UDC 669.14.018.298-462 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Carbon Steel Tubes for Machine Structural Purposes @ JIS G 3445--= Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Printed in Japan 9sIn the event of any doubt arising, the original Standard in Japanese is to be final authority. oea UDC 669.14, 018.298- 462 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Js @) Carbon Steel Tubes for G 3445-1988 Machine Structural Purposes (Reaffirmed: 1994) 1. Scope This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the carbon steel tubes, hereinafter referred to as the "tubes", used for machinery, automobiles, bieycles, furniture, appliances and other machine parts. Remark: The units and numerical values given in {_} in this Standard are based on the International System of Units (SI) and are appended for informative reference. Further, the traditional units accompanied by numerical values in this Standard shall be converted to the SI units and numerical values on January 1, 1991. 2. Grade and Designation The grade and designation of the tube shall be as given in Table 1. The subclassification letter symbols A, B and C are used to indicate distinction of method of manufacturing the tube, cold working process, heat treatment, etc. Applicable Standards: See page 14.2 G 3445-1988 Table 1. Grade and Designation Grade ti | A A Grade 12 [iB ¢ A Grade 13 | B c & Graded [Bp ¢ VY A Grade 15 c A Grade 16 c A Grade 17 c A Grodeis | B STKM 18 B c STKM 18 C A STKM 19 A Grade 19 c STKM 19 Grade 20 | A STKM 20 A 3. Chemical Composition ‘The tube shall be tested in accordance with 8.1 and the resulting ladle analysis values shall conform to Table 2.7 3 G 3445-1988 Table 2. Chemical Composition Unit: § Grade Designation si | wm |p s |Nborv 2 | 0.35 | 0.60 140 | 0. 040 Gredeitt STEM 114) max. | max. | max. | max. }max. | A | sTKM 124 0.20} 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.040 | 0. 040 Grade 12 | B | sTKM 128 | 220] 2:55 | 0:60 | 0.040 0.040) _ c | srkm 2c A | sTKM 13.4 0.30 0.25 | 0.35 0.040 | 0.040 Grade 18 | 8 | stam 198 | Tee, | ma. | 45 | max |maxe | ~ c | srKmi3¢ + 7 A | sTKM 14 0,30 0.30 | 0.35 0.040 | 0,040 Grade 14 |B | stew 148 | tax. | max. |g) | mame | max - c | stKM 14c rade 16 | A} STHM ABA | 8:25 | 0.35 | 2599 | o.040] 0.000; _ c | stxm isc | 0.35 | ™*-| 1.99 | max. | max. Grade 16 |_| STEM 184 | 0:95 | 0.40 | 2:49 | 0.040] 0.040 | _ © | stKM 16¢c | 0.45 | ™%-| 1.09 | max. | max. A | stxmira | 0.45 | 9 49 | 9-40 | 9 9401 0.040 Grade 17 to max, | max. | max i c | srxmizc | 0.55 * | 1.00 z 7 A | STKM 184 0.18 | 0.55 | 1.50 | 0.040 | 0.040 Gradei etl max. | max.| max.| max. |max. | ~ c Gere (ee! 0.25 | 0.85 | 1.50 | 0.040| 0.040] _ le © | stxmigc¢ | mex-| max.| max. | max. | max. 0.25 | 0.55 | 1.60 | 0.040] 0.040] 0.15 Grade 20) A | STKM 204 | oy. | max. | max. | max. |max. | max. Remarks 1. When the purchaser requires product analysis for the tubes made of killed steel, the tolerances for the values given above shall be as specified in Table 2 in JIS G 0321 for seamless steel tubes and in Table 1 for electric resistance welded or butt welded steel tubes.4 G 3445-1988 2, For the tubes of Grade 15 made by electric resistance welding process, the lower limit of carbon content may be altered by Agreement between the parties concerned. 3. For the tubes of Grade 20, Nb in combination with V may be added. In this case, the maximum content of Nb + V shall be 0.15 & 4, Mechanical Properties 4.1 Tensile Strength, Yield Point or Proof Stress, and Elongation The tube shall be tested in accordance with 8.2 and the resulting tensile strength, yield point or proof stress, and elongation shall comply with Table 3-1 or Tabie 3-2. 4.2 Bending Strength or Flattening Strength The tube shall be tested in accordance with 8.3 or 8.4 and shall be free from flaws or cracks on their wall surfaces. The bending test, however, shall be applied to the tubes 50 mm or under in outside diameter in Heu of flattening test when especially specified by the purchaser.3 5 G 3445-1988 Table 8-1. Mechanical Property (Applicable till the end of 1990) Elongation & Tensile | Yield point See eee ae ee (N/nm*} ‘kgf/mm? 7 ‘{N Jmm?} ree a] stew a Tost mins A] stewie a [38 B-] (ttt [as min. | 0 min. Gradel g[ sraw ia 6 | ai MR | attin- | as min. | 20 mins c| sew | th mint] timins | min | asm. | [= [a af steanea [lf min:| i Be: [| aomin. | asmin. | $0 | 9 | 6d gyeeel a] srewise | idhimin | cashmm: | wmin.| ismin.| go |» | oo | STKM 13. C 1st: | asmin. | 10 min. = - al smn | i SE] kM | sain. | wvmin.| 2p | ow | eo Grede[ al stewie e | ah ME aE | isan. | we min.| Fo | | op c| stxmisc | 86 mine] amin. | ismin. | 10 min. | — - - ereael *| STIS | th Be] aR | min. | ar win. | do | ow | eo 18° Te snare | 18 BE) iy: | ain | ram | — |= [oo creae|*| SM ICA | (6 Bin: | Game: | 20min. | asmin.| Go | ow | ed % fel stemisc |g min [ zmiR | amin. | 7 min. | — 7 a craae| A] Stem aT A] coi RRS] mt [a min. | smn. | Go | 9 | eo 1 [el sremirc | (6 BBP 2,2 | to mm. | smn. | -~ | - Al stemisa | i Bie] (38a |asmin. | amin. | Zo | 9 | 6D Grede| | sree 8 | go min’ | ai mia: | sain. | te min. | ED wm | aD ce] stam [4B] BM | tsmin. | min. [ — | — | — creae (A| Stem AT mit: | BB min. [emi | Fo | ow | oo 19 [ef srmmisc | si | mit | asmin. | io min. — | — | — Gradel'a] stam 20a [RR | (iB: | main. | te min.| Zp | oo | 6d Renarkt “eal euayners, the niioun aise of tenga shall be stddeed oy penteene a Cee tne ‘yalues of elongation given in Table 3-1 for each 1 mm decrease in well thickness and rounding off {o en integer in accordance with JIS 2 8401. Exanples of ealculation are given in Reference Tabi 2, The values of elongation in Table 3-1 shall not be applied to the tubes 40 mm or amaller in outside ameter. However, ft may be agreed upon by the purchessr and the manufsciuter, when especially ‘welded steel tubes, the tenatl test pieces that! be No. 1? or No. §, and they ehall be taken from « portion net involving welded seus. 4. For the fattening teat, the minimum distance between the flat plates (H) shall be § tines the pluie thickness,6 G 3445-1988 Table 3-2. Mechanical Property (Applicable on and after Jan. 1, 1991) [Bending strength Tnside orate |ouigaton| Seah | Ctendt™ ETE Tang BGAN none [Che Nima* | tee pieces | ‘ett sions [ataicn au,| SEH? |outeiCe Yongitudinal) “airection ‘the tube) the tube) Grade] 4) STKM uA | 290 min. ~ 36min. | ao min. | $d wor | 40 al stmwiza | somin. | vain. | asmin.| somm.| $0 | om | oo Grdel | swine | oomin | zai, | sam | main.| go | = | od c] stewi2c | somin. | sss mii. | mmin.| tsmm.| — | — | a] stew isa | somin. | 26min. | somin. | amin. | Zo | sot | 6D grace a| stmwiaB | sw mip. | amin. | anim | wenn | fo | om | 60 cl stmisc | stomin.| onmin.| asmin.| omin.) - | — | — al stawiea | somn.| sam. asmn.| mmn.| $0 | ow | «0 graela| stkwiee | aw min.| amin. | ismin.| wmin.| fo | om | #0 C} STKMI6C 550 min. 410 min. 18 min. 10 min. cea oes cas cae|*] St0nGA | ein | am | amin. | vam | go |» | eo | STKM 1s C ‘sao min, 430 min. 12 min, 7 min. - - ees reac *| StI | sto-min. [sis min. | ae min. | asmin. | Zo | ow | #0 16 Jc] stmmisc | comin. | = ao min. | izmin. | 7min. | — - - creas A] sma A | Somin. cwmin.| amin. | asmin.| go | oo | #d ia C} STKM17C 650 min. 480 min. 10 min. Smin. - - - al stoawa| somin.| amin. | amin, | main. | $0 | om | oo ee[ 5] stewie | womin, | sismin. | 2smin. | asmin.| Zo | oo | 20 C| STKM 18 C 510 min. ‘30 min, 15 min. 10 min. I oe 3 GaaslA[ Sto A | comin. | siemin. | min. | maim. | go | om | 60 i C| STKM 19 C $50 min. 410 min. 15 min. 10 min. - - - Grade! | staat 25 A | stomin. amin. | umn. | Zo wo | 6D Menarks 1, When the tenella at a carsed out on No. 12 oF No 6 teat poe for the ibe under 8 mm in wall thekness, the minimum value of eangation shall be calculated by eubteacting 1.8 4 from the ‘Yaluet of elongation given in Table 3-2 for each 1 ma decrease in wall thickness and rounding off to an integer in accordance with JIS Z #401. Examples of calculation are given in Reference Table. ‘The values of elongation in Table 2-2 ahall not be applied to the tubes 40 mn or emaller in outside siameer. However, it ray'be agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer, when s¥pecly required. For slectric resistence welded steul tubes and butl-welded steel tubes, the tensile test places shall be No. 12 or No. 6, and they shall be taken from.s portion not invalving welded seams. For the flattening teat, the minimum distence betwaen the fat plates (H) shall be § times the Plate thickness.Reference Table, 1 G 3445-1988 Piece (Transverse Direction) and No. 12 Test Piece Gongitudinal Direction) for Tubes under 8 mm in Wall Calculated Examples of Elongation Applied to No. 5 Test Thickness [Elongation for each division of wall Tekneaa over Over] Over Tone a oe Grade Designation | T¥Pe of | Fam toe | oot | tem | om test pic we? fame | et as rm inc. | ind. | fea, .| under te [Fe [PS Grade] a | stu a wos [w]e fet] a] le u No. i | 35[ | [0 | [a | a Tae a | sta fNe8 [oe far | ae [oa oe tt No. 12 [35 [ 3s | ae ||) [ oe [sae Grade BL Nen 8 [oe a ig ee ae 12 = hi No, 12 3S Ey 22 20 9 is 16 3 No: [1s [ 14 of el ets © Sea No. 12, 20 18 4 ir MW 10. No. § | as | a4 [1 [a6 [as TKM 18 A 7 ei No. 12 0 28 Ey 22 21 20 No.8 | is_[ 14 CS BEE 3 BB Grade sri fee is wht No: $ [w]e afrran cece 7 eee, No.12 | 1s_| is o, @ 6 + No. 5 2» 18 16 “ 2 i 7 ie fre No, 12 Ey En 22 20 19 18 16 ir No. 5 10 a z 6 4 2 1 ead rade sTKM 14 B By ee . No. 12 6 4 2 0 9 8 6 4 No§ [ow [ e| 7} 6) 4} 2] 1-— ci ere No. 12) 13. 14 12 10 9. s 6 4 No. 5 a7 16 6 12 UW 10 a 6 ‘Grade :| eee eee No. i [22 [20 |e |e [is | 6 | 13] ae 18 wo. | 7 fet «lst at—1-]— q ae No. 12 42 10 9 a 6 4 a 2 Nos [|u| |e] 6] 6 [+ 6 Peserpey eecsed (ene nicoabucis No. 12 {9 [ae [a7 [ie [ie [a2 |_| 0 6 No.8 [7] 6][«] 2] 1,-]-, = ‘ an No. 12 12 19 9 6 4 3 2 No.8 [ 1s| 1 | 2 | [9 |e | 6 [ Grade |_“ eee No.2 [7 [os | 7 | 6 | | a2 | | 0 " wo. [| s | «] 2} —-)—-]-]—]— c s ee: No. 12 10 8 a 6 4 1 ea No.5 | [ae | | ie | ie] 2 | | 3 ia et No. 12 5 Ey 2 20 w 18 16 4 Grade [16 [is [ ie [ae te | fe 18 pt Scere 23 22 » 18 a 16 4 12 wletrPsePerep at we . pihisen 15 1 42 10 9 8 6 4 16} asf | a2} 9] » Grace |_* ore 2 | w | ae | 7 | 16 | | a 8 afte [eet iy 1 c bdidnmaata Ti 32 10 9 a 6 4 Grade 1] 15 | | a2 | a0} 9] 20 A ae 22 20 18 At 36. 1 42 Remark: The symbol "-" indicates a case where elongation is not specified.8 G 3445-1988 5. (1) The tolerances on outside diameter and wall thickness for the tubes shall be as.given in Table 4 and Table.5, respectively. Table 4. Tolerances on Outside Diameter Division Tolerances on outside diameter Under 50 mm 20.5 mm No. 1 50 mm or over 218 Under 50 mm i £0.25 mm No. 2 50 mm or over £0.5% Under 25 mm £0.12 mm 25 mm or over to and excl. 40 mm £0.15 mm 40 mm or over to and excl. 50 mm £0.18 mm 50 mm or over to and excl. 60 mm £0.20 mm No. 3 60 mm or over to and excl. 70 mm £0.23 mm 70 mm or over to and excl. 80 mm £0.25 mm 80 mm or over to and excl. 90 mm +0.30 mm 90 mm or over to and excl. 100 mm £0.40 mm 100 mm or over £0.58 Remarks 1, For hot finished seamless steel tube, the outside diameter 2. tolerances No. 1 shall be applied. ‘The tolerances on outside diameter of quenched and tempered tubes shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer.9 G 3445-1988 Table 5. Tolerances on Wall Thickness Tolerances on wall thickness 4 mm or over Under 3 mm No. 2 3 mm or over Under 2 mm No. 3 2mm or over Remark: For hot finished seamless steel tubes, the tolerances No. 1 shall be applied. (2) The tolerances on the tube length shall be in the range of 0 to + 50 mm. However, when tolerances outside this range are especially required, agreement shall be made between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 6. Appearance (1) The tubes shall be practically straight, and the two ends shall be at right angles to the axis of the tube. (2) The tubes shall be free from defects detrimental to practical use. (3) The surface finish of the tubes, when especially specified shall be a agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer. 7. Method of Manufacture Method of manufacturer shall be as follows: (1) The tubes of Grades 11, 12 and 13 shall be manufactured by seamless process, electric resistance welding process, or butt welding process, and those of other grades shall be manufactured by seamless process or electric resistance welding process. (2) The tube shall be as manufactured or as cold-finished condition, or they shall be subjected to appropriate heat treatment. 8. Test 8.1 Chemical Analysis 8.1.1 Chemical Analysis The general requirements for chemical analysis and method of sampling specimens for analysis shall be in accordance with the 3. in JIS G 0303. «a10 G 3445-1988 8.1.2 Analytical Method The analytical method shall be in accordance with one of the oliawing Standards. JIS G 1211 JIS G 1212 . JIS G 1213 JIS G 1214 JIS G 1215. JIS G 1221 JIS G 1237 JIS G 1253 JIS G 1256 JIS G 1287 8.2 Tensile Test 8.2.1 Test Piece The test piece shall be No. 11, No. 12 A, No. 12B, No. 12C, No. for No. 5 test piece specified in JIS Z 2201 and shall be cut off from the tube. The gauge length for No. 4 test piece, however, shall be 50 mm. 8.2.2 Test Method The test method shall be in accordance with JIS Z 2241, 8.3 Bending Test 8.3.1 Test Piece A suitable length of a tube shall be cut off from one end of the tube to be made into a test piece. 8.3.2 Test Method The test piece shall be bent, at ordinary temperature, around a cylinder with the bend angle and inside radius specified in Table 3-1 or Table 3-2, and checked for the occurrence of flaws or cracks. In the case of electric resistance welded steel tubes and butt-welded steel tubes, the Ww weld shall be placed in the outermost part of the bent portion. 8.4 Flattening Test 8.4.1 Test Piece A test piece 50 mm or over in length shall be cut off from one end of @ tube. For the tube of wall thickness 15 % or over of its outside diameter, a test piece made into C-shape by removing part of the circumference of a full-section test piece may be used. 8.4:2 Test Method The test piece shall be placed between two flat plates, flattened by compression at ordinary temperature until the distance between the plates comes to the value specified in Table 3,-and checked for the occurrence of flaws or cracks on its wall surface. In the case of electric resis- tance welded steel tubes and butt-welded steel tubes, the weld shall be placed at right angles to the direction of compression as shown in Fig. 1. Further, a C-shape test piece shall be placed as shown in Fig. 2. ue1 G 3445-1988 Fig. 1. Flattening Test (for Full- Fig. 2, Flattening Test (for C-shape section Test Piece) Test Piece) Direction of compression Direction of compression | 9. Inspection 9.1 Inspection Inspection shall be as follows: (1) The general requirements for inspection shall be in accordance with aIS G 0303. (2) The chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions and appearance shall conform to the requirements specified in 3., 4., 5. and 6. The bending test and the flattening test, however, may be omitted when approved by the purchaser. (3) The purchaser may specify a flaring test, hydrostatic test, etc., in addition to those specified in (2). In this case, the test items, sampling method, test method and acceptance criteria shall be previously agreed upon by the manufacturer. (4) The number of specimens for product analysis shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer. (5) The method of sampling specimens and the number of test pieces for tensile test, bending test and flattening test shall be as given in Table 6.12 G 3445-1988 Table 6. STKM 1A Method of Sampling Specimens and Number of Test Pieces Method of sampling specimens and number of test pieces ‘Take one specimen from each 1000 m or under or its fraction of the tubes of the STKM 12A same dimensions, From the specimen, take one flattening or bend test piece STKM 12B for the tubes 50 mm or under in outside diameter, and one flattening STKM 13 A test piece for the tubes over 50 mm in outside diameter, in addition to each STKM 13B one tensile test piece in either case. STKM 14A Over Take one specimen from each 500 m 100 mm up | or its fraction of the tubes of the Aanap | STKM14B | toand same dimensions. From the specimen, of 11 to 20 inal. take one tensile test piece and one STKM 15 A | 200 mm flattening test piece. STKM 16 A STKM 17 A Over Take one specimen from each 250 m STKM 18 A 200 mm or its fraction of the tubes of the same dimensions. From the specimen, STKM 18B take one tensile test piece and one flattening test piece. STKM 19A STKM 20 A sTKM 12¢ | 100mm Take one specimen from each 1000 m or under or its fraction of the tubes of the STKM 13.C same dimensions. From the specimen, take one tensile test piece. STKM 14C Over 100 | Take one specimen from each 500 m Cof2 | STKM15SC | mm up to | or its fraction of the tubes of the STKM 16C and incl. same dimensions. From the specimen, 200 mm take one tensile test piece. STKM 17C | over ‘Take one specimen from each 250 m srkm iec | 200mm or its fraction of the tubes of the same dimensions. From the specimen reuse take one tensile test piece. 9.2 Reinspection G 0303. ‘The tube may be retested in accordance with 4.4 in JIS13 G 3445-1988 10, Marking Each tube having passed the inspection shall be legibly marked with the following items. The order of arranging the items is not specified. However, for smaller tubes or,on a request from the purchaser, tubes may be bundled together and marked for each bundle by suitable means. When approved by the purchaser, part of the items may be omitted. (1) Designation of grade (2) Letter symbol indicating the manufacturing process(3) (3) Dimensions (4) Manufacturer's name or its abbreviation EE Note (*) The letter symbol indicating the manufacturing process shall ‘ be as follows. However, the sign - may be replaced by a blank. Hot finished seamless steel tube Hi Cold finished seamless steel tube so Electric resistance welded steel tube other -£-G than hot finished or cold finished ones Hot finished electric resistance welded EH steel tube Cold finished electric resistance welded =o steel tube Butt-welded steel tube 3B Cold finished butt-welded steel tube -B-c 11. Report The manufacturer shall, as a rule, submit to the purchaser a report on the test results, manufacturing process, ordered dimensions, quantity and work lot number traceable to the history of manufacture, etc.14. G 3445-1988 Applicable Standards: JIS G 0303-General Rules for Inspection of Steel JIS G 0321-Product Analysis and its Tolerance for Wrought Steel JIS G 1211-Methods for Determination of Carbon in Iron and Steel JIS G 1212-Methods for Determination of Silicon in Iron and Steel JIS G 1213-Methods for Determination of Manganese in Iron and Steel JIS G 1214-Methods for Determination of Phosphorus in Iron and Steel JIS G 1215-Methods for Determination of Sulfur in Iron and Steel JIS G 1221-Methods for Determination of Vanadium in Iron and Steel JIS G 1237-Methods for Determination of Niobium in Steel JIS G 1253-Method for Photoelectric Emission Spectrochemical Analysis of Iron and Steel JIS G 1256-Method for X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometric Analysis of Iron and Steel JIS G 1267-Methods for Atomic Absorption Spectrochemical Analysis of Tron and Steel JIS Z 2201-Test Pieces for Tensile Test for Metallic Materials JIS Z 2241-Method of Tensile Test for Metallic Materials JIS Z 8401-Rules for Rounding Off of Numerical ValuesG 3445-1988 Edition & Japanese Text Established by Minister of International Trade and Industry Date of Establishment: 1961-02-01 Date of Revision: 1988-07-01 Date of Reaffirmation: 1994-06-01 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 1994-06-07 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Divisional Council on Iron and Steel ‘This English translation is published by: Japanese Standards Association 1-24, Akasaka 4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107 Japan © JSA, 1989 Printed in Tokyo by ‘Hohbunsha Co., Lta. 9