THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

The Russian Alphabet

абвгдеёжзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюя
VOCABULARY
Mom – mama (MAMA)/ mat (мать) Cat – kot (KOT)
Father – Papa (пAпA) No – ni-et (HET)
Sister – syestra (CICPTA)
Restaurant – restoran’
(PECTOPAH)
Yes – dah (Дa)
This is... – Eto (pron.: e-
ta’h) . . . (эto)
Airport – aeroport (aэpoпopт)
Window – akno’ (pron.: ak’no)
(okнo)
Husband – muzh’ (pron.: mu-
zsh’) (myж)
Wife – zhena (pron.: zhye-na’)
(жeHa)

Personal Pronoun
I – yah (я)
You – tiy (ты) /formal: viy (вы)
He – O’n (он)
She – ona (pron.: a’na) (она)
It – ono (pron.: a’no) (оно)

Professions
Teacher – uchityel (pron.: uchee-teel) (учителъ)
Doctor – doktor (pron.: dokt(a)r) (доктор)
Engineer – eenzhyenyer (иженер)
Basketball player – basketbalist
Football player – futbalist
Volleyball player – valyebalist
Professor – prafyessor
Actress - Aktreesa

Vocabulary and Pronunciation

Live – zheet (жить)
Circus – Tsirk (цирк)
Dream (goal) – myechta (мечта)
Egg – y’ytso (яйцо)
Bunny – zay’ts (заяц)
Crumble – myat (мять)
Milk – m(a)l(a)ko (молоко’)
Tuesday – ftorneek (вто’рник)
Tran station – vagzal (вокзал)

Ъ VS ь
Whenever a word contains Ъ, these mean that the first syllable
before the character must be separated with the next syllable,
and it should be joined. Example,
Родъезд – instead of reading this as rodyezhd, it should be read
as rod-yezhd (creating two obviously separated syllables).
Whenever a word contains ь, the pronunciation of the letter
should be soft (almost silence).
Vowel Reduction
In Russian language, regular O can be pronounced as AE if it’s
not stressed (o’), like москва which should be pronounced as
M(A)SKVA not MOSKVA. Like молоко’ this should be pronounced as
MALAKO not MOLOKO
Voiced and Unvoiced
 Whenever these Russian letters are being placed at the end
of the word, it should be pronounced as unvoiced.
Voiced - Unvoiced
Б (b) = п (p)
В (v) = ф (f)
Г (g) = к (k)
Д (d) = т (t)
Ж (zh) = ш (sh)
З (z) = с (s)
Let’s say for example, the word “петервург” should be pronounced
as PETERBURK, not PETERBURG. And горбачёв is not GORBACHYOV but
G(A)RBACHYOF
 Whenever one of the voiced consonants is being followed by
other voice consonant
Let say for example, бо’дка, since дк are both voiced consonants,
this should be pronounced as тк, and can be read as VOTKA, not
VODKA.
 Whenever a voiced consonant is followed by non-voiced
consonant, the voiced consonant will become non-voiced
consonant.
Ley say вто’рник (Tuesday), since voiced consonant в is followed
by non-voiced consonant т, the voiced consonant в will become
non-voiced consonant, there for it can be read as F’TORNEEK
 Whenever a non-voiced consonant is followed by voiced
consonants, the non-voiced consonant will become voiced
consonants.
Let say вокзал (train station), since non-voiced consonant к is
followed by voiced-consonant з, к will become voice consonant г,
therefore it can be read as VAGZAL, not VOKZAL.
Greetings
Hello – sdrasdvuytye (здравствуйте)
Hi – pree’viet (привет)
Good Morning – dobraye utra (До’брое утро)
Good afternoon – dobrey dyeen (до’брый денъ)
Good evening – dobrey vyechir (до’брый вечер)
How are you? – Kak dyeela? (как дела?)
Good/fine – kharasho (хорошо’)
Not good/ bad – plokha (пло'хо)
Normal – narmalna (нормалъно)
Good bye – da-sveedanya (до свидания)
Bye – pa’ka (пока)

Russian Nouns
Noun in Russian is “rot” (род)
I – yah (я)
You – tiy (ты) /formal: viy (вы)
He – O’n (он)
She – ona (pron.: a’na) (она)
It – ono (pron.: a’no) (оно)

Man – muzh’chyna [mush’yna] (мужчйна)

Father – papa (папа)
Uncle – dya’dya (дядя)
Boy – mal’chik (малъчик)

Woman – zhyen’schina (женщина)

Mother – mama (мама)
Aunt – tyo’tya (тётя)
Girl – dye’vachka (девочка)

In Russian language, object have genders, and too differentiate

their genders, we have to look on what letter it ends.

All words ending with consonants or (y) й, it should be on

masculine gender.

Example:
The table – on sto’l (он стол)
The telephone – on tyelyefo’n (он телефон)
The microphone – on mikrafo’n (он микрофон)
The museum – on muzye’y (он музей)
The factory – on zavo’t (он завод)

All words ending with A or я (yah) should be on feminine gender.

Example:
Snake – ona zmyeya (она змея)
Winter – ona zeema (она зима)
Car – ona masheena (она машина)
Book – ona kneega (она книга)

All the words that ending with E (ye) and o are objects that have
no gender.

Example:
Wine – ono’ veeno (оио вино)
Sea – ono’ morye (оио море)
Window – ono’ akno (оио окно)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALI7C6Z_84A
18:50