 34,1155 9,4819
5 -13,9674 54,2550 0
 70 Gain (dB)
Noise figure (dB)
60
Attenuation Coefficient (dB/km)

Output power (dBm)

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5

Gain/Noise figure/Output power

Figure 8: Graph of Gain/noise figure/output power versus Attenuation Coefficient (dB/km)

Table 3 shows the output readings are obtained by varying the attenuation coefficient at cable
section. From the figure 8, it is obvious that when the attenuation coefficient is increased, the
noise figure will increase as well while the gain is decreasing when the attenuation coefficient
is increased. The gain is the ratio of the amplifier output signal to the input power signal.

CONCLUSION:

In this paper, we have analyzed the effects of EDFA amplifier in WDM transmission system
on the basic of different parameters. By simulating a model of communication system and
using the most suitable settings of the system which include input power (dBm), fiber cable
length (km) and attenuation coefficient (dB/km) at cable section, three different parameters
will be investigated which are output power (dBm), noise figure (dB), and gain (dB) at
receiver. All the results are analyzed using OPTISYSTEM simulation at 10 Giga bits per
second (Gbits/s) transmission systems. From the simulation result, it can conclude that the
optical fiber length and the attenuation coefficient are directly proportional to the noise figure.
The noise figure is a measure of how much noise the amplifier adds to the signal. While the
gain is getting lower with the increasing length.
 REFERENCES:

[1] Kumar Mukesh et al "performance Analysis of WDM/SCM System Using EDFA"

International Journal of Advanced Researshin Computer Science and Software Engineering
Vol. 2, June, 2012.

[2] Singh Preet Kawal et al “Performance Analysis of different WDM Systems”,

International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. Vol. 4, No. 3 March, 2012.

[3] Prachi Shukla, Kanwar Preet Kaur, “Performance Analysis of EDFA for different
Pumping Configurations at High Data Rate”, IJEAT, ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-2, Issue-5,
June 2013.

[4] M.M. Ismail “Optical Network Design System”, (ELSEVIER) Procedia Engineering 53
(2013) 294–302.

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