Republic Act 1425 started on June 12, 1956.
Senate Bill 438 known as Rizal Bill which was first authored and
sponsored by Senator Claro M. Recto. The bill requires the inclusion in
the curricula of Rizal’s life, works and writings in all public and private
schools, colleges and universities and the significant novels of Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Republic Act 1425 must be considered
as one of the most controversial bills in the Philippines. Before the bill
was approved and signed into law for implementation in all schools it
was brought to the Senate and House of Representative for discussions.
But what made it debatable is that the bill was not just vehemently
contradicted by some of the legislators but also by the Roman Catholic
Church due to the inclusion of that it is a mandatory reading of Rizal's
novels in which according to them, Catholic dogmas were mortified.
R.A. 1425 undergone the usual process as such senator Recto
brought the bill to the Senate, and Senator Jose B. Laurel Sr. who was
then the Chairman of the Committee on Education sponsored the
bill that consequently led to an exchange of views of both houses. The
bill was opposed by three senators namely Senator Mariano Cuenco
Senator Francisco Rodrigo who was a former Catholic Action President,
and Senator Decoroso Rosales who was the brother of Julio Rosales,
an archbishop. Other oppositions were from Lower House namely
‘Congressmen Ramon Durano, Marciano Lim, Manuel Soza, Godofredo
Ramos, Miguel Cuenco, Jose Nuguid, Lucas Paredes, Tecia San Andres
Ziga, and Congressmen Carmen Consing. The Catholic Church,
however, was indirectly included in the debates but played a significant
role. The church battle against Rizal Bill was Legion of Mary, the Holy
Name Society of the Philippines, Catholic Action of the Philippines,
Daughters of Isabela, and Knights of Columbus.
Oppositions assert that the bill would go against freedom of religion
and conscience, where a pastoral letter from the Catholic Bishops
Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) to which accordingly, such bill
is a violation of 1939 Canon Law which prohibits books that attack the
Catholic doctrine and practices. The opposition argued that among
the 333 pages of Noli Me Tangere, only 25 passages were nationalistic
while 120 passages are anti-Catholic. Scrutiny of the two novels by some
members of Catholic hierarchical oberved Noli Me Tangere with 170
readings and El Filibusterismo 50 passages are against the Catholic faith.
Furthermore, opposition pointed out that Rizal admitted that he did not
only attack the friars who acted deceptively on the Filipinos but also the