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Tugas Product Costing and Cost Accumulation in A Batch Production Environment (Irga Ayudias Tantri - 12030121410004)
Tugas Product Costing and Cost Accumulation in A Batch Production Environment (Irga Ayudias Tantri - 12030121410004)
Nim : 12030121410011
Case 3-62
FiberCom, Inc., a manufacturer of fiber optic communications equipment, uses a job-order
costing system. Since the production process is heavily automated, manufacturing overhead is
applied on the basis of machine hours using a predetermined overhead rate. The current annual
rate of $15 per machine hour is based on budgeted manufacturing overhead costs of $1,200,000
and a budgeted activity level of 80,000 machine hours (the company’s estimated practical
capacity). Operations for the year have been completed, and all of the accounting entries have
been made for the year except the application of manufacturing overhead to the jobs worked on
during December, the transfer of costs from Work-in-Process to Finished-Goods for the jobs
completed in December, and the transfer of costs from Finished Goods to Cost of Goods Sold for
the jobs that have been sold during December. Summarized data as of November 30 and for the
month of December are presented in the following table. Jobs T11-007, N11-013, and N11-015
were completed during December. All completed jobs except Job N11-013 had been turned over
to customers by the close of business on December 31.
Requred :
1. Explain why manufacturers use a predetermined overhead rate to apply manufacturing
overhead to their jobs.
Jawaban :
Jadi kenapa produsen menggunakan tarif overhead yang telah ditentukan untuk
diaplikasikan ke overhead pabrik karena untuk mengalokasikan pekerjaan produksi,
biasanya biaya produksi tidak dapat dilacak secara langsung ke pekerjaan tertentu.
Akibatnya, manajemen akan memiliki informasi biaya pekerjaan yang akurat dan tepat
waktu. Tarif overhead yang ditentukan sebelumnya mudah diterapkan serta dapat
menghindari fluktuasi biaya pekerjaan yang disebabkan oleh perubahan volume produksi
atau biaya overhead sepanjang tahun.
2. How much manufacturing overhead would FiberCom have applied to jobs through
November 30 of the year just completed?
Jawaban :
Manufacturing Overhead in 30 November :
Machine hours 73.000
current annual overhead rate $ 15
Manufaturing Overhead $ 1.095.000
3. How much manufacturing overhead would have been applied to jobs during December of
the year just completed?
Jawaban :
Manufacturing Overhead in December :
Machine hours 6.000
current annual overhead rate $ 15
Manufaturing Overhead $ 90.000
FiberCom Company
Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured
For the Year Ended December 31
Direct material:
Raw-material inventory, 1/1 $ 105.000
Raw material purchases $ 1.063.000
Raw material available for use $ 1.168.000
Deduct: Indirect material used $ 134.000
Raw-material inventory, 12/31 $ 85.000 $ 219.000
Raw material used $
949.000
Direct labor $ 925.000
Manufacturing overhead:
Indirect material $ 134.000
Indirect labor $ 375.000
Utilities $ 267.000
Depreciation $ 420.000
Total actual manufacturing overhead $ 1.196.000
Deduct: Underapplied overhead $ 11.000
Overhead applied to work in process $ 1.185.000
Total manufacturing costs $ 3.059.000
Add: Work-in-process inventory, 1/1 $ 60.000
Subtotal $ 3.119.000
Deduct: Work-in-process inventory, 12/31 $ 150.200
Cost of goods manufactured $ 2.968.800
Case 4-39
Laredo Leather Company manufactures high-quality leather goods. The company’s profits have
declined during the past nine months. In an attempt to isolate the causes of poor profit
performance, management is investigating the manufacturing operations of each of its products.
One of the company’s main products is leather belts. The belts are produced in a single,
continuous process in the Dallas plant. During the process, leather strips are sewn, punched, and
dyed. The belts then enter a final finishing stage to conclude the process. Labor and overhead are
applied continuously during the manufacturing process. All materials, leather strips, and buckles
are introduced at the beginning of the process. The firm uses the weighted-average method to
calculate its unit costs. The leather belts produced at the Dallas plant are sold wholesale for $9.95
each. Management wants to compare the current manufacturing costs per unit with the market
prices for leather belts. Top management has asked the Dallas plant controller to submit data on
the cost of manufacturing the leather belts for the month of October. These cost data will be used
to determine whether modifications in the production process should be initiated or whether an
increase in the selling price of the belts is justified. The cost per belt used for planning and
control is $5.35. The work-in-process inventory consisted of 400 partially completed units on
October 1. The belts were 25 percent complete as to conversion. The costs included in the
inventory on October 1 were as follows:
During October 7,600 leather strips were placed into production. A total of 7,000 leather belts
were completed. The work-in-process inventory on October 31 consisted of 1,000 belts, which
were 50 percent complete as to conversion. The costs charged to production during October were
as follows:
Requred :
In order to provide cost data regarding the manufacture of leather belts in the Dallas Plant to the
top management of Laredo Leather Company, compute the following amounts for the month of
October.
1. The equivalent units for material and conversion
Jawaban :
Equivalen units of material (7.600 + 400) = 8.000
Equivalen units of conversion (7.000 (1000*50%) = 7.500
4. The weighted-average unit cost of leather belts completed and transferred to finished
goods. Comment on the company’s cost per belt used for planning and control
Jawaban :
Weighted-Average Method
Equivalent Unit
Percentage
Physical of Direct
Units Completion Material Conversion
Work In Process, October 1 400 25%
Units started during October 7.600
Total Unit to account 8.000
Direct
Material Conversion Total
Work In Process, October 1 $ 1.250 $ 300 $ 1.550
Cost incurred during October $ 25.150 $ 20.700 $ 45.850
Total Cost to account $ 26.400 $ 21.000 $ 47.400
Equivalen Unit 8.000 7.500
Cost per Uquivalen unit $ 3,30 $ 2,80 $ 6,10