A319/A320/A321

TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL

MECHANICS / ELECTRICS & AVIONICS COURSE

09 TOWING
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 _A319/A320/A321 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
MECHANICS / ELECTRICS & AVIONICS COURSE 09 TOWING
09 TOWING
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** Towing with Nose Gear from the Front(2) ...... 1
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 _A319/A320/A321 TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL
MECHANICS / ELECTRICS & AVIONICS COURSE 09 TOWING

09 - TOWING AND TAXIING

09-10-00 TOWING WITH THE NOSE GEAR FROM

THE FRONT

CONTENTS:
Warnings and Cautions
Towing with the Nose Gear from the Front
TMUTOWA01 LEVEL 2
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TOWING WITH THE NOSE GEAR FROM THE FRONT

WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT THE GROUND SAFETY-LOCKS ARE
IN POSITION ON THE LANDING GEAR.
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT WHEN THE AIRCRAFT MOVES WITH
ITS POWER ON THE GROUND:
- NO PERSONS GO WHERE THE AIRCRAFT CAN CAUSE
THEM INJURY OR CAN KILL THEM.
- NO OBJECTS STAY WHERE THE ENGINES CAN BLOW
THEM AWAY OR CAN PULL THEM INTO THE ENGINES
BY SUCTION.
CAUTION: SET AND CALIBRATE THE TOWING AND TURN SHEAR
PINS BEFORE YOU TOW OR PUSH BACK THE AIRCRAFT.
THIS IS TO PREVENT HIGH LOADS WHICH CAN CAUSE
DAMAGE TO THE NOSE LANDING GEAR AND/OR THE
AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE.
CAUTION: DO NOT TOW OR MOVE THE AIRCRAFT ON THE GROUND
IF THE ENGINES COWLS ARE OPEN.
MOVEMENT OF THE AIRCRAFT WITH THE COWLS OPEN
CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE COWLS AND THE NACELLE
STRUCTURE.

WARNING: OBEY THESE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING TOWING,

PUSHBACK OR MOVEMENT OF THE AIRCRAFT.
MAKE SURE THAT THE PATH OF THE AIRCRAFT IS
CLEAR.
MAKE SURE THAT NO PERSONS SIT OR STAND ON THE
TOW BAR OR USE THE TRACTOR AS TRANSPORT THIS
IS TO PREVENT THE RISK OF INJURY.

WARNING: THE PERSON WHO OPERATES THE BRAKES FROM THE

COCKPIT DURING TOWING/TAXIING MUST HAVE HIS
SIT BELT ATTACHED. IF NOT THERE IS A RISK OF
INJURY IF THE AIRCRAFT STOPS SUDDENLY.
TMUTOWA01-T01 LEVEL 2
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TOWING WITH THE NOSE GEAR FROM THE FRONT
TOWING WITH THE NOSE GEAR FROM THE FRONT
This film describes how to push the aircraft rearwards
or tow the aircraft forwards with the nose gear.
The aircraft may be towed or pushed back:
- at maximum ramp weight,
- with the engines shut down or running at idle.
To begin the procedure, make sure:
- that the safety devices are installed on the
landing gears,
- the wheel chocks are in place,
- and check if the parking brake is on.
Do not tow the aircraft if the dimension H is more
than 300mm (11.8 in). If you do, you can cause damage
to the internal centering cams of the nose landing
gear.
Referring to your Aircraft Maintenance Manual, make
sure that the aircraft is stable. Let us suppose that
this procedure has been correctly performed.
During this procedure, depending on the configuration
you are in, the aircraft needs to be energized either
using the APU, a specific ground cart, an engine
running, or using the tractor itself. That being said,
let us suppose that the aircraft is already energized
and the EIS Start Procedure done.
Outside, on the nose wheel steering deactivation
TMUTOWA01-T01 LEVEL 2
electrical-box, set the ground-towing control lever
to the towing position and install the pin.
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In the cockpit,
- on the upper ECAM page, the "N.WHEEL STEERG
DISC" message comes into view on the memo page.
- check on the Yellow brake-pressure
triple-indicator that the accumulator pressure
pointer is in the green range.
We recommend pressurizing the yellow hydraulic system
using the yellow electrical pump, thus, the braking
system will be more efficient and safer.
Now, we have to install the towbar.
CAUTION: MAKE SURE THAT THE TOW BAR HAS:
- A DAMPING SYSTEM
- A CALIBRATED SHEAR PIN
- TWO CALIBRATED TURN SHEAR PINS.
THIS IS TO PREVENT HIGH LOADS CAUSING DAMAGE
TO THE LANDING GEAR.
Refer to your Aircraft Maintenance Manual for the
calibration of these pins.
On the nose landing gear, install the towbar on the
tow fitting and connect the towbar to the tractor.
CAUTION: PUT THE PARKING BRK CONTROL SWITCH IN THE OFF
POSITION BEFORE YOU TOW OR PUSH BACK THE
AIRCRAFT.
THIS IS TO PREVENT HIGH LOADS CAUSING DAMAGE
TO THE NOSE LANDING GEAR.
On the Yellow brake-pressure triple-indicator, the
brakes pressure pointers go down.
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TOWING WITH THE NOSE GEAR FROM THE FRONT
TOWING WITH THE NOSE GEAR FROM THE FRONT (CONT’D)
In the cockpit, set the lighting system:
- Set the EXTerior LighT NAVigation and LOGO
switch to ON.
- At night, set the INTerior LighT DOME switch
to BRighT and if the anti-collision lighting
is necessary for the local airport regulations
or the airline procedures, set the EXTerior
LighT BEACON switch to ON.
On the VHF system:
- In order to communicate with the control tower
during towing operations, release out the VHF
pushbutton switch and select the control tower
frequency on the Radio Management Panel.
- In order to communicate with the ground
mechanics, on the Audio Control Panel, set the
interphone radio switch to INTerphone position
and release out the interphone reception
pushbutton.
For safety reasons, a distance of 3 meters (10 ft)
must be kept clear around the nose wheels, tow bar and
tractor when the aircraft moves.
Towing speed limitation depends on the position of the
passenger/crew and cargo doors. For these speed
limitations refer to your Aircraft Maintenance Manual.
TMUTOWA01-T01 LEVEL 2
The maximum permitted steering angle on each side of
the aircraft centerline is 95 degrees. When you use
the front fittings to push the aircraft rearwards with
engine at idle this angle is limited to 40 degrees.
At this point, be sure that all WARNINGS and CAUTIONS
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of your Aircraft Maintenance Manual procedure and
previous precautions are applied.
Then, the aircraft can be towed slowly and smoothly.
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09 TOWING
Two other persons have to monitor the wing tips during
the towing operation and one person is required in the
cockpit in order to operate the brakes.
When you complete the towing operation, make sure that
the nose wheels are aligned with the aircraft
centerline.
Inform the cockpit to apply the parking brake, and
check that the PARKING BRAKE light is ON on the nose
wheel steering deactivation electrical-box.
Put the wheel chocks in position.
Disconnect the tow bar from the nose gear fittings.
On the nose wheel steering deactivation
electrical-box, remove the safety pin and set the
ground-towing control lever to the normal position.
At the same time, in the cockpit, on the ECAM MEMO
display the message "N.WHEEL STEERG DISC" disappears.
On the lighting system:
- Reset the EXTerior LighT BEACON and NAVigation
& LOGO switches to OFF.
- Reset the INTerior LighT DOME switch to OFF.
On the communication system:
- Cut the cockpit/control tower VHF link by
pressing in the VHF pushbutton on the Radio
Management Panel.
- Reset the Interphone radio switch to the
neutral position.
Depressurize the yellow hydraulic system, do the EIS
Stop Procedure and De-energize the Aircraft Electrical
Circuits.
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