Motor Handbook Motor Handbook
Glossary Glossary
10 Glossary
ANILINE: A highly polar aromatic liquid that swells nitrile rubber
considerably.
ANILINE POINT: Aniline point is the temperature at which oil is
completely miscible with aniline. The lower the aniline point for oil, the
more similar the oil is to aniline in polarity and its swelling power.
AROMATIC COMPOUND: Any of a large class of organic compounds
including BENZENE and compounds that resemble benzene in
chemical properties. Aromatics typically have a strong chemical odor
and are generally very reactive with organic materials such as plastic
and rubber.
AZIMUTH: Direction of a course measured in a clockwise direction
from 0-360ϒ from zero degrees as north; also “Bearing”.
BENDING MOMENT: Moment tending to bend the drill string or
bottomhole assembly.
BENDING STRESS: Alternating tensile and compressive stresses to
which the drill stem is subjected when buckling occurs while the drill
stem is rotating; cause of metal fatigue.
BENT SUB: Sub used above a downhole motor to impart a bend to a
straight bottomhole assembly.
BIT BOX GAP: Clearance above the motor’s rotating bit box and the
stationary housing above it.
BIT STABILIZATION: Stabilization of a downhole assembly near the
bit; a stabilized bit is forced to rotate around its own axis.
BOTTOMHOLE ASSEMBLY (BHA): Assembly comprised of the bit,
motor, MWD/LWD, stabilizers, reamers, drill collars, jars, subs, etc., used
at the bottom of the drill string.
BUILD ANGLE: Act of increasing the inclination of the drilled hole; rate
of change (ϒ/100 ft) of the increasing angle in the hole.
CLEARANCE: Space between the outer diameter of the tool and the
side of the drilled hole; the difference in the diameter of the hole and
the tool.
COMPRESSION OF STATOR: Amount of stator rubber deformation
due to the dimensional interference between the stator and mating rotor.
(Sometimes called interference.)
CONTROLLED DIRECTIONAL DRILLING: Art/science involving the
intentional deflection of a wellbore in a specific direction in order to reach
a predetermined objective below earth’s surface.
CONVENTIONAL MOTOR: Standard length power section motor
used in conventional directional applications.
COURSE: Axis of the borehole over an interval length.
134
COURSE DEVIATION: Length of a line made by projecting a course
length onto a horizontal plane; by practice, the horizontal displacement
between two stations.
DEFLECTION TOOLS: Drilling tools and equipment used to change
the inclination and direction of a drilled wellbore.
DEPARTURE: Horizontal displacement of one station from another in
an east or west direction.
DIFFERENTIAL STICKING: Action of a different pressure holding the
drill stem against the wall of the borehole.
DISPLACEMENT: Lateral distance from the surface location to the pri-
mary target.
DOGLEG SEVERITY: A measure of the amount of change in inclination
and/or direction of a wellbore, expressed in ϒ/100 ft.
DRAG: Extra force needed to move the drill stem resulting from the drill
stem being in contact with the wall of the wellbore.
DRIFT: Horizontal component of the distance from the surface to any
certain point in the wellbore (usually the bottom of the wellbore).
DROP OFF RATE: Rate of change in the part of the wellbore where
inclination is purposely turned toward vertical, expressed in ϒ/100 ft.
GO-DEVIL: Dropping a tool or instrument to free fall from the surface
through the drilling fluid within the drill stem.
GYROSCOPIC SURVEY: A directional survey conducted using a gyro-
scope for directional control, usually used where magnetic directional
control cannot be obtained.
HEAVY WEIGHT DRILL PIPE (HWDP): Drill pipe fabricated with thick
wall tube frequently used in place of drill collars to apply WOB.
HIGH SIDE OF HOLE: Opposite side of the hole from the low side, the
low side being determined by the force of gravity, and on which a free
length of pipe would rest.
HSN: A highly saturated nitrile (HSN) stator rubber with improved re-
sistance to chemical attack from non-water based muds and higher tem-
perature capability than standard stator rubber.
HOLE AXIS: A line through the center of the hole.
HOLE AZIMUTH ANGLE: Angle between north and the projection of
the hole axis onto a horizontal plane.
HORIZONTAL DISPLACEMENT: Distance between two points pro-
jected onto a horizontal plane.
HYDRAULIC THRUST: A load created by a pressure differential act-
ing over an area.
135