Earthquakes are one of the most destructive geologic hazards that frequently happen in

our country. Our location in the Pacific Ring of Fire and other structural vulnerability factors
paved way for massive destruction and a high number of casualties. It is pragmatic and statutory
that these hazards are recognized due to the fact that these are unstoppable and unpredictable but
due to modern technology and advanced geographic studies, we can presume it to happen in
certain areas for mitigation and advanced preparation. Recurrent natural disasters such as
earthquakes have prompted the Philippine government to develop Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (DRRM) strategies to better mitigate, prepare, respond, and recover to be more
resilient against these natural disasters. Historical earthquake phenomena that particularly
affected the National Capital Region (NCR) were key in advancing significant DRRM laws and
regulations, as well as restructuring its governing bodies that are felicitous and timely for this
generation (Iuchi, 2019). During the concurrent times, one of the presumed earthquakes that can
happen anytime in Metro Manila is the “Big One.” The said earthquake has a magnitude of 7.2
which is equivalent to the energy of 63.5 Hiroshima bombs. The estimated numbers of casualties
are 34, 000 fatalities and 114, 000 injuries. Meanwhile, the estimated number of damaged
properties are 170, 000 residential house will collapse and 340, 000 houses will be partly
damaged. Multiple disaster response teams such as concerning the viable methods and mitigation
of Metropolitan Manila have since prepared for the ‘Big One’ as to cases where it happens
hereafter. In this light, they have prepared and proposed information dissemination as to what
must be done when the earthquake effectuates. It is annunciated from their study that in order to
make a quick and safe evacuation, it is necessary to formulate a clear-cut evacuation plan,
specifically, to create evacuation routes. The problem was treated as a multi-objective
optimization problem wherein the evacuation distance was minimized and the arrival probability
maximized (Artuz et al., 2018). Another study suggests that is pertaining to a prevention
approach, a proven strategy based on international schemes were the basic and primary
precautions like safety measures, the importance of application of self-protection, as well as the
stabilization of facilities, hotline numbers, rescues, and professionals within the country
(Hosseini & Izadkhah, 2020). These are just some steps depicted for the result of utilization and
implementation of these measures to our holistic emergency management plan.

Emergency management plans are essential junctures that provide a guideline for the
management of the immediate actions and operations required to respond to an emergency or
disaster such as earthquakes. More importantly, they play a key role in the overall protection of
lives, live assets, valuable research, property, the community, and the environment. Though it
undergoes different consequential phases, well-prepared emergency response and prevention
supported by integrative plans can greatly mitigate the significant impact, improve preparedness,
and sustain recovery from earthquake incidents. However, most emergency plans remain as
plain-text documents, which make it futile if not effectuated drastically and sequentially to the
regions. Though difficult to conduct efficiently during these times, rightful operational use of
plans, drills, and demonstrations follow substantial knowledge retrieval and acquisition: affecting
emergency training during the preparation process as well as plan review at the scene of the
accident. Additionally, the knowledge codified in emergency plans is mostly practiced and
performed out realistically by professionals and citizenry, if exemplified vividly and rationally
(Luo et al., 2016). That is why Emergency Management Plans are instilled and denoted to
curricula that serve as part of the all-inclusive strategies of the Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (DRRM) to clearly convey the instructions of response procedures and relative
information. Overall, the final Emergency Management Plan will succor and fasten its efficacy
and contribution to all possible beneficiaries.
Disaster plans, when aided properly for students, can develop fast decision-making and
response to precautions, instructions, and possible self-injuries when no professional or
companion is present as the earthquake takes place. Aside from understanding and application,
cognitive recovery is of utmost importance since they are the most vulnerable in this situation.
As for the teachers, this paper will serve as a contribution for the proper execution of instructions
and lectures to their handled individuals on maneuvers to the disaster. Not will only this benefit
their sections but also spread added learnings brought up by this paper to their colleagues as to
diminish wrong guidance to the students. The significance of this paper to the administrators is
for the foremost reason to implement and advance other possible systems of instruction within
the curricula for better foster and development of awareness to the response on casualties like
earthquakes dealt with within this paper. Apart from that cause is that they are the first
responders to a school affair with emergencies that is why evaluating different management
plans is for them to of utmost considerate and appraise. This will not just protect the welfare of
every person inside the premises but also every item and facility they could have conserved if
immediate response transpires within their system. Lastly, for all-important for the human race
and the community, certain plans put out by the administrators venture out to certain education
committees that are utilized for the general management plan of the country’s welfare. Probable,
that this paper can be the contributed document for a better response and plan to disaster risk
reductions concerning earthquakes locally. Therefore, every plan is diverse but when analyze and
put out together, it can ensure and succumb the safety of every being and individual involved:
students, teachers, administrators, and the citizenry must work together for this to thrive.
 References

Artuz, B. B., Juadiong, K. M. M., Gabo, A. K. S., & Simon, R. C. (2018). Identifying optimal
earthquake evacuation routes using genetic algorithm. PISIKA-Journal of the Physics
Society of the Philippines, 1(1), 07-07. https://doi.org/10.20526/pisika.01a18.07
Hosseini, K. A., & Izadkhah, Y. O. (2020). From “Earthquake and safety” school drills to “safe
school-resilient communities”: A continuous attempt for promoting community-based
disaster risk management in Iran. International journal of disaster risk reduction, 45,
101512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101512
Iuchi, K., Jibiki, Y., Solidum Jr, R., & Santiago, R. (2019). Natural hazards governance in the
Philippines. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Natural Hazard Science.
https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389407.013.233
Luo, H., Peng, X., & Zhong, B. (2016). Application of ontology in emergency plan management
of metro operation. Procedia engineering, 164, 158-165.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.605