PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

LABORATORY MODULE 05:

Newton’s Laws of Motion

Prepared by:

GINA L. ANCAJAS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
Title Page Time
Allotment
Laboratory Module 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF 4 11.79 HRS
MOTION
 Ball bounce Experiment 4 1
 Penny on a Card 5 1
 Crater experiment 6 2
 Soft ball 6 2
 Hot wheels 6 2

 Wagon and string 6 2

 Hero’s engine 7 2

Laboratory format 8

Rubrics 8

References 9

LEARNING OUTCOMES

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES

2
TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

CLO 4. Develop a sense of

appreciation of the subject by
bringing and applying the
concepts to interesting and TLO 8. Interpret the
MODULE LEARNING OUTCOMES
real life situation and in the procedures prescribed in the
industry. activity guide.
CLO 5. Demonstrate their MLO 1. Carry out
ability to exhibit accurate TLO 9. Perform simple experiment at home using
measurements and laboratory experiments improvised apparatus and
calculations. materials available.
following scientific methods
CLO7. Develop their & observing safety
scientific method of problem MLO 2. Describe Newton’s
precautions. laws of motion from
solving
experimental observations.
CLO8. Demonstrate the TLO 10. . Describe the
ability to evaluate, integrate principles of the three (3) MLO 5. Record
and apply appropriate Newton’s Laws of Motion experimental data and
information/data from the TLO 12. Write Laboratory observations with accuracy
experimentation process with reports and precision, draw
accuracy and precision to
conclusions and write
create and write a good
technical laboratory report. laboratory report

DISCUSSION

3
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
Newton’s first law of motion tells us that a body at rest will remain at rest until acted upon by an
external force and a body in uniform motion in a straight line will continue its state until it is
acted upon an external force. The resistance of an object to change from its present state is called
inertia. From our observations, the mass of an object determines its inertia. The greater the mass,
the greater is the object’s inertia, the greater is its resistance from its present state.

While his second law of motion states that the force exerted by a moving object is equal to its
mass times its acceleration in the direction from which it is pushed, stated as the formula
F=ma. Because force is proportional to mass and acceleration, doubling either the mass or
acceleration while leaving the other constant will double the force of impact; the force of
impact increases when an object of constant weight is subject to greater acceleration.

Newton’s third law of motion states that the force that an object exerts on the second object is
equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force exerted by the second object to the first.
This law explained about the action-reaction pair of forces. An object that is given a force will
create reaction towards us.

You can explore in the following different experiments that demonstrate these principles.

A. Ball Bounce Experiment

https://www.metrofamilymagazine.com/simple-science-experiments-newtons-first-law-of-
motion/

Materials:

  A basketball or soccer ball, or similar bouncy ball

  a smaller bouncy ball (like a tennis ball or a racquet ball).
  Have an assortment of other balls handy for further experimenting.

Procedure:  Do this experiment outside

1. First bounce the basketball and tennis ball side by side to compare their bounces. Start
them off around chest height
2.  Make a hypothesis (a guess) about what will happen when you stack the small ball on
top of the bigger one and then drop it
3. Try it! It may take a couple tries to line them up just right but the results are pretty
awesome

4
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION

B. Penny on a Card Experiment

Materials for the Penny on the Card Experiment:

  a small plastic cup,

  a playing card
  a coin.

Procedure:

  Put a playing card on top of the plastic cup

  Put a coin on top of the card
  With a sharp flick, hit the card out from under the coin! Or pull it really quickly toward
you.
  The coin will drop into the cup.

Another cool example of inertia: Put your hand, palm side up, next to your ear. Put a coin on
your elbow. In one swift motion, bring your hand straight forward and try to catch the coin
before it drops. If you’re fast (and lucky) enough, you will catch the coin before gravity has a
chance to bring it down.
(Steve Davala is a middle school science teacher who likes to write. He’s got two kids of his own and subjects them
to these science activities as guinea pigs. Follow him on Twitter or email him at steve.davala@gmail.com.)

 
C. Crater Experiment

Collect a rock and a wadded up piece of paper. Because gravity's acceleration is constant, all
objects fall at the same rate regardless of their mass. Test this law by dropping both items
simultaneously and watching them fall at the same speed. Now place a bowl filled with
powdered sugar or flour underneath the rock, and drop it from a fixed height into the powder.
Set the bowl to the side, being careful not to disturb the powder in it. Drop the ball of paper

from the same height into a bowl with the same amount of the same powder. Compare the
craters in the powder created by each impact.

5
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
D. Softball Experiment

Screw an eyelet into a softball and another into the lintel of a door frame. Hang the softball
from the door frame by a piece of string tied through the eyelets so that it hangs a few
centimeters above the floor. Mark the spot directly underneath the softball's resting position.
Move the hanging softball and place another softball on the marked spot. Pull the hanging
softball back so it is three feet from the ground and release it so it swings and hits the softball
on the floor. Measure the distance the softball on the floor travels. Repeat the experiment,
substituting a plastic Wiffle ball for the softball on the floor, and measure how far it rolls after
impact.

E. Hot Wheels Experiment

Construct a simple ramp 18 inches high and about 24 inches long using a piece of thin
plywood and bricks. Place a toy car at the top of the ramp. Release it and measure how far it
rolls. Tape two metal washers to the car, release it from the ramp and measure how far it rolls.
Repeat the experiment with five washers taped to the top of the car.

F.Wagon and String

Obtain a child's wagon, some light cotton string or thread, and two or three small volunteers.
Tie the string around the wagon handle and leave 2 or 3 feet of string hanging off the handle to
pull with. Begin with an empty wagon. On flat, level ground such as a sidewalk, and from a
standing start, pull the string until you reach a comfortable walking speed. Note the effort it
takes to pull the wagon. Next, have one of your volunteers sit in the wagon and once again pull
the string until you reach walking speed. Note the effort needed to pull the wagon. The string
can take only a small amount of force before it breaks; the more riders in your wagon, the more
force you need to pull it, until you pass the string's breaking point.

https://sciencing.com/second-law-motion-experiments-6952612.html

G.Hero’s Engine 

To explore this idea more fully, you can easily construct your very own device called
an aeolipile (sometimes referred to as Hero’s Engine or a Hero engine). Created by an engineer
named Hero of Alexandria about 2000 years ago, this invention was able to show one way in
which an action can lead to an equal and opposite reaction: an example of Newton's third law.

Materials
https://www.education.com/science-fair/article/newton-law-motion-action-reaction/

 Plastic cup
 2 plastic bendable straws
 String

6
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
 Craft knife
 Water and sink
 Modeling clay

Procedure

1. Take plastic cup and have an adult help you poke two small holes near the top rim on
opposite sides from one another.
2. Thread string through the holes and tie a knot so that the cup can be suspended from the
string.
3. Have an adult make two slightly larger holes near the bottom of the cup as seen in the
picture below (make sure these holes are just large enough for the straws to fit through)
4. Cut each straw about 1.5 inches below its bendable portion.
5. Slide the straws into the holes. Make sure that they both point in a clockwise direction.
6. Use your modeling clay to seal the space between the cup and the straw so that no water
leaks out when you fill the cup.
7. Hold the finished Hero engine away from your body. Pour water into the cup and
observe.

Author: Justine Rembac

Data Analysis:

In each of the above activities, give your observation and explanation of your results and
findings.

7
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
FORMAT OF LABORATORY REPORT

I. TITLE
II. OBJECTIVES
III. MATERIALS/APPARATUS
IV. PROCEDURES (in passive form)
V. DATA/RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
VI. ANSWERS TO QUESTION/DATA ANALYSIS (if there are any)
VII. CONCLUSION

RUBRICS
CRITERIA GOOD BETTER BEST
1. OBJECTIVES ARE 1-3 4-7 8-10
MET/COMPLETE (10 PTS)
2. PRESENTATION 1-2 3-4 5
(writing & video) are clear (5
PTS)
3. CONCLUSIONS REACHED 1-2 3-4 5
(5 PTS)
4. TIMELINESS (5 PTS) 1-2 3-4 5
(late) (on deadline) (before deadline)
TOTAL (25 PTS)

POINTS GRADE
EQUIVALENT
25 1.0
23-24 1.25
21-22 1.5
19-20 1.75
17-18 2.0
15-16 2.25
13-14 2.5
11-12 2.75
10 3.0
1-9 4.0
0 5.0

NOTE: This rubric is for your guidance on how to get a better grade.

REFERENCES

8
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
LABORATORY MODULE 05: NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION
https://www.metrofamilymagazine.com/simple-science-experiments-newtons-first-law-of-
motion/

Schnotz, Wilhelm. Updated April 30,2018. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/second-law-

motion-experiments-6952612.html

https://www.education.com/science-fair/article/newton-law-motion-action-reaction/