IMAT Equation +

Formula Sheet

Chemistry

Charles’ Law
!! !!
=
!! !!

Boyle’s Law
𝑃1𝑉1 = 𝑃2𝑉2

Moles Equations
m = nMr (mass = number of moles x molar mass)

n = cV (moles = concentration x volume)

V=24n (volume = molar volume x moles)

Number of particles = moles x Avogadro’s number

Avogadro’s number
6.02 x 1023 (3sf)

Acid-Base
pH = -log10[H+]

Physics

Kinematics:

!" !! !
§ General: v=  ,   a =  
!" !!!

∆!
§ Uniform motion: v =  
∆!

§ Uniformly accelerating motion: 𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡,

!
𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 ! ,
!
!
𝑠= 𝑢+𝑣 𝑡
!
𝑣 ! = 𝑢 ! + 2𝑎𝑠,
!
𝑠 = 𝑣𝑡 − 𝑎𝑡 !
!

!! !!!
§ Circular motion: 𝑎 = , 𝑣=
! !

§ Simple harmonic motion: 𝑥 = 𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 ,

!"
𝑣= = 𝐴𝜔𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔𝑡
!"
!"
𝑎= = −𝐴𝜔 ! 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 = −ω! 𝑥
!"

Dynamics:

!"
§ General (Newton’s 2nd law): 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 =
!"

!!! !!
§ Gravitational force: 𝐹=
!!

§ Weight: 𝑊 = 𝑚𝑔

§ Friction: 𝐹 = 𝜇𝑅

!
§ Density: 𝜌 =
!

!!"#$%&
§ Specific gravity: 𝑠  =  
!!"#"!"$%"

!
§ Kinetic energy: 𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣 !
!

§ Gravitational potential energy: 𝐺𝑃𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ

§ Work done: 𝑊 = 𝐹𝑑

§ Momentum: 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣

§ Impulse: 𝐼 = 𝐹Δ𝑡

§ Moment of a force: M  =  Fd  sin θ

§ Moment of a couple: 𝑀 = 𝐹𝑑!"#$""%

Fluid Mechanics:

!
§ Pressure: 𝑃=
!

!! !!
§ Pascal’s Principle: =
!! !!

§ Stevin’s Law: 𝑃 = 𝜌𝑔ℎ

Thermodynamics:

!
§ Heat capacity: 𝐶=
!!

!
§ Specific heat capacity: 𝑐=
!!!

§ Ideal gas: 𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇

Electrostatics & Electrodynamics:

!!! !!
§ Coulomb’s Law: 𝐹=
!!

! !"
§ Electric field: 𝐸 = =
! !!

!
§ Electric potential/Voltage: 𝑉 =
!

!
§ Current: 𝐼 =
!

§ Ohm’s Law: 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅

!"
§ Resistivity: 𝑅=
!

!
§ Capacitance: 𝐶 =
!

!
§ Dieletric constant: 𝜖! =
!!

! !!
§ Power: 𝑃 = = 𝐼𝑉 = = 𝐼!𝑅
! !

Maths
Algebra & Numerical Sets:
!
!
§ Powers with rational exponents: 𝑎! =   𝑎

§ Logarithms: log ! 𝑏 = 𝑐  ⟺  𝑎 ! = 𝑏

§ Factorials: 𝑛! = 𝑛 ⋅ 𝑛 − 1 ⋅   …   ⋅ 2 ⋅ 1

! !!
§ Number of combinations for r objects out of n objects: !
=
!!! !!!

!!± ! ! !!!"
§ Quadratic formula: 𝑥 =
!!

!
! !
§ Binomial Expansion: 𝑥+𝑎 = !
𝑥 ! 𝑎 !!!
!!!

Functions:

!"#  !
§ Definition of tan function: tan 𝜃 =  
!"# ! 

§ Trigonometric identity: cos ! θ + sin! θ = 1

Geometry:

§ Circumference of a circle: 𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑟

§ Area of a circle: A = 𝜋𝑟 !

§ Area of a rectangle: A = 𝑏 ⋅ ℎ

!
§ Area of a triangle: 𝐴 = 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶
!

§ Volume of a cuboid: 𝑉 = 𝑙 ⋅𝑤 ⋅ℎ

§ Volume of a sphere: 𝑉 = π𝑟 ! ℎ

!
§ Volume of a cylinder: 𝑉 = π𝑟 ! ℎ
!

!
§ Conversion between radians and degrees: Radians =   ⋅  Degrees
!"#

§ Pythagoras’ theorem: 𝑎 ! + 𝑏 ! = 𝑐 !

!""#$%&' !"#$%&'( !""#$%&'

§ Trigonometry: sin θ = ,    cos θ = ,    tan θ =
!"#$%&'()& !"#$%&'()& !"#$%&'(

§ Cosine rule: 𝑎 ! = 𝑏 ! + 𝑐 ! − 2𝑏𝑐 cos 𝐴

!"# ! !"# ! !"#$

§ Sine rule:  =   = 
! ! !

§ Distance between two points: 𝑑 = 𝑥! − 𝑥! ! + 𝑦! − 𝑦! !

!! !!! !! !!!
§ Midpoint between two points: 𝑀𝑖𝑑𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 = , 
! !

§ Equation of a straight line: 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐

!! –!!
§ Gradient of a straight line: m  =  
!! –!!

§ Equation of a circle: 𝑥 − 𝑎 !   +   𝑦 − 𝑏 !   =  𝑟 !

!! !!
§ Equation of an ellipse: + =1
!! !!

§ Equation of a parabola: 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 ! + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐

!! !!
§ Equation of a hyperbola:  −    =  1
!! !!

Probability & Statistics:

!!
§ Number of permutations for r objects out of n objects: 𝑃!! =
!!! !