Chapter 19

Lecture Outline

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 Tumors
year 1

Human biology
Chapter 19
 ‫أالستاذ الدكتور محمد شنين علي العبادي‬
‫بكلوريوس بالطب والجراحة العامة‪/‬كلية الطب‪-‬جامعة النهرين‬
‫شهادة البورد العراقي بأمراض الدم‬
‫أستاذ واستشاري امراض الدم‬
‫‪M. B. Ch. B. and F. I. B. M. S‬‬
‫)‪(Hematopathology‬‬
‫‪Professor and consultant‬‬
‫‪hematopathologist‬‬
Tumors

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 Important Points (Objectives)
• Define a tumor
• What are the types of tumors?
• What are the stages in the development of
cancers?
• What is metastasis?
• What are the causes of tumors?

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 Tumor (neoplasia)
Neo means new
Plasia means growth
Neoplasia means NEW GROWTH of tissue

Tumor means new growth of tissue

inside any tissue of the body. This
abnormal growth of abnormal tissue
causes problems to the original tissue
and problems to the whole body

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 Types of tumors
1. Benign tumors
2. Malignant tumors (cancers)

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 Criteria of benign tumors
Abnormal tissue (abnormal growth) will surround itself by a
capsule separating it from the original tissue. This abnormal
mass will cause pressure problems to the original tissue,
but no problems to the whole body. This mass will not enter
(invade) surrounding other tissues.

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 Criteria of benign tumors
Abnormal tissue (abnormal growth) will surround itself by a
capsule separating it from the original tissue. This abnormal
mass will cause pressure problems to the original tissue,
but no problems to the whole body. This mass will not enter
(invade) surrounding other tissues.

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 Criteria of malignant tumors
Abnormal tissue (abnormal growth) will not surround itself
by a capsule. This abnormal mass will cause problems to
the original tissue with problems to the whole body. This
mass will enter (invade) surrounding other tissues and
cause additional problems.

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19.1 tumor Cells

Characteristics of tumor cells

1. Very high ability to divide to form another tissue

2. Abnormal morphology
3. Others

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19.1 tumor Cells
phases in the development of
tumor cells
• Initiation – a single cell undergoes a mutation
that causes it to divide repeatedly

• Promotion – a tumor (mass) develops

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19.1 tumor Cells

What is metastasis?

Metastasis occurs when cells move into the

bloodstream or lymphatic vessels and form new
tumors (new growth) at other sites (other tissues)

It occurs in malignant tumors and not in benign

tumors.

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19.1 Cancers

Carcinoma and sarcoma

• Carcinomas: cancers of the epithelial tissue

• Sarcomas: cancers of muscle and connective

tissues

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Thank you