EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP ON COMMUNITY

DEVELOPMENT IN MUTOMO SUB-COUNTY

JOSEPHINE MUNINDI MBUVI

RESEARCH PRESENTED TO THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION

COUNCIL PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.

NOVEMBER SERIES 2020

DECLARATION
I do declare that this is my original work and has not been presented for any of the
study program in any other college.

Name : Josephine Munindi Mbuvi

Signature : -----------------------

The research projects has been submitted for examination with my approval as college
supervisor.

Name : Mr. Luseta

Signature : ------------------------------------ Date: ------------------

ii
DEDICATION
To my family for giving me an opportunity to come to Coast Institute of Technology
and learn about social work and community development and Mr. Luseta for giving me
guidance and support towards my studies.

iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My humble and social appreciation goes to Mr. Luseta the research projects supervisor
who has been guiding me through out in the drafting of this report, his encouragement
was of a great help to me. I also take this opportunity to thank my colleagues and my
parents for contributing a lot for the success of this research projects.

ABSTRACT

iv
This research study investigate the effects of the leadership on community
development in Mutomo sub-county by looking at the extent at which these
variables influence the effectiveness of the leadership. These include how attitude
of leaders affects leadership in community development, to determine how the
types of the leadership affects community developments, to research out the way
of improving leadership nature affects community development in Mutomo sub-
county. The effects of the leadership on community development have led to high
degree of deterioration hence affects the community in economically, politically
and socially. This is due to leaders expressing their dictatorship leadership leading
to embezzlement of funds thus making underdevelopment in the community
while making the youth engage themselves in immoral behaviors

Contents
DECLARATION..............................................................................................................................................ii
DEDICATION................................................................................................................................................iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................................iv

v
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................................v
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................................2
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................2
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY....................................................................................2
1.2 STATEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM.................................................................................2
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY...............................................................................................3
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY..........................................................................................3
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS..................................................................................................3
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY....................................................................................3
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY.........................................................................................4
1.8 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY...................................................................................4
1.9 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK.......................................................................................4
1.10 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS..................................................................5
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................................6
2.0 Introduction.........................................................................................................................6
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW......................................................................................................6
2.2 EMPIRICAL LITERATURE REVIEW..............................................................................6
2.2.1 EFFECTS OF ATTITUDE OF LEADER ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT......6
2.2.2 EFFECTS OF THE TYPES OF LEADERSHIP ON COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT......................................................................................................................7
2.2.3 EFFECTS OF THE WAYS OF IMPROVING LEADERSHIP NATURE...................8
2.2.4 SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW......................................................................8
CHAPTER THREE..........................................................................................................................................9
3.1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................9
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN..........................................................................................................9
3.3 LOCATION OF THE STUDY............................................................................................9
3.4 TARGET POPULATION.................................................................................................10
3.5 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND SAMPLING SIZE....................................................................................10
3.5.1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE...........................................................................................10
3.5.2 SAMPLE SIZE.................................................................................................................10
3.6 CONSTRUCTION OF INSTRUMENT (RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS)...........................................................10

vi
 3.6.1 DATA COLLECTION...................................................................................................10
3.6.2 INSTRUMENTATION..................................................................................................10
3.6.3 PILOTING OF INSTRUMENTS...................................................................................10
3.7 RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY...................................................................................................................11
3.7.1 RELIABILITY..................................................................................................................11
3.7.2 VALIDITY.......................................................................................................................11
3.8 ETHICAL ISSUES....................................................................................................................................11
3.9 DATA ANALYSIS....................................................................................................................................11
CHAPTER FOUR..........................................................................................................................................12
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION, DATA ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION..............12
4.1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................12
4.2 QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE RATE..........................................................................12
4.3 DEMOGRAPHIC OF THE RESPONDENTS...............................................................................................13
4.3.1 GENDER OF THE RESPONDENTS...........................................................................13
4.3.2 AGE OF SAMPLED RESPONDENTS.........................................................................14
4.3.3 EDUCATION LEVEL....................................................................................................15
4.4 EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP......................................................................................................................15
4.5 EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN MUTOMO SUB-COUNTY..........16
4.6 EFFECTS OF FINDINGS OUT WAYS OF IMPROVING LEADERSHIP NATURE...........................................16
CHAPTER FIVE............................................................................................................................................17
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS...................................17
5.1 introduction...................................................................................................................17
5.2 SUMMARY........................................................................................................................17
5.3 CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................18
5.4 RECOMMENDATION.....................................................................................................19
5.5 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDY........................................................................19
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................19
APPENDICES..............................................................................................................................................20
APPENDIX 1............................................................................................................................20
INTRODUCTION LETTER...................................................................................................20
APPENDIX II...............................................................................................................................................21

vii
RESPONDENTS REVIEWED................................................................................................21

viii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION

This chapter contain background of the study, purpose of the study,

objective of the study, research question, and significance of the study,
hypothesis of the study and limitation of the study at Mutomo sub-county.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A leadership is a process of social influence that maximizes the efforts of

others towards the achievement of goals. It has some type which includes a
democratic and kind of leadership whereby members of the group take a
more participative role in decision making. Autocratic leadership is where
the leader dictates the policy and procedure, decides. The goals are to be
achieved, directs, and controls all activities without involving members of
the community to participates strategic of the leadership is where leaders
potential to express a strategic vision in the community and motivates by
providing them to acquire the vision. A community leader can aid the
development of a group with innovations that operates in an orderly
manner and require nurturing. It also benefits from being compile in the
social network, shared vision and decision making, best existing skills and
knowledge also play a role. It generally accepted that rural community
development is the economic social- progress of the sub-county. The
research most important elaborates with further the mains role of
leadership in the community at Mutumo sub-county that also builds up
people in search area friendly to each other by practicing good relationship
moral.
1.2 STATEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM

In Mutomo sub-county there is a low rate of development growth due to

poor leadership within the community members. Hence this research try to
investigate the causes of the problem.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

1. The overall of the study is to ascertain the effects of the leadership of

community development.
2
2. To identify the constraints that hinder leaders from achieving sets of
goals in the community within the area and also drawn implications for
extension policy practice.
3. To investigates the various roles played by the leaders in the community.
4. To determine the effects of leadership performance on the community in
terms of gender.

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main objectives of the study are the following:
i. To establish the altitude of the leader on community development in Mutomo sub-
county
ii. To determine the type of leadership on the community in Mutomo sub-county

iii. To find out ways of improving leadership styles on community in Mutomo sub-
county
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

I. What are the effects of the altitude of leaders on the community in

Mutomo sub-county?
ii. What are the effects of leadership styles on community development
in Mutomo sub-county?
Iii. Are there any effects of type of leadership on community
development in Mutomo sub-county?
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1. To stipulates out the effects of leadership on economic growth.

2. To identify the problems that affect poor performance results like
corruption, unskilled and acknowledgments.
4. To establish control measures that should be taken off to solve
leadership.

3
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

I. Language barrier among the interviewee and the interviewer that leads to
misunderstanding to each other.
II. Poor roads and others infrastructures within the area.
III. Inadequate water due to short rain within that area that affects study.
IV. Insufficient funds for developments that can improve the area, hence
reducing the cost of transportation and others.
V. Inadequate Corporation within the residents due to be busy with their work
1.8 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The research projects have some delimitation as the study was carried out
in Mutomo sub-county as it is where the problem is based on with all the
research question and objectives drawn from the research topic which is
the problem identified. The technique used was by used of interviews as it
is specifically the best technique since most of the despondence are
communities where some of them are uneducated but through explanation
and interpretation that they can respond appropriately. The interviews
cover a large number of respondents hence a lot of information is gathered
in various by which were considered in the study were leading without
love failure to serve, bad altitude and fear of creating good leader.
1.9 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Being too busy

Fear of creating
leaders
Poor leadership hence
poor performance
Bad altitude

Failure to serve
4
1.10 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Leadership is a process of social influence that maximizes the effects of

others towards the achievement of a goal.
A leader is someone who can see how things can be improved and who
rallies people to moves towards that better vision
Transformational leadership is the leadership approach that causes a
change in individuals and the social system.

5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Introduction

The purpose of this research is to provide an introduction to the effects of

leadership on community development, both how and why they were
implemented and their effectiveness in community development. The first
section of this proposal will look at the various effects of leadership on
community development models, and their various extensions. The second
section will look at the evolution of Kenya's challenging leadership
development policies and their effectiveness. Finally, and challenges and
criticisms regarding the specific models and development policies will also
be looked at with a view of providing greater insight into their effect on
leaders on development.
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter presents a review of the literature on the topic of effects of

leadership on community development as a study at Mutomo sub-county
from the beginning of early century theories of leadership took place. At
the very first theory. According to that theory, leadership is an innate
ability that is who is born to lead.
2.2 EMPIRICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

An examination of the literature on community leadership suggests it leads

to development projects. Its aim is to improve the living standards of each
individual at the community level so that they can be able to meet their
basic needs. Then also means transferring empowering and developing
people to create stronger and mere connections within the community. It
involves eradicating all the barriers that hinder community development
so that all members can achieve a good journey towards the set of goals.
2.2.1 EFFECTS OF ATTITUDE OF LEADER ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

Altitude refers to a set of emotions, beliefs, and behaviors towards a

particular person. Attitude can have a powerful influence on behavior. A
positive or negative attitude in leadership affects the team. Being a leader
comes with a lot of responsibility. You should be aware that your attitude

6
will rub off on other team members. When a leader has a negative attitude
ignores the good and pays attention to the bad.
In Keith Harrell’s book “Attitude is everything”. It was stated that a person
with a negative attitude has the same power to influence others as a person
with a positive attitude. The difference, however, appears in the results.
The positive attitudes in the workplace help improve transparency,
communications, and teamwork. The opposite, however, can be said for
negative attitudes. They dismantle teamwork, increase stress and cripple
productivity. Harrell identifies some of the most underlying causes of
negative mental attitudes. These underlying causes may include low self-
esteem, stress, and fear.

2.2.2 EFFECTS OF THE TYPES OF LEADERSHIP ON COMMUNITY

DEVELOPMENT

There are varieties of leadership behaviors that affect leaders while

developing the community. Leadership is not only an inborn personality
trait but also inherited. There are different types of leadership. These
include:
I. AUTOCRATIC LEADERS
These leaders make the decision without consulting the members of the
group. Members of the group may dislike been cut off from contributing
their ideas. These often result from inadequate solutions to problems,
which may hurt the group from performing.
II. TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP
This leader always eliminates individuality from the production process. It
limits the amount of innovation that is achievable and creates more
followers than leaders. Trends to forecast consequences based on the
people more than rewards.
2.2.3 EFFECTS OF THE WAYS OF IMPROVING LEADERSHIP NATURE.

Improve is to make something or someone better or to become

better. Some of the leadership styles improved may affect the leader
and the community negatively at large. The leader may fail to

7
 motivate the teamwork he or she is working with. The results of
improving leadership nature may have low morale, high turnover,
and decreased ability to have any sustainable success.

2.2.4 SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW

The chapter presented a literature review on the topic of the effect of the
leadership on the community in the Mutomo sub-county: based on the
objective, effects of the attitude of leaders on the community development,
effects of type of the leadership on community development, and effects of
the ways of improving leadership nature. Also, it has discussed the general
effects of the leadership on the community development on the Mutomo
sub-county.

8
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 INTRODUCTION

This chapter describes the methodology used in the study. Then cover the
research design, target population, sampling procedures, methods, and
tools as data analysis and presentation.
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN

The research design refers to the sets of methods and procedures used in
data collection b tackling research questions through the election,
interpretation, analysis and discussion of data.
The study described research design in investigating the challenges
community members are facing in the leading sectors.
3.3 LOCATION OF THE STUDY

The study was carried out: in the Mutomo sub-county in Kitui County.
Mutomo sub-county is rural is located in the southern of Kitui County.
The area has many physical features like rivers, hills, and swamps.
According to the 2019 census, the report shows that the sub-county had
51,280 people.
The population is characterized infrastructure poor roads, poor
infrastructure, and poor access to health facilities and poor assessment in
the education sectors.
The area experiences moderate rain from December to March and helps the
people in the area to practice farming most parts.
3.4 TARGET POPULATION

The target population is the total group of individuals from which the
sample might be drawn for the study. The study targeted mainly the
people living at the community level.

9
3.5 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND SAMPLING SIZE
3.5.1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

A sample is a set of the population that is used to represent the entire

group as a whole. The research used random sampling to get the
representative sample for the study.
3.5.2 SAMPLE SIZE

Sample size refers to the number of participants or observations included

in a study. The process continued and a total of 200 community members
were picked.
3.6 CONSTRUCTION OF INSTRUMENT (RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS)
3.6.1 DATA COLLECTION

Primary data collection was used for the study. Primary data refers to data
that is collected by a researcher directly from main sources. Through
surveys, interviews, questions the data was collected.
3.6.2 INSTRUMENTATION

The study used questionnaires that were prepared for the interview
process. It is a research instrument consign of a series of questions to
gather information from the respondents.
The study also employed interview techniques whereby direct
interviewing of selected people was done to provide reliable information.
3.6.3 PILOTING OF INSTRUMENTS

The study employed pretesting is the stage in survey research where the
survey questions and questionnaires are tested on members of the target
population to evaluate the reliability and validity of the survey instruments
before their final distribution. During the study, the pretesting was carried
out. In Mutumo community members provided the required information.

10
3.7 RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY
3.7.1 RELIABILITY

Reliability refers to how consistently a method measures something.

It uses the same questionnaires to the picked sample of 200 community
members. This was useful because it is the appropriate and easiest way to
carry out research.
3.7.2 VALIDITY

Validity refers to the extent to which a concept is accurately measured in a

quantitative study. When the reliability is high, it indicates that the
measurement is valid if the method used is not reliable, it is probably not
valid the study was highly reliable and therefore is valid
3.8 ETHICAL ISSUES

The purpose of the study was to explain the verbally and written t eligible
respondents voluntary participation was obtained from the respondents
and the answers they gave were truly and genuine confidentiality was
assured to the respondents
3.9 DATA ANALYSIS

Data analysis refers to the process of collecting, cleaning, modelling and

analyzing data to achieve quality and useful information. The study used
open-end questionnaires and data collected was presented in form of a
table’s description analysis where it provided successful interpretation of
the findings. To answer the objectives, data were presented using
frequency tables to indicate the distribution percentage of how
communities cope with poor leadership, challenges facing community
members, effects of leadership on community members and their coping
mechanisms.

11
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION, DATA ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter represents the data analysis of data which was collected from
the 200 respondents and interpret research finding on the effects of
leadership on community development in Mutomo sub-county. It has also
presented findings of the study based on the data collection from the field.
In this chapter, the findings were analyzed using a statistical package for
community service to find the measure of mean, frequency, and
percentage. Frequency and percentage tables were presented in data
analysis.
4.2 QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE RATE

The numbers of respondents were 250 where the target required in the
study, 200 questionnaires were administered to respondents of the
Mutomo sub-county which includes all community members from all
towns of the Mutomo sub-county. Out of all 200 questionnaires
administered to community members of the Mutomo sub-county and 150
questionnaires were completed at 75% to a clear understanding of the
effects of leadership and the purpose of the research. The following
questionnaires were structured;
I. Effects of the attitude of the leader on community development.
II. Effects of the type of leadership on community development.
III. Effects of improving leadership style on community development.
The remaining 50 respondents failed to complete their questionnaires at the
duration required due to unknown reasons. Hence the analysis was based
on 150 respondents.

12
4.3 DEMOGRAPHIC OF THE RESPONDENTS

It is the study of a population based on factors such as employment,

education, birth rate, age, race, etc. The research gave out questionnaires to
a total of 200 community members, all of whom answered the
questionnaire except 50 respondents who never completed their
questionnaires at the right time. All the respondents were analyzed using
varying characteristics which include their age, education level, type of
employment, and gender.
4.3.1 GENDER OF THE RESPONDENTS

The study sought to establish the gender of the respondent as shown in the
table which indicates that 65% were female and 35% were male.
TABLE 4.3.1

GENDER FREQUENCE PERCENTAGE

FEMALE 65 65%

MALE 35 35%

TOTAL 100 100%

As indicated in the table above, (75%) of the respondents were female and
(25%) were male. This indicate that the percentage of female in the
community level is higher than the male

13
4.3.2 AGE OF SAMPLED RESPONDENTS

The study further sought to establish the age of the respondents

` TABLE 4.3.2

AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

18-23 10 5%

24-29 60 75%

30-35 17 11%

36 and above 13 9%

Total 100 100%

As indicated in the table above 4.3.2 age 24-29 years, 60 frequency has 75%.
This the age of youths in the community who are jobless and have nothing
to do with their living standards.
4.3.3 EDUCATION LEVEL

The study was interested in stabling if the educational level influenced the
respondent’s abilities.
Table 4.3.3
Education level frequency percentage
primary 8 8%
Secondary 10 10%
college 55 55%
university 27 27%
Total 100 100%

14
The majority of the respondents (55%) had attained education level up to
the college level. This implied that community members had demanding
double responsibility.
4.4 EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP

The effects of the attitude of the leaders on community development in the

Mutomo sub-county
Does attitude of leaders affects leadership?
Table 4.4.1
RESPONSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

YES 75 75%
NO 25 25%

TOTAL 100 100%

From the above table (4.4.1) the response of 150 respondents shows that
attitude affects so hard on community development due to yes response
had a frequency of 75 respondents and a high percentage of 75%.
4.5 EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP STYLE ON COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IN
MUTOMO SUB-COUNTY

Does type of leadership style affects the leadership?

Table 4.5.1
Percentage vote percentage
YES 80 NO 20 100%

15
4.6 EFFECTS OF FINDINGS OUT WAYS OF IMPROVING LEADERSHIP NATURE

Does ways of improving leadership nature affect leadership?

Below is the table of 4.6.1
Table 4.6.1
Percentage vote percentage
YES 85 NO 15 100%

16
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 introduction
This chapter represents the summary of the research that took off based on
objectives of the study which include effects of attitude on community
development, effects of leadership styles on community development, and
effects of finding out ways of improving leadership nature on community
development. In conclusion of the research will base more analysis on the
title of the project and justify the findings.
Through research study will recommend community agencies on board
and community developers to find out the solution that will curb
leadership problems and measure in the Mutumo sub-county.
5.2 SUMMARY

The overall objective of the study was to investigate how effective and
efficient leadership is working in Kenya. The study was based on three
specific objectives including effects of attitude on community
development, effects of leadership styles, and effects of finding out of
improving leadership nature.
In Keith Harrell’s book “Attitude is everything” it states that a person with
a negative attitude has the same power to influence others as a person with
an attitude. The difference however appears in the results. Positive
attitudes in the workplace help improve transparency, communication and
teamwork. The negative attitudes dismantle teamwork, increase stress and
cripple productivity. Burns theory of transformational leadership (1978)
describe transformational leadership as a process in which leaders and
followers rising one to a higher level of morality and motivation. The
transformation leader appeal to the higher idea and moral values of
followers such as liberty, justice, equality, peace, and humanitarianism.
According to Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory describe that leaders
activate higher-order needs in followers who are then elevated from their
everyday selves to their better selves.

17
5.3 CONCLUSION

The study established that leadership today is different from what it was
met years ago. Conger and kanungo (1997) develop a theory based on the
assumption that charisma is an attribute. Followers attribute certain Christ
mastic qualities to a leader based on the observation of the leader’s
behavior. They also identified aspects of leadership behavior possible for
these attributes based on research findings compared on Christ mastic
leaders. The study establishes that community members are faced with
challenges in terms of social, economic, and political.
In the Mutomo sub-county community members have great potential to
participate actively in community development activities which are not
exploited since the majority of the people live under the low living
standard.
5.4 RECOMMENDATION

In realization of the project work, a lot of observations were made; this

observation is what I am putting down as my recommendation:
I. Such project work should be given to the student on time to avoid the rush
and unnecessary pressure.
II. This initiative also, whoever wishes to embark on this project, should
improve on it. Such improvement can be by adding more effort and more
time to find effects and problems with the area.
5.5 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDY

The suggestion of further research should be done on the role of leadership

on community development in Mutomo Sub-county. Hence to improve the
standard of the community development within the Mutomo sub-county.
Then also requesting more frequency meeting to the members so has to
identify the problems affecting leadership.

18
 REFERENCES

Creswell, J. W. 2013. Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches.
3rd Editon. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
EPU. 2004. Transforming rural areas to uplift wellbeing of rural communities. Strategy Paper 4.
Director General Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department. Retrieved from
www.epu.gov.my/ sites/default/files/Strategy%20Paper%2004.pdf
Fiedler, F. E. and J. E. Garcia. 2013. New approaches to effective leadership: Cognitive
resources and organizational performance. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Freddie, A., R. C. Kim, and S. Copeland. 2013. Leadership and rural communities. International
Journal of Bussiness, Humanities and Technology 3(8):53-59.
Malaysia. 2012. NKRA Pembangunan Luar Bandar. Unit Pengurusan Prestasi dan Pelaksanaan
PEMANDU. Jabatan Perdana Menteri.
Meyer, J., T. Becker, and R.Van Dick. 2006. Social identities and commitments at work: Toward
an integrative model. Journal of Organizational Behavior 27: 665–683.
Mohamad, M. and A.D. Silong. 2010. Leadership roles in community development in Malaysia.
Journal of Global Business Management 6(2): 221-229
Scheffert, D. 2007. Community leadership: What does it take to see results. Journal of
Leadership Education 6(1): 174-189.
Stogdill, R.M. 1974. Handbook of Leadership: A Survey of the Literature. Free Press, New
York.
Sabran, M.S. 2003. An Introduction to Community Development and Leadership. Universiti
Putra Malaysia, Serdang.
The Economic Planning Unit. 2014. Rural Development Report. Prime Ministers Department,
Malaysia
Yukl, G. 2010. Leadership in organization. 7th Edition. New Prentice Hall Inc., Upper Saddle
River, N.J.

19
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1
INTRODUCTION LETTER

Josephine Munindi Mbuvi

P.O BOX 8

Kitui

8/07/2021

Dear sir/Madam

RE: REQUESTING FOR PERMISSION TO CARRY OUT RESEARCH

STUDY

I am a diploma student in community development at coast institute of

technology. Am currently doing my final exam research project at Mutomo
sub-county about effects of leadership. I would like to request for
permission in completing the questionnaire attached here. The information
obtained will be used as evidence of future reference and will be treated
with more confident.
Thank you for support
Yours sincerely,
Josephine M unindi Mbuvi.

20
APPENDIX II
RESPONDENTS REVIEWED

PART ONE PERSONAL INFORMATION

1. Please tick or select applicable option
I. Gender of the respondents
( ) Female
( ) Male
II. Age of respondents
( ) 18-23
( ) 24-29
( ) 30-35
( ) 36 and above
III. What is your highest level of education
No schooling ( )
Primary ( )
Secondary ( )
University ( )
PART TWO: SPECIFIC QUESTIONS
1. Please tick or select applicable option
Does attitude of the leaders address the leadership issues?
Yes ( )
No ( )
2. Do you agree that types of leadership has influenced development and
growth of sub-county?

21
 Yes ( )
No ( )
3. Do you agree that ways of improving leadership styles has impacts on
leadership nature?
4. If yes in (3) above in which way ………………… if no ,what do you think
should be done to improve this

APPENDIX 2: CONSENT FORM

LOGO
COAST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR – COAST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY VOI
MAIN CAMPUS
P.O BOX 34-80300,
VOI,
TEL: 04302030011 ,FAX:04302030600
EMAIL VOICAMPUSCIT@YAHOO.COM.

8 JULY 2021.
RE: JOSEPHINE MUNINDI MBUVI 13040/BS/DCD/M/K/SEPT18
This is to confirm that JOSEPHINE MUNINDI MBUVI is a registered student of Coast
Institute of Technology registered for Diploma in Community Development and social
work (community development option). As part of the requirement for the Diploma
certificate in Coast Institute of Technology ,JOSEPHINE MUNINDI MBUVI is required
to undertake a research work on ”effects of food insecurity on community
development in Mutomo sub location, kitui county .The information awarded to her
will be used for the purpose of research only and will be confidentiality handled. Any
assistance accorded to her will be highly appreciated.
Yours faithfully,
Principal,
Coast Institute of Technology.

22
23