LEVEL OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AMONG STUDENTS AND FACULTY OF

BASIS FOR INTERVENTION PROGRAMS

A Thesis
Presented to the faculty of the College of Teacher Education
Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges
General Santos City

In partial Fulfillment of
the Requirements in Thesis Writing
Bachelor of Physical Education

NOEL C. SARDIDO
May 2022
 ABSTRACT

This is a quantitative study on the level of disaster preparedness among

students and faculty of intervention programs of Rmmc. This study was done

using descriptive survey design to sixty (30) students and sixty (30) faculty of

Ramon Magsaysay memorial Colleges, General Santos City as respondents of

the study.

Frequency count mean and grand mean were used in analyzing the data.

It found that most of the students and faculty of RMMC have a high level of

disaster preparedness particularly on the plausible disaster such as fire, flood

and earthquake, implying that students are very ready. This study contends that

students and faculty are at less risk.

Students and faculty both cultivate education particularly disaster

management concepts which enables them to establish proper perception of

disaster incident. This study recommends the school may continue to conduct

training and symposium on risk reduction management program and school

suggested to include disaster risk management in the curriculum to strengthen

and maintain the high level of disaster readiness of students, faculty and school

as a whole.

Keywords: Disaster Preparedness, disaster risk

 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

Background and Its Setting

Disaster is inevitable to any part of the places whether it be in the farmland,

forest, seaside,hills and even communities and cities. Disaster entails destruction that

greatly affect society as a whole (Cutter, 2018). According to SAMHSA (2021) natural

disaster is the most common disaster that occurs overtime. Natural disaster is a

largescale geological or meteorological event such as tornadoes, storm surge,

hurricanes, tropical storms, floods, wildfires, earthquakes, drought, and tsunami that

have the potential to cause loss of life and property. Thus, major adverse events such

as these have the potential to cause catastrophic loss of life and physical destruction.

They are often unexpected and can leave whole communities in shock.

Recently, the Philippines had been struck by unpredictable natural disaster such

as tidal waves, typhoons, floods, flash floods and earthquake which made the life of the

people even worst. People who live through a disaster can experience emotional

distress. Feelings of anxiety, constant worrying, trouble sleeping, and other depression-

like symptoms are common responses to disasters before, during, and after the event.

Moreover, thousands of inhabitants died, families were left homeless, crops and

livestock were destroyed and left a feeling of great fear among inhabitants . (SAMHSA,

2021) .
 Natural disaster has been a major problem that needed to be address by

authorities. In the previous years, majority of public officials are unprepared and lack the

necessary expertise to address the problem. Authorities are in a hurry to fill the long list

of tasked to be undertaken. Consequently, these efforts have been proven to be

inadequate as a disaster hit successively Cotabato, Davao, Cagayan, Iligan,

Compostela Valley Province and lately Visayas particularly Tacloban City (Lewis, 2017).

Research have shown that continues illegal logging, kaigin system, charcoal, and

arbitrary corporate practices set the frame for further destruction. Ignorance and lack

right information deter people from participating in environment and disaster risk

reduction campaigns (Lewis, 2017). With this, government and private entities are in

massive effort to cope with the challenge. Various programs and activities were

launched to provide information for the people to make a rigorous participation to the

least lessen the impact of natural disasters. (Deschutes, 2019)

Heretofore, the researcher will look onto the readiness of the school, and its

faculty particularly the Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges of General Santos City on

disaster preparedness to draw implications, insights and recommendations to prevent

hazards and to identify whether the institution is prepared to disaster and responsive.
Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the level of disaster preparedness on earthquake

among the faculty of Ramon Magsaysay Memoria Colleges in General Santos City.

Specifically, this study answered the following questions:

1. What is the level preparedness of the faculty of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial in

case of disaster and hazards occurs in General Santos City? intern of :

1.1 Flood

1.2 Earthquake

1.3 Fire

2. What intervention programs can be drawn to mitigate the hazardous effects of

disaster that may occur in General Santos City?

Theoretical Framework

Calamity preparedness is described as efforts taken before a disaster to ensure

that the resources needed to respond effectively are accessible. Disaster preparedness

necessitates a detailed grasp of the elements that determine disaster preparedness

behavior performance or non-performance (DPB) (Curr, 2017).

According to many studies conducted on disaster preparedness, several factors

affecting preparedness include: critical awareness, risk perception, preparedness

perception, self-efficacy, collective efficacy, locus of control, fatalism, anxiety, previous

disaster experience, societal norms, sense of community, community participation and

empowerment, optimistic and normalization biases, social trust, perceived responsibility,

responsibility towards others6, coping style. (Curr, 2017).

The theory of planned behavior contends that it can be directly applied in the

domain of disaster risk reduction. Attitudes and subjective norms and perceptions of

behavioral control were found to have significant effects on intentions. It is posited that it

is a matter of preparation of individuals to calamities, however the effect of new

information on later intentions and behavior is mediated by attitudes, subjective norms,

and perceptions of behavioral control. an effective intervention will not only have to

encourage people of the desirability of DPB, but also to provide them with the skills and

means to do it. The more powerfully they can be made to feel that they have control on

DPB, the more likely they are to perform their intentions DPB (Curr, 2017).

Significance of the Study

The study aims to contribute to the existing body of knowledge and contribute to

the following individuals, organization, etc

To the School, this study would greatly help to create recommendation based on

the implications of the study. This would also a future literature to students who will

conduct disaster-related study.

To the Future Researcher, this study will greatly contribute to the body of

knowledge as future reference for research relating to this topic.

 To the Researchers, the study will give them answers to certain questions about

the problems encountered by their fellow students during online classes amidst

pandemic and may have an idea applying the coping strategies from the struggles and

may suggest interventions regarding this.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study will determine the level of disaster preparedness among sixty

(60) selected students and faculty of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges of general

Santos City. The faculty of RMMC includes the teachers, staff and employees,

regardless of age, sex, and position in the institution.

Review Of Related Literature

This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies on problems

encountered in online education and coping strategies.

Disaster Preparedness provides for the key strategic actions that give importance

to activities revolving around community awareness and understanding; contingency

planning; conduct of local drills and the development of a national disaster response

plan. Risk-related information coming from the prevention and mitigation aspect is

necessary in order for the preparedness activities to be responsive to the needs of the

people and situation on the ground. Also, the policies, budget and institutional

mechanisms established under the prevention and mitigation priority area will be further

enhanced through capacity building activities, development of coordination

mechanisms. Through these, coordination, complementation and interoperability of

work in DRRM operations and essential services will be ensured. Behavioral change
created by the preparedness aspect is eventually measured by how well people

responded to the disasters.

At the frontlines of preparedness are the local government units, local chief

executives and communities. Disaster Response gives importance to activities during

the actual disaster response operations from needs assessment to search and rescue to

relief operations to early recovery activities are emphasized. The success and

realization of this priority area rely heavily on the completion of the activities under both

the prevention and mitigation and preparedness aspects, including among others the

coordination and communication mechanisms to be developed.

On the-ground partnerships and the vertical and horizontal coordination work

between and among key stakeholders will contribute to successful disaster response

operations and its smooth transition towards early and long term recovery work. These

are recovery efforts done when people are already outside of the evacuation centers.

There are compelling reasons why the Philippines should adopt disaster risk reduction

and management (DRRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA). It is exposed to

disasters and hazards due to its geography and geology as well as the presence of

internal disputes in some areas.

Tropical cyclones and its sequential effects of rain and windstorms, as well as

floods are the most prevalent types of hydro-meteorological hazards in the country.

Between 1997 and 2007, eightyfour (84) tropical cyclones entered the Philippine Area of

Responsibility (PAR). These typhoons resulted to a total of 13,155 in human casualty

and more than 51 million families have been affected. Economic losses due to typhoon

damages in agriculture, infrastructures and private properties are estimated to reach

P158.242-B. Some of the most devastating floods and landslides are triggered by these
typhoons that happened also within this period. The El Nino Southern Oscillation which

is a periodic disaster recorded high economic costs in just a single occurrence.

Recent events show that the annual monsoon season in the country has brought

severe flooding in most areas. In 2011, most of the disasters that claimed the lives of

people and affected properties and livelihoods of the most vulnerable were brought

about by increased rainfall which caused massive flash flooding in areas which don’t

normally experience such. Between January to September 2011, more than 50

incidents of flash flooding and flooding and more than 30 landslides occurred, mostly

caused by increased rainfall and illegal logging. Typhoon Sendong alone caused the

lives of more than 1,000 people and damaged properties amounting to billions of pesos.

In addition, the Philippines is situated along a highly seismic area lying along the Pacific

Ring of Fire and is highly-prone to earthquakes. According to the Philippine Institute of

Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVLOCS), the country experiences an average of five

(5) earthquakes a day (Department of Internal and Local Government of the Philippines,

2012).

Disaster risk reduction is at the core of the mission of the World Meteorological

Organization (WMO. WMO, through its scientific and technical programs, its network of

Global Meteorological Centers and Regional Specialized Meteorological and Climate

Centers, provide scientific and technical services. This includes observing, detecting,

monitoring, predicting and early warning of a wide range of weather–, climate- and

water-related hazards. Through a coordinated approach, and working with its partners,

WMO addresses the information needs and requirements of the disaster risk

management community in an effective and timely fashion. Every year, disasters related

to meteorological, hydrological and climate hazards cause significant loss of life, and set
back economic and social development by years, if not decades. Between 1980 and

2007, nearly 7500 natural disasters worldwide took the lives of over 2 million people and

produced economic losses estimated at over 1.2 trillion US dollars. Of this, 90 per cent

of the natural disasters, 71 per cent of casualties and 78 per cent of economic losses

were caused by weather-, climate- water-related hazards such as droughts, floods,

windstorms, tropical cyclones, storm surges, extreme temperatures, landslides and wild

fires, or by health epidemics and insect infestations directly linked to meteorological and

hydrological conditions. Over the past five decades, economic losses related to

hydrometeorological hazards have increased, but the human toll has fallen dramatically.

Related Studies

A problem with conceiving of disaster in this way is that it becomes too easy

to imagine disaster events as isolated moments or periods lying outside the influence of

development planning. It is argued here that disasters are, on the contrary, an outcome

of processes of risk accumulation deeply embedded in contemporary and historical

development decisions. Disaster risk results from a combination of hazards (potentially

damaging events or processes) and people’s vulnerability to those hazards.

Both hazards and vulnerability are to varying extents products of development

processes. A further common perception is that disasters are usually large-scale events

involving a single hazard, such as a flood or an earthquake. As far as scale is

concerned, there is at present no agreed threshold at which point a collection of discrete

losses or disruptions can reach disaster status. Political spin can either exaggerate or

play down the scale of a disaster, with an eye respectively on donor aid or on private
sector investment flows. The sole publicly accessible global database on disasters and

their impacts, EM-DAT, uses an absolute definition which is statistically convenient but

inevitably arbitrary.Scale needs to be seen in relation to the population and economic

size of animpacted country for meaningful international comparisons to be made. A

disaster with major sub-national impacts may appear relatively unimportant at national

or international level. Scale is particularly important for small island developing states

(Prevention Web, 2012).

The Dominican Republic occupies two-thirds of the Island of Hispaniola in the

Major Antilles below the Tropic of Cancer in the Caribbean Region. Covering an area of

48,670 square kilometers and including the islands of Saona, Beata, Catalina and other

smaller islands, the Island is shared with the Republic of Haiti with a 383 kilometers “

porous” border to the west. A tropical country, it has eight extensive rugged mountain

ranges that span the country, separated by relatively fertile valleys, sierras and

limestone regions. With an average precipitation of around 1,500 mm, the country has

large bodies of subterranean water, fourteen principal river basins, over 400 rivers

systems and streams that feed the country’s reservoirs, power hydroelectric plants and

feed extensive irrigation systems.

The Dominican Republic is subject to a number of different hazards including

hydro meteorological events such as tropical storms, depressions and hurricanes,

floods, landslides and droughts, as well as seismic events including earthquakes and

tsunamis, and finally diseases including dengue, malaria and most recently an outbreak

of cholera crossing the Haitian border into Dominican territory in late 2010. EM-DAT

registers 47 natural events during 1980-2011, of which 21 were caused by storms,

followed by 18 floods, five epidemics and one earthquake. DPB (Curr, 2017)
Local Studies

The evidence gathered during the course of this research clearly points to

positive outcomes for children as a result of the integration of DRR into education. While

it was not always possible to document the specific outcomes, for example, in the two

country case studies where disasters had not struck since the time of implementation, it

was very clear that significant change has occurred at both the national and the local

levels, which is leading to increased education and greater preparedness and resiliency

among communities.

Specific outcomes documented included greater preparedness among children,

the ability to identify and address risk outside of disasters, continuity of education, and a

greater sense of security and confidence. Further outcomes at the community level

include safer school buildings and greater awareness of risk management.

Clearly, outcomes are important, but there is also a growing trend to redesign

evaluations to focus not only on inputs-outputs-outcomes, but also on the changes in

decision-making processes that have facilitated the outcomes; in other words, how

results are being achieved. This study found that there were quite a lot of lessons to be

learned about how outcomes for children were being achieved (Villanueva, 2011).

Synthesis

Based on the literature and its related studies, it shows that it lacks study on the

disaster among institutions like school. Anent the researcher is eager to know whether

the school, specifically the faculty of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges of General

Santos City is prepared to possible disaster and hazards.

Definition of Terms

This section provides the terms used in the study with their corresponding

meanings.

Level of Disaster Preparedness- It provides for the key strategic actions that give

importance to activities revolving around community awareness and understanding;

contingency planning; conduct of local drills and the development of a national disaster

response plan(Department of Internal and Local Government of the Philippines, 2012).

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the research design, locale of the study, sampling

procedure, instrumentation, methods of data gathering and methods of data analysis.

Research Design

This study employed descriptive survey method to determine the level of disaster

preparedness among students and faculty of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges of

General Santos City. According to Khann and Best (2007) descriptive survey is a study

to describe the participants in an exact way, which involves collection of data that

provide an account or description of individuals. The instrument will use to obtain data in

descriptive studies include questionnaire, interviews, and observations.

Research Locale

The study conducted at Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges of General

Santos City, since the study focuses on the faculty of the school. RMMC Gensan is a

private and non-sectarian Higher Educational Institution that has been serving the

community of General santos city, the nearby provinces and the whole of Mindanao.

The campus is located at Pioneer Avenue, General Santos City.

Respondent of the study

The respondents of the study are the thirty selected students, and thirty

selected faculty of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges of General Santos City.

Research Instruments

The researcher used a self-constructed descriptive questionnaire in collecting the

data. The questionnaire consists of checklist on the possible disaster that may attack at

school and disaster preparedness of the school.

An informal validation of the questionnaire was done by presenting the

questionnaire to the faculty of the department. With comments and suggestions, the

questionnaire is revised. Upon the approval of the adviser, the revised form was

distributed online for data gathering. In analyzing the data, the researcher used

frequency and percentage.

Statistically, frequency is the number of times a data value occurs and

percentage, a relative value indicating hundredth parts of any quantity., frequency and

percentage statistics are used in this study to present most personal information of

variables such as problems, impact and benefits Also, in determining the level of

disaster preparedness among the faculty of RMMC, a four-point scale will be used

The following are the description and scale:

Scale Verbal Description Definition

4 Strongly Agree This means that the respondents

3 Agree
2 Disagree
1 Strongly Disagree
are very prepared.
This means that the respondents
are somewhat prepared
This means that the respondents
are slightly prepared
This means that the respondents
are not prepared
 The interpretation of computed mean for frequency of the level of disaster
preparedness among faculty of RMMC were interpreted based on the following
description of each mean score;

Numerical Equivalent Verbal Description Definition

4.00-4.99 Strongly Agree This means that the respondents

are very prepared.

3.0-3.99 Agree This means that the respondents

are somewhat prepared

2.0-2.99 Disagree This means that the respondents

are slightly prepared

1.0-1.99 Strongly Disagree This means that the respondents

are not prepared

Data Gathering Procedure

The data were gathered through the use of a questionnaire .the selected students

and faculty received an email through social media by using google form that contains

following question . The questionnaire will be distributed among the (30) selected

faculty and (30) selected students of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges.

Ethical Considerations

The researcher made sure that all ethical considerations were followed as

mandated by RMMC Ethical Review Board to avoid engaging in practices that may

implicitly or explicitly abuse or exploit those with whom we sought to conduct research.

All information that will be received and collected from the informants will be

treated with the strictest of secrecy during this study. According to Republic Act No.
10173, also known as the Data Privacy Act of 2012, the informants' data is not

susceptible to any adverse dissemination of such material that the survey may yield.

Chapter 3

RESULTS

This chapter presents, analyzes and interprets the data of the study obtained

from investigation. the various results regarding level of disaster Preparedness among

students and faculty of basis intervention programs of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial

Colleges for SY 2021-2022 are presented in the succeeding tables.

Table 1 Distribution on the Level of Disaster Preparedness among Students
in RMMC in terms of Fire
Weighted
Indicators Description
Mean
1. I am familiar with disaster siren
3.50 Strongly Agree
warning in school
2. I know the fire exit.
3.50 Strongly Agree
3. I know how to manipulate fire
3.57 Strongly Agree
extinguisher
4. I am trained with adequate
3.57 Strongly Agree
knowledge on fits –aid kit.
5. I know the precaution of fir..
3.50 Strongly Agree

Grand Mean 3.53 Strongly Agree

Table 1 presents the distribution on the level of disaster preparedness among

students in RMMC in terms of fire as possible disaster. Data showed that the

respondents are strongly agree in all the indicators with a total accumulated mean of

3.53 which is an indication that they are very prepared. Specifically, students know how

to manipulate the fire extinguisher (3.57), they are trained with adequate knowledge on

first aid kit (3.57) and they are familiar with disaster siren warning in school (3.50). Also,

students they know the fire exit (3.50) and informed with precautions of fire (3.50)

The data imply that students are aware and equipped with knowledge in terms of

fire disaster. This contends that students cultivate education particularly disaster

management concepts which enables them to establish proper perception of fire

incident. Thus, this finding is parallel to the study of Seyedin (2020) which posited that

students who have enough knowledge in disaster preparedness it allows them to create

appropriate insight and awareness to disaster.

 In terms of the level of disaster preparedness among students in terms of flood, the

distribution of results are shown below;

Table 2 Distribution on the Level of Disaster Preparedness among Students

in RMMC in terms of Flood
Weighted
Indicators Description
Mean
1. I am familiar with disaster siren
warning in school 3.53 Strongly Agree

2. I am familiar with the evacuation plan

3.53 Strongly Agree
3. I can access to first-aid kits in school
3.69 Strongly Agree
4. I am trained with adequate
3.53 Strongly Agree
knowledge on first-aid
5. I am aware of flood warnings.
3.78 Strongly Agree

Grand Mean 3.61 Strongly Agree

Table 2 shows the distribution on the level of disaster preparedness among students in

RMMC in terms of flood. Data revealed that the total accumulated mean of 3.61

denoting that the respondents are very prepared in case of the occurrence of flood.

Particularly, students are aware of flood warnings (3.78) and can access the first-aid kits

in school (3.69), yet students are trained with adequate knowledge in first-aid kit (3.53).

Also, students are familiar with disaster siren warning in school (3.53), and knows the

evacuation plan (3.53).

The data contends that majority of the students are strongly agree with the given

indicators demonstrating the disaster preparedness in terms of flood. This could mean

that school has equipped the students through giving information of flood as
conceivable disaster. This explicates the safe of school, inferring that safe school

facilities preparedness pillar plays an important role in ensuring the continuation of

school activities during and after flood disaster.

In terms of the level of preparedness among students in RMMC in terms of

earthquake, the distribution of result is shown below;

Table 3 Distribution on the Level of Disaster Preparedness among Students

in RMMC in terms of Earthquake
Weighted
Indicators Description
Mean
1. Disaster siren warning is present in
school 3.78 Strongly Agree

2. I know how to drop , cover and hold on

3.53 Strongly Agree
when earthquake occur .
3. I have already mastered the route of our
3.53 Strongly Agree
school during earthquake.
4. I am prepared and ready all the time when
3.53 Strongly Agree
there is an earthquake
5. I already have the background knowledge
about earthquake safety measures. 3.53 Strongly Agree

Grand Mean 3.58 Strongly Agree

Table 3 depicts the distribution on the level of disaster preparedness among

students in RMMC in terms of earthquake. It shows that the respondents are strongly

agree in all the indicators with a total accumulated mean of 3.58. It is an indication that

the respondents are very prepared. Mainly, students strongly agreed that disaster siren

warning is present in school (3.78), also students are aware with drop, cover, and hold

when earthquake occur (3.53). Interestingly, students mastered the route of their school
during earthquakes (3.53) and are prepared and ready all the time (3.53). Further,

students already have a background knowledge about earthquake safety measures

(3.53).

The data imply that students are very prepared in terms of earthquake as

conceivable disaster to occur. This could mean that students are at less risk in

earthquake as students professed their preparedness. According to Sendai Framework

of disaster, the effects of disasters can be substantially reduced if people are

wellinformed about how to respond to them. Disaster education plays an important role

in improving students’ disaster awareness and preparedness level. Furthermore, as the

Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction stated that children and youth can be

the “agents of change” in transforming and improving the safety of society.

In terms of the level of disaster preparedness among faculty in RMMC in terms of

fire as conceivable disaster, the distribution of result is shown below;

Table 4 Distribution on the Level of Disaster Preparedness among Faculty in

RMMC in terms of Fire
Weighted
Indicators Description
Mean
1. I am familiar with disaster siren
3.50 Strongly Agree
warning in school
2. I know the fire exit .
3.67 Strongly Agree
3. I know how to manipulate fire
3.67 Strongly Agree
extinguisher
4. I am trained with adequate
3.57 Strongly Agree
knowledge on fits –aid kit .
5. I know the precaution of fire .
3.50 Strongly Agree
Grand Mean 3.58 Strongly Agree

Table 4 demonstrates the distribution on the level of disaster preparedness

among faculty in RMMC in terms of fire. The data revealed that the respondents

strongly agree in all the indicators with a total accumulated mean of 3.58 which means

that they are very prepared. Mainly, faculty knows the fire exit (3.67), knows how to

manipulate the fire extinguisher (3.67) and are trained with adequate knowledge on first

aid kit (3.57) Moreover, students are familiar with disaster siren warning in school (3.50)

knows the precaution of fire (3.50).

The data imply that teachers are very prepared in terms of disaster like fire. It can

be inferred that teachers can share their knowledge and learnings for disaster

preparedness to students who have less information in disaster preparedness.

Moreover, teachers are at less risk of disaster.

In terms of the level of disaster preparedness among faculty on flood, the

distribution of result is shown below;

Table 5 Distribution on the Level of Disaster Preparedness among Faculty in

RMMC in terms of Flood
Weighted
Indicators Description
Mean
1. I am familiar with disaster siren
warning in school 3.67 Strongly Agree

2. I am familiar with the evacuation plan

3.57 Strongly Agree
3. I can access to first-aid kits in school
3.50 Strongly Agree
4. I am trained with adequate
3.67 Strongly Agree
knowledge on first-aid
 5. I am aware of flood warnings.
3.60 Strongly Agree

Grand Mean 3.60 Strongly Agree

Table 5 presents the distribution on the level of disaster preparedness among

faculty in RMMC in terms of flood. As depicted, the total accumulated mean of 3.60

indicates that the respondents are very prepared in case of flood. Particularly, faculty

are strongly agreed they are familiar with disaster siren warning in school (3.67) and

trained with the adequate knowledge on first-aid kit (3.67). They also strongly agree that

they are aware of flood warnings (3.60), familiar with the evacuation plan (3.57), and

they can access the first-aid kits in school (3.50).

The data professed that faculty are also very prepared with the flood disaster. It

can be inferred that faculty are at less risk since they are aware with the warnings and

informed with adequate knowledge when flood occurs. This finding suggests that faculty

can share information of the risk and disaster preparedness to students and can be the

agent for information dissemination. In terms of the level of disaster preparedness

among faculty members on

earthquake as plausible disaster, the result of distribution is shown below;

Table 6 Distribution on the Level of Disaster Preparedness among Faculty in

RMMC in terms of Earthquake
Weighted
Indicators Description
Mean
1. Disaster siren warning is present in
school 3.83 Strongly Agree

2. I know how to drop , cover and hold

3.67 Strongly Agree
on when earthquake occur .
 3. I have already mastered the route of our
3.67 Strongly Agree
school during earthquake.
4. I am prepared and ready all the time
3.67 Strongly Agree
when there is an earthquake
5. I already have the background
knowledge about earthquake safety 3.67 Strongly Agree
measures.

Grand Mean 3.70 Strongly Agree

Table 6 shows the distribution on the level of disaster preparedness among

faculty in RMMC in terms of earthquake. It denotes that the respondents strongly agree

in all the indicators with a total accumulated mean of 3.70. It is an indication that the

respondents are very prepared. Predominantly, faculty professed that they are familiar

with the disaster siren warning present in school (3.83), they know how to drop, cover,

and hold on when earthquake occur (3.67), they have already mastered the route of

their school during earthquakes (3.67), they are prepared and ready all the time (3.67),

and they already have a background knowledge about earthquake safety measures

(3.67).

Chapter 4

CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the conclusions, and recommendations from the findings of the

study.
Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were derived of the

level of disaster among the students and faculty in terms of fire , flood and earthquake

Students :

Majority of the students of Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges have a strongly

agree level of disaster preparedness particularly on the plausible disaster such as fire,

flood and earthquake, implying that students are ready. based to the findings students

accumulated grand totals mean in term of fire(3.53) ,flood (3.61) and lastly earthquake

(3.61).

This contends that students are at less risk and students cultivate education particularly

disaster management concepts which enables them to establish proper perception of

disaster incident.

Faculty :

Among of the faculty of RMMC, they also have a high level of disaster

preparedness in terms of fire, flood and earthquake. Implying that faculty are very

prepared and are at less risk to disaster. Based of the tables to the findings the faculty

accumulated grand total mean of fire (3.58 ) , flood (3.60) and lastly earthquake (3.70 )

the grand total professed that the faculty are very prepared if the disaster occur and

Data suggests that faculty could be pillar for disseminating information on disaster risk

reduction.
Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions derived from the study, the students and

faculty are the following Intervention programs were drawn:

Students:

1. The student participate training and symposium on risk reduction management

programs.

2. All students are recommends to conduct study of intervention programs the effect

and perception of disaster preparedness to certain areas that are prone to disaster in

General Santos City.

Faculty :

1. To all Faculty are mandate to conduct study of intervention programs the effect

and perception of disaster preparedness to certain areas that are prone to disaster in

General Santos City.

2. The Faculty participate training and symposium on risk reduction management

programs.

REFERENCES

Australian Aid (2011). Calamity & Disaster. https://australianaid.org/ . Retrieved on

October, 2021.
Curr, Stann (2017). Theory of Plan Behavior.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/theory-of-plannedbehavior
. Retrieved on October 2021.
Cutter, SL (2018). Disaster Management. Journal of Homeland Security and
EmergencyManagement.https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jhse-
20180029/html?lang=en. Retrieved on October 2021.
Department of Internal and Local Government of the Philippines, (2012). Disaster and
Calamity Management. https://mmda.gov.ph/20-faq/288-disaster-awareness-faq.html.
Retrieved on October 2021.
Deschutes, Lev (2019). Disaster preparedness and Management.
https://sheriff.deschutes.org/divisions/special-services/emergency-management/
beforea-disaster-emergency-preparedness/ . Retrieved on September, 2021.
Extreme Weather and Natural Disasters, (2012).Disaster.
https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/earthquakes/during.html. Retrieved on October 2021.
German Red Cross (2019). Disaster Management System.
https://redcross.eu/latestnews/experience-in-floods-response-feeding-the-disaster-
management-system. Retrieved on October, 2021.
Lewis, John (2017). Disaster in The Philippines.
https://lewiscountywa.gov/departments/emergency-management/earthquakeawareness-
preparedness/ . Retrieved on October 2021.
Official Gazette of the Philippines (2017). RA 10121.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2010/05/27/republic-act-no-10121/ . Retrieved on
October, 2021.
Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (2021). Effects of Calamities
and Hazards. https://www.samhsa.gov/. Retrieved on October, 2021.
UNESCO, (2011). Natural Disaster Preparedness.
https://www.unesco.researchgate.net/publication/335100731_The_earthquake_awaren
ess_levels_of_undergraduate_students . Retrieved on October, 2021.
World Meteorological Organization, (2011). Natural Disaster Management.
https://www.google.com/search?q=earthquake+preparedness+poster+and+risk+awaren
ess&oq=earthquake+preparedness+poster+and+risk+awareness&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i
333l5.35072j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 . Retrieved on October, 2021.