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DDT

liE Measurements I

Type T
The typeDDTrelay is a medium or high bias-slope
differential unit designed for protection of  two
winding power transformers over about 10 MVA
rating against internal phase and earth faults.
an
Basically
pair the or
of  bias relay is coils (in disc
induction
restraint unit with
addition a
to  an
operating coil) to  prevent operation by  external
faults. Types ODT12 and DDT3 2 are single and
triple pole versions respectively.

OPER TION

The relay s connected n a Merz Price con-

figuration to  corresponding matched current
transformers On either side of theprotected trans
former. The C.T. secondaries prov ide a thro ugh
current in the relay restraint coils which produce
a continuous torque on the disc in the contact
openi ng direction. The differential of the C T
secondary currents flows in the relay operating
coil.
Under normal load conditions the C T secondary
currents are equal and no current flows n the
operating coil. If  these currents become un 
equal d ue  t o  a fault in the transformers. the
resulting differential current energises the opera ype DDT 2 rel y
ting coil which produces a torque on the disc in 
the contactclosing direction. The contacts close
when the ratio of  the differential current to  the
tolerable level (determined by  the percentage
bias).
through current exceeds the slope of  the relay
operating characteristic determined by  the turns The mmimum operating current of  the relay is
ratio ofthe operating and restraint coils. determined by  the tension of  the disc control
spring and can be adjusted by rotating a knurled
The bias slope is chosen so that the relay is moulded disc against a graduated scale.
insensitive to  unbalanced external lead burdens
which normally give a lower ratio of  differential
current to  through current than an internal fault. CURRENT SETTING
In addition a fairly high bias slope is required to  40-100% (adjustable) of 0 '5 . 1 ·0  or 5·0 amps
prevent maloperation by  C.T. differential currents (C.T. secondary) 50or60   is
arising from:
(a) tap changing on  transformers giving mis
PERCENT GE BI S
match of the C T : s
20%,30%or 40% (selected by taps)
(b) different C.T. ratios and hence saturation
levels giving differential currents under The percentaged bias is defined at  the minimum
through fault conditions. . spill current
current settmg (40"";) as X 100
through current
(c) magnetising inrush giving secondary
currents in one set of C,T:sonly.
OPER TING TIM
To  prevent maloperation by  magnetising inrush
the relay function is delayed by a selected time 0·10 second t o 0· 25 second (adjustable) at 5
untilthe initial current peaks have decayed to a times current setting (see characteristic)

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,
BURDENS will make and carry 7500 VA for 3s with
maxima af 30 A and 660 V a.C. or d.c.
Bias coil Opettlting cGi1
-I
1--
BUIden (C T ) 11 Burden (C.T,) at
I rated current
Current
current setting
CASES
setting 50 c s 60 c s The relays afe supplied in drawout cases available
20% I 02 VA I 0·3 VA ;
40% 0·6 VA 0·7 VA
for either flush or projecting mounting and
finished in phenolic black.
04
30%
-I 0 VA VAl
, Standard relays are finished to BS.2011 :20/40/4
4,5 VA
~ i ( ; 4 ~ , ( } 5 V A ~ i 100% 3 7 VA and are suitable for normal tropical use; relays for
use in exceptionally severe environments can be
finished to BS.2011 :20/50/56 at extra cost.

Operating Coil Impedance The drawout case offers many advantages

A t the rated current, the operating coil impedance
including ease of maintenance and testing, and is
fitted with contacts which short circuit the
does not exceed 0'182 ohms and is 0·08 ohms at
satu ration.
associated current transformers on withdrawal of
the unit. A filter is filled to equalise the pressu re
inside and outside the case without admitting
dust.
Cur r ent Tr ansfor mer Knee-point Voltage
The knee point is defined as the point on the MQ1(:ml.l11 Ovorall Dimonslons

magnetisation curve at which a 10% increase n Relay Case HOlght - W;dth i Dopth *
excitation voltage produces a 50% increase in
excitation current. The minimum knee- point in > I mrr I ns : mm i ins rum

170 I 71
voltage is calculated as follows: DDT12
9 '; ' : 233 , 6ft i .7
(Singlo Pole, I 1D , I
V,= 21, ( R , + R, R, (star connected CT.'s) 3D
201 524 i 6 t I 170 71 197
21 y3) I, [R, + 3(H, + R,)l
32 (VerL)
or V, ?cle)
(delta connected C.T:s) 3D
(Horil,)
91 235 i 171 ' 454 I 11 1 197 i
where t = Maximum fault current
(CT. secondary amps) Add 3 ins (76 mM) for maximUM length of 2 SA termin<J1 sWds.
H, = C.T. secondary resistance (ohms)
R, Lead resistance between C,T.'s and Dimensioned drawings of case outlines, panel
relay (ohms) cut-outs and mounting details are available on
H, = Impedance of one half of relay bias requesl.
winding (ohms)
bias winding burden (VA)
A (rated currentj'-

AUXIL IARY U N I T S AND OPERATION

INDICATORS
An auxiliary attracted armature unit with a hand
reset operation indicator for either shunt
( seal in) or series seal in is fitted as standard.

Standard Coil Ratings

Voltage operated (shunt) auxiliary units are
available with nominal ratings of 30, 1 1 0 ,1 2 5 or
220 volts d.c.
Current operated (series) auxiliary units:

r/I nLTlum oporatmg ,

currem I amps 0 5 seco:,d c.1front ) Col: I l ~ S i S l i l n Q

(two l8Ps) latmg to amps in ohrrs

0,1 and 0-3 18 !l:"!d 22 9,2 and 2·1

0,2 and 2,0 22 fL,d 92 6·0 and 0 125
06 am: 2·4 92 and 188 0·29 and C 031

Other coil ratings can be supplied for both types

of auxiliary unit.

Contacts
Two pairs of electrically separate normally
open self or hand reset contacts are fitted and Operating characteristics (20 bias tap)

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,
~ T T T T i I I r I T 1 1 I
'1 Ti
,
:- I I
1.0 0
,
 
-f.  
:
,
I
...... f- - L   • i

! I
!
!
000
T I ; I
!

I IT, : , ' 
--- -..
, !
!
,
... ~ f - " .... I I
... j
, . . ,
o
90 0 ,
: ,

f::; r I -- .~ . - ~/l, i/:

j S .0 0
, :I II _..
I   I
~ - .... 1;; .,,1--1-+; ...-.
~ 100 f- .. -1--   ~ I f-' ,'" .. if/ 0; 70 0
I
IE - ~ 1 : f
-
 r - - + - :
' ~ / I
\ ~
+- f.. -t--h: 81-if f _ . _~ ~ ; " 1
" 
  f- 7i
  rf
f-7/1  , ,
' :
~ 6
«
0
i

: : - ¥
, :
~ . - ~ « I ' f { ~ - - f J
01
... f -
a 500 :
?
:::; f - - t ~ '
W,
II I
I 'iJL- ~ I

, I
.- f- - - f- "
~ 0
I
,
I
,
I
,
!
40 I l
,.0 ,

I 7 I
,
,7: Y I
,.. .- f- ii 30 1
0 --+ i ,
.L , - I / I
0o
-Lb::2',i,. I 1
._ .... 200
/
to o I V I 1 0 V ,.. ..... I-
~ , i V I i I :
o , 4 6
I
8
1
Hi 12 14 16 18 : ..... L . . ; ......
, I .. :.. 
2 4 6 8 10 12 4 16 is
THROUGH CURRENT (TIMES FUll LOAD)
THROUGH CURRENT (lIMES fULL LOAD)

Ope/aling characteristics (30% bias tap) Operating characteristics (40 bias tap)

rl TTT .-... ,
til
1
I ,

b H
.

, !
i·

'--, I-
H= i·.. ·'
 0 0 FAULT   - : .. .. -
i ' ~ ,
38 0 -f- CURRENT  , .
-
0 f -I
" --_._+
'2 ..

M
34 0
, :
I ! .
fS
8 30 0
32 0 --.- -
,

 -n I I, !"h
i
, ,
f-

,
28 0
I
I
:
._ . . I
  t ·ji -: - + f.f
I . C-.i--   •
~ 26 0 ~ T .. '
- E 22 00
I
I I I
...._ f- l - H .. t ,
, -

;:::  .
I ,
?E 20 0 .i
: 18 0
, ! " IS 10
OPERATING
" ClJlI:ur
" " AMM)
.0
" 55
"
16 0
I
14O ~ Differential circuit impeda nce characteristic
I
.2 0
, ·····1 l
.00
I\f'\: .----
R tOO% p.U. SUTING
•oi 
6
 
i "r ,
4f% p ~ Sfmr '
4 oI l - ,
0
i I :l
! 1 I I I
to
" 2 4 6

FAULT CURRENT (TIMES FULL LOAD)

12
•• f6 18

Time current characteristics t 30 bias,

time multip ;er setting 1 0

INFORMATION REQUIRED WITH ORDER

Relay type Trip circuit current (seriesseal in)
Current transformersecondary rating Trip circuit voltage (shunt reinforcing)
Frequency Operation indicatorinscription if required
Trip circuit (series seal in or shunt Auxiliary contacts (hand or self reset)
reinforcing) Case finish and mode of mounting

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•
TRANSFORMER
CONFIGURATION
Dy 11

  (T1T r-fTTT' ~ A
L

B
.J !
.........
L
(TITL, i..{iTTi
rr I 1.1
B

C ....... rrlTL ...frIT "'"' .......... C

Jll ! L :....I"
i -=..?

... . . _ - -. ~ ~ ..

ALARM TRIP

CT

t
r--

, tBTO
r--'>

i= : r ;q, Q,
SHOR TING
O N T ACTS

tJ
  J  
6 II 11 13 14 IS 16 17 ~ I ~ O

liS

-r i
BIAS alAS OP OP BIAS BIAS

I )- \ \. ...
r"  Egc> ~
1
v
A PHASE
v
a PHASE

OPERATING
COIL

BIAS

F
NOTE

 
--< COilS ALL THREE ELEMENTS ARE
AUX THE SAME A N D O N L Y ONE
UNIT IS SHOWN.
ALARM AND TRIP CIRCUITS
ARE PARALLELED"
 ------ - -, ,
'......J
DISC UNIT

TYPJ JI appiicalion and internal circuit diagram o f type D D T3 relay w i l h series seal in

EARTHING ARRANGE MENTS

Although not included in the diagram, it is assumed
that secondary C.T. andior V.T. circuits will be
earthed as necessary in compliance with standard
safety requirements and determined by the switch
gear contractor or user. If in doubt, please consult
GEC Measurementsfor advice.

Our policY is ono 0: c ontinuous product dev elopm ent and the r:ght is reserved to SUGply equipm of't which rT'<')Y Vary slightly frwn that dcsuibed.

- ' - ~ - ' - ~ - . - - ~ ...  . ~ . ..  ~  

... - ~ ~ - - ~ ~ ..~ ~ ...  
G e easurements The General Electric Company, p.l.c .. of England

SI. Leonards Works Stafford ST17 4LX England

Telepho ne: 07853251 Telex: 36240 Cables: Measu reme nts Stafford Telex

P u b l i c a t i o n R·5116D

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... ~ ~ ..  ...~ ~ ...   038320GSP Printed in 4/4
ngland