A Seminar Report on

BIOMASS
Submitted by
K.SURENDRA REDDY
(182P5A0307)
IN
Mechanical Engineering

CHAITANYA BHARATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Vidyanagar, Proddatur - 516360.
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2020 - 2021

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CHAITANYA BHARATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Vidyanagar, Proddatur - 516360.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

A Seminar Report on
“BIOMASS”

SUBMITTED BY
NAME: K.SURENDRA REDDY
ROLL NO: 182P5A0307

Signature of the Signature of the Signature of the

Student Coordinator HOD

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.NO NAME PAGE NO

1 ABSTRACT 4

2 INTRODUCTION 5

3 TYPES 6

4 RESOURCES 7

5 ENERGY SOURCE 8

6 USES 10

7 ADVANTAGES 11

8 DISADVANTAGES 12

9 FUTURE 13

10 CONCLUSIONS 14

11 RECOMMENDATIONS 15

12 REFERENCES 16

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Abstract
➢ With a drastic increase in population growth, energy consumption
has increased unprecedentedly. The exploitation of fossil fuels, for
energy supply, has led to its uncontrolled depletion. The need for the
development of renewable energy sources has turned out to be the need
of the hour. Further, the menace of climate change, global warming, and
environmental pollution must be tackled simultaneously. The abundance
of biomass and its immense potential as a renewable source of energy
makes it a suitable alternative to be used for energy production,
conversion, and storage. The thermal treatment of biomass, via methods
such as gasification and pyrolysis, yields biochar, bio-oil, and syngas.
These are excellent sources of clean energy. Biochar is used as a catalyst
for pyrolysis, syngas production, and trans-esterification. The biochar-
based materials are used for technologies like fuel cells, super
capacitors, and batteries. Biomass-derived materials could, therefore,
help in energy production, conversion, and storage, which would help us
in sustainable development and making our world energy secure.
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Introduction
➢ What is biomass??
➢ Biomass is renewable organic material that comes
from plants and animals.
➢ Biomass contains stored chemical energy from the
sun.
➢ Plants produce biomass through photosynthesis.
➢ Biomass can be burned directly for heat or converted
to renewable liquid and gaseous fuels through
various processes.
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Biomass Resources
➢ Wood and agricultural biomass (wood logs,
chips, sawdust, bark and other organic
material.
➢ Solid waste, by burning garbage heat and
energy is produced.
➢ Landfill gas, Methane gas is produced by the
bacterial decay of dead plants and animals.
➢ Alcohol fuels, Wheat, corn and other crops can be
converted into a variety of liquid fuels including
ethanol and methanol.

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Converting biomass energy into
a useable energy source
➢ Direct incineration
➢ Bacterial Decay (methane gas produced by
the bacterial decay of dead plants or
animals).
➢ Fermentation, adding yeast to biomass
produces an alcohol called ethanol.
➢ Conversion, Biomass can be converted into gas or
liquid fuels by using chemicals or heat.
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U s e s of B i o m a s s
➢ 80% of biomass energy is produced for
residential use.
➢ 79% of the biomass we use today comes from
burning wood and chips.
➢ Biomass is used to heat homes; Wood is burned in
open fires or wood pellet boilers and stoves.
➢ 18% of biomass is produced for industrial use.
➢ 2% of biomass energy is produced for
transport.

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A d v a n t a g e s of B i o m a s s
➢ The main Advantages of Biomass are:
➢ Biomass is a renewable fuel source.
➢ Biomass energy production results in
minimal environmental impact.
➢ Employment generation in rural areas.
➢ Alcohol fuels are efficient and clean
burning.
➢ The availability of biomass fuels is
universal.
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D i s a d v a n t a g e s of B i o m a s s
➢ When combusted to produce energy it
contributes directly to global warming.
➢ An expensive source to produce and
convert.
➢ On a small scale there is a likely net loss in
energy; as energy must be put in to grow the
plant mass.

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Th e f u t u r e of B i o m a s s
➢ Infinite fossil fuel resources are depleting.
➢ Our dependency on oil must be reduced.
➢ Renewable forms of energy generation will be
required to serve the global energy requirements.
➢ Ireland has a goal of 16%use of renewable
energy by2020(3.9% in 2008)
➢ Today it accounts for 10% of the worlds energy
consumption.

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Conclusions
➢ Today we have looked at the various
different aspects of Biomass including:
➢ The sources.
➢ The conversion of biomass to useable
energy sources.
➢ The uses of Biomass.
➢ The advantages and disadvantages
➢ The future of Biomass.
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Recommendations
➢ Biomass offers a renewable solution to the fast
approaching global energy crisis.
➢ Biomass is more eco friendly on the
environment than most other energy
generation methods.
➢ E.U.policy is setting onerous targets for renewable
energy generation and biomass can be used to help
meet these targets.
➢ Biomass will create much needed employment in
this Irish recession economy.
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Bibliography reference
➢ Introduction:
http://lsa.colorado.edu/summarystreet/texts/biomass.ht m
➢ Sources of biomass:
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/biomass
➢ Uses of biomass and image:
➢ Biomass:http:www.greenfacts.org/en/biofuels/figtableb
oxes/figure-5.htm
➢ Advantages and
disadvantages:http://library.thinkquest.org/20331/types/
biomass/advant.html
➢ http://www.seai.ie/Renewables/

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Are there any questions?

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Thank you.

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