August 2013 二零一三年八月

HK$280

HONG KONG LAWYER

h k - l a w y e r . org

THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF HONG KONG 香港律師會會刊

ADMINISTRATIVE 行 政 法
Compensation for Miscarriage
of Justice
原判錯誤的補償

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
信息技術
Prof. Chan:
It’s not all fluffy:
Benefits and Risks of Cloud
Hong Kong students
Computing today are brighter
簡便的背後： than ever, but...
雲端運算的好處與風險

CONSERVATION 立 法 保 護
陳教授：
The Inadequacy of Hong Kong’s 今天香港的學生
Conservation Legislation
香港文物保育法例的不足之處
比以往任何時候
都聰明，但是...
CORPORATE FINANCE 企 業 融 資
Diagrammatically Good:
Understanding the New Property Valuation
Regime for Listing Applicants and Issuers
引入圖表的好處：
了解為上市申請人及發行人設立的新物業估值制度

Cover Story 封面專題

Face to Face With 專 訪

Johannes Chan 陳文敏教授

Dean of Law, The University of Hong Kong 香港大學法律學院院長
 www.hk-lawyer.org
Hong Kong Lawyer 香港律師

HONG KONG LAWYER

The official journal of The Law Society of Hong Kong
(incorporated with limited liability)
香港律師會 (以有限法律責任形式成立) 會刊
www.hk-lawyer.org
THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF HONG KONG 香港律師會會刊
Editorial Board 編輯委員會
Chairman 主席
Huen Wong 王桂壎 Inside your August issue 八月期刊內容
Jenkin SF Chan 陳少勳
Charles CC Chau 周致聰
Heidi KP Chu 朱潔冰
Steven B Gallagher
Julienne Jen 任文慧
Dave Lau 劉子勁
Hans Mahncke
George YC Mok 莫玄熾
Anne Scully-Hill
Michele Tsang 曾憲薇
Adamas KS Wong 黃嘉晟
Cecilia KW Wong 黃吳潔華
Tony Yen 嚴元浩

THE COUNCIL OF THE LAW SOCIETY OF

HONG KONG
香港律師會理事會
President 會長 ORY
Ambrose SK Lam 林新強 14 COVER ST
Vice-Presidents 副會長
Stephen WS Hung 熊運信
Thomas ST So 蘇紹聰
Council Members 理事會成員
Denis Brock 白樂德
Charles CC Chau 周致聰
Brian Gilchrist 喬柏仁
Junius KY Ho 何君堯
Angela WY Lee 李慧賢
Joseph CW Li 李超華
Michael J Lintern-Smith 史密夫
Peter CL Lo 羅志力
Billy WY Ma 馬華潤
Amirali B Nasir 黎雅明
Gavin P Nesbitt 倪廣恒
Kenneth SY Ng 伍成業
Melissa K Pang 彭韻僖 RATIVE
32 ADMINIST OLOGY
TION TECHN
Sylvia WY Siu 蕭詠儀
Cecilia KW Wong 黃吳潔華 38 INF ORMA
Huen Wong 王桂壎
Dieter LT Yih 葉禮德
Secretary-General 秘書長 3 EDITOR’S NOTE [PDF] [HKL online] 編者的話 [PDF] [HKL online]
Heidi KP Chu 朱潔冰
4 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE [PDF] [HKL online] 會長的話 [PDF] [HKL online]
Law Society’s Contact: www.hklawsoc.org.hk
與律師會聯繫 Tel: +852 2846 0500 6 CONTRIBUTORS [PDF] [HKL online] 投稿者 [PDF] [HKL online]
Annual Subscription 全年訂閱: HK$3,360 8 FROM THE COUNCIL TABLE [PDF] [HKL online] 理事會議題 [PDF] [HKL online]
Thomson Reuters 10 LETTER TO HONG KONG LAWYER 給《香港律師會》的信 [PDF] [HKL online]
10/F, Cityplaza 3, Taikoo Shing, Hong Kong
Tel: +852 3762 3200 12 FROM THE SECRETARIAT [PDF] [HKL online] 律師會秘書處資訊 [PDF] [HKL online]
www.thomsonreuters.com
ISSN 1025-9554
14 COVER STORY [PDF] [HKL online] 封面專題 [PDF] [HKL online]
Face to Face With 專訪
© Copyright is reserved throughout. No part of Johannes Chan 陳文敏教授
this publication can be reproduced in whole or
part without the express permission of the editor. 24 LAW SOCIETY NEWS [PDF] [HKL online] 律師會新聞 [PDF] [HKL online]
Contributions are invited, but copies of work should
be kept, as Hong Kong Lawyer can accept no 32 ADMINISTRATIVE 行政法
responsibility for loss. Compensation for Miscarriage of Justice 原判錯誤的補償

38 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 信息技術 [PDF] [HKL online]

It’s not all fluffy: : 簡便的背後：
Benefits and Risks of Cloud Computing 雲端運算的好處與風險
 August
2013
二零一三年八月
HK$280

Managing Editor 執行主編 44 CONSERVATION[PDF] [HKL online] 立法保護 [DF] [HKL online]
Vince Chong 張哲寧
The Inadequacy of Hong Kong’s 香港文物保育法例的不足之處
vince.chong@thomsonreuters.com
Conservation Legislation
Chinese Editors 中文編輯
Edmund Cham 湛樹基 50 CORPORATE FINANCEPDF] [HKL online] 企業融資 [DF] [HKL online]
Natalie Lee 李頴琳 Diagrammatically Good: 引入圖表的好處：
Design and Production 設計及制作 Understanding the New Property Valuation 了解為上市申請人及發行人設立的新物業
Samson Pang 彭振生
Regime for Listing Applicants and Issuers 估值制度
Sales and Marketing Director 銷售總監
Jane Lewis 劉真美 56 INDUSTRY INSIGHTS [PDF] [HKL online] 業界透視 [PDF] [HKL online]
Commercial and Online Development
64 CASES IN BRIEF [PDF] [HKL online] 案例撮要 [PDF] [HKL online]
Director 商業和網絡發展總監
Robert Head 74 LEGISLATION UPDATES [PDF] [HKL online] 立法新知 [PDF] [HKL online]
robert.head@thomsonreuters.com
Content Development Director 76 PROFESSIONAL MOVES [PDF] [HKL online] 會員動向 [PDF] [HKL online]
內容發展總監
Neerav Srivastava 史立楓
79 CAMPUS VOICES   法學院新聞
neerav.srivastava@thomsonreuters.com 80 AFTER WORK [PDF] [HKL online] 工餘閒情 [PDF] [HKL online]
Translation team 翻譯組: Growing Old with Technology: 與科技一起成長：
Patrick Li 李國強
It’s App Appropriate 為長者而設的應用程式
Johnny Au 區仲禮
Info Power 84 THE LAST WORD [PDF] [HKL online] 趣聞 [PDF] [HKL online]
Staff contributors 內部貢獻:
Vivian Leung 梁靜妍
Rocky So 蘇衍成
Special thanks to Hong Kong Law Reports
& Digest and Reuters News
特別感謝 香港法律彙報與摘錄 及
路透社新聞

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TION
44 CONSERVA
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Klaus Pfeifer 范梓樺 50 CORPORA
klaus.pfeifer@thomsonreuters.com

All information and views expressed by contributors and

advertisements in Hong Kong Lawyer do not necessarily
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Whilst every effort is made to ensure editorial and commercial
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Members are encouraged to contribute but the Editorial
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80 AFTER WORK
 August 2013 • EDITOR’S NOTE  編 者 的 話

EDITOR’S NOTE
編者的話
Law is all about change, to keep abreast of shifting trends – which 法律就是改變，我們要緊貼時代的變遷(尤其在這全球化
are shifting all the faster in this age of globalisation - and evolve or 的年代變遷何其快速)，並隨之演變或改進。
improve as a result.
今期我們就向改變出發。我們邀得陳文敏教授接受訪
This month’s issue is all about that, from our cover interview with 問，作為任職時間最長的香港大學法律學院院長，他在
Professor Johannes Chan, where the longest-serving Dean of Law at
訪問中暢談即將榮休一事（詳見第20頁）。我們亦分別
The University of Hong Kong talks about his impending retirement
就保育（詳見第47頁）及上市法定制度（詳見第53頁）
from the post (pg. 14), to expert and keen views on why and how
Hong Kong should improve upon its conservation (pg. 44) and ，探討香港為何及應如何作出改變。此外，陳教授亦為
listing statutory regimes (pg. 50). Prof. Chan himself pens an august 今期撰文，詳述香港應作出何等改變以解決原判錯誤的
argument on how changes should be made to address miscarried 問題（詳見第36頁）。
justice (pg. 32).
繼Facebook、Dropbox、Windows Live Mesh及Wuala
We also have a lawyer and IT lecturer spell out for us the benefits and 等電子網絡侵佔（和入侵？）我們的生活，使用雲端計
risks of the cloud computing system (pg. 38) – the usage of which is 算系統可以說是前所未有最突破和發展最快的趨勢之
arguably one of the most ground-breaking and fastest-growing trends
一，今期我們有一位律師兼資訊科技講師為大家講解雲
of all time, following the invasion (and intrusion?) of e-networks such
端計算系統的好處和風險（詳見第41頁）。
as Facebook, Dropbox, Windows Live Mesh, Wuala, etc into our lives.
There are other instances of change in these pages, such as a law 今期亦有其它關於改變的內容，例如有位法律系學生向
student’s views on why a bar-exam might serve the legal profession 大家講述就為何律師考試比法律專業證書課程對法律界
better than the Postgraduate Certificate in Laws, or PCLL (pg. 10). 更有裨益（詳見第10頁）。細讀一下，看看您是否同意
Have a read and see if you agree with them. 他們的見解吧。

Vince Chong
張哲寧
Editor, Hong Kong Lawyer
《香港律師》編輯
Managing Editor, Sweet & Maxwell
Sweet & Maxwell執行主編
Thomson Reuters
vince.chong@thomsonreuters.com 湯森路透

Exclusively on Hong Kong Lawyer Online (available only in English)

Week of 2 July 2013 15 July 2013
• Australia’s tax authority sues Cheung Kong infrastructure, • Anti-smoking Australia prevails in dry run of WTO dispute
power assets • China says ready to hand over audit documents; US SEC seeks
• Spain’s crusading ex-judge Garzon mulls helping Snowden court order
• EU reaches deal on 2020 auto emissions law • Court approves China’s biggest private shipbuilder legal action to
• Kodak emerges from bankruptcy protection reclaim 630 million yuan
• China says that GSK execs confess to bribery and tax crimes
8 July 2013 Selected law firm news
• China probes foreign infant milk firms for anti-trust • Withers expands further in Asia
violations
• “I AM”, or am I not? Intellectual property dispute over 22 July 2013
“I AM” • Akin Gump moves to increase capital in-house
• Global firms open Middle East offices • US delays FATCA implementation
• Lover of late tycoon Nina Wang jailed 12 years for forging • Passengers eye legal action against Boeing, Asiana over crash
wil • Malaysia’s Islamic finance overhaul boosts protection for depositors
Selected deals • Smithfield’s Chinese bidders plans Hong Kong IPO after deal,
• Hogan Lovells advises on US283.5 million Macau Legend sources say
Development IPO • US lawyer sentenced to prison for role in US$2.4 billion fraud

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 •  August 2013
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE
會長的話
Unity in diversity
❝ I enjoy very much the lively discussions at Law Society
meetings, and we often joke at our Council meetings that with
20 Council members, we could easily come up with 22 different
views on a subject matter. Diversity in views facilitates healthy
debates and enhances the quality of discussions.
Bringing out diversity and then achieving
unity is what I believe to be a most
challenging process. Unity in diversity
will give us a strong and loud voice, and
this has been one of my goals since my
election as a member of the Law Society
Council in 2004.
I love sports and I believe that sports
have the unique power of bringing
people together. As soon as I became a
Council member, I suggested reaching
out to our members through sports and
recreational activities. However, my voice
was not echoed as much as I would have
liked because the response of the general
membership to Law Society functions
in the past was not too enthusiastic. A
disappointing example was when only
one pianist came forward in response to
the Law Society’s call for talent to form
an orchestra.
It is not in my nature to give up, so I made
the suggestion again in 2005 and was
able to convince a newly-constituted
Council to form a Recreation and Sports
Committee, which was finally established
in June 2005. My favourite sports, soccer
and tennis, were among the sports teams
that were first formed; then came others
including golf, basketball, table-tennis,
badminton, swimming and bowling – in
total, eight teams were formed in 2005.
It was not an easy task running those
teams. The first hurdle was to attract
members to join and get the right
4  www.hk-lawyer.org
convenor to lead each of the teams. I
had to personally call around and exert
a little pressure to coerce my athletic
friends to join. I ended up being very fit in
those days as I had to participate in the
different teams to make up the numbers
almost every evening. Apart from the
physical exhaustion, I had to deal with
logistical and funding issues as the Law
Society was running all these activities
for the first time. Luckily I was not alone,
I had Dora Yeung, C. M. Chan, Vivien Yu,
Rocky Yung, Josephine Lee and Florence
Tsang to help me.
I am very pleased that the sports and
recreational activities of the Law Society
have become very popular over the years.
We now have 23 sports and recreational
teams. In addition to the initial eight,
we have added new teams including
cycling, dragon boating, distance running,
snooker, hiking, volleyball, Chinese
calligraphy, Chinese painting, cookery,
food and wine appreciation, dancing, live
band, singing, Taichi and yoga.
These activities create opportunities
for members to meet their fellow
practitioners in a much more relaxed
social setting. The resulting friendships
facilitate communication at work and
even, in some cases, lead to romantic
proposals of marriage.
As a celebration of the friendships that
have developed, we started organising
the annual Sports Night dinner event for
members in 2010. Other professional
bodies that we competed against were
also invited. Again, the first year was a
challenge and our members’ response,
as expected, was slow: 16 tables were
reserved for the Sports Night dinner, but
the number of unsold tickets meant that
I had to personally pay for two tables at
the end. However, it has since become
a huge success and some members
actually told me that they look forward to
the event every year. Additionally, other
professional bodies comprising doctors,
accountants, and surveyors, etc have
enjoyed the event so much that they are
now using the same approach to reach
out to their own members.
Blessed with the dedication and hard
work of the Committee members and
the Secretariat, and the support of the
general members over the years, our
sports and recreational activities are now
very well-organised and attended. I no
longer have to make up the numbers
in teams or pay for unsold tables at
Sports Nights. In fact, tables are now
usually sold out within a week of the
announcement of this event on our
weekly circular.
Reaching out to members is the first
important step to unity. We can serve you
better if we have more insight into your
needs, and the way to do this is to interact
more with each other.
Our 2013 Sports Night is coming soon.
Keep a close eye on the announcement
and book your place early. I hope to see
you all at the event.
❞
Ambrose Lam, President
 August 2013 • PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE  會 長 的 話

多元共融

❝ 我非常享受律師會會議上的熱烈討論，而且
在理事會會議上我們經常開玩笑說，理事會有20
名成員，輕而易舉便能夠就同一事宜得出22個不
同的觀點。多元化的觀點不僅有助進行健康的爭
辯，亦可提高討論的質素。

要先帶出多元，後實現共融，我相信過程 經過多年，律師會的體育及康樂活動現 活動。此外，包括醫生、會計師及測量師

非常具挑戰性。多元而共融能夠使我們的 在非常受歡迎，實在令我倍感高興。我 等專業團體亦非常喜歡這項活動，他們現
發聲變得強而有力，自從我在2004年參 們現在擁有23支體育及康樂隊伍。除了 在甚至採用相同的方法接觸其會員。
選律師會理事會成員開始，這一直是我的 最初的8支隊伍外，我們組成了多支新隊
有賴委員會成員和秘書處的貢獻和努力，
目標之一。 伍，包括單車、龍舟、長跑、桌球、遠
加上廣大會員多年來的支持，現在我們
足、排球、中國書法、國畫、烹飪、美
我熱愛運動，並相信運動具有將人們聯繫 的體育及康樂活動不但安排有序且出席者
酒佳餚鑑賞、舞蹈、樂隊演奏、唱歌、
在一起的獨特力量。當我成為理事會成 眾。我無需再為體育隊湊數，亦不用為康
太極拳及瑜伽。
員，我即建議通過體育和康樂活動與各會 樂及體育晚會的剩餘門劵自掏腰包。事實
員接觸。然而，反應不如我預期般理想， 這些活動讓會員得以在一個輕鬆的場合與 上，現在當我們透過律師會的每週通告公
因為過去廣大會員對律師會的活動並不太 其他從業者見面交流。由此建立的友誼 布這項活動後，門劵通常在一個星期內即
熱衷。其中一個令人失望的例子是，當律 不僅有助促進工作上的溝通，在某些情況 售罄。
師會招募會員合組管弦樂團時，只有一名 下，甚至能夠造就美滿良緣。
接觸會員乃邁向共融的重要第一步。為了
彈鋼琴的會員報名。
為慶祝各會員在活動中發展出友誼，我們 提供更好的服務，我們需要更深入了解您
放棄從不是我的個性。我在2005年再次 在2010年開始為會員籌辦年度康樂及體 的需要，而方法正是加強互動。
提出有關建議，並成功說服新一屆理事會 育晚會。我們還邀請了曾在比賽中碰頭的
2013年度的康樂及體育晚會即將舉行。
組織一個康樂及體育委員會，這個委員會 其他專業團體。同樣地，第一年是具挑戰
請密切留意有關公布，並儘早預訂。希望
終於在2005年6月成立。我最喜愛的兩項
運動，即足球和網球，是最先組成的體育
性的，一如預期，會員反應冷淡：我們為
康樂及體育晚會預留了16張檯，但有些
在晚會上見到您。
❞
隊伍，之後另外共8個體育隊伍亦於2005 門券未能售出，我最後要為兩張檯自掏腰
年相繼組成，包括高爾夫球、籃球、乒乓 包。然而，自此以後晚會非常受歡迎，有
球、羽毛球、游泳和保齡球。 些會員告訴我，他們每年都期待參加這項

管理這些隊伍並非易事。首個困難是要吸
引會員加入及找來合適的召集人帶領每支 林新強，會長

隊伍。我不得不親自四處打電話，再施以
一點兒壓力迫使我那些愛好運動的朋友加
入。為了湊數，我幾乎每晚也要參與不同
的隊伍的活動，在那些日子我最終因而
練成強健的體魄。除了身體上的疲憊，我
還要處理後勤和資金方面的問題，因為這
是律師會首次舉辦這些活動。幸好我並非
獨自一人，我得到楊美麗律師、陳澤銘律
師、余玉瑩律師、容本樂律師、李淑芬律
師及曾冠穎小姐的幫忙。

www.hk-lawyer.org   5
 •  August 2013

CONTRIBUTORS
投 稿 者
Johannes Chan 陳文敏
Faculty of Law, The University of Hong Kong, Dean 香港大學法律學院院長
Johannes specialises in human rights, constitutional 陳教授專研人權法、憲法和行政法。他
and administrative law. He joined The University of 於1985年加入香港大學，並在2002年
Hong Kong in 1985, and became Dean of the Faculty
成為法律學院院長。他著述甚豐，由
of Law in 2002. He has published widely, and his
latest edited volume on The Law of the Hong Kong 他編輯成冊的《The Law of the Hong
Constitution (2011), soon became one of the leading Kong Constitution》(2011年)一書，在
works on the subject after its publication. 出版後迅即成為憲法著作的翹楚之一。
He has also maintained a practice at the Bar,
他同時亦繼續以大律師的身份執業，近
focusing in recent years on public law and human
年專注於公法和人權的領域上。陳教授
rights. Johannes has served on many public bodies,
including the Central Policy Unit, the Broadcasting 曾參與不少公共機構的工作，包括中央
Authority, and the Chairman of the Consumer Legal 政策組和廣播事務管理局等，並且曾
Action Fund of the Consumer Council. He was 出任消費者委員會的消費者訴訟基金主
elected one of the 10 Outstanding Young Persons in 席。他在1995年獲選為香港十大傑出青
Hong Kong in 1995 and received the Human Rights
年，並在1999年榮獲人權新聞獎。在
Press Award in 1999. In 2003, he was appointed as
the first Honorary Senior Counsel in Hong Kong. 2003年，他獲委任為香港首位名譽資深
大律師。

Kong Yuk Foon Doreen 江玉歡

Reed Smith Richards Butler, Partner 禮德齊伯禮律師行合夥人
Doreen is a real estate lawyer. Her clients include 江律師是一名房地產律師。她的客戶
property investors, developers, MNCs and banks. Given 包括房地產投資者、發展商、跨國公
her passion in heritage conservation, she embarked on
司及銀行。由於她對文物保護非常熱
and finished master degree courses in real estate and
愛，於是先後修讀並完成分別關於房
architectural conservation. She is also an associate
member of the Hong Kong Institute of Architectural 地產和建築保育的碩士課程。她亦是
Conservationists, and a part-time lecturer at The 香港建築文物保護師學會的副會員，
University of Hong Kong. In her spare time, Doreen 並在香港大學擔任兼職講師。江律師
enjoys writing, studying, travelling, photography, 閒時喜歡寫作、學習、旅遊、攝影、
badminton and golf. 打羽毛球和高爾夫球。

6  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • CONTRIBUTORS  投 稿 者

Mike Suen 孫志偉

DLA Piper Hong Kong, Partner 香港歐華律師事務所合夥人
Mike is a corporate finance lawyer specialising in 孫律師是一名企業融資律師，他專門
IPOs, takeovers and mergers, and local securities 從事上市、收購合併及本地證券監管
regulatory work.  Mike enjoys travelling, hiking and 方面的工作。孫律師喜歡旅遊、遠足
cooking - among other things, he declares that
和烹飪，除此之外，他表明永遠不會
he will never forget his experience in the Oxfam
忘記參加樂施毅行者的經歷。孫律師
Trailwalker.  And Mike believes that if he were not a
lawyer, he would probably try being a chef! 認為，如沒有當上律師，他很可能會
嘗試成為廚師！

Polly Owen Polly Owen

DLA Piper Hong Kong, Registered Foreign Lawyer 香港歐華律師事務所
Polly is a corporate lawyer who focuses on both equity 外地法律顧問
capital markets and cross-border M&A. She loves Polly是一名商業律師，她專門從
travelling and enjoying the outdoors - camping and
事股票資本市場和跨境併購兩個
walking - as well as exploring Hong Kong.
領域。她喜歡旅遊和享受戶外活
動，包括露營和散步，以及到處
探索香港。

Chan So Yuen Zoe 陳蘇完

IT Security Law and Risk Management, 香港大學專業進修學院資訊科技保安
HKU School of Professional and Continuing 法律及風險管理科目兼職講師及律師
Education, Part-time Lecturer and Solicitor
陳律師不僅是特許秘書及行政人員公會
Also a fellow member of the Chartered Institute of
的資深會員，同時亦是律師會律師行科
Companies Secretaries and Administrators, Zoe
技支援興趣小組的成員。小組的目的是
is part of the Law Society’s Law Firm Technical
Support Interest Group, which promotes the use 推廣資訊科技的應用，以改善提供法律
of IT towards improving delivery of legal services 服務及執法的模式。陳律師閒時喜歡從
as well as administration of justice. She enjoys pro 事公益事務和旅遊。
bono work and travelling in her spare time.

www.hk-lawyer.org   7
 •  August 2013

FROM THE COUNCIL TABLE

理事會議題
Consultation Paper on Review of the Connected 《檢討關連交易規則的諮詢文件》
Transaction Rules (the “Consultation Paper”) （下稱「諮詢文件」)
The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Exchange”), a wholly- 香港交易及結算所有限公司(下稱「港交所」)全資附屬公司
owned subsidiary of Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited, 香港聯合交易所有限公司(聯交所)在4月就檢討建議修訂上
launched a three-month consultation process to review the proposed
市規則(下稱「規則」)，展開為期三個月的諮詢。
changes to its Listing Rules (the “Rules”) on connected transactions in
April. 諮詢文件載有一系列建議，其中包括對附屬公司層面的關
The Consultation Paper contains a number of proposals including 連人士引入進一步豁免，理由是此等人士不大可能僅僅因
the introduction of further exemptions for connected persons at the 為他們與發行人附屬公司的關係而會對發行人有重大影響
subsidiary level, as it is unlikely for these persons to exert undue 力。雖然原則上歡迎放寬限制的建議，但律師會的公司法
influence over the issuer merely because of their relationship with 委員會（下稱「委員會」）認為有必要為涉及主要附屬公
the issuer’s subsidiaries. Whilst the proposed relaxation is welcomed
司及其關連人士的交易提供保護，正如East Asia Satellite
in principle, the Law Society’s Company Law Committee (the
v New Cotai [2011] 3 HKLRD 734一案所示。
“Committee”) submitted that there is a case to maintain protection
for transactions involving significant subsidiaries and their connected 此外，委員會亦就以下各項提出意見：
persons, as demonstrated by the decision in East Asia Satellite v New
Cotai [2011] 3 HKLRD 734. • 現時的監管模式是否適當

The Committee also commented on inter alia the following: • 關連交易規則的簡化用字修訂

• Appropriateness of the current regulatory approach • 擴大港交所的推定權力以涵蓋影子董事及實際控股股東

• Adopting plain language amendment to the Rules on connected • 修訂規則，使其不再涵蓋若干低風險的交易
transactions
• 關於持續關連交易的監管架構的建議修訂
• Extension of the deeming power of the Exchange to cover shadow
directors and de facto controlling shareholders • 關於關連交易的豁免的建議修訂

• Exclusion of certain transactions from the Rules where the risk is 有關意見書已於6月26日公佈，詳情可瀏覽律師會
low
網 站 ：http://www.hklawsoc.org.hk。
• Proposed changes to the regulatory framework for continuing
connected transactions
• Proposed changes to the exemptions for connected transactions 《建議修訂〈上市規則〉條文劃一「關連人
The submissions were published on 26 June and can be viewed on the 士」及「聯繫人」定義的諮詢文件》
Law Society’s website at http://www.hklawsoc.org.hk. （下稱「規則」)
除《檢討關連交易規則的諮詢文件》外，香港交易及結算
Consultation Paper on Proposed Changes to Align the 所有限公司亦為利便重新編寫第14A章，就建議修訂上市
Definitions of “Connected Person” and “Associate” in
規則條文劃一「關連人士」及「聯繫人」的定義，展開為
the Listing Rules (the “Rules”)
期三個月的諮詢。
In addition to the Consultation Paper on Review of Connected
Transaction Rules, the Hong Kong Exchange and Clearing Limited also

8  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • FROM THE COUNCIL TABLE  理 事 會 議 題

launched a three-month consultation process on the proposed changes to 這項諮詢檢討了在第1章和第14A章所載的兩個定義之間

align the definitions of “connected person” and “associate” used in various 的差異，並提出以下建議：
parts of the Rules to facilitate the re-writing of Chapter 14A.
• 將第1章內「關連人士」及「聯繫人」的定義分別易
This consultation reviewed the differences between the two definitions in
名為「限定關連人士」及「緊密聯繫人」，以跟第
Chapters 1 and 14A and proposed the following:
14A章所採用的定義區分開來
• Rename the definitions “connected person” and “associate” in Chapter
1 as “restricted connected person” and “close associate” to distinguish • 將《上市規則》若干部分條文所採用的有關定義與第
them from those adopted in Chapter 14A 14A章所載者劃一（如該規則的目的是保障獨立/少
• Align the definitions in certain parts of the Listing Rules with those 數股東的權益）。
used in Chapter 14A if their purposes are also the protection of
independent/minority shareholders 公司法委員會（下稱「委員會」）認為將有關定義劃一
的建議會導致現行規定獲不同的擴展，並增加發行人符
The Company Law Committee (the “Committee”) considered that
the proposed alignment will lead to various extensions of the existing 合有關規定的負擔。委員會亦指出劃一有關定義會對個
requirements, and lead to an increase of issuers’ compliance burden. 別規則造成影響，值得作進一步考慮。
The Committee also highlighted the implications of alignment of the
有關意見書已於6月26日公佈，詳情可瀏覽律師會網
definitions on particular rules which should merit further consideration.
站：http://www.hklawsoc.org.hk/pub_e/news/
The submissions were published on 26 June can be viewed on the Law submissions/20130626.pdf。
Society’s website at http://www.hklawsoc.org.hk/pub_e/news/
submissions/20130626.pdf.
《優化公司破產法例立法建議諮詢文件》
（下稱「諮詢文件」）
Consultation Paper on the Improvement of Corporate
當局在4月發表諮詢文件，就優化公司破產法例的立法
Insolvency Law (the “Consultation Paper”)
建議徵求意見，有關建議涵蓋的範疇如下：
In April, the Administration released its Consultation Paper to seek
views on legislative proposals to improve corporate insolvency law in the • 清盤的開始
following areas: • 臨時清盤人和清盤人的委任、權力、離職及免除職
• Commencement of winding-up 務規定
• Appointment, powers, vacation of office and the release of provisional
• 清盤的進行
liquidators and liquidators
• 可使無效的交易
• Conduct of winding-up
• Voidable transactions • 在清盤期間的調查、清盤前或清盤過程中的罪行，以
• Investigation during winding-up, offences antecedent to or in the 及法院的權力。
course of winding-up, and powers of the court.
我們注意到有關法例已近30年沒有作檢討，上一次對
It was noted the law has not been reviewed for almost 30 years, with the 公司破產法例作出重大改革是1984年。
last major reform of corporate insolvency law taking place in 1984.
諮詢小組在2012年1月成立，由破產管理署署長擔任主
An Advisory Group, chaired by the Official Receiver, was formed in January
席，為當局就該立法建議提供專業及技術性意見，而律
2012 to provide expert advice and technical inputs to the Administration
on the legislative proposals; the Law Society was represented on the 師會亦有委任代表加入該諮詢小組。
Advisory Group.
為協助會員了解諮詢文件載列的46項建議，法律專業
To assist members to futher understand the 46 proposals put forward 學會在5月21日就有關課題舉辦了一個研討會，並邀請
in the Consultation Paper, the Academy of Law organised a seminar on 財經事務及庫務局以及破產管理署的官員向會員講解
the issue on 21 May and invited officials from the Financial Services and
有關諮詢。
Treasury Bureau and the Official Receiver’s Office to brief members on the
consultation. 律師會的破產法委員會擬備了意見書，並於7月9日獲
The Law Society’s Insolvency Law Committee prepared submissions which 理事會批准。
were approved by the Council on 9 July. 有關意見書已上載至律師會網站：
The submissions can be viewed on the Law Society’s website at http:// http://www.hklawsoc.org.hk/pub_e/news/
www.hklawsoc.org.hk/pub_e/news/submissions/20130709.pdf. submissions/20130709.pdf 。

www.hk-lawyer.org   9
HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013

Letter to Hong Kong Lawyer

給《香港律師會》的信
香港律師的資格不應以法學專業證書作指標，
Let the Market Decide Who Can Be a Lawyer in 應由市場導向
Hong Kong, Not the PCLL 作者 Ken McCauley 香港中文大學法理學博士課程學生
By Ken McCauley, JD Student, The Chinese University of Hong Kong 我現時在香港中文大學修讀法理學博士(JD)課程，而我對於
I am a Juris Doctorate (“JD”) candidate at The Chinese University of Hong 畢業後是否合資格取得律師牌照感到憂慮。
Kong, and I am concerned about my eligibility to receive a law license as 法學專業證書課程的缺陷，在於它把眾多已受正規法律教育
the fruition of my legal studies.  的學生拒諸於成為本港執業律師的門外。
The defect of the Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (“PCLL”) program is that 這看來是一種保護主義，其形式是控制每年的律師牌照數
it keeps out a large number of educated law students from ever becoming 目，從而限制能夠取得執業律師資格的人數。能否獲得資
a lawyer in Hong Kong. 格，並不取決於考生在法律課程完結時舉行的一次嚴格的法
It appears to be a form of protectionism that rations the number of licenses 律知識考試中的表現，而是取決於從課程首個學期起便累積
to practice per year, thus limiting the number of people permitted to 計算的「平均等級分」(即一般所稱的GPA)。最終用以決定
qualify. The determination of who gets over the barrier is not contingent 多少人有機會修讀法學專業證書課程的因素，是學位數目的
on a final rigorous comprehensive assessment of the candidate’s legal 多寡。
knowledge at the end of their education, but instead on a cumulative
另一方面，設立律師資格考試將有助消除這種隨意性，讓有
Grade Point Average (“GPA”) starting from term one. It is the number of
志成為律師的人士有機會獲得評核，同時能確保考生在獲得
seats available that finally decides how many will be admitted to the PCLL.
執業資格前對於各個核心科目具備一定程度的認識。香港的
A bar exam, however, would eliminate this arbitrariness and let those who 政治和經濟體系向來重視個人追求合法目標的自由。那麼，
want to become lawyers have that chance by requiring them to intensively 法律界作為維護香港各種核心價值的把關者，為何要對追求
review and be tested on the core subjects. Hong Kong’s political and 個人成就的自由設定配額？
economic systems value the freedom for individuals to pursue lawful goals.
Why then should the gatekeepers of its legal profession— the watchdog of 現行制度必須改變。既然已設有強制性的兩年實習期，那麽
those values this city holds so dear— set quotas on personal fulfillment? 多花一年修讀基本上是執業律師工作坊的法學專業證書課程
又有何實質意義？法學專業證書課程所教授的技能，必然會
The system must change. Taking into account the institution of the
在兩年的在職實習中學到。律師資格考試不但更公平，而且
mandatory two-year training program, what value is there in spending
會縮短取得律師牌照所需的時間。這將有助鼓勵更多在例如
a year learning practical skills at the PCLL, which is essentially a
practitioner’s workshop? These skills ineluctably will be learned during 航運、銀行和媒體等領域的本地人才把他們的專業知識和客
the two-year trainee apprenticeship. A bar exam is not only more fair, but 戶溝通技巧帶到法律界。
will also cut down the time required to become licensed—which would 法學專業證書課程的取錄過程十分嚴苛。基本上，報讀該課
encourage local talent from fields like shipping, banking and media to 程者不論如何勤奮自修或努力爭取經驗，一旦首次入讀的申
bring their expertise and client relation skills to the legal profession. 請被拒，便永遠無法成為執業律師。他們不能改變過去獲取
The draconian PCLL admission process essentially shuts the door to a 的GPA分數，而且要與眾多其他法律畢業生爭奪有限的法學
license indefinitely if an applicant is turned down the first time around. 專業證書課程學額。如果沒有律師牌照，懂得如何入稟區域
It makes no difference how much further self-study students pursue, or 法院就如懂得為步槍裝彈一樣，根本無用武之地。無法修讀
how much other experience they gain. Their GPA is fixed, against more 法學專業證書課程，便等同欠缺執業律師資格，從而不能在
graduates coming through each year for a limited number of PCLL places. 法律界一展所長。
Without a license, knowing how to commence an action in the District 律師會有需要落實新體制，讓所有希望成為執業律師的法律
Court will be relegated to an ultimately unusable skill set, like the ability 學生得享考取律師牌照的自由和機會。以律師資格考試取代
to load a musket. No admission to the PCLL means no license and thus no
法學專業證書課程，是一個既公平且進步的選擇。原本營辦
access to the arena where those skills can be discharged.
法學專業證書課程的學院亦可轉而提供律師資格考試預備課
The Law Society needs to implement a new regime, one that lets all 程，從而避免失去學費收益。
law students who wish to practice achieve the freedom and potential a
對於市場飽和的憂慮，亦不足以支持保留法學專業證書課
license affords. Replacing the PCLL with a bar licensing exam is a fair
程。其結果可能意味著更多人身傷害案件事務律師四出尋找
and progressive alternative. The schools which sponsor the PCLL will lose
such tuition money, but this can be offset by offering intensive bar-review 業務，但與此同時，這亦會吸引許多在本地受訓且在法律以
programs in its place. 外範疇具備寶貴經驗的律師，以其他方式致力建設和鞏固本
地法律專業。
Neither do fears of a saturated market justify maintaining the PCLL. A
rigorous qualifying bar-exam that can be retaken rewards improvement 提供重考機會的律師資格考試，將鼓勵考生精益求精、努力
and tenacity. This will provide Hong Kong with a higher number of 不懈。這將為香港帶來更多來自不同界別和社會階層的法律
excellent advocates drawn from a wider range of society - ultimately, the 精英。畢竟，優質律師的人數愈多，他們所屬的司法管轄區
more competent lawyers there are, the better a jurisdiction will be. 質素亦愈高。

10  www.hk-lawyer.org
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 •  August 2013

FROM THE SECRETARIAT

律師會秘書處資訊 Ms. Heidi Chu, Secretary-General
秘書長朱潔冰律師

O n the members’ zone of the Law Society website, there is an FAQ

column that provides ready answers to questions frequently
raised with the Secretariat. Strangely, there are some areas that we
律
師會網站的會員區內，設有常見問題一欄，
列出秘書處經常收到的提問及相關答案，奇
怪的是，有些範圍我們很少有人會提問，但總是能夠
seldom get asked, but always find mistakes. We would like to take this
找到錯誤的地方。我們謹藉此跟各會員分享當中某些
opportunity to share with members some of these missteps, which we
誤失，並相信只要大家作出適當的關注，要避免犯下
believe can be easily avoided if proper attention is drawn to them.
這些失誤絕非難事。
- Accountant’s report
- 會計師報告
Every year, law firms are required to file an Accountant’s Report
(the “Report”) pursuant to Section 8(1) of the Legal Practitioners 根據《法律執業者條例》（第159章）第8(1)條，律
Ordinance (Cap. 159). This is a statutory form prescribed in 師行每年均須提交會計師報告（下稱「報告」）。
Schedule 1 to the Accountant’s Report Rules. The Report is filed by 報告須採用《會計師報告規則》附表1規定的法定表
an accountant qualified to do so under the Rules on behalf of a firm, 格。報告須由《規則》下合資格的會計師代表律師
which means that the ultimate responsibility lies with the principals
行提交，這意味著律師行的負責人肩負著確保報告
of the firm to ensure that the contents of the Report are accurate.
內容準確的最終責任。
While it is common practice that firms instruct their accountants to
file the Report directly with the Law Society, it is doubtful whether 雖然律師行指示其會計師直接向律師會提交報告是
many firms actually review the Report before filing it. Factual 常見的做法，但實際上律師行會否在提交報告前作
mistakes including the names of partners and the addresses of 出審核，實在成疑。常見於報告的事實錯誤包括合
firms are common in the Reports. Further, Item 10(3) of the Report
夥人姓名和公司地址出錯。此外，報告第10(3)項，
– the date when the firm ceases to hold the client’s money—is often
即律師行終止持有當事人款項的日期，經常漏填。
left unanswered.

- Employees’ Return - 僱員申報表

Another piece of filing that carries common mistakes is the annual 另一份出現常見錯處的申報是年度「僱員申報表」
Employees’ Return (the “Return”), which is in the form of a statutory （下稱「申報表」），申報表以《律師執業規則》
declaration prescribed in Schedule 1 to the Solicitors’ Practice Rules. 的附表1訂明的法定聲明形式作出。申報表中有一項
There is one section in the Return that is often overlooked, resulting
經常被忽略，以致答案不完整，該項為向不合資格
in incomplete answers – salary payment to unqualified staff.
人士支付的工資。
Information relating to salary paid to a part-time/temporary
unqualified person, paid other than on a monthly basis or made 如工資是向兼職/臨時的不合資格人士支付、非按月
through a consultancy firm or an employment agent engaged by 支付或經律師行委聘諮詢公司或職業介紹所支付，
the firm should all be reported in the Return with an explanatory 則有關工資的資料應在申報表中報告，並加以說

12  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • FROM THE SECRETARIAT  律 師 會 秘 書 處 資 訊

note. Where no salary has actually been paid to an unqualified 明。如律師行實際上並沒有向不合資格人士支付工

person, reasons should be provided. 資，應在申報表中提供理由。

- Agreement to refrain from making a complaint - 阻止提出投訴的協議

In an attempt to settle a dispute with a client, we have come across
我們曾經遇過以下情況：一名律師在試圖解決與客戶
instances where a solicitor enters into an agreement with his client
之間的糾紛時，跟客戶訂立協議，規定客戶不得作出
providing that, as a condition of the settlement, the client will not
file any complaint against the solicitor’s professional misconduct. 任何針對該律師的專業行為的投訴，並以此作為和解
的條件。
Since a solicitor owes his client a duty to perform the work
entrusted to him competently, in no circumstances can a solicitor 由於律師對當事人負有責任，需要執行託付予他的工
exclude his liability for professional misconduct or seek an 作，因此不論在任何情況下，律師均不可卸除專業失
agreement from his client to refrain from making a complaint
當的法律責任，或者要求客戶訂立協議以阻止客戶提
about his professional misconduct. Any agreement of this kind
contravenes Principle 6.01 of the Hong Kong Solicitors’ Guide to 出指他專業失當的投訴。這類協議違反《香港律師專
Professional Conduct. 業操守指引》第6.01條原則。

These errors typically result from ignorance of the 忽視有關規定是導致這些錯誤出現的通常原因，我們希

relevant requirements, and we hope that by raising 望透過在本文提出這些問題，讓各會員避免犯下這些
these issues here, members are able to better avoid
錯誤。
them.

Profile of the profession - updated statistics 業界最新統計資料

The Secretariat keeps a record of relevant statistics with regard to the 律師會會員不時要求秘書處提供與業界有關的統計
profile of the profession, and from time to time, we receive requests
資料。下列是一些最新的業界統計數字(截至2013
from members for updates on these statistics.  For those interested in
年6月底）：
obtaining such information, do keep an eye out for this section (as of
end of June 2013):

Members (with or without practising certificate) 8,726 會員（持有或不持有執業證書） 8,726

Members with practising certificate 7,562
Trainee Solicitors 918
Registered foreign lawyers 1,492
Hong Kong law firms 811
Registered foreign law firms 71
Civil Celebrants 1,867
Reverse Mortgage Counsellors 360
Solicitor Advocates 15
持有執業證書的會員 7,562
實習律師 918
註冊外地律師 1,492
香港律師行 811
註冊外地律師行 71
婚姻監禮人 1,867
安老按揭輔導法律顧問 360
訟辯律師 15

www.hk-lawyer.org   13
 •  August 2013

Face to Face With....... 專 訪

Johannes Chan
Faculty of Law, The University of Hong Kong, Dean

陳文敏教授
香港大學法律學院院長

By Vince Chong
作者 張哲寧

The longest-serving dean of The University

of Hong Kong’s (“HKU”) Faculty of Law (the
“Faculty”) talks about his decade-plus years
leading the Faculty, who should succeed him,
and why students are less hungry today, even
while being intellectually superior to those
before them.

❝ Traditionally we focus on a very

narrow legal sector and it is time to
think much broader.
❞
14  www.hk-lawyer.org
August 2013 • COVER STORY 封 面 專 題

www.hk-lawyer.org   15
 •  August 2013
P rofessor Johannes Chan Man Mun,
Senior Counsel, extends a warm
hand as I enter the Dean of Law’s office
in the relatively-new Cheng Yu Tung
Tower at HKU, where the Faculty has
been housed since last year. The space
is compact, bright, and, though a tad
untidy with papers and books aplenty,
conveys a sense of intellectual efficiency
that is without the airs that might be
expected to accompany the officium of
the deanship at one of Asia’s premier
law schools. Much like the room’s
occupant.
An expert in human rights, constitutional
and administrative law, Prof. Chan is
frank and accommodating to a fault
throughout our chat, pausing ever so
often to ensure that I keep up with my
note-taking. One senses in these the
values that make him a born educator.
“The one thing that I regret after taking
up the deanship (in 2002) is that I
haven’t had as much time to teach, and
having the influence of being a teacher,”
the 54-year-old don revealed.
“What brought me to academia in the
first place, apart from the research,
is that you are in touch with young
minds and through what you teach and
what you do, inside and outside the
classroom, you provide stimulation for
students and that part is what I enjoy
most, and the part that has kept me in
academia for the past 25 years.”
This meant that he insisted on taking
on courses even after becoming an
executive dean and was not required to
teach.
For the moment though, “enough
is enough” where the deanship is
concerned, Prof. Chan says. Plus, he was
a head of department for three years
prior to being dean, which brings his
total number of years in administration
to almost 15 years.
More importantly, the don continues, it
16  www.hk-lawyer.org
is unhealthy for any institution to be led
by the same person for too long.
“No one should occupy leadership
positions for that long. So I think it is
time for me to step down,” he tells Hong
Kong Lawyer.
Two major issues
Prof. Chan was elected Faculty Dean
in 2002. In 2005, this position became
a by-appointment executive job with a
term of five years, which can be held for
a maximum of two terms.
“HKU said my first term (as elected
Dean) didn’t count and so I could do
another five-year term after 2010,” Prof.
Chan explains.
He felt however, that that was too long
a time, and subsequently negotiated to
cut it down to three years. It might have
been even shorter if not for the fact that
he was then handling two major issues
- namely the “double-cohort” reforms
and the Faculty’s move to its current
premises – and that it “would not be fair
to ask someone else to do them”.
The reforms refer to ambitious, wide-
ranging plans that saw Hong Kong
universities switching in 2012 from
three-year degrees to more “liberalised”
four-year ones that promote
internationalism. This stems from a
change in the number of secondary
school years from seven to six.
Concurrently, universities in 2012-2013
are also offering three-year courses,
for the last time, to those completing
the previous seven-year secondary
education curriculum. Yet, as law has
become a four-year programme since
2005, it was decided that its curriculum
would not be further extended.
This means that the Faculty has had to
embrace the additional requirements
while yet maintaining a coherent
curriculum without the luxury of an
extra year. It also had to drastically
boost and manage teaching and
learning resources to cope with the
extra volume of students. This is
hence known as the “double-cohort”
phenomenon. 
The other major challenge was the
move to Cheng Yu Tung Tower – a
building that Prof. Chan helped design.
His input towards making it a purpose-
built modern building included putting
in place a set of superior audio-visual
facilities that allow for the precise
capturing, recording and playing back
of proceedings in the moot court –
something that could not be done
before at the Faculty. For a year he
was on the construction site every few
weeks, working closely with engineers,
architects and contractors over a whole
range of technical issues. As the don
says - only half in jest - he “can now
claim to know every corner of the
building”.
Prof. Chan was to step down as dean
this June, before this was extended by
six months following an unsuccessful
search for his successor. Three
candidates were shortlisted from a
global search but ultimately found
wanting.
The next dean, he says, should be
a respected jurist with a global
perspective and administrative
experience. It would also be to his or
her advantage to have worked in Asia,
and be familiar with Hong Kong’s “one
country, two systems” regime under
China’s sovereign rule.
This person will face a much different
prospect as dean, he adds, compared
to when he first took on the job. Then,
Prof. Chan recalls, the entire university
was government-funded, and the job
was mainly about structuring classes
and maintaining the status quo, absent
frequent changes to the curriculum
and general education framework.
Plus, the law school as an institution

was then relatively set apart from the
general education community, given
the industry’s specific employment
guidelines and criteria.
Now, among other things, globalisation
and a cut in government funding bring
to the position a more commercial
nuance.
“The job is more challenging now
and administrative experience will
be invaluable… For instance, we
have around 80 full-time academic
professional staff - compared to about
40 when I started as dean – and
another 40 supporting and research
staff, and so on,” Prof. Chan continues.
“We run on a budget of about HK$85
million a year, which is probably bigger
than a lot of small- and medium-sized
enterprises. We have also expanded the
number of programs and collaboration
with overseas institutions. At the same
time, there is an ever increasingly
high social, political and community
expectation of transparency and
accountability on the part of the
University… You get the picture.”
Hong Kong students though
bright, lack hunger
A graduate of the Faculty himself, which
he joined in 1985 (notwithstanding inter
alia a stint in 1989 at the secretariat of
the European Commission of Human
Rights in Strasbourg, France) Prof.
Chan is well placed to judge the quality
of Hong Kong law graduates over the
past two-three decades; he quips that
he has probably taught half of them.
Intellectually, he goes on, Hong
Kong students today are “very bright,
even more so than those in previous
generations”. He attributes this to
greater exposure that children receive
from the internet, travelling and a spike
in the number of scholarship programs.
Yet, there is a “but”.
“What they lack, compared to previous
batches, is perseverance,” Prof. Chan
continues.
“They need this perseverance because
this is a globalised world and they
will face increasing competition from
everywhere, particularly China.”
He cites the fact that some 11,000
Mainland Chinese students jostle for
fewer than 10 places at the Faculty
every year.
“People here say getting into law school
is harsh, very competitive, and so on.
I say ‘look at those Mainland Chinese
students. If you are talking about
competition, you are nowhere near what
they are facing’,” Prof. Chan adds.
August 2013 • COVER STORY 封 面 專 題
“We are talking about very bright
minds, very hardworking students who
grasp every opportunity to learn… their
hunger for knowledge and opportunity
is something you do not see in local
students.”
Hong Kong students need to boost their
independence, Prof. Chan declares,
and instill in themselves skills needed
to compete in the 21st century concrete
jungle - skills that cannot be taught in
the classroom.
He recommends that students spend
some time overseas – that is, out of
their comfort zones - where they could
broaden their horizon, and be more
independent and less reliant on their
families.
Unexplored legal markets
Like projects whose benefits may
materialise only much later – think
birth control and literacy campaigns,
for instance – Prof. Chan’s decision a
decade ago to expand Hong Kong’s first
joint legal degree programs may just
change the city’s traditional legal job
scopes, even though critics note that
such courses dilute the value of a pure
legal education.
Prof. Chan disagrees, and says that
there are swathes of the legal market
that remain unexplored in Hong Kong.
And contrary to traditional Hong
Kong mindsets, law graduates do not
necessarily need to be lawyers.
“For example, if we are talking about
the rule of law, the first defender of
the rule of law, apart from the legal
profession, would be the government,”
he explains.
“But how many officials, ministers,
legislators, etc, have legal
backgrounds? For such ministers, you
can count with the fingers of just one
hand. It is the same for legislators -
there is a fair share of them who have
www.hk-lawyer.org   17
 •  August 2013
such backgrounds but the majority
does not, and if they are to discharge
their duties to read legislation, to vet
legislation, they need qualified support.
How many of them have people with
legal backgrounds to help them?”
By comparison, he points out, virtually
every congressman in the US has “three
or four law graduates working for them
as assistants, advisors, etc”, and “more
than half of the managing directors on
corporate rankings and lists like the
Fortune 500 have legal backgrounds”.
“And of course you have people like
yourself, in legal publishing, books,
texts, journals, etc,” Prof. Chan adds,
referring to me.
“Hong Kong is nowhere near that type
of market. Traditionally we focus on a
very narrow legal sector and it is time to
think much broader.”
The Faculty started with the joint
business-and-law program, with
some of its graduates now working as
accountants and managers, says Prof.
Chan, while graduates of its politics-
and-law course have turned to jobs
in the government, non-government
organisations, and academia.
Two years ago, the Faculty started
another joint program, this time pairing
humanities – that is, literary studies -
with law. This turned out to be an acid
test within the market.
“A lot of people could see how law is
related to business and politics, but not
humanities, and so they asked how this
would be useful,” Prof. Chan recalls.
“I said it depends on what type of law
graduates we want. For one I don’t
think you can be a good lawyer without
a certain dose of humanities, given
the historical and cultural context in
law. At the same time, humanities
training also opens up law students to
other opportunities. At the very least,
18  www.hk-lawyer.org
humanities training make them more
interesting people.”
For instance, he continues, many judges
and lawyers in the UK and US have
literary backgrounds, which enable
them to switch easily to academia or
writing.
Plus, this joint program goes to the
heart of education, where students are
able to satiate their innate interests in
such further studies.
“A lot of students in this course say
that they have always loved literature,
but their parents prefer them to be
professionals,” Prof. Chan explains.
“This then helps them fulfill family
expectations and their own learning
desires.”
Ultimately, he adds, the job market, like
any other, will adjust itself to changes.
When the Faculty produced the
business-and-law graduates, Prof. Chan first took up the case 10 years ago, he
recalls, the top five accounting firms was “in a very neutral place” where the
went looking for them, along with law harbour was concerned. This was before
firms. This was unexpected. he delved deep into the core of the
matter and saw what was at stake.
“You change market thinking as you go
along, and you change the perspectives “Yes the harbour is part of Hong Kong’s
of students and their parents,” he says. history, and yes there are always
“And if, being a leading university, we reclamation works going on, and so on
and so forth,” he recalls with a smile.
do not lead as such, who else is in a
position to do so?” “But when I started going deep into
the case, I saw the value of what I was
Favourite case doing… I had to go to Causeway Bay
True to his interests in public rights, and go into the drainage system to
evaluate water flows, etc, and I learnt
Prof. Chan cites as his favourite Hong
first-hand how irreversible the situation
Kong case a public interest litigation
would be if we did not do something
matter in which he represented the
now… the harbour as a dynamic life
Society for Protection of the Harbour
(the “Society”) against decisions of the force, how it can regenerate by itself if
government to reclaim the Wanchai and given the chance.”
Central waterfront of the city’s world The Society was not opposing
famous Victoria Harbour. The Court development, but excessive
of Final Appeal (the “CFA”) ruled for development, he adds, and the ruling
the Society and made the government forced the government to think about
relook its plans. development in a more sustainable way.
Yet, Prof. Chan admits that when he It was, as he says, one of those cases

that have a direct impact on public
assets.
The case was also significant, Prof.
Chan notes, in that it was the first one
to invoke the “leap-frog” procedure by
going straight from the Court of First
Instance to the CFA, bypassing the
Court of Appeal; and the first to make
full use of Hong Kong’s Technology
Court. Its ruling on indemnity cost
that was awarded to the Society also
has far-reaching implications for
the development of public interest
litigation, and the eventual change
of community attitudes towards the
harbour is an excellent example of
partnership between litigation and
social movement.
What next
Prof. Chan is non-committal as to
his future plans after he steps down,
which is for now, six months down the
road. He implies however, that he is
not likely to be a full-time barrister.
“I imagine that if I wanted to be a
barrister, I would have done it a long
time ago,” says Prof. Chan, who in
2003 was appointed Hong Kong’s first
Honorary Senior Counsel.
He admits to enjoying being in court,
and the excitement of the adversarial
process. On the other hand, he believes
that he enjoys “more the things you do if
you were not doing it for a living”.
“Doing cases out of interest, out of
helping to make an impact, is more
interesting than doing things to pay your
chambers expenses, etc,” he says with a
chuckle.
Teaching, obviously, remains an option,
as are research and advisory roles. But
what is certain is that when he closes this
particular office door for the last time,
the one thing that he shall miss are his
colleagues.
“The best part of this job… is that you
work with many different people,” he tells
Hong Kong Lawyer.
“You come across many different people
and there are a lot of wonderful people,
particularly the administrative staff,
and colleagues who have been working
closely with me. That will be the part
that I miss most. Otherwise, life has to go
on: a person who lives in the past has no
future. That is what I think.”
As one would expect, Prof. Chan shies
away from listing down his legacies as
Dean of Law. He admits though, to a
August 2013 • COVER STORY 封 面 專 題
certain satisfaction at how the school
has gone from being a local body to
a much more globalised institution
over the past decade. During his term,
the Faculty has concluded a number
of double degree and collaborative
programmes with leading institutions
in the world such as the University
of Pennsylvania, Duke University,
University of British Columbia, King’s
College London, and Zurich University.
“Just look at the posters around the
school and you can see how many
international visitors we get in a single
week for events and conferences that
we organise; there are literally three to
four such visits every week during term
time,” he notes, with his voice betraying
just a hint of pride, “and how we have
moved from a local law school to one
that is ranked within the top 20 law
schools in the world”.
All of these benefit the Faculty’s
population, which he names as the key
element in this equation.
“People are most important, especially
to a school,” Prof. Chan concludes.
“They deserve a good environment and
I am happy to see that they are getting
it here.” n
www.hk-lawyer.org   19
 •  August 2013

❝ 傳統上，我們都將焦點
集中在一個非常狹窄的法律
範疇中，而現在正是時候讓
我們將目光拉闊。
❞
在香港大學(下稱「港大」)法律學院(下稱「學院」)任職時間最長
的院長，與我們談及該學院在他十多年領導下的發展狀況的繼任人
選；以及今天的學生在智力方面雖然較以前的學生更為突出，但為
何他／她們的求知慾卻減退呢。

當
我踏進座落於頗新的港大鄭裕彤 陳文敏教授作為一位人權、憲法和 老師的影響力。」這位現年54歲的教育
教學樓的港大法律學院（該學院 行政法專家，在我們聊天的過程中， 工作者道出了他的心聲。
於去年遷到現址）院長辦公室時，資深 他顯得為人坦誠，甚至是過於包容。
「除了研究工作外，我打從一開始便選
大律師陳文敏教授給予我非常熱情的接 他曾經多次在說話中途停下來，深恐
擇從事教學工作，這是因為我可以藉此
待。該辦公室的環境簡潔明亮，雖然顯 我來不及把訪談的要點記下﹔從這一
觸碰年青人的心靈，並通過我所講授的
得有點凌亂，到處擺放著文件和書籍， 點，確令人感到他擁有使他成為天生
內容及所做的事情 （不論是在教室以內
但卻顯出了對學問鑽研的認真態度，卻 教育家的價值標準。
還是以外）給予學生們啟發，而那正是
又絲毫沒有半點所預期的—亞洲其中一
「當我（2 0 0 2 年）擔任法律學院院長 我覺得最有價值去做的事情，也是因著
所首屈一指法律學院之院長辦公室所應
後，令我感到遺憾的一件事情，就是再 這種有意義的工作，將我一直留在學術
展現的氣派。情況正與身處這個辦公室
沒有太多時間參與教學工作和發揮一名 界25年之久。」
的那位學者相似。

20  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • COVER STORY 封 面 專 題

這就是為何陳文敏教授成為了法律學院院 三年制學位課程。然而，由於法律課 由政府出資，而院長的主要工作是課堂

長，需要肩負行政工作而無需參與教學工 程已經從2005年開始改為四年制，因 的設計安排和維持現狀，課程內容和整
作後，仍然繼續堅持參與教學工作的原 此大學決定對其課程內容不作任何進 體教育架構並不會出現頻繁的變動。此
因。 一步擴充。 外，基於法律行業有其特定的聘用指引
和準則，法律學院作為一個機構，在當
但關於法律學院院長這一崗位，陳文敏教 這意味著，學院一方面需要實施額外
時是與一般教育社群頗為疏離的。
授說﹕「現在該是我引退的時候了。」在 的規定，另一方面卻需要維持一個不
陳文敏教授擔任法律學院院長一職以前， 需多花一年學習時間，但依然具有連 除了其他情形外，全球化以及政府經費
他也曾經擔任系主任一職三年，使得他在 貫性的課程。此外，學院還必須大幅 的削減，使得目前的情況變得稍為帶點
教育行政工作中所經歷的歲月，加起來幾 提升和管理教學與學習資源，以配合 商業味道。
近15年。 學生人數的增加。這就是所謂的「雙 陳文敏教授續稱﹕「院長的工作現時變
隊列」現象。 得更具挑戰性，而行政經驗是彌足珍貴
陳文敏教授繼續指出，更為重要的一點
是，任何機構如由同一人把持太久，便將 另一項重大挑戰是學院遷往鄭裕彤教 的......例如，現時我們擁有大約80名全
會出現不健康的情況。 學樓 — 那是一幢陳文敏教授有份參 職學術專業人員（我剛出任院長時大約
與設計的教學大樓。為使該教學樓 只有40名），另有40名支援和研究人員
他告知《香港律師》﹕「任何人都不應該
成為一幢為專門目的而興建的現代建 等等。」
長久霸佔著領導崗位。所以，我覺得現在
築，陳文敏教授因此積極地提供他的 「我們的每年預算約為8,500萬港元，
應該是引退的時候。」
意見，當中包括安裝一套先進的視聽 比許多中小型企業的預算可能還要多。
兩個重大問題 設備，讓在模擬法庭進行的程序得以 此外，我們也增加了課程的數目，並與
被精確地捕捉、記錄和回放— 而這種 海外院校進行協作。同時，外界對大學
陳文敏教授在2002年當選為法律學院院
種嘗試，是在以前的學院內無法做到 在透明度和問責等方面，也有著越來越
長。2005年，法律學院院長一職改為一
的。在一年當中，陳文敏教授每隔數 高的社會、政治和社群期許...... 這方面
項接受任命的行政工作，而每屆任期為五
星期便前往工地一次，就一系列的技 你是可以理解得到的。」
年，並最多可以出任兩屆。
術問題，與各工程師、建築師和承建
「港大說我的第一個任期（作為當選的院 商進行密切磋商。陳文敏教授半開玩 香港的學生雖然聰明，但缺乏
長）並不計算在內，所以我可以在2010 笑地說，「現在他可以說是對該幢建 求知慾
年後再擔任法律學院院長五年。」陳文敏 築物的每一個角落都相當熟識。」
陳文敏教授本人也是學院的畢業生，他
教授解釋說。
陳文敏教授原擬於今年六月離任，但 在1985年開始進入港大任教（儘管他曾
然而，他覺得這個任期實在太長，所以其 由於仍未能覓得適當繼任人，他的任 於1989年在法國斯特拉斯堡的歐洲人權
後通個協商將它縮短為三年。若非需要處 期因此需要延長六個月。在一項全球 委員會秘書處服務了一段時間），因此
理兩個重大問題，陳文敏教授甚至可能將 性的院長人選招聘過程中，共有三位 他有充足資格評價過去二、三十年來香
他的任期縮得更短。這兩個重大問題是﹕ 申請人被列入決選名單之中，但最後 港法律畢業生的質素﹔他打趣說，當中
所謂的「雙隊列」改革，以及學院遷往現 並沒有人被選中。 有一半人可能是他的學生。
時的新址— 而「這些問題如交給他人處 陳文敏教授說，下一任院長應該是一 他續稱，今天的香港學生在智力上是「
理，將會對這些人士造成不公平。」 位受人尊崇，且具有全球視野和管理 非常突出的，甚至比之前幾代的學生還
該等改革所指的，是各項甚具遠見且涉及 經驗的法學家。申請人如曾經在亞洲 要好。」他將這一現象歸因於互聯網、
面廣的發展計劃，旨在於2012年時，將 地區工作，並熟悉在中國主權下香港 旅遊，以及獎學金計劃的增多，使青少
香港各家大學的三年制學位課程更改為比 的「一國兩制」制度，這將會是他或 年吸收到更多知識。
較「通識化」，並有助達致與國際接軌的 她的優勢。
然而，當中存在一個「欠缺」。
四年制學位課程。此舉是基於香港的中學 他補充說，與他剛接任院長一職時比
「與以前的學生比較，今天的學生所缺
教育由七年制改為六年制﹔而另一方面， 較，該名被選上作為院長的人士，將
乏的是毅力。」陳文敏教授指出。
各所大學在2012—2013年度也須向先前 會面對一個非常不同的景象。陳文敏
修讀七年制中學課程的同學提供最後一個 教授接著回憶道，當時整所大學都是 「他們需要有毅力，因為現今的世界是

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 •  August 2013

一個全球化的世界，他們將要面對來自 政府。」他解釋說。
世界各地的（尤其是內地）越來越激烈
「但是，有多少問責官員、部長、立法
的競爭。」
會議員等，是具備法律背景的呢？就以
他列舉事實指出，每年大約有11,000名 問責官員來說，我們只需要一隻手的五
內地學生爭奪少於10個港大法律學院的 隻手指，便足以將他／她們的名字列舉
學位。 出來。立法會議員的情況也是如此 — 雖
然他們當中也有一些人具有法律背景，
「這兒的人說，『進入法律學院非常困
但大多數的議員都並非如此。在他們履
難』，『競爭非常大』，以及諸如此類
行職責的過程中如果需要閱讀和審議法
的說話。但我對他們說﹕『請看看內地
例，他們需要具有法律資格的人員提供​​
的學生吧。說到競爭，你們所面對的競
支援。但有多少立法會議員可以獲得具
爭遠遠不及他們所面對的大。』」陳文
法律背景人士的協助呢？」
敏教授補充說。
他指出，就以美國為例，幾乎每一位美
「我們現在所談論的，是那些非常聰
國國會議員都有「三或四名法律系畢
穎，非常勤奮的學生，他／她們把握每
業生擔任他們的助理、顧問等職」﹔此
一個學習機會......他／她們對知識和機會
外，在例如「財富500強」等企業排名榜
的渴求，是我們在本地的學生中找不到 律當中也涉及到歷史和文化，而我認為
和列表中，「有超過一半以上的董事總
的。」 要成為一位好律師，便必須具備一定的
經理都具有法律學科背景。」
陳文敏教授斷言，香港學生需要加強其 人文素養。另一方面，接受人文素質的
「當然，也有一些人可以像你這樣，在 培養，也能夠為修讀法律的學生開闢其
獨立性，並吸收在21世紀這一弱肉強食
法律出版、書籍、文字、期刊等範疇服 他機會。最起碼，人文素質的培養可使
世界裡所需要，但在課堂上無法學習得
務。」陳文敏教授補充道，並以我作為 他們成為更有深度的人。」
到的競爭技能。
例子。
他建議學生多花一些時間往外面遊歷 — 他繼續指出，以英國和美國為例，當地
「香港是完全與這樣的一類市場沾不上 許多法官及律師都有一定的文學修養，
也就是，離開自己的安樂窩 — 在外面的
邊的。傳統上，我們都將焦點集中在一 因此他們可以輕易轉投學術界或投身寫
世界，他們可以拓寬自己的視野，培養
個非常狹窄的法律範疇中，而現在正是 作行列。
更加獨立的個性，以及減少依賴家人。
時候讓我們將目光拉闊。」
此外，這一雙學位課程能觸及教育的核
未被開發的法律市場 陳文敏教授說，學院最先是開辦商學和 心，讓學生在該等進一步研習中，也能
正如一些計劃的好處，往往需要經過一 法律的雙學位課程，而有一些畢業生 夠同時滿足到他／她們天生的志趣。
段長時間才能實現一般 — 例如﹕生育控 現在已經成為了會計師或是進升管理階
「許多這一課程的學生對我說，他／她
制和去除文盲運動等等 — 陳文敏教授在 層，而政治法律雙學位課程的畢業生則
們向來喜歡文學，但父母都期望他／
10年前已決定擴展香港的首個聯合法律 投身政府、非政府組織和學術界。
她們成為專業人士。」陳文敏教授解釋
學位課程，而這將會改變本地的傳統法 學院在兩年前開辦了另一個雙學位課 說。
律工作範疇，儘管有批評人士指出，這 程，而這次是與人文學科結合 — 即是﹕
「這個課程能使他／她們在滿足家人期
樣的課程設計會將純粹法律教育所具有 文學研究與法律，而它已成為了市場上
望之餘，又能滿足自己的學習喜好。」
的價值沖淡。 的一個重大測試。
他補充說，就業市場最終也會像任何其
但陳文敏教授對此不表贊同，並認為香 「很多人可以看到法律如何與商業或政
他市場一樣，在變化的過程中進行自我
港的法律市場仍有大片土地未被開發。 治扯上關係，至於人文學科，則看來似
調整。陳文敏教授回憶道，當學院培訓
香港的傳統心態必須改變過來—法律科 乎有點牽強，所以他們質疑這樣的結合
出一批商學和法律畢業生後，五大會計
系畢業生不一定要成為律師。 是否適當。」陳文敏教授回憶道。
師事務所便與律師事務所一起，四出尋
「例如，我們若要談論法治，那麼除了 「我告訴他們，這是取決於我們想要有 覓他們的課程所培養出的人才。這確是
法律界以外，法治的第一個守護者便是 甚麼類型的法律畢業生。理由一，是法 出乎他的意料。

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「但是當我開始深入研究這宗案件時， 他可供考慮的還有研究和顧問工作。但
我發覺我所做的事情蘊含著非一般的價 可以肯定的一點是，這一個他經常在內
值......我不得不跑到銅鑼灣，進入排水系 處理公務的辦公室的那扇門，當最後一
統以評估水流量等情況，而我從第一手 次被他關上後，最令他不捨的將會是他
知悉，如果我們當時不開始做點事情， 的同事。
情況將會變得不可逆轉......維港作為一種
他告訴《香港律師》﹕「這份工作最吸
動態的生命力，如果我們給予它機會，
引人的地方......是你能夠與許多不同的人
它將會自行再生。」
一起共事。」
他補充稱，協會並不反對發展，但反對
「我遇到過許多不同的人，而當中許多
過度的發展，而該項裁決迫使政府考慮
人都很棒，尤其是行政部門職員，以及
以更為可持續的方式進行發展。正如他
和我一直緊密共事的同事們。這將會是
所指出的，這是其中一宗對公共資產有
我最懷念的事情。但另一方面，生活還
著直接影響的案件。
得繼續下去：人如果老是活在過去，他
陳文敏教授並指出，該宗案件自身也有 便會沒有將來。這是我的想法。」
其重要性，因為它是第一宗援引「跳
正如人們所預期的，陳文敏教授迴避談
蛙／三級跳」程序，繞過上訴法庭，從
「當你朝著自己既定的方向前進時，你 及他擔任法律學院院長任內的功績。但
原訟法庭直接上訴至終審法院的案件﹔
也同時改變了市場的思維，以及學生和 他承認，學院在過去10年間從一個本地
同時，它也是首宗率先充分利用香港科
家長們的想法。」他說。 機構發展成為一個高度全球化的機構，
技法庭的案件。此外，有關該案判給協
這對他而言確有某程度的滿足感。在他
「作為一所具有領導地位的大學，如果 會彌償訟費的裁決，對公共權益訴訟的
的任內，學院曾先後與若干世界上的領
我們不敢於開創前路，這任務還要交由 發展也有著深遠的影響﹔而社會對於維
先學術機構，例如賓夕凡尼亞大學、杜
誰來承擔呢？」 港態度的最終轉變，也是訴訟與社會運
克大學、英屬哥倫比亞大學、倫敦大學
動結合的一個極佳例子。
國王學院及蘇黎世大學等，締結了若干
一宗難忘的案件
雙學位計劃和協作計劃。
陳文敏教授非常關注公共權利，他列舉 未來計劃
了一宗關乎公共利益的訟案，作為令他 「你只要看看學院周圍的海報，你便可
陳文敏教授並不表明自己在離任後將有
感到最難忘的一宗香港案件。在該案中 以知道我們每個星期接待多少位國際訪
何計劃，而現時距他離任還有六個月時
他作為「保護海港協會」（以下簡稱 客出席我們所組織的活動和會議﹔在學
間。不過，他暗示自己當全職大律師的
「協會」）的代表律師，反對政府決定 期期間，我們每週有大約三至四次這樣
可能性不高。
在灣仔以及馳名世界的維多利亞港的中 的賓客到訪安排。」他告訴筆者（但他
他說﹕「如果我想當一名大律師，很久 不自覺地讓聲音流露出一絲自豪感來）
環海濱進行填海。終審法院裁定協會勝
以前我便已經當了。」陳文敏教授於 。「你也可以看到我們是如何從一所本
訴，並命令政府重新審視其計劃。
2003年被委任成為香港首位名譽資深大 地法律學院，進身至全球最佳法律學院
但陳文敏教授坦言，當他在10年前剛開 律師。 20強之列。」
始處理這宗案件時，就有關維港的問題
他坦承他喜歡擔任出庭工作，並享受對 所有這些成就，都足以令學院的所有人
上，他是「處於一個非常中立的地位」
抗性法律程序所帶來的剌激感。另一方 得益。在這一條方程式中，他認為人是
，但這只是在他未深入鑽研問題的癥
面，他認為他只喜歡「做一些並非為了 最關鍵的要素。
結，及未發現當中所存在的危機之前所
謀生而做的工作。」
抱持的態度。 「最重要的是人，尤其對一個學院而
他笑言﹕「為了興趣及為了幫助發揮影 言。」陳文敏教授總結稱。
「是的，維港是香港歷史的一部分﹔
響力而出庭，比為了應付大律師事務所
是的，填海工程一直在本港不斷地進 「他／她們應該獲得提供一個良好的學
的開支而出庭更有趣味性。」
行著﹔以及，有著其他諸如此類的說 習環境，而我很高興見到，這兒可以讓
法。」他微笑著回憶。 顯然，教學依然是他的一個選項，而其 他／她們得到這樣的一個環境。」 n

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 •  August 2013

LAW SOCIETY NEWS

律師會新聞
Think Asia Think Hong Kong
Organised by the Hong Kong Trade
Development Council, “Think Asia Think
Hong Kong” was held in New York and
Los Angeles from 10 to 14 June.  The Law
Society was a Supporting Organisation of
this mega event promoting Hong Kong
services to potential US clients intending to
develop their business in Asia, particularly
Mainland China.  Law Society delegates
included Immediate Past President Dieter
「邁向亞洲 首選香港」 (1) 如何在香港成立公司；
Yih, Past Presidents Junius Ho and Huen
由香港貿易發展局主辦的「邁向亞洲 (2) 在中國內地經營業務的美國公司如
Wong, as well as Council Member Mr. Denis
Brock. Mr. Yih and Mr. Ho also joined the 首選香港」計劃，於本年6月10至14 何進行仲裁；
concurrent outbound investment mission for 日在美國紐約和洛杉磯舉行。這項大 (3) 專利及版權；
Guangdong enterprises on the US stops and 型活動旨在向有意在亞洲（特別是中 (4) 外地律師如何在香港取得資格；及
Toronto.    國內地）開展業務的美商推廣香港的 (5) 律師會的功能。
The Law Society set up an on-site 服務，而律師會是活動的支持機構之
consultation booth to field enquiries. Visitors 葉律師和王律師亦同時擔任活動的演講
一。律師會代表團成員包括前任會長
enquired mainly about: 嘉賓，葉律師的講題為「中國對外投資
葉禮德律師、前任會長何君堯律師、
的門戶」，而王律師的講題為「通過香
(1) how to set up a company in Hong Kong; 前任會長王桂壎律師，以及理事會成
港進軍中國內地及亞洲市場—如何避免
(2) arbitration for US companies doing 員白樂德律師。葉律師和何律師亦參
business in Mainland China; 和解決糾紛」。
加了同期舉行的廣東企業對外投資考
(3) patent and copyright; 察團的美國各站和多倫多站。 活動之一的「香港晚宴」由白樂德律師
(4) how does a foreign lawyer become 代表律師會出席，而當晚的主禮嘉賓為
律師會在活動現場設有諮詢攤位回答
qualified in Hong Kong; and 香港特別行政區行政長官梁振英先生。
查詢。訪者的查詢主要關於以下各項：
(5) the function of the Law Society.
Mr. Yih and Mr. Wong also acted as speakers
at the event. Mr. Yih spoke
on “The Gateway for Chinese
Outbound Investment” whilst
Mr. Wong spoke on “Tapping
into the Mainland China
and Asian Markets Through
Hong Kong – Avoiding and
Resolving Disputes”.    
Mr. Brock represented the
Law Society at the main
dinner event where Mr. Leung
Chun Ying, Hong Kong Chief
Executive, was Guest of
Honour.
The Law Society’s delegation provided onsite consultation services to visitors at “Think Asia Think Hong Kong” in New York and Los Angeles.
律師會的代表團在紐約和洛杉磯兩地，均有為參與「邁向亞洲首選香港」的訪客提供現場諮詢服務。

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 August 2013 • LAW SOCIETY NEWS  律 師 會 新 聞

Hong Kong Academy of Law

香港法律專業學會

Mrs. Cecilia Wong, Chairlady of the

Mediator Accreditation Committee
of the Law Society, presented at a
mediation sharing session entitled
“The Roles and Functions of the
Major Government and Quasi- Prof. Wanbil W. Lee (right), President of the Computer Ethics Society, presented a seminar
Statutory Mediation Organisations entitled “Unethical Use of the Computer is Harmful” on 24 June. Mr. William Lam (left),
in Hong Kong” on 20 June. Member of the Technology Committee of the Law Society, introduced the speaker at the
start of the seminar, which drew over 170 participants.
香港律師會調解員評審委員會主席黃
吳潔華律師在6月20日舉行的「香港 香港電腦倫理學會會長李雲彪教授（右）在6月24日舉行的「不道德使用電腦會帶來禍害」的研
主要政府及類似法定調解組織的角色 討會上演講。香港律師會科技委員會成員林偉成律師（左）於研討會開始時介紹講者，而是次研
討會吸引了超過170人參加。
和職能」的調解分享會上演講。

LAWASIA Risk Management

Strategies Conference in Hong
Kong
The Law Association for Asia and the Pacific
(“LAWASIA”) organised a two-day Conference
entitled “LAWASIA Risk Management
Strategies Conference” (the “Conference”) on 5
& 6 July at the Hong Kong Jockey Club’s Happy
Valley Racecourse. The Hong Kong Academy
of Law is a Supporting Organisation of the
Front row (from left):
Conference, which drew over 100 participants. Ms. Regina Chen, Aon, Hong Kong; Mr. Ian Robinson, Robinson’s Legal Training Ltd, Hong Kong; Ms. Jasminder
Kaur, Aon, Malaysia; Ms. Fiona Stewart, Aon, Hong Kong; Secretary for Justice Rimsky Yuen; Mr. Isomi Suzuki,
Secretary for Justice Rimsky Yuen officiated President-elect of LAWASIA; and Mr. Michael Young, Lexon Insurance, Australia
the opening of the Conference, while President Back row (from left):
Ms. Melissa Pang, Council Member of the Law Society and Executive Committee Member of LAWASIA; Mr.
of LAWASIA Malathi Das and Immediate Peter Stockdale, King & Wood Mallesons, Australia; Mr. Nigel Ingrouille, Swiss Re, UK; Mr. Murray Wood, Aon,
Singapore; Mr. Douglas Richmond, Aon, Chicago; Immediate Past President of LAWASIA Lester Huang; Mr.
Past President of the Law Society Dieter Yih Christopher Coyne, Coyne & Associates, Australia; Mr. Michael Meadows, K&L Gates, Australia; Mr. David
delivered the closing remarks. Speakers from Durham, Lexon Insurance, Australia; and Mr. David Smyth, Smyth & Co., Hong Kong

Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, 前排（左起）：

香港怡安保險顧問有限公司陳敏秋女士；香港Robinson’s Legal Training Ltd的Ian Robinson律師；馬來西亞怡安保險
Malaysia, US and the UK shared their Jasminder Kaur女士；香港怡安保險顧問有限公司Fiona Stewart女士；香港特別行政區政府律政司司長袁國強先生；
knowledge and experience on the subject. 亞太法律協會候任主席Isomi Suzuki律師；及澳洲Lexon Insurance的Michael Young先生
後排（左起）：
香港律師會理事會成員及亞太法律協會執行委員會成員彭韻僖律師；澳洲金杜律師事務所Peter Stockdale律師；英
在香港舉行的亞太法律協會風險 國Swiss Re的Nigel Ingrouille先生；新加坡怡安保險Murray Wood先生；美國芝加哥怡安保險Douglas Richmond先
生；亞太法律協會前任主席黃嘉純律師；澳洲Coyne & Associates的Christopher Coyne律師；澳洲高蓋茨律師事務所
管理策略會議 Michael Meadows律師；澳洲Lexon Insurance的David Durham先生；及香港Smyth & Co. 施德偉律師

亞太法律協會於7月5及6日假座香港賽馬會的跑
馬地馬場舉辦了為期兩天的「亞太法律協會風
險管理策略會議」（下稱「會議」）。會議吸
引了超過100人參加，香港法律專業學會是會議
的支持機構之一。

會議由香港特別行政區政府律政司司長袁國強
先生主持開幕，並由亞太法律協會主席Malathi
Das律師及香港律師會前任會長葉禮德律師致閉
幕辭。來自澳洲、香港、日本、新加坡、馬來 Mr. Huen Wong, Past President of the Law Society and Mr. Dieter Yih, Immediate Past President of the Law
Chairman of the Hong Kong International Arbitration Society, delivering the closing remarks
西亞、美國及英國的演講嘉賓就會議題目與大 Centre, presenting at the Conference. 香港律師會前任會長葉禮德律師致閉幕辭
香港律師會前任會長及香港國際仲裁中心主席王桂壎律師
家分享他們的知識和經驗。 於會議上演講

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 •  August 2013

PRC Visitors
內地訪客到訪律師會

Fifteen law students from Shantou University visited the Law Society on 10 July, where they were
introduced to the Law Society’s roles and functions by Vice President Stephen Hung, and Ms. Elsie
Leung, Greater China Legal Affairs Committee Member.
15名汕頭大學法律學院學生在7月10日到訪律師會，副會長熊運信律師及大中華法律事務委員會委員梁愛詩
律師向學生介紹律師會的功能和角色。

A delegation from Foshan led by the People’s Congress of Foshan visited the
Law Society on 10 July, where they were introduced to the latest developments
of Hong Kong’s legal profession by representatives of the Law Society.
7月10日，由佛山巿人大委員會率領的「佛山市依法治巿領導小組辦公室考察團」到
訪香港律師會，了解香港法律服務專業的最新情況。
From left: Mr. Henry Wai; Ms. Hannah Ha; Ms. Ye Xue-qing, Deputy Secretary of the People’s
Congress of Foshan; Mr. Yang Huan-gui, member of the People’s Congress of Foshan; Ms. Elsie
Leung; Mr. Hu Ya-lin, member of the People’s Congress of Foshan; President Ambrose Lam; Vice
President Stephen Hung; Ms. Elaine Ho; Mr. Cai Guang-fa, Official of the Foshan Committee of
CPC; Mr. Su Ji-xiang, Official of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Department of the Foshan
City Government
左起：韋業顯律師、夏卓玲律師、佛山市人大常委會副秘書長葉雪青女士、佛山市人大常委會委員楊
歡貴先生、梁愛詩律師、佛山市人大常委會委員、市委依法治市辦公室常務副主任胡亞林先生、會長
林新強律師、副會長熊運信律師、何綺蓮律師、佛山市依法治市辦公室副主任調研員蔡光發先生、佛
山市港澳事務局科長蘇計想先生

Representatives of the Zhong Shan Lawyers Association visited the Law Society on 12
July, where they were received by representatives including President Ambrose Lam, Vice
President Stephen Hung and Vice President Thomas So.
Both parties discussed initiatives such as promoting Hong Kong legal professional and pro
Thirteen attesting officers from Xinjiang and Hebei visited the Law Society bono services in Zhong Shan, and strengthening co-operation between lawyers of the two
on 12 July, where they were received by Past President Anthony Chow; Mr. cities.
James Wong, Vice Chairman of Greater China Legal Affairs Committee; 中山市律師協會代表於7月
and Ms. Heidi Chu, Secretary General. 12日到訪律師會，會長林新
13名新疆及河北的公證人員於7月12日到訪律師會，前會長周永健律師、大中 強律師、副會長熊運信律師
華法律事務委員會副主席黃江天律師及秘書長朱潔冰律師與訪客交流。 及 副會長 蘇 紹聰律師等 與
訪客交流。
律師 會 和中山市律 協討 論
的 範疇包括 律師會在 推 廣
香港法律服務方面的工作，
公 益 法 律服務以 及 加強兩
地律師合作等。

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 August 2013 • LAW SOCIETY NEWS  律 師 會 新 聞

YPR: Inaugural Reception

More than 80 members and guests
gathered at our Clubhouse on 25 June
to witness the inauguration of the Young
Partners Roundtable (“YPR”).

Newly established under our Practice

Management Committee, the YPR aims
at catering the interests and needs of
members who have been admitted to
partnership or have set up their own
practices for five years or less and
promoting communication between
them through different networking
activities. The YPR will also provide From left: Past President Anthony Chow; Mrs. Cecilia Wong, Council Member; Past President Huen Wong; Mr. Charles
support to members who are keen to Chau, Council Member & Founding Chairman, YPR; YPR Founding Members Mr. Nelson Chung, Mr. Raymond Siu,
(Vice Chairman), Ms. Rita Ku, Mr. Brian Ho, Ms. Heidi Chui, Mr. Malcolm Chin; President Ambrose Lam; and Mr.
practise law as a sole practitioner or as Nicholas Chan, Vice Chairman, Recreation and Sports Committee
a partner. 左起︰律師會前會長周永健律師；理事會成員黃吳潔華律師；律師會前會長王桂壎律師；理事會成員及年青合夥人圓桌會議
創會主席周致聰律師；年青合夥人圓桌會議創會成員鍾浩怡律師；年青合夥人圓桌會議創會成員及副主席蕭鎮邦律師；年青
合夥人圓桌會議創會成員古明慧律師、何百全律師、徐凱怡律師及秦再昌律師；律師會會長林新強律師；及康樂及體育委員
Members also took the chance to
會副主席陳曉峰律師
network with young business executives
and elites from various organisations
President Ambrose Lam: “I’m delighted to see that
and professional bodies. The YPR will Charles, being a young partner himself, has the vision
to convene the Young Partners’ Roundtable, which will
continue to organise a variety of bespoke become a cradle of support for future leaders.”
activities for our young partners. 律師會會長林新強律師致辭：「我很高興看到周致聰律師
不僅成為年青合夥人，更具有創立年青合夥人圓桌會議的
遠見，而年青合夥人圓桌會議定會成為未來領袖的搖籃。」
年青合夥人圓桌會議：
就職酒會
年青合夥人圓桌會議的就職典禮於6月25
日假律師會會所舉行，有超過80名會員
及嘉賓出席一同見證。
新成立的年青合夥人圓桌會議隸屬於執業
管理委員會，專為獲晉升至合夥人或成立
自己律師行不多於五年的會員而設，其目
的是滿足年青合夥人的興趣和需要，並
且透過不同的聯誼活動促進他們之間的溝
通。年青合夥人圓桌會議亦會為有意成為
獨營執業者或合夥人的會員提供支援。
參與是次就職典禮的會員亦趁機與不同機
構和專業團體的年輕企業管理人員和精英
聯誼交流。年青合夥人圓桌會議將繼續舉
辦專為年青合夥人而設的各種活動。

From left: Mr. Charles Chau, Council Member and Founding Chairman of the YPR; Past President
Anthony Chow; and Mr. Selwyn Yu SC, Vice Chairman of the Hong Kong Bar Association
左起︰理事會成員及年青合夥人圓桌會議創會主席周致聰律師、律師會前會長周永健律師及香港大律
師公會副主席余承章大律師

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 •  August 2013

Athletes from Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan gathered at this bi-annual sports event
來自廣東、香港、澳門和台灣的健兒在這個每兩年舉辦一次的體育盛會中聚首一堂

The 5th Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Lawyers
Sports Meet
The 5th Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau
Lawyers Sports Meet (the “Meet”)
was held in Macau from 16 to 18 May.
Over 300 lawyers participated in the
Meet, including for the first time, 15
lawyers from Taiwan, who competed in
all our captains and convenors for their
commitment, kind contribution and
effort in leading their teams. We would
also like to thank Ms. Agnes Cheng
and Mr. Eric Cheung from the Member
Services Department of the Law Society
President Ambrose
of Hong Kong for their hard work and Lam travelled to Macau
dedication in preparing for the Meet and to support the Law Society Sports Teams. With him
is Mr. Jorge Neto Valente, President of the Macau
taking good care of our members. Lawyers Association.
香港律師會會長林新強律師前往澳門支持律師會體育

the badminton, basketball and table The 6th Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau 隊。他身旁是澳門律師公會主席華年達律師。

tennis tournaments. The Hong Kong Lawyers Sports Meet will be held in
delegation comprised 114 lawyers. Hong Kong in 2015. We look forward to
一眾健兒表現非常出色，我們又怎可不
participating with you as host!
The meet comprised 11 sports - 報以熱烈的掌聲呢！我們的龍舟隊、游
badminton, basketball, dragon boat, Ms. Eliza Chang Lai Shan 泳隊、網球隊和排球隊在對決中奪冠，
golf, snooker, soccer, swimming, table Chairperson, Recreation and Sports 而我們其餘的隊伍亦取得第二。
tennis, tennis, ten pin bowling and Committee
每個隊伍皆在比賽中盡顯團結精神、體
volleyball. Months of training rewarded
育精神、決心和組織能力。我們還贏得
the Law Society with an overall second
place, behind champions Guangdong,
第五屆粵港澳律師運動會 友誼，結交了來自澳門、廣東和台灣的
with Macau coming in third. 第五屆粵港澳律師運動會（下稱「運動 新朋友。我們藉此衷心向所有隊長及召
會」）於5月16至18日在澳門舉行。運 集人致意，他們為運動會不遺餘力，在
We need to give a big round of applause
動會吸引了超過300名律師參加，當中 領導隊伍上更是盡心竭力。此外，我們
to all our sportsmen who did extremely
包括15名來自台灣的律師，他們首次參 還要感謝香港律師會會員服務部的鄭燁
well. Our Dragon Boat Team, Swimming
Team, Tennis Team and Volleyball Team 與運動會，分別在羽毛球、籃球和乒乓 凌小姐及張迪桁先生，他們在籌備運動
came in first in their match-ups while 球項目作賽。香港的代表團由114名律 會上付出許多努力，並竭誠照顧各會員
the rest of our teams finished second. 師組成。 的需要。

The unity, sportsmanship, 運動會設有11個運動項目，包括羽毛 第六屆粵港澳律師運動會將於2015年在

determination, team spirit and 球、籃球、龍舟、高爾夫球、桌球、足 香港舉行。我們熱切期待與您一同以東
organisational skills of each sports team 道主的身份參賽！
球、游泳、乒乓球、網球、十瓶保齡球
impressively shone through the event.
及排球。經過多個月的訓練，律師會終
We made new friends from Macau, 鄭麗珊律師
贏得總亞軍，僅次於冠軍的廣東，而澳
Guangdong and Taiwan. We would like 康樂及體育委員會主席
to send our heartfelt appreciation to 門則屈居季軍。

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 August 2013 • LAW SOCIETY NEWS  律 師 會 新 聞

The Badminton Team won Silver The Basketball Team won Silver The Dragon Boat Team won Gold
羽毛球隊榮獲銀獎 籃球隊榮獲銀獎 龍舟隊榮獲金獎

The Soccer Team won Silver From left: Past President Huen Wong; Mr. Dennis The Snooker Team won Silver
足球隊榮獲銀獎 Chan; and Mr. Roden Tong, Convenor, Golf Team 桌球隊榮獲銀獎
左起︰律師會前會長黃桂壎律師、陳國剛律師及高爾
夫球隊召集人湯文龍律師

The Swimming Team won Gold The Table Tennis Team won Silver The Tennis Team won Gold
游泳隊榮獲金獎 乒乓球隊榮獲銀獎 網球隊榮獲金獎

Mr. Fred Kan, Ms. Eliza Chang, and Mr. Nicholas Chan led the Law
Society Sports Teams as they marched into the Macao Federation of
The Volleyball Team won Gold The Ten-pin Bowling Team won Silver Trade Unions Workers Stadium during the Opening Ceremony.
排球隊榮獲金獎 保齡球隊榮獲銀獎 在開幕禮上，高爾夫球隊隊長簡家驄律師、康樂及體育委員會主席鄭麗
珊律師及康樂及體育委員會副主席陳曉峰律師率領律師會體育隊步入澳
門工會聯合總會工人體育場。

Results of the 5th Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Lawyers Sports Meet 第五屆粵港澳律師運動會賽果

Gold 金獎 Silver 銀獎 Bronze 銅獎
Badminton 羽毛球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Basketball 籃球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Dragon Boat 龍舟 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門 Guangdong 廣東
Golf 高爾夫球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Snooker 桌球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Soccer 足球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Swimming 游泳 Hong Kong 香港 Guangdong 廣東 Macau 澳門
TableTennis 乒乓球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Tennis 網球 Hong Kong 香港 Guangdong 廣東 Macau 澳門
Tenpin Bowling 保齡球 Guangdong 廣東 Hong Kong 香港 Macau 澳門
Volleyball 排球 Hong Kong 香港 Guangdong 廣東 Macau 澳門

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 •  August 2013

IHLC: Sweat & Glory 2013年企業律師

Series 2013 – “Gathering 的苦與樂系列–
Momentum – The Media 「蓄勢待發–
and Entertainment 媒體及娛樂行業」
Industry”
企業律師委員會在6月21日
On 21 June, over 60 members
comprising mostly in-house members 假測量師研習中心舉辦上述
from a variety of backgrounds 專題討論，吸引了超過60名
The IHLC was delighted to have as speakers Mr. Edwin Yee (left), Senior
attended the above-mentioned panel 會員出席，大部分為來自不 Vice-President & Regional Counsel – Legal & Business Affairs, Sony Music
discussion organised by the In-House Entertainment Asia Inc. and Mr. William Thomson (right), Tax Counsel, Time
同背景的企業律師。 Warner Hong Kong. Ms. Anne Salt (middle), IHLC Committee member,
Lawyers Committee (“IHLC”) at the moderated proceedings.
Surveyors Learning Center. 企業律師委員會很高興邀請到Sony Music Entertainment Asia Inc.亞洲區商務
及法律部高級副總裁及區域法律總監余柱榮律師（左）及時代華納亞太區執行稅
務總監匡蔚翔律師（右）擔任演講嘉賓。企業律師委員會成員Anne Salt律師（中）
主持是次專題討論

YSG: Joint Professional 年青律師組：假香港Boujis

Drinks at Boujis Hong Kong 舉行專業團體酒會
From left: Mr. Rex Ying and Mr. Kenny Chan, members of
More than 120 members from the youth
年青律師組聯同另外四個專業團體（即 the Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors; Mr. Timothy Chan,
wings of the Law Society and four other a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Hong Kong
英國特許仲裁員學會東亞分會、英國屋 Association; Ms. Priscilla Wong, YSG Committee member;
professional bodies, namely, Chartered and Ms. Lizzy To, a member of the Hong Kong Institute of
Institute of Arbitrators, East Asia 宇裝備工程師學會香港分會、香港測量 Surveyors
左起：同為香港測量師學會會員的應鐘秀先生及陳志雄先生；
Branch; Chartered Institution of Building 師學會及土木工程師學會香港分會） 土木工程師學會香港分會會員陳浩文先生；年青律師組成員
Services Engineers, Hong Kong Branch; 各自的年青小組，於6月28日晚上假位 黃婷婷律師；及香港測量師學會會員杜嘉儀小姐

Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors; and 於中環的Boujis舉行聚會，吸引了超過

Institution of Civil Engineers, Hong 120名各年青小組的會員參加，一同度
Kong Association, met up on 28 June 過一個愉快且難忘的週五晚上。
for an unforgettable Friday evening
at glamourous Boujis, in Central. The Boujis是一所位於倫敦的著名俱樂部，
venue is the Hong Kong offshoot of a 長期以來受各界名人熱捧。我們希望
well-known London night spot for the 各位踴躍參與即將舉行的專業團體聯
hip and influential. 誼活動！
We look forward to seeing you all at
more joint professional networking 黃婷婷律師
events organised by the Young Solicitors’ 年青律師組委員會成員
Ms. Serina Chan (middle), Ms. Priscilla Wong (second from
Group (“YSG”). right) and Ms. Stephanie Lau (far right), YSG Committee
members, with two other young lawyers
年青律師組委員會成員陳潔心律師（中）、黃婷婷律師（右
Ms. Priscilla Wong 二）及劉穎言律師（右一）與另外兩位年青律師合照
Committee Member, YSG

30  www.hk-lawyer.org
 •  August 2013

COMPENSATION FOR
MISCARRIAGE
OF JUSTICE

原判錯誤的補償
By Johannes MM Chan SC, Dean Faculty of Law, The University of Hong Kong
作者 陳文敏資深大律師 香港大學法律學院院長

The author argues for a replacement of the existing administrative scheme for compensation
for miscarriage of justice by a legislative scheme which is transparent and fair, as an
aggrieved person who has lost his liberty as a result of a wrongful conviction would unlikely
have confidence on the fairness of the existing administrative scheme that is run internally
by the Government. He further argues that the appellate court should be given an express
power to make recommendation for compensation for miscarriage of justice or to refer an
application for compensation to an independent body in appropriate cases.

32  www.hk-lawyer.org

REUTERS/Darrin Zammit Lupi
N
o matter how best one tries,
miscarriage of justice happens
in every legal system. Sometimes it
is a result of human inadequacies;
sometimes it is a result of systemic
failures. It could result from serious
default by the law enforcement agencies
or other public authorities, or from an
over-zealous attitude of the members of
the judiciary to do justice.
It may also be brought about by the
conduct of the defendant himself. It must
be equally obvious that not every case
where the prosecution fails to prove its
case will result in a miscarriage of justice.
There is strong societal interest to ensure
that decisions to prosecute should be
made independently on the merits and
in accordance with established policies
without fear of any consequence of
unsuccessful prosecution. On the other
hand, when serious miscarriage of justice
occurs, mere vindication of the conviction
may not be sufficient, and there should
be a proper mechanism for the victim to
claim compensation.
No statutory regime
Article 11(5) of the Bill of Rights provides
that if a conviction has been reversed
or if the defendant had been pardoned
on the ground that a new or newly
discovered fact shows conclusively that
there has been a miscarriage of justice,
the person who has suffered punishment
as a result of such conviction shall be
compensated according to law, unless it
is proved that the non-disclosure of the
unknown fact in time is wholly or partly
attributable to the defendant.
This article has a narrow scope of
application as it applies only to
miscarriage of justice arising from
non-disclosure of fact or discovery
of new fact, which is but one of the
circumstances where miscarriage of
justice may occur. On the other hand,
it provides that compensation is to be
made available whenever a defendant
suffers punishment as a result of
wrongful conviction. It is not confined
to situations where the defendant has
spent time in custody.
Unfortunately, apart from this general
provision, there is no statutory
scheme for claiming compensation
for miscarriage of justice. There is
an administrative scheme run by the
Government, and the details are set
out in the document Compensation
for Persons Wrongfully Imprisoned,
Information for Claimants (http://
www.doj.gov.hk/eng/archive/pdf/
ann20040624e.pdf).
The administrative guidelines set out
three main situations under which
compensation is payable for miscarriage
of justice. The first is when a person
August 2013 • ADMINISTRATIVE 行 政 法
who was sentenced to custodial
imprisonment received a free pardon
because his innocence has been
established or his conviction has been
quashed following a reference to the
Court of Appeal by the Hong Kong Chief
Executive or an appeal out of time. This
would apply to a very narrow range of
cases (for example, where key witnesses
were found to have committed perjury
long after the conviction, and where
newly found evidence has conclusively
established the innocence of the
convicted person).
The second situation is that the
Government would be prepared to make
ex gratia payment, in certain exceptional
cases, where the claimant has spent
time in custody following a wrongful
conviction or charge resulting from
serious default by the police or other
public authority, or resulting from a
wrongful act of a judge or a magistrate,
but in the latter case involving the
judiciary, compensation would only be
made on the recommendation of the
judiciary.
Thirdly, there is a residual category of
cases that are “outstandingly deserving”,
even where the loss was not caused by
a wrongful act or omission by a public
authority.
Despite its nature as an administrative
scheme, the English court has held, in
relation to a similar scheme in the UK,
that it was for the court, and not the
Minister, to decide what the ex gratia
scheme meant on the basis of what a
reasonable and literate person would
understand the circumstances to be in
which he could be paid compensation
under it.
It was held that no reasonable person
would draw a distinction between a
person who faces a charge in domestic
criminal court or one who faces a charge
in extradition proceedings. Nor would
any reasonable distinction be made
between detention resulting from
wrongful allegations and detention
resulting from formally laid charges.
www.hk-lawyer.org   33
 •  August 2013
Accordingly, ex gratia compensation
was payable in the case of wrongful
detention arising from an allegation of
terrorism that led to the loss of liberty
even when that allegation was not the
subject of the formal charge, which
was a relatively minor holding charge,
as set out in R (on the application of
Raissi) v Secretary of State for the Home
Department [2008] QB 836.
In R (Mullen) v Secretary of State for the
Home Department [2003] 2 WLR 835,
the English Court of Appeal held that
“miscarriage of justice” was wide enough
to cover the situation where a conviction
was quashed as an abuse of process
notwithstanding that the defendant had
not been proved to be innocent.
The claim has to be made to the
Department of Justice (the “DOJ”), which
has delegated authority to approve
payment in appropriate circumstances.
There is no prescribed form or procedure.
The assessment for compensation
could be made internally by the DOJ
or with the assistance of independent
assessment outside the DOJ. The
decision of the DOJ is final, and it is not
the Government’s normal practice to
publish details of individual awards.
It is unfortunate that this compensation
scheme is not widely publicised, and
there is a singularly lack of transparency
of the process. For example, there is
no reason not to publish details of the
awards, given the public interest involved
whenever there is a miscarriage of justice
that warrants compensation. Nor is
there any information about the number
of claims each year, the nature of claims,
the length of time to process these
claims and their outcome. There is no
time limit to process the claim, and the
claimant is normally not kept informed
of the progress.
According to an information paper
before the Legislative Council Panel
of Administration of Justice and
Legal Services in 2003 (Payment of
compensation to persons wrongfully
34  www.hk-lawyer.org
imprisoned, June 2003), between 1987
and 2003, there were only five cases,
two of which were settled out of court
and three of which involved ex gratia
compensation.
The total amount involved was about
HK$10 million, of which HK$9 million
was paid out in an out-of-court
settlement in or about 1992 to 110
claimants who were refugee claimants
wrongfully detained in Hong Kong when
they had no intention to stay here (Pham
Van Ngo and 110 others v Attorney General
[1993] HKLY 468).
It is reassuring to know that there are
only five alleged cases of miscarriage of
justice that warrants compensation in
a period of 16 years, though one cannot
help being sceptical if this is anywhere
near the real picture.
No clear procedure
When the miscarriage of justice involves
wrongful conduct of the judiciary, it is
necessary to have a recommendation
from the judiciary before any
compensation could be awarded. This
is no doubt for good reason to avoid
interference with the independence
of the judiciary. In other cases where
recommendation of the judiciary is not
mandatory, such recommendation will
no doubt strengthen the hands of the
claimant in claiming compensation.
Unfortunately, there is no clear
procedure for the judge to make
recommendation for compensation.
In HKSAR v Chan Shu-hung [2012] 2
HKLRD 437, the defendant was charged
with a minor offence of criminal damage.
He was alleged to have criminally
damaged the barbed wire belonging to
the incorporated owners of the building
that he lived, the barbed wire being put
up in order to prevent him from climbing
up the water tank to fly kites.
He appeared in person and insisted on
defending the charge. The magistrate
was apparently furious that the
defendant did not see sense to agree
to be bound over, and was no doubt
considering that the defendant was
wasting everyone’s time in defending
such a minor matter.
There was extensive intervention in his
cross-examination from the bench. Not
being the most eloquent of persons, the
defendant had prepared a document
setting out his defence. Despite his
repeated requests, the magistrate
refused to look at the document. After
the prosecution closed their case, the
magistrate adjourned the hearing and,
without any warning or affording him
any reasonable opportunity of making
representation, revoked his bail and
remanded him in custody at the Siu
Lam Psychiatric Centre for 14 days for
the purpose of calling for psychiatric
reports. The defendant was found to be
mentally normal. He was subsequently
convicted and fined HK$1,500 and was
ordered to pay compensation in the sum
of HK$450.
On appeal, the learned judge was
shocked at how the defendant was
being treated. Having listened to the
audio recording of the hearing and read
the transcript, she could not find any
reasonable basis for the magistrate to
come to the view that the defendant
“spoke in an incoherent and confused
manner”, save that he insisted on
defending the charge, which is his
constitutional right.
Nor was there any information to
suggest that the defendant would pose
any threat of any danger to himself or
any other person. There was no realistic
prospect that the defendant would be
given a custodial sentence if he were to
be convicted, and yet he was remanded
in custody without considering if custody
was necessary, without considering any
less drastic alternative, and without
affording him any realistic opportunity to
resist the custody.
The conviction was set aside. However,
when the defendant claimed for
compensation for wrongful conviction,

the learned judge held that whether
the Government would grant ex
gratia compensation to the defendant
was entirely within the scope of
the Government’s administrative
arrangement, and whether the judiciary
would make a recommendation in his
favour to the Government about ex gratia
payment had nothing to do with the
appeal.
Hence, it was held that an appeal
hearing was not the
appropriate occasion
or channel for an
appellant to make
an application for
such compensation.
Ironically there was
no other procedure
for him to request
a recommendation
from the judiciary.
The defendant then
made a claim with
the DOJ, and nine
months after the
judgment, his claim
for compensation is
still being considered.
Matter for the
judiciary
With great respect,
it is unfortunate that
the learned judge found that the appeal
was not the appropriate venue to deal
with an application for compensation for
miscarriage of justice.
Administration of justice is a matter
for the judiciary and compensation for
miscarriage of justice must be very much
part of that administration of justice.
The appellate judge was apprised of
the relevant facts and the reasons for
setting aside the conviction. Who else
would be in a better position than
the appellate judge to recommend
compensation for miscarriage of justice
in these circumstances, at least when
the wrongful act is attributed to the
judiciary?
If the miscarriage of justice is a result
of default on the part of the law
enforcement agencies or other public
authorities, the appellate judge, if not
to deal with the matter himself because
some material evidence is not before
the court, should be in a good position
to refer to another body to carry out
an independent inquiry with a view to
determining whether compensation
should be paid.
Indeed, dealing with an application for
a recommendation for compensation
in open court, as opposed to having a
claim to be determined behind closed
doors of the government bureaucracy,
will give the process a better sense
of transparency and fairness, and
will reinforce public confidence in the
process of administration of justice.
The hesitation of the learned judge
is understood as there is no clear
procedure to allow her to deal with the
issue of compensation.
Arguably there is an inherent power
to make recommendation of this kind.
To put the matter beyond doubt, it is
suggested that there should be express
August 2013 • ADMINISTRATIVE 行 政 法
statutory power in the rules of the court
to ensure that such recommendation
will form part of the appeal process
and lies within the discretion of the
judiciary (at least when the wrongful
act is attributable to the judiciary).
There should also be an express power
for a judge to refer an application
for compensation for miscarriage of
justice to an independent body for
consideration and determination.
Conclusion
At present, the ex
gratia compensation
scheme is
administrative in
nature. The criteria for
compensation and the
level of compensation
are left entirely in
the discretion of the
Government. In other
jurisdictions a similar
scheme has received
legislative backing -
for example, the Irish
Criminal Procedure Act
1993, Section 9; and
the UK Criminal Justice
Act 1988, Section 133.
Those who have
suffered and lost their
liberty arising from a wrongful conviction
are unlikely to have strong confidence in
the Government or the administration of
justice system. It would not give him any
confidence if his claim for compensation
for miscarriage of justice is to be
determined in an obscure process that is
controlled entirely by the Government.
The public would also be entitled to
know how miscarriage of justice is
vindicated.
To provide better protection to the
claimant and to foster public confidence
in the administration of justice system,
it is desirable to introduce a legislative
scheme to ensure that such claims are,
and are seen to be, handled in a fair,
impartial and transparent manner. n
www.hk-lawyer.org   35
 •  August 2013

筆者認為為原判錯誤補償而設的現有行政機制，應以透明
且公平的立法機制取代，因為現有的行政機制由政府內部
執行，倘受屈人士因被錯誤定罪而失去自由，他/她不大
可能會對此機制的公平性抱有信心。他進一步指出，審理
上訴的法院應獲賦予明確的權力，以在適當情況下就原判
錯誤的補償作出建議或將補償申請轉介至獨立機構。

不
管我們多努力，每個法律制度下 eng/archive/pdf/ann20040624e.pdf)。
仍會出現原判錯誤的情況。有時
相關的行政指引列出三種須為原判錯誤支
是由於人為，有時則是由於體系出問題。
付補償的主要情況。第一種情況是，某人
導致原判錯誤的原因可能是執法機構或其
被判處扣押刑罰，後因證實無罪而獲赦，
他公共機構嚴重失職，或者司法機構的成
或因行政長官把案件轉交上訴法庭審理或
員對彰顯公義所持有的態度過度熱衷。
逾期上訴而獲撤銷原判。這僅適用於少類 失去自由的錯誤拘留案件支付特惠補償
此外，被告人本身的行為也可導致原判錯 型案件（例如，把被告人定罪後很久才發 金，即使該指控並非正式指控所針對的標
誤。同屬顯而易見的是，並不是每宗控方 現關鍵證人作假證供，以及因發現新證據 的指控，而是屬相對較小的臨時控罪。
未能證明控罪的案件均會導致原判錯誤。 而確實證明被定罪的人屬無罪）。
在R (Mullen) v Secretary of State for
確保控方能夠在不必擔心起訴不成功帶來
第二種情況是，政府可在若干特殊情況 the Home Department [2003] 2 WLR
的後果下，根據案情的是非曲直及既定的
下，向因警方或其他公共機構的嚴重失 835一案，英國上訴法院裁定「原判錯
政策，獨立地作出檢控決定，對社會利益
職，或因法官或裁判官的錯誤作為，而被 誤」一詞涵義很廣，足以適用於需未能證
而言乃非常有利。另一方面，當出現嚴重
錯誤定罪或起訴和隨後被拘押一段時間的 明被告人無罪但因有濫用司法程序的情況
的原判錯誤，僅僅證明受害人無罪或許並
申索人支付特惠補償金，但在後者涉及司 而推翻原判的個案。
不足夠，我們應該有一個適當的機制讓受
法機構的情況下，該等案件的補償須按司
害人申索補償。 在香港，有關申索須向律政司提出，律政
法機構的建議而作出。
司已獲授權在適當的情況下批准付款。申
沒有法定制度 第三種情況是為「特別值得補償」案件而 索並沒有訂明的形式或程序。補償評估可
根據《香港人權法案》第11(5)條，如果 設的餘下類別，即使有關損失並非由公共 由律政司內部進行或輔以律政司以外的
因提出新證據或發現新證據，確實證明原 機構的錯誤作為或不作為所引致，亦可作 人士作出獨立評估。律政司會作出最終決
判錯誤而經撤銷原判或被告人獲免刑，除 出補償。 定，而且根據通常的做法，政府不會公布
經證明有關證據之未能及時披露，應由被 儘管性質屬行政機制，但英國法院已就該 個別賠償的詳情。
告人其本人全部或局部負責者外，因此判 國的類似機制裁定，何謂特惠補償機制應 可惜這個賠償機制並沒有得到廣泛宣傳，
決而服刑之人應依法受損害賠償。 該由法院而不是執行者去決定，並且作出 並且當中過程格外缺乏透明度。例如，
本條法案的適用範圍狹窄，因為它僅適用 決定時應以一個合理且能讀寫的人理解在 每當有原判錯誤出現並有足夠理由作出補
於因沒有披露證據或發現新證據而導致的 其身處情況下他/她可根據有關機制獲支 償，即涉及到公眾利益，故此並無理由不
原判錯誤，但此乃原判錯誤可能出現的其 付補償為基礎。 公布賠償的詳情。當局亦沒有公布任何關
中一個原因而已。另一方面，本條法案規 法庭裁定，合理的人並不會把面臨國內刑 於每年的申索數目、申索的性質、處理這
定，凡因錯誤定罪而服刑之被告人皆應獲 事法院起訴的人及面臨引渡訴訟起訴的人 些申索的所需時間和申索結果等資料。處
得補償。條文並不局限於被告人被扣押了 作出區分，而且要在因錯誤指控而作出的 理申索亦不設時限，而且申請人通常不獲
一段時間的情況。 拘留及因正式落案而作出的拘留之間加以 告知申索的進展。

不過，除這項一般規定外，香港並沒有為 區分，亦不合理。 根據一份在2003年提交立法會司法及法

原判錯誤的索償設立任何法定機制。我們 因此，在R (on the application of Raissi) 律事務委員會的資料文件（《向被錯誤監
有一個由政府執行的行政機制，詳情載於 v Secretary of State for the Home 禁的受害人給予賠償》，2003年6月）
《向被錯誤監禁的受害人給予補償申索人 Department [2008] QB 836一案中，法 顯示，在1987年至2003年期間僅有五宗
須知》一文中(http://www.doj.gov.hk/ 院裁定當局須就因恐怖主義的指控而導致 申請，其中兩宗庭外和解，另外三宗涉及

36  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • ADMINISTRATIVE 行 政 法

保守行為一事相當憤怒，認為被告人為此 的一環。審理上訴的法官知悉相關事實和
等小事作抗辯無疑是浪費大家的時間。 撤銷定罪的理據。在此情況下（至少當有
關錯誤作為乃歸因於司法機關時），還有
裁判官在被告人進行盤問時作出過份干
誰比審理上訴的法官更適合為原判錯誤的
預。由於被告人不擅詞令，他於是預備了
補償提出建議？
一份列出辯方案情的文件。儘管他多次要
求裁判官看看該文件，但都被裁判官拒 倘若原判錯誤是因執法機構或其他公共
絕。在控方舉證完畢後，裁判官將聆訊押 機構的錯失而起，而假如法庭又因未有
後，並在沒有任何預警或給予上訴人任何 獲得某些關鍵證據而未能處理此事，則
合理機會作出申述下撤銷其保釋，並將上 審理上訴的法官將案件轉介至另一機構
訴人還柙小欖精神中心14天索取精神報 展開獨立調查以便決定應否支付補償，
告。報告裁斷被告人精神健全。他其後被 實在最為合適。
裁定罪名成立，被判罰款1,500港元及賠 事實上，相對於在政府的官僚體制下閉門
REUTERS/Adam Hunger
償共450港元。 造車，在公開法庭處理補償建議的申請既
在審理上訴時，法官對被告人遭受的對待 可以令過程更透明和公平，亦可加強公眾
支付特惠補償金。
感到震驚。她在聆聽審訊的錄音及閱讀謄 對司法過程的信心。該法官對此躊躇不決
該等申請涉及的總額約1000萬港元，當 本後，不認為裁判官認為被告人「語無倫 是可以理解的，因為現時並沒有明確的程
局大約在1992年以庭外和解方式向110 次」具有任何合理的基礎，而被告人堅持 序允許她處理補償的問題。
名申請人支付其中900萬港元，該案的申 就控罪作抗辯，是他的憲法權利。 按理說，法庭應具有固有的權力作出這類
請人為難民，雖然他們無意留在香港，
案中亦無任何資料證據顯示被告人會對其 建議。為免除疑慮，建議在法院的規則中
卻被錯誤扣留在此地（Pham Van Ngo
本人或任何其他人構成危險。即使被告人 設立明確的法定權力，確保（至少當有關
and 110 others v Attorney General
被判罪成，他並沒有實際機會會被判處監 錯誤作為乃歸因於司法機關時）該補償建
[1993] HKLY 468）。
禁，但裁判官卻在沒有考慮到是否有需要 議能夠成為上訴過程中的一部分，並讓司
值得欣慰的是，在16年來只有五宗案件 將被告人還柙、有否其他較溫和的選擇， 法機構酌情決定是否作出該補償建議。而
被指涉及原判錯誤並有足夠理由作出補 並且沒有給予他任何實在的機會作出反對 且，法官應當具有明確的權力將原判錯誤
償，然而，這不禁令人懷疑究竟這些數字 的情況下，將他還押。 的補償申請轉介至一個獨立的機構予以考
能否反映出實際的狀況。 慮及裁定。
被告人最終獲撤銷定罪。然而，就被告人

程序不清晰 為錯誤定罪的索償申請，審理上訴的法官
總結
裁定，政府會否給予上訴人特惠賠償純屬
倘原判錯誤涉及司法機構的錯誤作為，則 目前，特惠補償機制屬行政性質。補償的
政府的行政安排範疇，而且他會否獲司法
在給予任何賠償之前，必須取得司法機構 準則和水平全由政府酌情決定。類似的機
機構向政府作出有關特惠賠償的建議，完
的建議。毫無疑問，這是因為我們必須避 制在其他司法管轄區均有法例依據，例如
全與上訴無關。
免司法機構的獨立性受到干預。在其他情 愛爾蘭的《1993年刑事訟訴法令》第9
況下，即使司法機構的建議並非必要，該 因此，法庭裁定上訴聆訊並非一個恰當的 條及英國的《1988年刑事審判法令》第
建議無疑亦有助申請人追討補償。 場合或渠道讓一名上訴人作出有關補償申 133條。
請。諷刺的是，香港並沒有其他程序可以
可是，目前還沒有任何清晰的程序讓法 因錯誤定罪而受屈及失去自由的人，不大
讓他向司法機構申請取得建議。被告人其
官就補償作出建議。在HKSAR v Chan 可能對政府或司法制度抱有信心。如果就
後向律政司提出申索，但在判決頒下九個
Shu-hung [2012] 2 HKLRD 437一案， 原判錯誤提出的補償申索過程晦澀，且結
月後，他的申索仍在考慮當中。
被告人被控以一項屬輕微罪行的刑事損 果由政府全權決定，實在難以給予他任何
壞罪。被告人在某幢大廈居住，他被指刑 信心。再者，公眾亦有權知道原判錯誤如
司法機構須處理的事宜
事損壞屬於該大廈業主立案法團的單棘鐵 何得以平反。
儘管筆者對該法院極為尊重，但對於審理
線，而法團裝上單棘鐵線是為了阻止被告
上訴的法官裁定上訴並非一個恰當的場地 為了為申請人提供更佳的保障及加強公眾
人爬上水箱放風箏。
去處理原判錯誤補償的申請，感到遺憾。 對司法制度的信心，宜設立立法機制，確
被告人無律師代表，並堅持就控罪作抗 保無論實際上或在有目共睹下，此等申索
秉持公正乃司法機構須處理的事宜，而原
辯。裁判官顯然對被告人未能明白同意簽 均以公平、公正和透明的方式處理。 n
判錯誤的補償必定是秉持公正中非常重要

www.hk-lawyer.org   37
 •  August 2013

IT’S NOT ALL FLUFFY:

Benefits and Risks of Cloud
Computing
簡便的背後：
雲端運算的好處與風險
By Zoe Chan So Yuen, Solicitor and Part-time Lecturer
IT Security Law and Risk Management, HKU School of Professional and Continuing Education
作者 陳蘇完律師及兼職講師
香港大學專業進修學院資訊科技保安法律及風險管理科目

Cloud computing is increasingly popular for the convenience that it provides. This
refers to end users using “cloud-based” applications through web browsers and mobile
applications, or Apps, and many now store business software and user data on servers
in remote locations. Cloud computing provides easy, scalable access to IT resources and
services – it’s also much cheaper than building your own IT infrastructure. But before you
sign up to the “cloud service”, the author believes there are risks that you should know.
REUTERS/Jorge Silva
38  www.hk-lawyer.org

A 2012 report by IT advisory Gartner
shows that 20% of businesses in
the US own no IT assets and instead
conduct business solely in the “cloud”.
Clearly, cloud computing allows for
convenient, on-demand access to
IT resources. Networks, servers, and
storage and application services can
be rapidly provisioned with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction.
The Global Cloud Survey Report for
Legal IT Professionals 2012 sets out also
that the legal sector recognises cloud
computing as an important tool that
facilitates business agility and allows
one to work more efficiently, especially
when on the move. More than half of
the respondents predict that this trend
will prevail in five years’ time as lawyers
become increasingly technologically-
savvy.
Cloud computing can be private or
public. The liberalisation of the UK IT
market has led to the outsourcing of
most law firms’ telephony, email and
document assembly services into public
clouds. Here, a service provider sells
services to anyone on the internet - for
example Amazon Web Services is the
largest public cloud provider in terms
of market share - as a form of “green
computing” service that provides huge
storage coverage that far exceeds
that of local servers used by law firms.
Meanwhile, a private cloud is typically a
proprietary network or a data centre set
up by a single, large-scale organization
to supply hosted services to a limited
number of people.
There are also various permutations
of “hybrid” clouds where the cloud
infrastructure is a composition of two
or more clouds (private, community,
or public). When a service provider
uses public cloud resources to create
a private cloud, the result is called a
“virtual private cloud”.
Cloud computing is also gaining
popularity among many universities,
August 2013 •
government organisations and
private companies. For instance,
in 2011, the US-based web services
firm FEMhub launched what is now
the popular NCLab, a free Software
as a Service (SaaS) application for
science, technology, engineering and
mathematics (STEM) technologies.
FEMhub-distribution users comprise
researchers, students and academic
staffs in major universities and
corporations. As at July 2012, NCLab
has more than 10,000 users and its
membership has increased substantially.
Cloud computing can indeed
significantly reduce companies’
IT costs. More importantly it is an
environmentally-friendly product as it
reduces the need to store case bundles
and voluminous documentation at law
firms. However, despite the obvious
advantages of these services, legal
professionals need to seriously assess
the concerns outlined below before
opting to “join the cloud”.
Risks
Cybercrime
Computer-related crime, especially
cybercrime, continues to increase around
the globe. The 2012 Norton Cybercrime
Report estimates that the global cost
associated with cybercrime is in excess
of US$388 billion (HK$3 trillion), and
that 70% of all adults in the world will
experience cybercrime in their lifetime.
A tenth of social network users have
fallen victims to scams or fake links on
social network platforms. Most victims
of cybercrime are in Russia, Mainland
China and South America. Digitisation,
data sharing, and the increase in
the availability and access to digital
technologies have all provided new
opportunities for criminal activity and
increasing risks for businesses and
individuals.
Cloud computing poses additional
challenges for law enforcement
agencies. When client information is
involved, professional responsibilities,
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 信 息 技 術
various regulations and terms in client
agreements come home to roost.
Business users should be mindful of
information security when using cloud
computing. Legal professionals not only
have to consider the widening scope
and scale of computer-related crime,
but they must also combat the growing
threat of anti-digital forensics.
Many new tools and techniques have
been developed to undermine or
frustrate digital forensics investigations
and the law enforcement process. Those
anti-forensic tools and software can be
freely downloaded and pose a real threat
for your information security concerns.
Hacking tools and spyware are easily
available online and increase risks of
intrusion.
Jurisdictional issues
Once in a cloud, computer data can
be stored anywhere in the world. This
scenario may pose problems if the
data is stored in jurisdictions with poor
regulatory frameworks. Generally
speaking, there is no single local or
international law which governs cloud
computing.
Businesses should consider the location
of the cloud service provider since
there are complex jurisdictional issues
involved in hosting cloud services.
Many countries have legal systems
that combine different legal principles
such as English Law, Roman Dutch
law and customary laws. All these laws
were promulgated with mainly “offline”
transactions in mind. Therefore many of
them remain untested in terms of novel
situations which have arisen as a result
of the development of information and
communication technologies.
The only international treaty on
cybercrime is the Convention on
Cybercrime that was issued by the
Council of Europe in 2001. The
Convention on Cybercrime is applicable
to EU member countries as well as to
four non-European signatory countries,
namely the US, South Africa, Japan and
Canada.
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 •  August 2013
Electronic data physically hosted in the
EU is controlled under EU regulations.
These regulations can be extended
beyond EU territory through “safe
harbour” arrangements and tailor-
made service agreements.
Under such structures, users of cloud
computing are required to comply with
local EU Directives and Law before
transferring data abroad. Further,
data may be subjected to “local”
regulations for recipient of the data
extracted from the clouds. Examples
include the US Patriot Act, which
was established to protect the US
from acts of terrorism following the
“911” attacks in 2001. In essence, this
allows the US government to obtain
any information stored on US territory
(including those in “safe harbours”) or
any other jurisdiction managed by a
US-headquartered organisation.
Similar concerns as
traditional storage networks
Data or information security is the
number one concern why many
businesses continue to avoid the cloud
and anecdotally and statistically, the
cloud is not any greater of a threat
than any enterprise network.
The current form and scope of data
privacy protection is inadequate
to deal with a number of privacy
intrusions online such as public
disclosure of private facts by e-users,
surveillance and intrusion. The
interception of communication plainly
requires its own established regulatory
controls.
Data privacy has been left to the mercy
of competing data privacy rights and
freedom of e-intruders around the
globe. Indeed, Hong Kong’s data
privacy rights might be at further risk
when personal information is stored
in the cloud, because as mentioned
earlier, this storage may be kept on a
server owned by the service provider
outside of Hong Kong.
40  www.hk-lawyer.org
Concerns over
e-discovery
Businesses and legal
professionals should
also consider the need to
preserve evidence stored
in the cloud and weigh
e-discovery issues and
cost in their due diligence,
contract negotiation, back-up
and archival routines, and
performance monitoring in
case of possible litigation.
After all, the legal process
to gain access to data held
in a public cloud computing
REUTERS/Yuriko Nakao
system (especially in a
different jurisdiction) can be
can be mitigated via contractual
complex.
agreements with the service provider.
Moreover, there may be technical Such agreements should be explicit, for
difficulties in accessing this data. Unless example, in terms of access to data and
the cloud computing applications provide metadata that may be required to prove
an audit trail, it may be difficult to chain of custody and ownership of data.
extract digital evidence in an admissible
form. Digital evidence is more ethereal For example, US corporations can use
and dynamic in a cloud environment. If the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
an application is accessed via a cloud as a good starting point for guidance.
Although contractual terms may not offer
computing system, for example, data
protection from all repercussions in the
traditionally written to the operating
event of a breach (for example moving
system (for example registry entries or
European customer data through an
temporary internet files) will reside or be
unapproved cloud), a party may at least
stored within the virtual environment and
be protected contractually from certain
so may be lost when the user exits.
types of economic loss. Under such
It may also be difficult to establish a premises, the European Commission
chain of custody for the data and identify has announced that it intends to create
the sources of potential digital evidence standard cloud computing contract terms
particularly if the data is stored and by 2013 with very specific guidelines and
managed outside one’s local jurisdiction. requirements.
This can cause delays in retrieving data
as evidence in investigations/litigations. For risk mitigation, the cloud computing
Certain data may be encrypted and, service provider should provide
where the cloud hosts many tenants, assurances through a “terms of service”
there may be “synchronisation” problems or “privacy” policy that all data stored
since it is hard to segregate the relevant with the provider will be kept confidential
data in the logs. A forensic investigation and not used for any purposes other than
should not impact upon other cloud serving the end user. The service provider
service users who are not the target of the should guarantee that, inter alia:
investigation. - it prioritises the users’ concerns by
storing less sensitive non-confidential
Mitigate risks – put it in writing data for back-up administrative work
Many of the risks outlined above or achieve work purposes;
 August 2013 • INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 信 息 技 術

雲端運算憑藉其廣泛和用途和使用上的便 雲端運算在多家大學、政府機構和私人
公司中亦日趨流行。舉例說，以美國為
利，已成為十分流行的科技。終端使用者
基地的網絡服務公司FEMhub於2011
可以透過網頁瀏覽器、流動設備和流動應
年推出了現時相當受歡迎的NCLab，
用程式（即Apps）來使用以雲端技術為基 這是一款關乎科學、技術、工程和數
礎的程式，不少人現時亦使用遠處的伺服 學技術（統稱STEM）的免費服務軟件
器存儲商務軟件和使用者資料。雲端運算 （SaaS）應用程式。FEMhub的用戶包
讓使用者輕易地因應自己的需要而取用資 括多所主要大學和公司的研究人員、學
生和教職員以及多家公司。截至2012年
訊科技資源和服務，亦遠較自行構建電腦
7月，NCLab已擁有超過一萬名用戶，而
設備廉宜。不過，使用者在簽約使用「雲 其會員人數亦大幅增長。
端服務」之前，應當認識若干相關風險。
雲端運算有助大大減少公司的資訊科技成
本。更重要的是，雲端運算是一款環保型
根 據資訊科技顧問G a r t n e r 公司於
2012年發表的《2012年法律資訊
科技專業人士全球雲端技術調查報告》，
的產品，能夠減低律師行在儲存檔案夾和
大量文件方面的開支。然而，儘管雲端服
目前20%的美國公司並不擁有資訊科技資 務有著成本和運營上的優勢，但在選擇「
產，而是單單倚靠雲端技術來進行業務。 進入雲端」之前，負責守規事宜的專業人
- no personally identifiable information 員有必要認真地考慮下文所述的各項關乎
will be released to third parties 雲端運算顯然讓使用者能隨時隨地取用資
守規的關注點。
unless required by law; 訊科技資源。透過雲端技術，使用者能方
- cloud-based servers will be physically 便快捷地得享網絡、伺服器、數據存儲和
風險
secure under lock and key with 應用程式等服務，而這種技術只需最低的
controlled access; 管理成本和最少的服務供應商互動。 網絡罪行
世界各地與電腦相關的罪行，特別是網絡
- account data will only be accessed 上述報告亦指出，法律行業視雲端運算為
with the specific authorisation of 罪行，正日趨猖獗。根據於2 0 1 2 年發表
一項重要的工具，因為它有助提高業務的
the account-holder to resolve a 的《諾頓網絡罪行報告》，全球有關網絡
靈活性及個人的工作效率，對於有需要經
customer’s complaints; 罪行的總支出估計達3,880億美元（三萬
常出外公幹的律師尤為有用。超過一半的
- all data stored with the service 億港元）以上，而世界上70%的成年人在
受訪者預測，隨著律師們對科技的理解不
provider is sole property of the 其一生中將會遇上網絡罪行。
斷加深，雲端運算於未來五年內將變得相
customer with access to e-data; and
當普及。 十分之一的社交網站用戶已成為社交網站
- technology standards for cloud 平台上的詐騙或虛假連結的受害人。大部
computing service providers are in 雲端運算可以是私人的，亦可以是公共
分受害人位於俄羅斯、中國和南美洲。數
place. 的。在英國，隨著資訊科技市場自由化，
位轉換、資料共享以及可供使用的數位技
大部分律師行已把電話、電郵和文件整合
A new frontier 術日益豐富，都不斷為不法之徒提供新的
程序外判給公共雲端技術。就此而言，服
The evolving information society 犯罪機會，公司和個人所面對的風險亦與
務供應商 — 例如身為佔有最大市場份額
continues to explore new economic, 日俱增。
cultural and political opportunities. 的公共雲端運算供應商的亞馬遜網絡服務
— 在互聯網上向任何人出售服務，作為一 雲端運算也是各個執法機關所面對的新挑
However, it also brings with it new issues
種「綠色運算」，提供遠遠超越律師行本 戰。當涉及客戶資料時，使用者將可能負
and risks, which pose new challenges
and risks for every legal system, cloud 身的伺服器的龐大儲存覆蓋範圍。私人的 上專業責任及各種規則和客戶合約條款下
computing among them. 雲端運算一般則是由單一個具規模的機構 的責任。

Cyberians hail cyberspace as the 設立、並為有限數目的人士提供主管服務 公司使用者在使用雲端運算時，應當留意

pinnacle of “bottom-up” governance. 的網絡或數據中心。 資訊保安。負責守規事宜的專業人員不
Digital communication and data storage 僅要考慮到日益擴大的電腦罪行領域和規
此外，還有各種「混合型」的雲端運算組
through cloud computing will likely 模，還必須應付不斷提升的反電子法證偵
合，這些雲端基礎設施是由兩個或以上的雲
disinter new laws, perhaps through 查技術所產生的威脅。
mediated rule-making, to enable us 端（私人的、共有的或公共的）組成的。當
to overcome traditional jurisdictional 服務供應商使用公共雲端資源來創設私人雲 新開發的旨在阻礙或抵禦搜證和執法過程
conflicts and costs barriers. n 端時，這便稱為「虛擬私人雲端」。 的工具和技術如雨後春筍段湧現，更可

www.hk-lawyer.org   41
 •  August 2013

供免費下載，對資訊保安構成真正威脅。 足以應付例如電子科技使用者公開披露私 有助證明「保管鏈」及數據擁有權的數據

駭客工具和間諜軟體亦可輕易地在網上獲 人資料、監視監聽及入侵資料庫等線上侵 和元數據。
取，大大增加電腦遭入侵的風險。 犯私隱行為。截取通訊顯然是有需要受到
舉例說，美國公司如要尋求指引可先參閱
獨立和完善的制度監管的行為。
司法管轄權的爭議 《聯邦民事訴訟程序規則》。儘管合約條
一旦進入雲端，電腦數據便可被保存在世 在全球不少地方，資料私隱淪為私隱權與 款不一定能協助免除違約所帶來的一切後
界上任何地方。假如果料被儲存在規管架 電子入侵者的自由之間的「拉鋸戰」。事 果（例如把歐洲客戶資料移過未經認可的
構有欠完善的司法管轄區，關乎守規的問 實上，在香港，當個人資料以雲端科技儲 雲端系統），但合約方至少能就某些類別
題便可能出現。總體來說，目前並無任何 存時，資料私隱權可能承受更大風險，因 的經濟損失而得享合約保障。在這前提
單一套專為規管雲端運算而設的地方法律 為正如上文提及，儲存資料的伺服器可能 下，歐洲委員會已宣布有意最遲於2 0 1 3
或國際法律。 由位於香港以外的服務供應商擁有。 年制訂雲端運算標準合約條款連同具體指
引和規定。
有見及雲端運算主管服務涉及複雜的司法
對於電子披露的關注 為減低風險，雲端運算服務供應商應透過
管轄權爭議，公司應當考慮雲端運算服務
供應商所身處的位置。許多國家的法律體 商界和法律界的專業人士亦應考慮是否有 「服務條款」或「私隱」政策提供保證，
系混合了不同的法律原則，例如英國法、 需要保留以雲端科技儲存的證據，並應在 而該政策應訂明，儲存於該服務供應商的
羅馬荷蘭法和習慣法。這些法律主要是針 進行盡職調查、商討合約、進行日常資料 所有數據和資料將保持機密，而除了為最
對「離線」交易而頒佈的，因此它們是否 備份和存檔及監察表現時細看電子披露所 終使用者服務外，該等數據和資料不會作
適用於由資訊和通訊科技發展而產生的新 涉及的問題和開支，為可能出現的訴訟做 任何用途。服務供應商應提供各種保證，
情況，目前仍不得而知。 準備。畢竟，如要取閱儲存在公共雲端運 包括：
算系統（特別是位於其他司法管轄區的系
關乎網絡罪行的唯一一項國際條約，是歐 - 以使用者的關注為先，把敏感度較低的
統）的數據或資料，可能要先通過複雜的
洲委員會於2 0 0 1 年發佈的《網絡罪行公 非機密數據和資料儲存以作備份行政用
法律程序。
約》。這項公約適用於歐盟各成員國以及 途或存檔用途；
四個非歐洲簽約國，即美國、南非、日本 再者，取閱此等數據或資料可能涉及技 - 除非法律另有規定，否則任何可用以
和加拿大。 術上的難題。除非雲端運算應用程式提供 識別個別人士的資料都不會發放予第三
審計線索，否則可能難以抽取可獲法庭接 方；
在歐盟託管的電子資料，受歐盟的規例監
納的數碼證據。在雲端運算的環境下， - 確保雲端上的伺服器的保安，除了上鎖
管。你可利用「安全港」安排和度身訂造
數碼證據更顯得難以捉摸和變化多端。舉 外，亦要對進入伺服器作出限制；
的服務協議，將該等規例的適用範圍擴展
例說，假如透過雲端運算系統接達應用程 - 只有在得到帳戶持有人的具體授權下，
到歐盟以外。
式，則傳統上寫入作業系統的數據或資料 方可為着處理客戶投訴而取閱帳戶資
在上述框架下，雲端運算的使用者將資料 （例如登記冊記項或臨時網上檔案）將在 料；
轉移至國外之前，須遵守歐盟當地的指令 虛擬環境下留存或儲存，因此可能隨著使 - 儲存於服務供應商的所有數據和資料均
和法律。再者，資料數據也可能受到從雲 用者離開而消失。 屬有權取閱電子資料的客戶所有；及
端儲存庫提取資料的人的所在地的法規 - 服務供應商已設有該類供應商所需的科
另一項困難乃關乎為數據建立「保管鏈」
管轄。例子之一是美國於2 0 0 1 年「九一 技標準。
及辨識潛在數碼證據的來源，特別是當數
一」事件之後制定、旨在保護該國免受恐
據在境外司法管轄區儲存和受管理之時為
怖活動破壞的《愛國者法令》。該法令主
然。這可能令檢索數據以用作調查過程或 開闢新領域
要允許美國政府提取任何在美國境內儲存 不斷演進的資訊社會，亦繼續探索新的經
訴訟中的證據方面出現延誤。某些數據可
的資訊（包括受「安全港」安排涵蓋的資 濟、文化和政治機遇，但這同時也產生新
能已被編碼，而假如雲端數據庫已有許多
訊）以至由以美國為總部的機構管理並在 的問題和風險，為各個法律體系帶來新的
「租戶」使用，則可能出現「同步化」的
任何其他司法管轄區內儲存的資訊。 挑戰和守規上的風險。雲端運算正是一個
問題，因為要從運算紀錄中分隔出相關數
據並不容易。法證調查不應影響到並非調 好例子。
作為傳統儲存網絡的類似關注 查對象的其他雲端服務使用者。 網絡世界的人士都讚譽網絡為「從下至
數據或資料保安問題是令到許多業務避免
上」管治的上佳例子。透過雲端運算進行
使用雲端運算的最主要原因。根據坊間說 減低風險：以書面記錄 的電子通訊和數據儲存，將有可能衍生新
法及統計數據，雲端運算所帶來的保安威
上文所述的各類風險當中許多都可透過與 的法律（即使可能是通過斡旋後制定），
脅不比任何企業網絡為高。
服務供應商訂立協議而得到減低。這類協 以協助我們克服傳統的司法管轄權衝突和
現時用以保障資料私隱的形式和範圍，不 議應就多個事項明訂條款，例如取閱可能 成本障礙。 n

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 •  August 2013

THE INADEQUACY OF
HONG KONG’S CONSERVATION
LEGISLATION
香港文物保育法例的不足之處
By Kong Yuk Foon Doreen, Partner Reed Smith Richards Butler

作者 江玉歡合夥人 禮德齊伯禮律師行

The author believes that the recent Section 16 planning application of No.27 Lugard
Road highlights the flaws of Hong Kong’s conservation legislation, and inspiration
should be sought further afield from places like Macau and Singapore

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 August 2013 • CONSERVATION 立 法 保 護

O n 30 May 2013, it was reported in

No. 27 LugardRoad, The Peak, H.K.
香港山頂盧吉道27號
several newspapers that the owner
of No.27 Lugard Road (the “Owner”) had
applied to the Town Planning Board under
Section 16 of the Town Planning Ordinance
for change of use from residential to a
proposed heritage hotel.
The Town Planning Board received a total
of 90 comments from the public regarding
the application. Some of them took the
view that Lugard Road could not sustain
the traffic generated from the proposed
hotel and the proposed use would
adversely affect the serenity in the vicinity.
According to Wikipedia, Lugard Road,
which is named after Sir Frederick Lugard
(the former governor of Hong Kong from
1907-1912), is a semi-circular and narrow
path surrounding the Peak. Construction
of the road began in 1913 and completed
after the end of the First World War. The
road is part of the Hong Kong Trail and is
very popular amongst locals and tourists.
From Lugard Road, one can easily enjoy
the panoramic view of Victoria Harbour and
its accompanying cityscape. It is however,
relatively inaccessible as cars cannot pass
through in most parts, which means there
are only a few houses situated there.
A land search shows that No.27 Lugard
Road was acquired by a company in early
2013 for HK$383.8 million. As revealed in
the Executive Summary of the planning
application made by the Owner, there is an
existing house on the lot with a distinctive
architectural design, built around 1916.
As the building is located on a lot zoned
“Residential (Group C)” under the Peak
Area Outline Zoning Plan No.S/H/14/11,
the proposed adaptive re-use of the
building as a heritage hotel requires
approval from the Town Planning Board.
Under the proposal, the existing heritage
building will be conserved and two small
two-three storey villas will be constructed
as part of the proposed hotel.
The outcome of the application of course
depends on the decision of the Town
Planning Board. At press time, the fate of
No.27 Lugard Road remains unknown. The
special location and circumstances of the
site should be crucial considerations for the
Town Planning Board.
Yet, the significant impact is not the
outcome of the application, but the
reflection of the inadequacy of the present
conservation policy and legislation in Hong
Kong.
Two levels of heritage
protection
Grading of historic buildings
In Hong Kong, there are mainly two levels
of protection for heritage buildings. On
the administrative level, the Antiquities
Advisory Board (the “Board”) has since
1996 confirmed the grading of 1,444
historic buildings according to six criteria:
historical interest, architectural merit,
group value, social value and local interest,
authenticity, and rarity. According to the
information provided on the official website
of the Antiquities and Monuments Office,
there are three levels of grading for graded
historic buildings -

Grade 1: Buildings of outstanding merit, which every effort should be made to

preserve if possible.
Grade 2: Buildings of special merit; efforts should be made to selectively preserve.

Grade 3: Buildings of some merit; preservation in some form would be desirable

and alternative means could be considered if preservation is not
practicable.

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 •  August 2013
Graded historic buildings are however
not subject to statutory protection.
Declaration of monuments under the
Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance
The second level of protection comes
from the power of the Secretary for
Development (the “Secretary”) to
declare properties as monuments
under the Antiquities and Monuments
Ordinance (Cap. 53 of the Laws of Hong
Kong). In Hong Kong, the principal piece
of legislation for conservation is the
Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance
(Cap. 53 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the
“Ordinance”).
Like its name, the Ordinance itself is
a piece of antique. It was enacted in
1976 with only minor amendments
since enactment. Although former
Chief Executive Donald Tsang formally
pronounced a conservation policy for
Hong Kong in his Policy Address in 2007
and the present Chief Executive Leung
Chun Ying agreed on the importance
of conservation in his Manifesto for
Election, the Ordinance has received
scant official attention.
Under Sections 2A and 3 of the
Ordinance, the Secretary with the
consultation of the Board is empowered
to declare a property as a proposed
monument or monument. However,
the criteria for declaring a property as
a proposed monument or monument
are not clearly defined in the Ordinance.
Sections 2C and 4 of the Ordinance
allow the owner or any lawful occupier of
the property to object to the declaration,
and the Chief Executive in Council has
the final say on the objection lodged by
the owner or lawful occupier.
As in the Hotung Gardens case, the
Secretary for Development first declared
the property as a proposed monument
under Section 2A of the Ordinance.
According to Section 2B, the declaration
of a proposed monument is only valid
for 12 months from the making of it. For
46  www.hk-lawyer.org
private properties, the 12-month period to owners of historic buildings, but also to
cannot be extended. commercial and industrial concerns which
set up business in those buildings. These
One would remember that after Hotung
two cities have also built in a mechanism
Gardens were declared a proposed
for the Government to claim preferential
monument, the owner of that property
right to acquire monuments or even
fought very hard in objecting the
expropriate historic properties when the
declaration. Ultimately, the Government
situation calls for it.
withdrew the declaration.
The No.27 Lugard Road
Comparison with Macau and
application
Singapore
It is surprising and difficult to understand
Unlike neighbouring cities Macau
why No.27 Lugard Road, steeped in
and Singapore, Hong Kong does not
history and distinctive architectural value,
have sufficient statutory protection or
is not yet graded a historic building as at
incentives to owners of private historic
June 2013. While media reports have set
buildings. Although Section 7 of the
out that the Board is finally prepared to
Ordinance empowers the Secretary
assess the building and may give it Grade
to grant funds to owners to carry out
2 status, it offers no statutory protection
renovation, preservation or restoration
or incentive and so does not help the
works to monuments, the criteria for the
owner and the people of Hong Kong
grant, and the amount of funds are not
preserve this piece of historic asset.
clearly set out in the Ordinance.
As the Owner is willing to preserve the
Section 21 of the Ordinance further
building at his own cost and reuse it as a
ties the hands of the Government by
hotel, I think we should appreciate and
providing that the said funds must be
adopt a more open mind on the planning
from moneys approved from time to
application, which may be the best option
time by the Legislative Council. Given
in view of the limitations of our present
the current political climate, one would
conservation policy and resources. For
not expect a straightforward debate in
instance, to resolve the traffic impact and
approving such funding.
so aid in the conservation of the property,
The Ordinance also only protects places, the Town Planning Board may impose
buildings, sites or structures of historical, conditions such as the use of the shuttle
archaeological or paleontological bus at specified time intervals.
significance. Its main focus is buildings.
On the other hand, conservation Way forward
legislation in Macau and Singapore In the research report on Built Heritage
covers Conservation
ensembles, sites Policy in Selected
and groups of Places prepared
buildings, and by Michael Yu of
even allows the Legislative
for protected Council
areas and buffer Secretariat, it is
zones. mentioned that
the Government
The Macau
had in fact
and Singapore
considered the
governments
desirability of
not only provide A floor plan of 27 Lugard Road, as used by Hong Kong real estate
agency Centaline Property. revamping the
fiscal incentives
盧吉道27號的平面圖，香港地產代理中原地產提供。 Ordinance or
 August 2013 • CONSERVATION 立 法 保 護

REUTERS/Edgar Su

A worker paints the windows of a conserved shophouse at Chinatown in Singapore.

在新加坡的唐人街一名工人正在為古舊店屋窗戶油漆。

introducing a new ordinance for heritage 作者認為近期根據《城市規劃條例》第16條遞交的盧

conservation to improve the statutory
protection of historic assets. However, the 吉道27號規劃許可申請，突顯了香港文物保育法例的
report also revealed that at the end, the 不足之處，並認為應借鑒例如澳門及新加坡等地方的
Government decided instead to keep the
Ordinance unchanged. 處理方法。
Although we cannot simply borrow

根
據數家報章在2013年5月30日所
whole sets of conservation legislation
作的報導，盧吉道27號的擁有人
and policies from Macau and Singapore,
（「擁有人」） 依照《城市規劃條例》
given each city’s unique characteristics,
we should seriously consider and press for 第16條的規定向城市規劃委員會提出申
a more comprehensive and transparent 請，要求將位於該址原來作住宅用途的建
conservation legislation and a holistic 築物改建成為一間文物酒店。
approach on conservation.
城市規劃委員會就該項申請總共收到90份
Apart from Hotung Gardens and No.27 公眾人士的意見書，其中一些意見認為盧
Lugard Road, there are still other private 吉道無法應付擬議興建的酒店所引發的交
historic buildings, especially in the city
通流量，而所建議的用途亦會嚴重影響附
areas, where urgent protection is needed,
近環境的安寧。
lest these priceless cultural assets vanish
under rapid urban redevelopment. n 根據維基百科的資料，盧吉道是以盧吉爵
士（Sir Frederick Lugard）（他是1907
至1912年間的香港總督）的名字命名，
而該道路是一條環繞山頂而建的半圓形狹
窄路徑。盧吉道的興建始於1913年，但
整項建造工程須到了第一次世界大戰結束
後才完成。該路也是港島徑的其中一部
分，很受本地人士和遊客的歡迎。從盧吉
道遠眺，我們輕易地便可以飽覽維多利亞
港的景色，而附近周圍的城市景觀亦盡收
眼底。然而，由於盧吉道的大部分路面均
無法讓汽車通行，所以那兒的人跡較為稀
疏，而附近一帶亦只建有數棟房子。

www.hk-lawyer.org   47
 •  August 2013

A 1933 archived photograph of the house at No 27 Lugard Road, courtesy of the University of Bristol’s “Historical Photographs of China” project.
1933年的盧吉道27號，由布里斯托爾大學的「中國歷史圖片展」項目所展出的的照片存檔。

根據土地查冊的資料顯示，盧吉道27號已 理位置和環境，應該是城市規劃委員會所考慮的重要因素。
於2013年初由一家公司以3億8,380萬港
然而，最重要的影響並非在於該項申請的結果，而是反映了香港現行保育政策和法例的
元的價格收購。從擁有人提出的規劃許可
不足之處。
申請的行政摘要顯示，在該地塊上目前建
有一棟大約於1916年建造，並富有建築 文物保護的兩個層次
設計特色的房子。
歷史建築物的評級
由於該棟建築物是位於根據「山頂區分區 香港對文物建築的保護主要分為兩個層面。在行政層面上，古物諮詢委員會（以下簡稱
計劃大綱核准圖編號S/H/14/11」劃為 「委員會」） 自1996年以來，已經根據六項準則對1,444棟具歷史價值建築物的評級
「住宅（丙類）」 的地塊上，因此將該 作出了確認。這六項準則分別為：歷史價值、建築價值、組合價值、社會價值和地區價
棟建築物活化再利用並作為文物酒店的建 值、保持原貌程度及罕有程度。
議，需要獲得城市規劃委員會的批准。
根據古物古蹟辦事處官方網站所提供的信息，歷史建築物共分為三個評級級別-
根據有關建議，現有的文物建築將會獲
得保留，並另外將會興建兩棟樓高二至 1級： 具特別重要價值而可能的話須盡一切努力予以保存的建築物。
三層的小型別墅，作為擬議酒店的其中 2級： 具特別價值而須有選擇性地予以保存的建築物。
一部分。
3級： 具若干價值，並宜於以某種形式予以保存的建築物；如保存並不
申請結果將取決於城市規劃委員會所作 可行，則可以考慮其他方法。
的決定。截至本文刊登為止，盧吉道27
號的命運仍未揭盅，而該地點的特殊地 然而，經評級後的歷史建築物並不會享有法定保護。

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 August 2013 • CONSERVATION 立 法 保 護

根據《古物及古蹟條例》而列作法定古 人們可能仍會記得，當何東花園被宣布為 盧吉道27號的申請

蹟的聲明 暫定古蹟後，該物業的擁有人曾提出激烈
令人感到驚訝和難以理解的是，雖然盧吉
反對。最後，政府撤回了該項宣布。
第二個級別所享有的保護，是源於發展局 道27號享有悠久歷史和獨特的建築價值，
局長（以下簡稱「局長」）根據《古物及 但截至2013年6月為止，該物業尚未被評
與澳門及新加坡比較
古蹟條例》（第53章）將物業列作法定古 定為一棟歷史建築物。雖然媒體有報導指
香港與澳門及新加坡等鄰近城市不同，對
蹟的權力。在香港，發揮保育文物作用的 出，委員會終於打算為該棟建築物進行評
於私人歷史建築物的擁有人，香港並沒有
主要法例是《古物及古蹟條例》（第53 核，並可能會將它評定為屬於二級歷史建
給予他們足夠的法定保護或激勵。雖然《
章）（以下簡稱《條例》）。 築物，但委員會並沒有為它提供任何法定
條例》第7條賦予局長權力為擁有人提供
保護或激勵措施，因而也無助於該建築物
資金進行翻新工程，但《條例》對於古蹟
的擁有人和香港市民保存這片具有歷史價
的保存或修復工程、提供資金的準則，以
值的資產。
及資金的數額等，並沒有作出明確闡述。
由於擁有人願意在自行承擔費用情況下保
《條例》第21條規定，上述資金的提供，
存該棟建築物，並將它改建成為一間文物
需要經由立法會不時就撥款作出批准，而
酒店，因此我認為我們應當對擁有人的此
此等限制，將令政府受到進一步制肘。鑑
舉表示讚賞，並在規劃許可申請方面採取
於香港目前的政治氣候，人們總不會預期
更加開放的態度，而鑑於我們目前在保育
撥款申請只須經過一場簡單的辯論，便能
政策和資源方面的局限性，這也許亦是一
輕易獲得通過。
個最佳的選擇方案。為了解決交通問題所
帶來的影響，從而有助達成對該建築物進
一如其名，《條例》本身是一條於1976 行保育，城市規劃委員會可以施加若干條
年制定的陳年法例，而自實施以來，它只 件限制，例如規定須在指定時間範圍內，
經過輕微的修訂。雖然前任行政長官曾蔭 定期安排穿梭巴士往來行走該路段。
權在2007年的施政報告中，曾正式宣布
未來的發展
香港實施的一項保育政策，而現任行政長
在立法會秘書處余肇中先生所著的《選定
官梁振英在其選舉宣言中亦贊同保育工作
地方的文物建築保護政策》研究報告中，
在香港十分重要，但《條例》本身依然未
指出為了加強對具歷史價值資產的法定保
獲官方給予充分關注。
護，政府確實曾經考慮過更新《條例》
根據《條例》第2A條及第3條的規定，局
或是制定一條新文物保育條例的需要。然
長在諮詢了委員會後，有權宣布一項物業
而，該報告亦透露，政府最後決定還是維
為「暫定古蹟」或「古蹟」。然而，宣告 此外，《條例》的制定也只是為了保護具
持《條例》不變。
一項物業為暫定古蹟或古蹟的準則，在《 有歷史、考古或古生物學價值的地方、建
築物、地點或構築物，而其主要焦點是在 由於每個城市都有它自己的獨特之處，所
條例》中並沒有明確說明。《條例》第
建築物身上。另一方面，澳門及新加坡的 以我們不能簡單地照搬澳門及新加坡的一
2C條及第4條容許擁有人或物業的任何合
保育法例不但涵蓋建築群、地點和建築物 整套保育法例和政策。然而，我們應當認
法佔用人對該等宣布提出反對，而行政長
群組，甚至也涵蓋保護區和緩衝區。 真考慮並積極要求政府制定更加全面和具
官會同行政會議有權對擁有人或合法佔用
透明度的保育法例，以及一套有關保育的
人所提出的反對作出最後決定。 澳門及新加坡政府的財政激勵措施，不僅
整全策略。
例如在「何東花園」的個案中，發展局局 是為歷史建築物的擁有人提供，而且也
為在該些建築物內進行經營的工商業戶提 除了何東花園及盧吉道27號，香港亦必須
長首先根據《條例》第2A條宣布該物業
供。這兩個城市還設立了一個機制，讓政 對其他由私人擁有並具有歷史價值的建築
為暫定古蹟，而第2B條規定，暫定古蹟
府在情況有需要時，有權就古蹟的取得提 物（特別是在市區範圍內）加以保護，否
的宣布僅於作出該宣布起計的12個月期間
出其優先權主張，甚至將具有歷史價值的 則這些彌足珍貴的文化資產將會在城市重
內有效。假如該物業是位於私人土地範圍
物業沒收作公有之用。 建的洪流中迅速消失。 n
內，則該12個月期限不能延長。

www.hk-lawyer.org   49
 •  August 2013

DIAGRAMMATICALLY GOOD:
Understanding the New Property Valuation
Regime for Listing Applicants and Issuers
引入圖表的好處：
了解為上市申請人及發行人設立的
新物業估值制度 By Mike Suen, Partner DLA Piper Hong Kong
Polly Owen, Foreign Legal Consultant DLA Piper Hong Kong
作者 孫志偉合夥人 香港歐華律師事務所
Polly Owen境外法律顧問 香港歐華律師事務所

50  www.hk-lawyer.org

REUTERS/Bobby Yip
Prada’s chief executive and husband
of Italian fashion designer Miuccia
Prada, speaks during the listing of
Prada SpA at the Hong Kong Stock
Exchange.
Prada行政總裁和意大利時裝設計
師Miuccia Prada的丈夫在Prada在
香港聯交所上市時進行演說。
August 2013 •
The SEHK’s proposal to use diagrams
to further guide listing applicants
and issuers in complicated connected
transaction rules is much welcome,
and the authors believe a similar
approach will benefit other areas of
the Listing Rules.
T he use of plain language in the Listing
Rules has always been on the agenda of
The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited’s
(the “SEHK”) agenda, so as to make the rules
more user-friendly. Having seen the recently
published Consultation Paper on Review of
Connected Transaction Rules (http://www.
hkex.com.hk/eng/newsconsul/mktconsul/
Documents/cp201304.pdf), we are pleased
to see that SEHK has proposed replacing
Chapter 14A of the Listing Rules with the
Guide on Connected Transaction Rules issued
in April 2012 (the “Guide”) (http://www.hkex.
com.hk/eng/rulesreg/listrules/listguid/
Documents/ctguide_e.pdf). This is in line with
other proposed elements to facilitate easier
understanding, such as a re-write of Chapter 14A
in plainer language that would include “self-
contained definitions of ‘connected person’ and
‘associate’ in that chapter”.
This is the first time in the evolution of the Listing
Rules that the use of diagrams is proposed, and
we welcome the SEHK’s innovation in proposing
the use of diagrams in the Guide to illustrate the
application and interpretation of the complicated
connected transaction rules.
As the SEHK set out, the Guide “is intended
to illustrate the connected transaction
requirements in plainer language with diagrams
and examples”. There’s no doubt in our mind
that this will assist listing applicants and listed
issuers as well as financial advisers, legal
practitioners and others to understand and apply
those rules. We believe the SEHK deserves praise
for this proposal and we look forward to seeing
the consultation conclusions on the review of the
connected transaction rules later this year.
Taking the Guide as an example, we believe
there are other areas in the Listing Rules where
the SEHK could adopt a similar diagram-based
approach.
CORPORATE FINANCE 企 業 融 資
New property valuation regime
By way of background, in October 2011, the
Securities and Futures Commission and
the SEHK published the Joint Consultation
Conclusions on Proposed Changes to Property
Valuation Requirements (the “Joint Consultation
Conclusions”) (http://www.hkex.com.hk/
eng/newsconsul/mktconsul/Documents/
cp201012cc.pdf).
Under the Joint Consultation Conclusions,
the new property valuation regime (the “New
Regime”) provides that a listing applicant
or listed issuer need not prepare a property
valuation report or, if a property valuation is
required, need make only summary disclosure
of the valuation in the prospectus or circular,
subject to if certain pre-determined criteria or
thresholds are met.
Since the New Regime and the amended
Chapter 5 of the Listing Rules became effective
on 1 January 2012 (after the Companies
Ordinance (Exemption of Companies and
Prospectuses from Compliance with Provisions)
(Amendment) Notice 2011 was passed by
the Legislative Council in December 2011),
many listing applicants have taken advantage
of the New Regime so that they have been
exempted from the requirement to prepare
property valuation reports for inclusion in their
prospectuses.
However, we note that from January last year
to May this year, a significant number of listing
applicants did not follow the New Regime
and either: (i) statements regarding property
valuation set out in the business section of
their prospectus were not consistent with the
disclosure in the property valuation report set
out in the appendix to their prospectus; or (ii)
a full property valuation report was prepared
notwithstanding that it was not necessary to do
so under the New Regime.
We believe this is because these listing
applicants and their advisers were either not
aware of the rationale behind the New Regime
or did not fully understand its operation. As
the front-line regulator of listing activities and
administrator of the Listing Rules, the SEHK is
the gatekeeper for companies seeking a listing
and has a regulatory duty to ensure compliance
by listed companies with the Listing Rules.
www.hk-lawyer.org   51
 •  August 2013

In view of this, we believe the SEHK should Diagram 圖 1

consider taking further steps to promote
understanding of, and encourage listing Requirements for IPO (prospectus)
applicants to adopt, the New Regime. 首次公開招股（招股章程）的規定
Meeting the main objectives
One of the main objectives of the New Does the company’s
Yes 是 No 否
Regime is to remove an unnecessary business involve property
burden from listing applicants and listed activities?
issuers, in terms of cost and timing of 公司的業務是否涉及物業業
務？
preparation of valuation reports. The New
Regime also aims to enhance the quality
of information provided to investors by
Is the carrying amount of Is the carrying amount
requiring meaningful information to be No 否* No 否
the property interest ≥ 1% of the property interest ≥
disclosed. Removing unnecessary property of the total assets? O 15% of the total assets?
valuation reports in prospectuses and 物業權益的帳面值是否 ≥ 物業權益的帳面值是否 ≥
circulars could also reduce the bulk of 資產總值的1%？ 資產總值的15%？
prospectuses and circulars, and so make it
an environmentally-friendly initiative.
Yes 是 Yes 是
We therefore propose further amendments
to the current Chapter 5 of the Listing
Valuation Valuation
Rules, to adopt the same innovative
估值 估值
idea as is used in the Guide: namely,
use of diagrams. We attach proposed
diagrams designed to determine the
property valuation requirements for an IPO
prospectus and for a circular for a major Is the market value ≥ 5%
Yes 是
transaction respectively.
of total value of properties
市值是否 ≥ 須估值物業總
V
Our proposal is that the diagrams 值的5%？
would be inserted in current Chapter
5 of the Listing Rules. We believe the
No 否
use of diagrams would promote the
understanding of and compliance with the
S
New Regime under Chapter 5, including
by illustrating clearly how the complicated
language for the “if-then-else” logic under
the New Regime should be dealt with.
V : Valuation Report (including valuation of and information on property interests) - full text
of valuation reports are required to be disclosed in the listing document / circular.
We look forward to seeing if our suggestion 估值報告（包括物業權益的估值及資料） - 須在上市文件/通函中披露的估值報告全文。
is considered and accepted by the SEHK.
If it is not accepted, query what actions S : Summary Disclosure - summary disclosures are required to be incorporated into the
listing document / circular whilst the valuation report of such property interest must be
the SEHK will take instead to promote available for public inspection.
understanding of, and compliance with, 摘要披露 - 把摘要披露納入上市文件/通函中，而該等物業權益之估值報告必須提供予公
the New Regime so as to achieve the 眾查閱。
objectives set out in the Joint Consultation
Conclusions. O : Overview - no property valuation is required but a property overview covering details
such as size, uses and general description must be disclosed in the listing document /
We would also welcome thoughts from circular
other readers on our proposal above or 概覽 - 無須提供物業估值，但必須在上市文件/通函中披露涵蓋面積、用途及概述等詳情
on the two diagrams. You can reach the 的物業概覽 。
authors by email at either mike.suen@
* Total carrying amount of property interest not valued must not exceed 10% of total assets.
dlapiper.com or polly.owen@dlapiper.
無須估值的物業權益帳面值合計不得超過資產總值的10%。
com. n

52  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • CORPORATE FINANCE 企 業 融 資

Diagram 圖 2 我們非常歡迎聯交所建議
Requirements for circular 使用圖表為上市申請人及
通函的規定 發行人就複雜的關連交易
Is it a connected
Yes 是
規則提供進一步的指引，
transaction?
是否屬關連交易？ 而且筆者相信類似的方法
No 否
也會為《上市規則》的其
Is it a major transaction or
他範疇帶來好處。
above? Valuation
是否屬主要交易或以上？ 估值

Yes 是

香
港聯合交易所有限公司（下稱「
Do any one of the 聯交所」）一直有計劃以較淺白
exemptions under Rule
Yes 是 語言撰寫《上市規則》，使其變得更易
5.02A(1), (2) or (4) apply?
《上市規則》第5.02A(1)、 使用。我們檢視過《檢討關連交易規則
(2)或(4)條下的任何一項豁
的諮詢文件》(http://www.hkex.com.hk/
免是否適用？
chi/newsconsul/mktconsul/Documents/
No 否
cp201304_c.pdf)後 ， 樂 意 見 到 聯 交 所
Yes 是
Are there acquisitions / 提出了以2012年4月刊發的《有關關
disposals of Property?
是否涉及收購/出售物業？
Valuation
估值
V 連交易規則的指引》（下稱「《指引》
」）(http://www.hkex.com.hk/chi/
No 否 rulesreg/listrules/listguid/Documents/
Yes 是 No 不是 ctguide_c.pdf)取代現行《上市規則》第
Are there
Are there acquisitions / 14A章的建議。這項建議與為使公眾更易
acquisitions /
disposals of an unlisted
O disposals of a
listed company?
company? 理解相關內容而提出的其他建議項目相

是否涉及收購/出售
是否涉及收購/出售非上市 符，例如以淺白的語言重寫第14A章，並
公司的物業？
上市公司的物業？ 「在第14A章內加入獨立於《上市規則》
Yes 是 其他章節的『關連人士』及『聯繫人』的
定義」。
Is the carrying amount of
No 否* the property interest ≥ 1% 在《上市規則》的演變過程中，這是首次
of the total assets?
市值是否 ≥ 須估值物業總 出現使用圖表的建議，我們對聯交所這次
值的5%？ 在《指引》中使用圖表，為複雜的關連交
Yes 是 易規則的適用範圍和釋義作出說明的創新
建議表示歡迎。
Valuation
估值 根據聯交所所述，《指引》「擬用較淺白
語言輔以圖例講解關連交易規則」。我們

Is the market value ≥ 5% of 認為這毫無疑問有助上市申請人及上市發

the total value of properties 行人、財務顧問、法律執業者及其他人士
No 否 Yes 是
S required to be valued?
是市場的總價值需要被重視
理解和應用該等規則。我們認為就這項建
的屬性值≥5％？ 議而言，聯交所應記一功，而且我們對本
年稍後時間就檢討關連交易規則得出的諮
詢總結予以期盼。

www.hk-lawyer.org   53
 •  August 2013

以《指引》為例，我們認為《上市規 然而，我們注意到從去年1月至本年5月 招股章程及通函中不必要的物業估值報

則》尚有其他範疇聯交所可採用類似的 期間，有大量上市申請人沒有遵循新制 告，可刪減招股章程的篇幅，促進保護
圖解方法。 度：(i)他們在其招股章程商業部分中所 環境。
載關於物業估值的聲明與招股章程附錄
因此，我們建議進一步修訂現行《上市
新物業估值制度 所載的物業估值報告作出的披露並不相
規則》第5章，採用與《指引》所使用的
香港證券及期貨事務監察委員會及聯交 符；或(ii)儘管在新制度下無須編制完整
相同創新意念––使用圖表。隨文附上
所在2011年10月發表了《建議修訂物業 的物業估值報告，但他們仍有編制完整
分別為決定以下兩者的物業估值規定而
估值規定的聯合諮詢總結》（下稱「《 的物業估值報告。
設計的建議圖表：首次公開招股的招股
聯合諮詢總結》」）(http://www.hkex.
我們相信這是因為該等上市申請人及其 章程及主要交易的通函。
com.hk/chi/newsconsul/mktconsul/
顧問並不知道新制度背後的理念，或者
Documents/cp201012cc_c.pdf)。 我們建議將有關圖表加至現行《上市規
並不充分理解新制度如何操作。聯交所
則》第5章中。我們相信使用圖表可促進
根據《聯合諮詢總結》，新的物業估 作為上市活動的前線監管機構和《上市
對第5章新制度的了解及遵守，其中包括
值制度（下稱「新制度」）規定上市 規則》的管理者，為尋求上市的公司擔
明確說明應如何處理新制度下有關「如
申請人或上市發行人無需編制物業估 當把關者的角色，負有確保上市公司遵
果-則-否則」邏輯關係的複雜語言。
值報告，或即使需要提供物業估值， 守《上市規則》的監管職責。
則在符合某些事先確定的標準或界線 我們就聯交所會否考慮及接納我們的建
有鑑於此，我們認為聯交所應考慮採取
下，僅需在招股章程或通函中以摘要 議，翹首以待。倘若建議不獲接納，我
進一步的措施，促進上市申請人對新制
方式作披露。 們質疑聯交所會採取甚麼其他行動，以
度的理解，並鼓勵他們採用新制度。
促進了解及遵守新制度，從而達致《聯
自新制度和經修訂的《上市規則》第5章
合諮詢總結》中設定的目標。
（在立法會於2011年12月通過《2011 達致主要目標
年公司條例（豁免公司及招股章程遵從 新制度的主要目標之一，是減輕上市申 此外，我們歡迎其他讀者就上述建議

條文）（修訂）公告》後）在2012年1 請人及上市發行人在編制估值報告的成 或隨附的兩幅圖表提出意見。如欲聯

月1日生效以來，有不少上市申請人在新 本和時間上的不必要負擔。新制度亦旨 絡本文作者，可電郵至：m i k e . s u e n @

制度下獲得豁免，無須在其招股章程中 在透過要求披露有意義的資訊，提升向 dlapiper.com 或 polly.owen@dlapiper.

加入物業估值報告。 投資者所提供資訊的質素。此外，刪除 com。 n

54  www.hk-lawyer.org
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 •  August 2013

INDUSTRY INSIGHTS
業界透視
Civil Procedure 民事訴訟程序 application on the grounds of lateness 酌情決定權「嚴肅處理任何不當行為，
and prejudice to the defendant. 並會毫不猶豫地提供濟助給因該等承認
“Deemed admission of The court also took the opportunity to 而被誤導的一方」。
authenticity” explained clarify the following aspects of Rules of 原告人申請延長其將不承認通知書向法
Gotland Enterprises Ltd v Kwok Chi Yau the High Court Order 27 Rule 4.
院存檔的限期。原告人此舉，是尋求對
[2013] HKEC 1008 is a useful reminder First, the “deemed admission” went 被告人所披露的若干業務紀錄之真確性 (
that if a party intends to dispute the no further than the authenticity of the 該等記錄據稱支持其對該等以原告人名
authenticity of a document in another’s document itself and it was irrelevant how
list of documents it should do so for 義登記的土地提出逆權管有的申索) 提出
the document may have been described
“sound or good reason” and within 逾期的質疑。原告人看來特別關注的，
in a party’s list. The court noted that a
twenty-one days of inspection. A late “party cannot… enhance the probative 是當中的一些文件可能與被告人的業務
challenge will call for explanation. value of a document with an assertion 無關，儘管在被告人的清單中是如此被
However, should it later turn out that made in the list of documents”. 描述。
any such document is not a genuine Second, the “deemed admission” did 法庭以逾期申請及將使被告人蒙受不利
original (or true copy), the court has a not prevent a party challenging the 為由，駁回了原告人的申請。
wide discretion to “set its face against admissibility of a document (or, for that
any impropriety and will not hesitate to matter, its relevance or probative value). 法庭亦藉此機會就下列數點，對《高等
relieve the party which has been misled 法院規則》第27令第4條作出澄清。
from the admission”. - Smyth & Co in association with
Reynolds Porter Chamberlain LLP 首先，「當作承認」不能超越該文件本身
The plaintiff applied for an extension of 的真確性，而該文件在某一方的文件清單
time to file its notices of non-admission.
中被如何描述並不相關。法庭指出﹕「某
In doing so, the plaintiff sought to make 解釋「真確性的當作承認」
一方不能……藉著在文件清單中所作的宣
a late challenge to the authenticity Gotland Enterprises Ltd v Kwok Chi Yau
of certain business records disclosed 稱而提升該文件作證據的價值」。
[2013] HKEC 1008一案對下列的情況是
by the defendant, which purported to 第二，「當作承認」不能阻止某一方就
有益的提醒﹕如果訴訟的某一方擬對另
support its claim to adverse possession
某一份文件(或是，就有關事宜而言，其
of land registered in the plaintiff’s name. 一方的文件清單上的某一份文件之真確性
相關性或作證據的價值)的可接納性提出
The plaintiff appears to have been 提出爭議，它應該在具備「有效和良好理
質疑。
particularly concerned that some of the 由」的情況下，於21天的查閱限期內提出
documents in question might not relate 有關爭議。倘逾期提出質疑，便需要向法
- Smyth & Co 與 Reynolds Porter
to the defendant’s business although 庭作出解釋。
described as such in the defendant’s list.
Chamberlain LLP 聯營
然而，倘若稍後發現任何該等文件並非真
The court dismissed the plaintiff’s
正的正本(或真實副本)，法庭享有廣泛的

56  www.hk-lawyer.org

Revisiting the rule in
Browne v Dunn - the
“deemed put” procedure
Browne v Dunn (1893) 6 R 67 HL
continues to be one of the cornerstone
rules governing cross-examination.
The Court of Final Appeal in HKSAR
v Chan Hoi Tat FACC 8/2012 stated
“the rule is to ensure fairness … [as a
witness] should be told that he is not
to be believed … so that he can have
an opportunity to offer an explanation
unless it is obvious to him that his
evidence is being challenged” (the
“Rule”).
However, and in contrast with the spirit
of the Civil Justice Reform, the Rule has
contributed to unnecessarily lengthy
cross-examination due to a fear of not
covering all necessary angles.
In Aspial Investment Ltd v
Mayer Corporation Development
International Ltd HCA 238/2012,
to keep the trial on course, the judge
allowed matters in a witness statement
which impacted upon the evidence of
other witnesses as “deemed put” to
such other witnesses (the “Procedure”).
Without rejecting the Procedure,
the Court of Appeal CACV 162/2012
pointed out how the Procedure possibly
breached the Rule in this case, because:
- the exchange of witness statements
was simultaneous (Rules of the High
Court Order 38 Rule 2A(4)(c)) – a
witness was not responding to other
witnesses;
- no oral evidence-in-chief was in
place – a witness could not explain
matters raised by other witnesses.
Nevertheless, the Procedure may remain
as a viable case management tool if a
witness:
- is obviously being challenged
because, for example, witness
statements from both sides present
diametrically different facts;
August 2013 • INDUSTRY INSIGHTS 業 界 透 視
- already obtained leave to produce - 沒有進行過口述性的主問證據 – 證
a supplemental witness statement
人未能對其他證人提出的事宜作出解
in response to the other side’s
witness statements (see Allington
釋。
Investment v First Pacific - 儘管如此，該程序仍可被作為一個可
Bancshares 1993, No.A10613). 行的案件管理工具，如果證人：
Parties wishing to embrace the - 顯然 是受到質疑，舉例如，雙方的證
Procedure (for example, to expedite 人陳述書出現截然不同的事實；
and streamline a trial) should note that
- 已 經 獲 得 法 庭 許 可 呈 交 補 充 證 人 陳
if they receive an adverse judgment,
述書，用以回應另一方證人陳述
they are likely to be estopped from
complaining about the Rule being 書 (參考 Allington Investment v
breached. First Pacific Bancshares 1993,
No.A10613)。
- Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer
如案件當事人希望採納該程序(舉例如，
加快和簡化審訊進程)，應當留意一旦當
重新審視Browne v Dunn中的
事人接獲不利的判決，有可能不容提出違
規則 – “被視作已提供”的程序 反該規則的申訴。
Browne v Dunn (1893) 6 R. 67, H.L.一
案仍然被視為規範盤問過程的其中一個
- 富而德律師事務所
基礎規則。終審法院在 HKSAR v Chan
Hoi Tat FACC 8/2012一案中指出：
「這項規則是要確保公平 ... 除非證人顯 “Slip rule” explained
然知道他的證供受到質疑，否則，[作為 Falcon Insurance Co. (Hong Kong) Ltd
證人]應當被告知他不獲信任 ... 這樣他才 v Flagship Underwriting Management
可以有一個解釋的機會。」(下稱「該規 Ltd [2013] HKEC 908, 11 June 2013, is a
useful illustration of the limitations of
則」)。
the “slip rule”.
然而，由於憂慮無法涵蓋所有必要的角
Rules of the High Court Order 20 Rule
度，該規則因而不必要地延長盤問過程， 11 (“RHC O.20 r.11”) allows the court to
這亦違背了民事司法制度改革的精神。 correct a mistake in a judgment or an
在Aspial Investment Ltd v Mayer order arising from an accidental slip
or omission. The case demonstrates
Corporation Development International
that the error or omission must be “in
Ltd HCA238/2012一案中，為確保審
expressing the manifest intention of the
訊的進程，法官允許在證人陳述書中提 court”; it does not allow for an order
出的，並且會對其他證人造成影響的事 to be amended so as to provide for a
宜，都被視作已提供予該等其他證人(下 matter not before the court.
稱「該程序」)。 In this case a judge allowed an appeal
在不否定該程序的情況下，上訴法院在 from a decision of a master granting the
plaintiff summary judgment. The judge
CACV162/2012一案中指出，在該案件
granted the defendant unconditional
中，該程序有可能違反了該規則，因為：
leave to defend part of the claim. In
particular, the judge found that part of
- 互換證人陳述書是同步進行的 (Rules
of the High Court Order 38 Rule the defendant’s proposed defence and
counterclaim constituted a legal set-off,
2A(4)(c)) – 證人並不是對其他證
while part of it did not. In so doing, the
人的證據作出回應；
court found that the defendant had
www.hk-lawyer.org   57
 •  August 2013

raised a triable issue with respect to
some of the claim but not all of it.
After the judgment was handed down
the plaintiff applied to amend the
judge’s order pursuant to RHC O.20
r.11, by inserting a new paragraph to the
effect that the part of the defendant’s
counterclaim found not to constitute
a legal set-off (and not raise a triable
issue) be dismissed.
The judge dismissed the plaintiff’s
application, finding that there had been
no error “in expressing the manifest
intention of the court”.
First, the court’s findings as to the two
parts of the defendant’s counterclaim
were made in the context of an appeal
of an order for summary judgment.
Second, the court had not addressed
its mind or expressed an intention as
to whether part of the defendant’s
counterclaim should be dismissed
because there was no application to
strike out before it.
- Smyth & Co in association with
Reynolds Porter Chamberlain LLP
反申索的其中一部分，構成法律上的抵 corporate records is concerned. This can
銷，但另一部分則否。因此，法庭裁定 be compared with the more “restrictive”
approach said to have been adopted
被告人的其中一部分申索(但並非全部)
by Deputy Judge Coleman SC in the
提出了可審理的爭論點。
Lehman case.
在法庭頒下判決後，原告人根據《高等 Both judges were dealing with a
法院規則》第2 0 令第1 1 條，申請修訂 relatively new statutory provision for
法官所作的命令，並加進一個新段落， the first time and in the absence of
示明被告人所提出的該部分被法庭裁定 a body of local case law, but with a
為並不構成法律上的抵銷(並因而未能提 wealth of persuasive authorities in other
出可審理的爭論點)的反申索已被法庭撤 jurisdictions, particularly Australia;
Section 152FA having come into effect
銷。
in July 2005 and being modeled on
法官駁回了原告人的申請，裁定「在 equivalent Australian legislation.
表達法庭的明顯意圖方面」並不存在 Since these two cases, there have been
誤差。 approximately a dozen or so reported
cases dealing with shareholder access
首先，法庭就被告人所提出的該兩部分
to corporate records pursuant to Section
反申索所作的裁定，是在原告人對法庭
152FA. In the majority of these cases
就簡易判決所作的命令提出上訴之情況
shareholders have obtained access
下作出的。第二，法庭就被告人所提出 to substantial corporate records,
的反申索之其中某部分是否應被撤銷， provided they can present credible
並沒有作出考慮或表示任何意向，原因 evidence that their legitimate economic
interests as shareholders have been
是並沒有人要求法庭將其剔除。
adversely affected by (for example)
- Smyth & Co 與 Reynolds Porter mismanagement or misapplication of
Chamberlain LLP 聯營 corporate assets.

In Re Veron International Ltd [2013]

解釋「失誤規則」
Company 公司
Falcon Insurance Co. (Hong Kong) Ltd
v Flagship Underwriting Management Shareholder access to
Ltd [2013] HKEC 908, 11 June 2013 corporate records
一案是對「失誤規則」之局限性的非常
Since the first two cases in Hong Kong to
有用說明。
test the parameters of Section 152FA of
《高等法院規則》第2 0 令第1 1 條允許 the Companies Ordinance (“Inspection
of corporate records by members”),
法庭糾正因意外失誤或遺漏，而在判決
there has been debate as to whether
或命令中所造成的誤差。該案表明，錯
the courts should adopt a “liberal” or
誤或遺漏必須是「在表達法庭的明顯意 “restrictive” approach. The two cases
圖方面」﹔它不允許當一項命令被修訂 are Re Applied Development Holdings Ltd
後，會出現對未經法庭審理的事宜作出 [2011] 5 HKLRD 241 and Re Lehman Co.
規定的情況。 Management Ltd [2011] 4 HKLRD 237.
在本案中，一名法官允許被告人就一名 In Applied Development Holdings
聆案官授予原告人簡易判決的裁定提出 Harris J is said to have taken a “liberal”
approach to the statutory construction
上訴。該法官授予被告人無條件許可，
of Section 152FA. It is certainly true that
就申索的其中一部分進行抗辯。特別
the judgment is something of a tour de
是，該法官裁定被告人擬提出的抗辯和
force insofar as shareholder access to
HKEC 835, the Court of Appeal declined
to go into an “academic discussion as
to whether there were two approaches”
to the application of Section 152FA.
That said, it seems clear that (for now)
the courts in Hong Kong are at least
adopting a pragmatic and “purposive”
approach (cf. Section 19, Interpretation
and General Clauses Ordinance).
- Smyth & Co in association with
Reynolds Porter Chamberlain LLP
股東查閱法團紀錄
自香港法院審理了首兩宗涉及測試香港《
公司條例》第152FA條(「成員查閱法團
紀錄」)之適用範圍的案件以來，便一直
存在法庭應採納「靈活」還是「限制性」
的處理方式之爭論。該兩宗案件分別為
Re Applied Development Holdings Ltd

58  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • INDUSTRY INSIGHTS 業 界 透 視

[2011] 5 HKLRD 241 及Re Lehman

Co. Management Ltd [2011] 4 HKLRD
237。

在Applied Development Holdings

一案中，原訟法庭法官夏利士被指對第
152FA條的法定解釋採取了「靈活」的
處理方式。而千真萬確的是，就股東查閱
法團紀錄而言，這項裁決是一項創舉，
並可以與暫委法官高浩文被指在「雷曼案
件」中所採取的較為「限制性」的處理方
式作一比較。

這兩位法官都是在並無完整的本地判例
法，但卻有著許多其他司法管轄區 (特別
是澳大利亞)的具說服力典據的情況下，首
度處理一項較為陌生的法律條文﹔《公司
條例》第152FA條於2005年7月生效，並 REUTERS/Jorge Dan Lopez

以澳大利亞的相對應法例作為藍本。

自法院審理了這兩宗案件後，隨後陸續 considering whether or not a company
有10多宗關於股東根據《公司條例》第 is insolvent was recently considered by
152FA條查閱法團紀錄的經彙報案例。 the UK Supreme Court in BNY Corporate
Trustee Services Ltd v Eurosail-UK-2007-
在大多數這些案例中，股東查閱了大量的
3BL plc [2013] 1 WLR 1408.
法團紀錄，前提是他們能夠提出可信的證
據，表明其作為股東所享有的合法經濟利 On the facts of the case, Eurosail-UK-
益已因(例如)法團資產被不當管理或不當 2007-3BL plc (“Eurosail”) had issued
loan notes, graded into classes of
運用而蒙受不利影響。
varying priority, which provided that an
在Re Veron International Ltd [2013] “event of default” would occur if Eurosail
HKEC 835一案中，關於第152FA條的 was deemed unable to pay its debts as
適用方面，上訴法庭拒絕就「是否存在 and when they fall due (ie a cash flow
兩種處理方式而進行學術性討論」。即 test) within the meaning of Sections
便如此，但似乎很清晰的一點是，(目前) 123(1) or (2) of the UK Insolvency Act
1986. Subsequently, Eurosail suffered a
香港法院至低限度是採取一種務實和「目
deficiency in its asset position and, even
的性」的處理方式(參見《釋義及通則條
though it managed to continue to pay
例》第19條)。
its debts, the lower ranking noteholders
argued that there had been an event of
- Smyth & Co 與 Reynolds Porter
default under the notes.
Chamberlain LLP 聯營
In examining whether or not the
company could be considered to be
insolvent, Lord Walker observed that as
Offshore 離岸
time moves beyond the reasonably near
The balance sheet test future, a balance sheet test becomes
“the only sensible test” because “any
and its significance to attempt to apply a cash-flow test will
offshore jurisdictions become completely speculative”. His
The mechanics and process of the Lordship held that “whether or not
balance sheet test in the context of the test of balance-sheet solvency is
satisfied must depend on the available
evidence as to the circumstances of the
particular case”, and approved Toulson
LJ’s statement of the test in the Court of
Appeal as follows:
“Essentially, section 123(2) requires
the court to make a judgment whether
it has been established that, looking
at the company’s assets and making
proper allowance for its prospective
and contingent liabilities, it cannot
reasonably be expected to be able to
meet those liabilities. If so, it will be
deemed insolvent although it is currently
able to pay its debts as they fall due. The
more distant the liabilities, the harder
this will be to establish.”
At the same time, Lord Walker
categorically rejected the “point of no
return test” which had been adopted
by Lord Neuberger MR in the Court
of Appeal, and emphasised that this
phrase “should not pass into common
usage as a paraphrase of the effect of
section 123(2)”.
The Eurosail decision highlights the
differences between the insolvency
tests in the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”)
and the Cayman Islands. The test in

www.hk-lawyer.org   59
 •  August 2013

the BVI is similar to the test in the 出的適當撥備，然後判斷是否可以釐定 Procedure Rules (“CPR”) allowing
UK in that it encompasses both cash 無法合理預期該公司有能力履行該等債 for the court to grant security for
flow and balance sheets tests, and 務。若為如此，雖然該公司目前能夠在 costs where inter alia “the claimant is
hence the additional dimension in the ordinarily resident out of the jurisdiction”
債務到期時償還債務，但該公司仍應被
Court’s analysis in the Eurosail case is (CPR 24.3(g)). Justice Bannister held
視為無力償債。債務的到期日越遠，就
something that the BVI courts are likely that the Courts of the BVI would need
to take judicial notice of. 越難作出上述釐定。」 compellingly persuasive reasons to
此外，法官Walker明確否決大法官 award security for costs on the ground
The relevant legislation in the Cayman
of foreign residence alone.
Islands, on the other hand, does not Neuberger MR在上訴庭採用的「極限點
include a balance sheet test, although 測試」，並且強調這個用語「不得普遍 He affirmed the application of the
there remains some scope for the 用作第123(2)條之效力的詮釋。」 European Convention on Human
Cayman Islands court to consider Rights in the BVI. The modern
the future debts of the company in Eurosail一案的判決凸顯英屬維爾京群 English approach to security for
determining whether a company is 島(「BVI」)與開曼群島之間的無力償 costs, developed in light of the
unable to pay its debts as they fall due. 債測試差異。與英國類似，BVI的測試 Convention, and set out in Nasser v
涵蓋現金流及資產負債表測試，因此 Bank of Kuwait [2001] EWCA 556,
- Walkers is to allow only the additional costs
BVI法庭可能會對該法庭在Eurosail一案
of overseas enforcement as security,
中深入層面的分析予以司法認知。另一
資產負債表測試及其對離岸 rather than the full costs of the
方面，開曼群島的相關立法並不包括資 substantive proceedings, so as to avoid
司法管轄區的重要性 產負債表測試，但開曼群島法庭在釐定 discrimination against claimants on the
在最近的BNY Corporate Trustee Services 一家公司是否無法在債務到期時償還債 basis of foreign residence. However, in
Ltd訴Eurosail-UK-2007-3BL plc 1 WLR 務的過程中，仍然會考慮該公司的未來 the BVI the CPR permits the costs of
1408一案中，英格蘭及威爾士高等法院 債務。 the BVI proceedings alone to be held as
security, and therefore the approach in
在審議一家公司是否屬於無力償債時，
- 滙嘉開曼羣島律師事務所 Nasser could not be followed.
檢討了資產負債表測試的機制及流程。
在該案中，Eurosail-UK-2007-3BL plc Justice Bannister held that: (1) the
underlying risk against which an order
(「Eurosail」) 發行了獲授不同優先級
for security is made is that enforcement
別的貸款票據，該等票據規定，倘若 Security for costs against in the foreign jurisdiction will be so
Eurosail被視為無法在債務到期時償還債 claimants resident problematic that it is necessary to
務(即現金流測試，定義見1986年英國無 outside the BVI protect the defendant; and (2) the
力償債法第123(1)或(2)條)，則會發生「 absence of reciprocal enforcement
In a recent decision of the High Court provisions between the BVI and the
違約事件」。隨後，Eurosail資不抵債，
of the British Virgin Islands (“BVI”) with jurisdiction in which the claimant is
雖然該公司繼續竭力償還債務，但排名較 important implications for claimants ordinarily resident cannot of itself be a
低的票據持有人認為已經發生票據項下的 resident in the PRC (Wang Zhongyong ground for ordering security.
違約事件。 & Others v Union Zone Management
Limited & Others BVIHC (COM) 0126 Applying this reasoning, and relying
在審議該公司是否被視為無力償債的過 on evidence from PRC lawyers stating
of 2011), the judge declined to grant
程中，法官Walker留意到，在中長期內而 security for the defendants’ costs that (1) enforcement of a BVI judgment
言，資產負債表將是「唯一合理的測試」 against PRC resident claimants, may be sought in the PRC, and (2)
，因為「採用現金流測試的任何嘗試純屬 despite provision in the BVI a party who has successfully sought
投機行為」。大法官裁定，「資產負債表 Civil
償付能力測試是否可取，須取決與特定案
件具體情況有關的證據」，並且在上訴庭
上批准Toulson LJ的以下測試聲明：

「本質上而言，第123(2)條要求法庭考慮
該公司的資產以及為其潛在及或然債務作
Cayman Islands Grand Court Building
開曼群島大法院大樓
60  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • INDUSTRY INSIGHTS 業 界 透 視

enforcement is able to recover the costs 援引這一理由，並依據中國律師所提出的

from the other side, the application for 證據，表明：(1)英屬維爾京群島法院的
security was refused. 判決可以尋求在中華人民共和國強制執
- Harneys 行﹔及(2)成功尋求強制執行的一方，可
以向另一方追討訟費。法院因此拒絕接納
要求並非居於英屬維爾京群 提供訟費保證的申請。

島的申索人提供訟費保證 - 衡力斯
根據英屬維爾京群島高等法院近期所頒布
REUTERS/Rick Wilking
的一項對居於中國的申索人具有重要影
響的裁決中(Wang Zhongyong & Others
PRC 中國內地 核數師就中國公司欺詐的訴
v Union Zone Management Limited &
Others BVIHC (COM) 0126 of 2011)， Auditors to pay US$4.2 訟支付420萬美元進行和解
法官拒絕接納各被告人以申索人居於中 million to settle Chinese 三名核數師，包括一些香港實體，已同
國為理由，要求申索人提供訟費保證， company fraud lawsuit 意支付合共420萬美元(3,260萬港元)的
儘管在英屬維爾京群島的《民事訴訟程 金額，就它們因為未能對一家中國信息
Three auditors, including Hong Kong
序規則》(「 C P R 」 )中有條文規定，允 科技公司—中國專家科技公司—所錄得
entities, have agreed to pay a total
許法庭在包括「 申索人通常居於本司法 of US$4.2 million (HK$32.6 million) 的數百萬美元收入進行核查而面對的申
管轄權範圍以外」 的情況下，要求申索 to settle claims they failed to check 索進行和解。
人提供訟費保證(CPR 24.3(g))。Justice millions of dollars in revenue recorded
在提起了一連串與在美國證券交易所上市
Bannister裁定，英屬維爾京群島法院需 by Chinese information technology
的中國公司之會計問題有關的投資者訟案
要獲得非常具說服力的理由，才可以單 company China Expert Technology Inc.
及強制執行訴訟之後，該項協議標誌著最
純以在外地居住為理由判給訟費保證金。 The accord marked the latest 新的發展。
development in a string of investor
他確認了《歐洲人權公約》在英屬維爾京 總部設在深圳的中國專家科技公司，其
lawsuits and enforcement actions
群島的適用。英國對訟費保證金的現代處 投資者透過紐約聯邦法院向各核數師的
related to accounting problems at
理方式(其以《歐洲人權公約》為依據， 聯屬公司德豪國際會計師事務所(B D O
Chinese companies listed on US stock
並於Nasser v Bank of Kuwait [2001] exchanges. International)及PKF國際審計組織(PKF
EWCA 556一案中述明)，是只批准就海 International)提出申索。立信會計師事務
Investors in China Expert Technology,
外強制執行法庭裁決所招致的額外訟費 所將會支付225萬美元﹔大信梁學濂(香
which is based in Shenzhen, made
提供保證，而並非實質法律程序所涉及 the claims in federal court in New 港)會計師事務所(PKF Hong Kong)將會
的全部訟費，從而避免以申索人居於外 York against affiliates of auditors BDO 支付175萬美元，而大信梁學濂(紐約)會
地為由，造成對申索人的歧視。但是， International and PKF International. 計師事務所(PKF New York)則將會支付
英屬維爾京群島的《民事訴訟程序規 BDO will pay US$2.25 million. 20萬美元。
則》允許單純就英屬維爾京群島的法律 PKF Hong Kong will pay US$1.75
million, while PKF New York will pay 該項和解協議涵蓋大信梁學濂(香港)會計
程序所涉及的訟費，要求某一方提供訟
US$200,000. 師事務所(PKF國際審計組織的一家聯屬
費保證。因此， Nasser 一案的處理方式
公司)，而該所在2003年及2004年進行
並不能被遵從。 The settlement covers PKF Hong Kong,
核數﹔大信梁學濂(紐約)會計師事務所
an affiliate of PKF International, which
Justice Bannister裁定：(1)法庭作出提 為一家設於紐約的P K F 聯屬公司﹔而香
performed audits in 2003 and 2004;
供訟費保證的命令以避免出現相關風險的 PKF New York, a New York-based 港立信德豪會計師事務所有限公司(BDO
原因，是由於在外國司法管轄區實施強制 affiliate of PKF; and BDO Limited, the Limited)(德豪國際會計師事務所的香港分
執行將會存在許多問題，因此必須給予被 Hong Kong arm of BDO International, 支機構)是在2005年及2006年為該公司
告人保護﹔及(2)即使英屬維爾京群島與 which audited the company in 2005 and 進行核數。
申索人所通常居住的司法管轄區之間並無 2006.
訂立交相強制執行規定，但它本身不能成 - 路透社新聞
- Reuters News
為命令提供訟費保證的理由。

www.hk-lawyer.org   61
 •  August 2013

China approves Shanghai 幣兌換試驗的自由貿易區。 This came even while the number of
deals announced worldwide for the first
new yuan pilot zone 北京已經批准在位於深圳南方新興發展地
half of the year was 16,808, down from
China has formally approved the 帶，並與香港遙遙相對的前海建立一個自 nearly 18,000 in the first half of 2012.
establishment of a free trade zone that 由貿易區，進行人民幣國際化的試驗。前 The value of deals totaled US$996.8
will trial yuan convertibility in Shanghai, 海發展區由中國人民銀行負責管理，現時 billion, a 13% drop from 2012 levels and
the official China Daily reported early 批准香港銀行向在該發展區的內地企業提 the slowest first half since 2009.
July.
供以人民幣計價的跨境貸款。 The energy and power sector was the
Beijing has already allowed the creation most active during the first half of
國家媒體在6月初曾報導稱，批准上海設
of one free trade zone experimenting 2013, commanding 15%, according to
with yuan internationalisation in 立自由貿易區是迫在眉睫，但對於目前正 Thomson Reuters’ data.
Qianhai, near the southern boomtown of 在考慮的政策措施之確切性質，其具體細
Los Angeles law firm Latham & Watkins
Shenzhen and across from Hong Kong. 節卻仍是付之闕如。然而，該報導稱該發
ranked No. 2 for the highest-value deals
The Qianhai zone, which is administered 展區也將會有助集中物流和通信資產，並 announced worldwide in the first half,
by the People’s Bank of China, now 將會向區內的企業提供稅務優惠。 advising on 103 mergers worth US$113
allows banks from Hong Kong to offer
billion, while Skadden, Arps, Slate,
cross-border yuan-denominated loans 中國的新領導層已表示，他們希望在未來
Meagher & Flom ranked No. 3, advising
to mainland companies in the zone. 數年加快人民幣可完全兌換的步伐，作為
on 84 mergers worth US$107 billion,
State media had reported in early 推動人民幣在貿易中使用，並支持更廣泛 according to Thomson Reuters.
June that approval of the Shanghai 金融改革等方面所作努力的其中一部分。
zone was imminent, but details were - Reuters News
由於關注到上海可能會落後於作為其金融
scarce on the precise nature of the
policy initiatives being contemplated. 中心競爭對手的香港和台灣等的跨境人民
幣金融服務發展，上海官員因此已在穩步
Davis Polk律師事務所在全
However, the report said the zone would
also serve to concentrate logistics and 游說中國政府的內閣— 中國國務院批准 球併購交易業務中排名第一
communications assets and provide tax 其進行資本賬戶自由化和人民幣自由兌換 根據湯森路透所編制及公佈的季度資料，
advantages to resident firms. 等試驗項目。 在併購活動於2 0 1 3 年上半年呈現低迷
China’s new leaders have signalled they 後，總部設於紐約的律師事務所 D a v i s
want to quicken the process of making - 路透社新聞
Polk & Wardwell，成為在這一業務範疇
the yuan fully convertible over the next
中位居前列的法律顧問。
few years, as part of efforts to boost
the currency’s use in trade and support Professional Practice 該律師事務所共聘有8 0 0 名律師。它為
wider financial reforms. 全球53宗已公布的兼併提供法律意見，
專業實務
Shanghai officials have been steadily 價值共1,200億美元(9,300億港元)，與
lobbying China’s State Council - the Davis Polk ranks No. 1 2012年上半年為49宗，價值合共437億
country’s cabinet - for permission to worldwide in M&A 美元的交易提供法律意見相比，金額幾乎
open a pilot project to experiment with
capital account liberalisation and yuan
rankings 為其三倍。

convertibility, concerned that the city After a sluggish first half of M&A activity 儘管如此，所宣布的全球今年上半年的交
could be left behind as rival financial in 2013, New York-based Davis Polk 易數量為16,808宗，比2012年上半年的
centres, such as Hong Kong and Taiwan, & Wardwell emerged as the top legal 近18,000宗有所下降。其交易總金額為
move to develop cross-border yuan advisor in this practice area, according to
9,968億美元，與2012年的水平比較下
financial services. quarterly data compiled and published
降了13%，並且是2009年以來最慢的一
by Thomson Reuters.
- Reuters News 個上半年。
The 800-lawyer firm advised on 53
announced mergers around the world 根據湯森路透的資料，在2013年上半年
中國批准上海設人民幣試點區 worth US$120 billion (HK$930 billion), 期間，最活躍的行業是能源和電力業，共
almost triple the US$43.7 billion for 49 有15%的增幅。
官方的「英文中國日報」於七月初報導
deals it advised on during the first half
稱，中國已正式批准在上海設立進行人民 of 2012. 根據湯森路透的消息，在所公布的全球

62  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • INDUSTRY INSIGHTS 業 界 透 視

上半年各項交易共取得的最高價值中， rates, leaner staffing and broader 該報告載明直至六月底為止，共有39宗

洛杉磯的瑞生國際律師事務所 ( L a t h a m
& Watkins)排名第2，它為103宗合併
交易提供法律意見，價值合共1,130億美
元﹔而世達國際律師事務所
Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom)則排名第
3位，它就84宗合併交易提供法律意見，
價值合共1,070億美元。
services. 美國律師事務所的合併交易，而2008年
As demand has slowed since the 同期則共有44宗。
recession, they said, big law firms like 根據阿爾特曼-威爾的資料，進行合併的
(Skadden, DLA Piper, Baker & McKenzie, Morrison
律師事務所— 無論其為收購對方業務還
& Foerster and others have become
是其業務被收購的，均屬於中小型律師事
more willing to do middle-market
work to boost revenue, and they have 務所，而所聘用的律師人數，則在10至
encroached on business traditionally 300名之間。

- 路透社新聞 done by regional law firms.

但當中也有例外情況。例如，芝加哥

- Reuters News 的貝克‧麥堅時律師事務所(Baker &

McKenzie)共聘有4,000名律師，它在4
US law firm mergers 月收購了總部位於迪拜，共聘有45名律
highest in first half 美國律師事務所自2008年
師的Habib Al Mulla律師事務所。
since 2008 以來合併數目最高的一個上
半年 歐華律師事務所(DLA Piper)的美洲聯席
Mergers among US law firms for the first
主席Roger Meltzer稱﹕「在市場份額方
six months of 2013 reached their highest 路透社上週報導稱，法律管理諮詢公司阿
面，律師事務所之間每天都在進行著陣地
number in five years, according to a 爾特曼-威爾(Altman-Weil)的一份報告指
戰。」該所通過合併和收購，以及向其業
report by legal consultancy Altman Weil, 出，在2013年的首六個月，美國律師事
as smaller firms deal with a tougher 務競爭對手(即其他律師事務所)的合夥人
務所之間進行合併的數目，是五年以來最
market. 進行挖角，近年來其業務發展相當迅速。
高，原因是規模較小的律師事務所正面對
The report, listed 39 US law 更為嚴苛的市場境況。 許多律師和法律專家說，合併情況的增
firm mergers up to the end of June, 加，標誌著眾多規模較小的律師事務所需
compared to 44 in the same period of 要擴充人手，使其得以與實力較強的對手
2008. 進行競爭，而後者正日益透過減收費用、
Most of the firms involved in the 精簡人手，以及提供更廣泛服務來爭奪前
mergers - both the acquiring 者的客戶。
businesses and the ones they acquired
- were small to midsize firms that 他們指出由於法律服務需求在經濟不景氣
staffed between 10 and 300 lawyers, 後開始下降，因此諸如歐華律師事務所、
according to Altman Weil. 貝克‧麥堅時律師事務所、美富律師事務

But there were exceptions. The 所(Morrison & Foerster)，以及其他大型

4,000-lawyer Baker & McKenzie in
Chicago took over the 45-lawyer Dubai-
based Habib Al Mulla in April.
“There is trench warfare every day for
market share,” said Roger Meltzer, the
co-chairman of Americas at DLA Piper,
which has grown rapidly by mergers and
acquisitions and poaching partners from
competitor law firms in recent years.
律師事務所，都開始較為傾向爭取中間市
場的業務來增加收入，而目前它們已經入
侵傳統上由地區律師事務所處理的業務。
- 路透社新聞
Feel free to write in to us with more short contributions on latest industry developments and
trends. Simply contact the editor at: vince.chong@thomsonreuters.com
本刊歡迎各位提交短篇文章，廣大讀者分享業界的最新發展和動態。請與本刊編輯聯絡，
電郵: vince.chong@thomsonreuters.com

Numerous lawyers and legal experts
said the rise in mergers signaled the
need of many smaller firms to inflate
their numbers in order to compete with
larger rivals, who have increasingly gone
after their clients by offering reduced
The information provided here is intended to give general information only. It is not a complete
statement of the law. It is not intended to be relied upon or to be a substitute for legal advice in
relation to particular circumstances.
本欄所提供的資訊僅屬一般資訊，並不構成相關法律的完整陳述，亦不應被依賴為任何個案中
的法律意見或被視作取代法律意見。
For full Reuters reports, please visit reuters.com 如欲查閱路透社的完整報導，請瀏覽 reuters.com

www.hk-lawyer.org   63
HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013

CASES IN BRIEF
案 例 撮 要
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW would continue on any other measures
that would alleviate villager concerns.
行政法
About two years later, X applied for
leave to judicially review the Director’s
Wu Yuk Wah Ben v Director of Hong
decision to construct the Radar on the
Kong Observatory [2013] HKEC 520
ground of a legitimate expectation
Court of Appeal
that the choice of site was still open for
Civil Appeal No 208 of 2012 reconsideration. This was refused and X
Kwan, Fok and Barma JJA appealed.
9, 17 January 2013
Held, dismissing the appeal, that inter
出申請，在某鄉村興建新的機場多普勒
alia:
Weather radar in applicant’s 天氣雷達（下稱「雷達」）以取代舊有
There could be no doubt that 的雷達。雷達負責偵測具危險性的風切
village — no legitimate
explanations explicitly conveyed that
expectation to alternative site 變，確保來往機場的飛機安全升降。儘
the specified site was the only viable one
管有某村民（下稱「申請人」）和其他
The Director of the Hong Kong for the construction of the Radar. There
村民以新雷達會破壞該村的風水為理由
Observatory (the “Director”) applied was no subsequent correspondence or
for permission to replace in a village a other communications that could have 提出反對，但城市規劃委員會批准了台
Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (the given rise to an alternative legitimate 長的申請。在台長及商務及經濟發展局
“Radar”). The Radar detects hazardous expectation. X’s leave application was （下稱「當局」）與村民協商後，當局
windshear that alerts aircraft coming to seriously out of time, and the application 局長通知村民，考慮過所有地點後，其
and from the airport. Notwithstanding was entirely unmeritorious. The fact that 中包括由村民建議的4個地點，只有選址
objections from a villager (“X”) and a party had a right to appeal was not 在技術上適合興建雷達。然而，政府會
other villagers, based on concerns the a reason for exercising it in a hopeless
考慮支付躉符（即淨化儀式）的費用，
new Radar would adversely affect the case.
並繼續與村民就任何其他可減輕他們憂
village’s fortunes, or fung shui, the Town
慮的措施進行商討。事隔約兩年，申請
Planning Board approved the Director’s 上訴法庭
application. Following consultations 人就台長興建雷達的決定，向法庭提出
高等法院民事上訴2012年第208號 進行司法覆核的許可申請，理由是他們
between the Director, the Commerce
and Economic Development Bureau 高等法院上訴法庭法官關淑馨、霍 有合理期望以為選址仍可更改。法庭拒
(the “Bureau”) and the villagers, the 兆剛及鮑晏明 絕有關申請，申請人提出上訴。
Secretary for the Bureau informed the 2013年1月9、17日 裁決 - 駁回上訴，除其他事項外：
villagers that of all locations considered,
including four by the villagers, the 毫無疑問，有關解釋已明確表明有關選
site was the only one suitable from a 在申請人所屬鄉村興建天氣雷達 址是興建雷達的唯一可行地點，此後亦
technical perspective. The Government – 沒有合法期望去取代 沒有任何通信或其他溝通有機會引起另
would however consider paying tun fu,
香港天文台台長（下稱「台長」）提 一個合理期望。申請人的許可申請嚴重
or cleansing ritual, fees, and discussions

64  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • CASES IN BRIEF 案 例 撮 要

逾時，而且該申請毫無理據可言。訴訟 預贈假定—在香港適用於母親和
一方有上訴的權利，但這並非在無望的 成年子女之間的關係—母親其後
情況下仍行使該權利的理由。 的行為是否可接納作推翻這項推
定的證據
一名母親和她的兒子（下稱「第二被告
CIVIL PROCEDURE
人」）在某銀行持有5個聯名帳戶，倘
民事訴訟程序 任何一方去世，戶口的餘款由尚存一方
擁有。該名母親於2010年6月確診患上
Nanyang Commercial Bank Ltd v
癌症，並於其後要求銀行把該等帳戶凍
Personal Representative of Vannee
Nativivat [2013] HKEC 450 結。在2010年12月，母親通知銀行該等
帳戶中的款項僅屬於她個人，而與第二
Court of First Instance
被告人開立聯名帳戶是為方便起見。母
Miscellaneous Proceedings No 2027 Held, dismissing D2’s appeal, that, 親於2011年6月去世，留下兩份遺囑：
of 2011 inter alia:
一份的日期為2004年，當中委任了第二
Anthony To J in Chambers
Both the presumptions of advancement 被告人作為遺囑執行人之一；另一份的
19 December 2012, 27 March 2013 and of resulting trust were evidential 日期為2010年12月，當中剝奪了第二被
tools whose weight varied with the 告人的繼承權，並委任他三名兄弟姐妹
Presumption of advancement circumstances; they could only be
（統稱為「第一被告人」）作為遺囑執
— applied in Hong Kong raised in the absence of evidence of
行人。第二被告人指他作為有關帳戶剩
to relationship between parties’ intention or where the evidence
下的唯一實益擁有人，有權獲得該等帳
mother and adult child — was even. Where presumption of
advancement is concerned, where funds 戶。銀行提出互爭權利訴訟申請並獲法
whether evidence of mother’s
were placed into the joint account of 庭批准，法庭並下令有關帳戶的款項須
subsequent conduct admissible
an ageing parent and an adult child, 繳存法院以等候最終裁定。
to rebut presumption an inference might be drawn that the
裁決 - 駁回第二被告人的上訴，除其他
A mother (“M”) and her son (“D2”) arrangement was one of administrative
事項外：
held five joint accounts with a bank; convenience for the child to manage the
the balance would go to the survivor parent’s financial affairs rather than a 預贈的假定及歸復信託的假定均是舉證
in the event of either death. M was gift. Here, D1 and D2 each had a prima 的工具，它們所具的分量因應有關情況
diagnosed with cancer in June 2010 facie claim to the accounts and it was
而有所不同；只可在沒有證據證明訴
and subsequently asked to freeze hence only appropriate for the bank to
訟各方的意圖或訴訟各方的證據屬均等
the accounts. In December 2010, M bring interpleader proceedings, since it
informed the bank that the monies in the 時，方可提出此等假定。至於有關預贈
was difficult for it to decide which party
accounts belonged to her solely, with D2 had a better claim. Indeed, it would have 的假定，倘若資金被放到由年老父母及
made a joint holder for convenience. M risked being sued if it made a wrong 成年子女聯名持有的帳戶中，則或可推
died in June 2011; she left two wills, one decision or chose not to do anything. 斷為有關安排是行政上為方便子女管理
dated 2004 appointing D2 as one of the 父或母的財務事宜而設的安排，並不是
executors, and another dated December
原訟法庭 饋贈。在本案中，第一及第二被告人各
2010 disinheriting D2 and appointing
自對有關帳戶提出的申索的表面證據均
his three siblings (collectively, “D1”) as 雜項案件2011年第2027號
executors. D2 claimed he was entitled 成立，因此銀行提起互爭權利訴訟是唯
高等法院原訟法庭法官杜溎峰
to the accounts as their sole remaining 一合適的做法，因為要銀行決定哪一
（內庭聆訊）
beneficial owner. The bank applied 方的申索較有勝算，實屬難事。事實
and was granted an application for
2012年12月19日、2013年3月
上，如果銀行作出了錯誤的決定或選
interpleader proceedings and the 27日
擇甚麼事情也不做的話，它會面臨被
accounts were ordered to be paid into 起訴的風險。
court pending final determination, after
which D2 appealed.

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HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013

Daimler AG v Leiduck Herbert Heinz D’s evidence, he focused only on the 可能會較需要前往香港的壓力大的假
Horst [2013] HKEC 515 difficulties the plaintiff (“P”) would 設，亦屬錯誤，因為這項比較是無效
face if the order sought were granted; 的。被告人並不是試圖逃避來港：他
Court of Appeal
in any case, they were not intractable. 意欲來港，卻因健康狀況不佳而不能
Civil Appeal No 12 of 2013 The ultimate question was what best
前來。
Fok and Barma JJA achieves a just result for both parties,
24, 29 January 2013 and the judge’s refusal to permit D to 在更為基本的層面上，該法官對當事人
give evidence by video link involved an 之間損害所作的衡量評估是錯誤的。儘
injustice. 管他看到被告人的證據屬非常重要，但
Witness testimony — video
conferencing — refusal of leave 他只側重在有關申請獲批准會對原告人
上訴法庭 造成的困難；在任何情況下，該等困難
for only witness for defendants
to give crucial evidence via 高等法院民事上訴2013年第12號 並不棘手。最終的問題是，如何最能達

video link 高等法院上訴法庭法官霍兆剛及 致一個對雙方皆公正的結果，而該法官

鮑晏明 拒絕允許被告人透過視像連線系統作供
A defendant (“D”) sought leave to give
2013年1月24、29日 會造成不公正的情況。
evidence from Germany via video link.
This was supported by medical evidence
that D was virtually blind and immobile,
suffered various severe cardiac diseases Total Lubricants Hong Kong Ltd v
and lived in an old people’s home with Christophe de la Cropte de Chanterac
round-the-clock medical care. Further, [2013] HKEC 516
any attempt to travel to Hong Kong
Court of Appeal
would be hazardous to his health and
life, and was not advised. D would be the Civil Appeal No 37 of 2012
only witness whose evidence would be Yeung V-P, Kwan and Barma JJA
crucial but controversial. The judge in 6, 15 March 2013
the lower court refused the application,
證人證供—視像會議—拒絕讓被
ruling that it was not shown that it was Res judicata — cause of action
impossible for D to come to Hong Kong 告人唯一的證人透過視像連線系
estoppel — plaintiffs brought
to give evidence. 統作出關鍵證供的許可申請
claim on same cause of action,
Held, allowing the appeal, that: 被告人尋求法庭給予許可透過視像連線 but reformulated pleadings to
The judge erred in deciding not to allow
系統在德國作供。許可申請有醫學證據 correct deficiency identified by
D’s evidence via video link, as he had 佐證，證明被告人實際上已失明且行動 court
considered matters which were not in 不便，患有多種嚴重的心臟疾病，並居 In 2008, the plaintiffs (“Ps”) brought
the evidence, and were no more than 住在設有二十四小時醫療服務的安老院 proceedings against Defendants 1-4
speculation. The unopposed medical 中。此外，試圖前往香港會對其健康和 (“D1–4”) alleging breach of contractual,
evidence was that it would be harmful 生命構成危險，因此醫生並不建議他前 fiduciary and/or equitable duties in
for D to travel to Hong Kong. The judge 往香港。被告人是唯一的證人，其證供 defecting to and launching the fifth
also erred in his hypothesis that the defendant (“D5”) as a competitor; and
非常重要，但具爭議性。下級法院的法
stress of cross-examination would likely that D1–5 and a sixth defendant (“D6”)
官拒絕了有關申請，裁定無跡象顯示被
be greater than that of having to travel participated in an unlawful means
告人無法來港作證。
to Hong Kong as this comparison was conspiracy. The judge in the lower court
not valid. D was not seeking to avoid 裁決 - 批准上訴： held that while a proposed amended
coming to Hong Kong: he desired to do statement of claim was not an abuse of
so but could not because of ill health. 該法官不准許被告人透過視像連線系統
process, it did not disclose a reasonable
作供的決定是錯誤的，因為他所考慮的
More fundamentally, the judge’s cause of action based on inter alia
事宜並不在證據中，只是猜測而已。未 unlawful means conspiracy, and struck
assessment of the balance of prejudice
遭反對的醫學證據顯示前往香港對被告 out all claims in the statement of claim
as between the parties was flawed.
Despite seeing the crucial nature of 人有害。該法官指盤問時需承受壓力很 against D5–6 (the “2009 Judgment”).

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 August 2013 • CASES IN BRIEF 案 例 撮 要

Subsequently, the judge ruled that it 年判決，申索陳述書是否足夠的後果。

上訴法庭
followed the action against D5–6 was 他裁定，由於他已經剔除並撤銷申索
高等法院民事上訴2012年第37號
dismissed (the “2010 Judgment”). Ps 陳述書中針對第五及第六被告人的所有
then successfully sought to re-amend 高等法院上訴法庭副庭長楊振權、
申索，故此針對他們的訴訟必須予以撤
the statement of claim against D1–6 高等法院上訴法庭法官關淑馨及
銷。2012年判決解決了非法手段串謀的
(the “2012 Judgment”) such that D5–6 鮑晏明
狀書是否充足的問題，當中主要的不同
were brought back into the action. The 2013年3月6、15日 之處在於，作出修訂是為了糾正狀書的
judge rejected D5–6’s objection to
不足之處；並且該法官裁定，它符合了
the amendments based on abuse of
既判案件—訴訟因由不容反悔— 狀書的要求。
process and res judicata, namely that Ps
were trying to resurrect the same claim 原告人等以相同的訴訟因由提出
被告人等提出較廣義層面的「既判案
of conspiracy which had already been 申索，但重新擬訂狀書以糾正由
件」原則論據亦不能成立。採用武斷方
dismissed, and D5–6 appealed. 法庭辨識的不足之處 法裁定由於某事宜本應在早前的訴訟中
Held, dismissing the appeal, that 2008年，原告人等提出針對第一至第四 提出而可能已在早前的訴訟提出，因此
inter alia: 被告人的法律程序，指他們投向及設立 在後來的訴訟中提出必屬濫用並絕對不
Cause of action estoppel did not apply 第五被告人成為原告人等的競爭對手， 可進行訴訟，實屬不當。
here. It was for D5–6 to show that 違反合約、受信及/或衡平法責任；並
the 2010 Judgment was obtained on 指第一至第五被告人及第六被告人參與
grounds or in circumstances which 以非法手段進行的串謀。下級法院的法 Lam Chi Tat Anthony v Lam Yee Wai
afforded them a defence to the 官裁定，雖然建議作出經修訂申索陳述 Andrew [2013] HKEC 425
subsequent claim advanced in the 書並不是濫用程序，但當中並沒有披露 Court of Appeal
reformulated pleading.
基於（除其他事項外）以非法手段進行 Civil Appeal No 139 of 2012
In the 2010 Judgment, the judge did not 串謀而提出的合理訴訟因由，並剔除陳
Fok, Lam and Barma JJA
consider anything other than the form 述書中所有針對第五及第六被告人的申
of the order to give effect to the 2009 25 March 2013
索（下稱「2009年判決」）。該法官其
Judgment and the consequences of the
後裁定，針對第五及第六被告人提出的
adequacy or otherwise of the statement Matters not expressly
訴訟因此應予以撤銷（下稱「2010年判
of claim in light of the 2009 Judgment. addressed in judgment — non-
決」）。其後，原告人等成功尋求再修
He held that as he had already struck compliance by litigants and
訂針對第一至第六被告人的申索陳述書
out and dismissed all the claims against legal advisers with duty to be
D5–6 in the statement of claim, the （下稱「2012年判決」），而第五及第
sanctioned by costs order
action against them must be dismissed. 六被告人亦因而重返訴訟中。第五及第
The 2012 Judgment addressed the 六被告人以濫用程序及「既判案件」（ Following his successful appeal, the
adequacy of the pleading of an unlawful 即原告人等試圖恢復已被撤銷的相同串 defendant (“D”) sought to include in the
means conspiracy, with the material formal order a paragraph for judgment
謀申索）為理由反對進行修訂，但被該
difference that amendments were made to be given in the sum of HK$30,497.50,
法官否決，第五及第六被告人於是提出
to correct the pleading deficiency; and along with interest. The plaintiff (“P”)
上訴。
the judge ruled that it satisfied the disagreed and argued that the order
pleading requirements. 裁決 - 駁回上訴，除其他事項外： should be drafted in strict accordance
with the terms of the judgment.
Ds’ arguments on res judicata in the 訴訟因由不容反悔不適用於本案。第五及
Held, granting D’s application, that:
wider sense also failed. It was wrong 第六被告人有責任證明2010年判決是根
to take a dogmatic approach and hold 據某些理由或在某些情況下所取得的，而 Whenever a party detected matters
that because a matter could have been 該等理由或情況為他們對隨後因重新擬訂 which were within the ambit of the
raised in earlier proceedings it should 狀書而出現的申索提供免責辯護。 legal proceedings but not expressly
have been, so that raising it in later addressed in the reasoned judgment,
proceedings was necessarily abusive 在2010年判決中，該法官除了以下事項 he or she should discuss with the other
and an absolute bar to litigation. 外，並沒有考慮任何其他事項：使2009 parties to what extent such matters
年判決生效的命令形式，以及因應2009 were consequential and uncontroversial.

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HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013
If parties could reach agreement, they
could submit a draft order (endorsed
with their consent) covering those
matters for the approval of the court.  If
the parties could not agree, and if one
party had good reason to believe that
the additional paragraph should not
be disputed, he or she could write to
the court with a draft order seeking
directions. However, in cases of serious
disputes, he or she should make
an application by summons. In the
meantime, the formal order would not
be perfected.
Here, P should have agreed to the
inclusion of the new paragraph in the
formal order. The order for payment was
consequential and P did not have any
bona fide ground to dispute the same.
Further, the new paragraph was within
the scope of the appeal.
Obiter Litigants and their legal advisers
should not be surprised that non-
compliance with their duty under Order
1A Rule 3 of the Rules of the High Court
(Cap. 4A, Sub.Leg.) would be visited by
costs pursuant to Order 62 Rule 5(1)(aa).
上訴法庭
高等法院民事上訴2012年第139號
高等法院上訴法庭法官霍兆剛、林
文瀚及鮑晏明
2013年3月25日
沒有在判決中明確處理的事宜—
訴訟人和法律顧問負有相關責
任，不遵守有關責任須受到訟費
命令制裁
被告人在成功上訴後，尋求在正式命令
中加入一段段落，內容是被告人獲判得
直可獲總額30,497.50港元及利息。原告
人不同意，認為該命令應嚴格按照判決
的條款草擬。
裁決 - 准許被告人的申請：
每當案中任何一方察覺到有事宜在法律
68  www.hk-lawyer.org
程序的範圍內，但沒有在附有理由的判
決中獲明確處理，他或她應與其他各方
就該等事宜的相應及不具爭議程度進行
商討。如各方能達成共識，他們可向法
庭呈交涵蓋該等事宜的草擬命令（須註
有他們的同意）作批准。如各方未能達
成共識，及如任何一方有充分理由相信
該額外段落不應該受到爭議，則他或她
可致函法庭並附以草擬命令尋求指示。
然而，如各方存在嚴重爭議，則他或她
on bail for possession of dangerous
應透過傳票提出申請。在此期間，正式
drugs. He had 24 previous convictions
命令不會予以完備。
for burglary spanning some 24 years
在本案中，原告人應同意在正式命令中 and had other convictions mainly for
drug offences. The judge in the lower
加入有關新段落。該付款命令屬相應
court adopted a starting point of four
的，而且原告人並無任何真誠的理由以
years on each of Charges 1 and 2, and
對此提出爭議。此外，有關新段落乃在
18 months on Charge 3 and, reduced for
上訴的範圍之內。
plea, sentenced D on each of Charges
（附帶意見）訴訟人及其法律顧問對於 1–2 to two years and eight months’
根據第62號命令第5(1)(aa)條規則，不遵 imprisonment, and on Charge 3 to one
守他們在《高等法院規則》（第4A章， year’s imprisonment. After considering
附屬法例）第1A號命令第3條規則下的 totality, four months of the sentence
責任，會被罰支付訟費一事，不應感到 on Charge 2, and two months of that
on Charge 3 were ordered to run
驚訝。
consecutively to that on Charge 1, with
the remainder to run concurrently,
making a total sentence of 38 months.
CRIMINAL 刑法 D applied for leave to appeal against
sentence.
HKSAR v Lau Hiu Man [2013] HKEC
451 Held, granting the application, and
substituting a sentence of 35 months’
Court of Appeal imprisonment, that, inter alia:
Criminal Appeal No 396 of 2012
The two burglaries were separate
Cheung CJHC and McWalters J and distinct, and it was not improper
27 March 2013 to regard the second as justifying an
additional period of imprisonment.
Assault occasioning actual However, the first burglary was one in its
bodily harm —defendant simplest form: there was no interference
with the premises and occupants, and
persistent offender— totality
the property stolen was not only trivial
principle
but also ultimately recovered. This
The defendant (“D”) pleaded guilty to required no more than three years’
two charges of burglary and one charge imprisonment.
of assault occasioning actual bodily
The second burglary resulted in D
harm (“AOABH”), when he caused
causing minor injury to an occupant, and
minor injury to someone while trying
the fact that the premises were occupied
to escape. D was then 38 years old and
was an aggravating factor that would
 August 2013 • CASES IN BRIEF 案 例 撮 要

行，餘下的刑期則同期執行，即總共監 Hong Kong, commits an offence if he is

禁38個月。被告人就判刑提出上訴許可 either a Hong Kong permanent resident
申請。 (“PR”) or ordinarily resides in Hong
Kong; or the victim is a PR or ordinary
裁決 - 准許有關申請，改判監禁35個 resides in Hong Kong. The defendant
月，除其他事項外： (“D”), a PR, was convicted of five
counts of sexual offences. He founded
兩項入屋犯法罪乃獨立及個別的，而且
a children’s home in mainland China
把第二項視為增加監禁刑期的充分理
(the “Home”) at which victims X and
由，並無不妥。然而，第一項入屋犯法 Y resided. D was a 49-year-old social
罪屬最簡單的一種：沒有侵擾有關處所 worker with a clear record, and he ran
和住戶，而且被盜的財物不僅微不足 the Home in his spare time. The lower
take the starting point for sentence 道，而且最終亦尋回。這種情況的所需 court sentenced him to a total sentence
beyond three years. But the fact that this 刑期不應多於3年。 of eight years’ imprisonment. D applied
for leave to appeal against convictions
was a repeat visit to the same premises
第二項入屋犯法罪引致被告人令住戶受 and sentence, arguing that inter alia the
should not be an aggravating factor.
輕傷，而且有關處所有人佔用是加刑的 extra-territorial effect of Section 153P
An 18-month starting point for AOABH 因素，令量刑起點超出三年。但再次到 discriminated against him as a Hong
was manifestly excessive, since D had 訪問同一處所不應是加刑因素。 Kong permanent resident, by violating
no intention to injure and the injury the right of equality before the law
was quite minor. An appropriate 由於被告人並無意圖作出傷害，而且該
under Article 25 of the Basic Law and
starting point for this was four months’ 傷害相當輕微，因此以18個月作為襲 entitlement to rights without distinction
imprisonment and reduced for plea to 擊致造成身體傷害罪的量刑起點明顯過 and protection against discrimination
two months and 20 days. 重。這種情況的適當量刑起點應是監禁 under Articles 1(1) and 22 of the Hong
4個月，因認罪而減刑至2個月零20天。 Kong Bill of Rights.
上訴法庭
Held, dismissing the application, that
高等法院刑事上訴2012年第396號 inter alia:
高等法院首席法官張舉能及高等法 HKSAR v Lee Kwok Wah Francis [2013] Under the United Nations Convention
院原訟法庭法官麥偉德 HKEC 735 on the Rights of the Child, Hong Kong
2013年3月27日 Court of Appeal was required to protect children from
sexual exploitation including child sex
Criminal Appeal No 30 of 2011
襲擊致造成身體傷害—被告人為 tourism. By criminalising sexual abuse
Cheung, Yuen and Chu JJA of children outside Hong Kong, Section
慣犯—整體量刑原則
16–17 October, 3 December 2012 153P pursued the legitimate aim of
被告人承認兩項入屋犯法罪及一項襲擊 preventing paedophiles who committed
致造成身體傷害罪（他試圖逃跑時導致 Jurisdiction in respect of acts such acts from going unpunished by
某人受輕傷）。案發時被告人38歲，因 returning to the territory.
committed outside Hong Kong
藏毒在保釋中。在過去約24年間，他 — sexual offences committed Section 153P(1)(b)(ii) applies to a sexual
已就入屋犯法罪被定罪24次，以及就 against children outside Hong act committed in relation only to a
其他罪行被定罪，主要為有關毒品的罪 Kong —whether extra-territorial person under the age of 16. Although
行。下級法院的法官就第一及第二項控 the lower court had erred in law by
effect unconstitutional —
罪，各以四年為量刑起點，並就第三項 directing the jury that it was immaterial
serious breach of trust
whether Y was under 16 or not when
控罪，以18個月為起點，因認罪而減刑
Under Section 153P of the Crimes she was indecently assaulted by D, this
後，就第一及第二項控罪各判處監禁2年
Ordinance (Cap. 200), a person did not affect D’s conviction. The jury
8個月，並就第三項控罪判處一年監禁。 who commits any act outside Hong was entitled to accept Y’s unchallenged
法官考慮過整體量刑後，下令第二項控 Kong against a child that would have evidence as to her age at the time of the
罪當中的4個月刑期及第三項控罪當中的 constituted an offence specified in offence, which was consistent with the
2個月刑期，與第一項控罪的刑期分期執 Schedule 2 had it been committed in opinion of the forensic pathologist.

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HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013

As for sentencing, the Court has to 包括涉及兒童的性旅遊活動。第153P條 A Nigerian (“X”), was permitted to enter
protect vulnerable trusting children 將在香港境外的性侵犯兒童的行為列為 and remain as a visitor in Hong Kong
and prevent them from sexual abuse from August 1994. From 31 March 1997,
刑事罪行，是為達致合法目標，即防止
which would lead to physical and he had conditional stay status as his
干犯該等行為的戀童癖好者藉返回香港
psychological trauma. Here, the offences wife’s dependant. On 20 May 2003,
境內而消遙法外。
were extremely serious given the facts, his application for unconditional stay
including one of the most serious 第153P(1)(b)(ii)條只適用於就未滿16歲 was approved. As he was entitled to
examples of breach of trust. Also, the 的人而作出的性行為。雖然下級法院對 a different identity card to reflect this
offences had damaged the reputation of status, he was given Form ROP1 for a
陪審團說Y被被告人性侵犯時是否未滿16
charitable organisations set up by Hong “permanent identity card/an identity
歲與控罪無關是一項錯誤的引導，但這
Kong people across the border. card”, on which he answered in the
並沒有對被告人的定罪造成影響。陪審
affirmative to the question “Have
團有權接納Y本人對其案發時的年紀所作 you been ordinarily resident in the
上訴法庭
的證供，而辯方沒有反對該證供，而且 HKSAR for a continuous period of not
高等法院刑事上訴2011年第30號
該證供與牙齒法證專家的意見亦相約。 less than seven years”. X was not told
高等法院上訴法庭法官張澤祐、袁 about permanent residence status or a
家寧及朱芬齡 至於刑期，法庭必須保護容易受傷害及
permanent identity card and was given a
容易信賴別人的兒童，避免他們被人性
2012年10月16-17日、12月3日 new identity card marked “U” to denote
侵犯，以致身體及精神受到創傷。在本 his unconditional stay status. In April
對在香港以外地方作出的行為的 案中，案情顯示有關罪行極為嚴重，其 2005, X was convicted of an offence and
中一項更是違反誠信情況最嚴重的類別 sentenced to three years’ imprisonment.
司法管轄權—在香港以外地方對
之一。此外，有關罪行令香港人在內地 On 29 March 2007, while X was in
兒童犯的性罪行—域外法律效力
建立的慈善事業的聲譽受損。 prison, he applied for verification of
是否違憲—嚴重違反誠信 eligibility for a permanent identity card
根據《刑事罪行條例》（第200章）第 but this was refused since time behind
bars does do not constitute ordinary
153P條，凡任何人在香港以外地方作出 IMMIGRATION 入境 residence for such purpose. On 22 May
任何作為，而該作為若是在香港作出即
2007, a deportation order was made
構成附表2指明的罪行，及該人身為香港
against him and since this could not
永久性居民（下稱「永久性居民」）或 be made lawfully against a Hong Kong
通常居於香港或受害人身為永久性居民 permanent resident, X brought judicial
或通常居於香港，則該人即屬犯罪。被 review proceedings, submitting that had
告人為永久性居民，被裁定5項性罪行罪 his May 2003 application for an identity
成。他在中國內地創立了一所兒童之家 card been referred for eligibility for
（下稱「該中心」），受害人X和Y在該 permanent residence status, he would
have been advised that his period of
中心居住。被告人49歲，職業是社工， Abayomi Bamidele Fayomi v Secretary
residence as a visitor did not constitute
無犯案紀錄，並在工餘時籌辦該中心。 for Security [2013] HKEC 526
ordinary residence. He would then have
下級法院判處他共8年的監禁。被告人就 Court of Appeal renewed his application during the
定罪及刑期提出上訴許可申請，指（除 Civil Appeal No 6 of 2010 period of his eligibility for permanent
其他事項外）第153P條違反《基本法》 residence verification. The judge in the
Stock V-P, Fok, Barma JJA
第25條下法律面前一律平等的權利及違 lower court dismissed X’s application,
10 January, 15 April 2013
反《香港人權法案》第1(1)及22條享有 finding that there was no prejudice
平等的權利及不受歧視的保護，對他身 as X was aware all along that he had
Permanent residence — only only unconditional stay status and had
為香港永久性居民之身分作出歧視。
incumbent to treat application failed to apply for a permanent identity
裁決 - 駁回申請，除其他事項外： as one for permanent identity card. X appealed and sought an order
card where applicant asserted of mandamus requiring the Director to
根據聯合國《兒童權利公約》，香港須
this process the ROP1 submitted on 20 May
保護兒童免被利用進行色情活動，當中

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 August 2013 • CASES IN BRIEF 案 例 撮 要

2003 as an application for permanent 31日起，他以妻子的受養人身份取得 的申請，但僅在該人以口頭或書面形式

residence status and as if made on 31 有條件限制居留的身份。在2003年5月 宣稱此屬他意願的情況下。
August 2004, being shortly before his 20日，他提出的無條件逗留申請獲批。
arrest. 倘若該申請顯然屬永久性居民身份證的
由於他有權取得另一張反映這個身份的
申請，則有關職責是將它視為永久性居
Held, allowing the appeal, that inter 身份證，故此他獲給予申請「永久性居
民身份證的申請，並將其轉介作核實。
alia: 民身份證/身份證」的表格ROP1，他就
然而，倘若情況並不明確，根據公平原
When he filled up Form ROP1, X had not 表格中「你曾否通常居於香港連續7年
則，有關職責僅是查詢、釐清有關申請
triggered a requirement for verification 或以上」的提問，回答「是」。申請人
屬表格標題所指的那一類身份證。
of permanent residence status; the 未獲告知關於永久性居民的身份或永久
application was for either a permanent
性居民身份證的事宜，並獲發一張註有
identity card or for an identity card for
a non-permanent resident. Moreover,
「U」的新身份證，以示他可無條件逗留 LAND 土地法
的身份。在2005年4月，申請人被裁定
it did not ask whether the applicant
had taken Hong Kong as his place of 罪名成立，判處監禁3年。在2007年3月 Hong Kong Hai Zhou Tong Xiang
permanent residence. There might be 29日，申請人在獄中服刑期間提出核實 Association Ltd v Ngai Shun Wah
many reasons why an applicant would 永久性居民身份證資格的申請，但被拒 [2013] HKEC 739
not so assert, such as loss of benefits 絕，理由是被監禁期間不構成用作該目 Lands Tribunal
in his home country. It was incumbent 的的通常居住。在2007年5月22日，當 Part IV Possession Application No
upon the registration officer to treat
局向他發出遞解離境令，由於對香港永 2125 of 2012
the ROP1 application by a non-Chinese
久性居民發出此命令並不合法，故申請 Judge Justin Ko
citizen as one for a permanent identity
人提出司法覆核程序，指倘若在2003年
card only where he asserted orally or in 30 November, 12 December 2012
writing that that was what he wanted. 5月呈交的身份證申請有獲轉介作永久性
居民資格核實，則他其時已然獲告知以 Tenancy not yet expired and
Where it was clear that the application
旅客身份居住期間並不構成通常居住， binding on landlord — whether
was one for a permanent identity card,
the duty was to treat it as such and refer 他亦會在合資格成為永久性居民期間更 individual directors of landlord-
it for verification. Where, however, that 新其申請。這被下級法院駁回，該法官 company had actual or
was not clear, fairness dictated only a 認為，儘管申請人一直知道他擁有可無 apparent authority to enter into
duty to enquire, to clarify, which of the 條件逗留的身份，但他並沒有提出永久 new agreement
identity cards referred to at the heading 性居民身份證的申請。申請人提出上
A clan association and registered
of the form was sought. 訴，並向法庭申請履行義務令，要求入 company (the “Landlord”), signed a
境事務處處長處理於2003年5月20日就 tenancy agreement to rent premises to
上訴法庭 永久性居民申請呈交的表格ROP1，猶如
高等法院民事上訴2010年第6號 該表格是在2004年8月31日即申請人被
高等法院上訴法庭副庭長司徒敬、 逮捕前呈交一樣。
高等法院上訴法庭法官霍兆剛及
裁決 - 批准上訴，除其他事項外：
鮑晏明
當申請人在填寫表格ROP1時，他並沒
2013年1月10日、4月15日
有觸發核實永久性居民資格的要求；有
關申請是為申請永久性居民身份證或非
永久性居民—如申請人作出宣
永久性居民身份證兩者而設。再者，該
稱，當局有責任將申請視為永久 表格並沒有詢問申請人是否以香港為永
性居民身份證的申請 久居住地。一名申請人何故不作出此宣
一名尼日利亞人（下稱「申請人」）在 稱可能有很多原因，例如失去祖國的福
1994年8月獲准進入香港境內，並一直 利。登記人員有責任將一名非中國公民
以旅客身份在香港逗留。從1997年3月 提出的ROP1申請視為永久性居民身份證

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HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013

a member of the clan association (the PROBATE 遺囑認證

土地審裁處
“Tenant”) from July 2008 to July 2012
(the “Original Agreement”). This was
條例第IV部收回管有申請2012年
Re Estate of Loo Che Chin [2013] HKEC
signed on behalf of the Landlord by 第2125號
377
a director (“P”), and was affixed with 土地審裁處法官高勁修
Court of First Instance
the Landlord’s seal. The Landlord split 2012年11月30日及12月12日
Caveat No 3131 of 2011
into two camps each convening its
own general meeting and electing its Jeremy Poon J in Chambers
租期尚未屆滿，對業主有約束
own directors but both camps elected 31 January, 15 March 2013
力—身為業主的公司的個別董
as their company directors X1-2. P
事是否有實際或表面權限訂立
brought proceedings against the Tenant
新協議 Executor — removal — whether
seeking possession based on the expiry
“necessary or convenient” to
of the tenancy and subdivision and 某同鄉會組織兼註冊公司（下稱「業
subletting of the premises in breach
pass over executor — passed
主」）簽訂了一份租約，將涉案物業租
of the agreement. The latter objected, over on basis of hostility
予該同鄉會組織的一名會員（下稱「租
claiming (1) that he had rented the between executor and
客」），租期由2008年7月至2012年
premises since 2008 and produced a beneficiaries which affected
7月（下稱「原租約」）。這份原租約
further agreement he had signed with administration
Xs, also affixed with the Landlord’s 由一名董事（下稱「該董事」）代表業
主簽署，並蓋上業主的印章。業主分成 The deceased (“X”) bequeathed his
company seal, to continue the tenancy
HK$1.2 billion estate in six equal shares
until July 2016 (the “New Agreement”); 兩派，各自召開會員大會，選出自己的
to his five children (including “C”
and that (2) the Landlord had been 董事，但兩派都選出X1及X2為公司董
and “J”) and son-in-law, and named
aware of and acquiesced in the 事。該董事提出針對租客的訴訟，要求
C as executor. The six beneficiaries
subdivision and subletting. 收回涉案物業，原因是租約期滿及因「
divided into two camps and J applied
Held, dismissing the application, that 劏房」及分租而違反租約。租客提出反 under Section 36 of the Probate and
inter alia: 對，指(1)他自2008年以來便租用涉案物 Administration Ordinance (Cap. 10)
業，並將另一份用以延續原租約至2016 for C to be passed over as executor on
In general, an individual director -
except a managing director - had 年7月的租約呈堂，該租約由他與X1及 the ground of necessity or convenience
no authority to enter into a contract X2簽訂，並蓋上業主的公司印章（下稱 based on hostility and a loss of mutual
on behalf of the company unless he 「新租約」）；以及(2)業主知道並一直 trust among the siblings.
was authorised by the board to do so. 默許「劏房」及分租。 Held, granting the application, that:
However, here, both X1–2 confirmed
裁決 - 駁回申請，除其他事項外： Friction or hostility between an executor
that they had been authorised to sign
and a beneficiary per se were not good
the New Agreement; even if they lacked 一般而言，個別董事（常務董事除外）
reasons for removing the executor. No
actual authority, they had apparent 除非獲得董事會授權，否則無權代表公
corrupt or improper motive was to be
authority. Besides, the Landlord had 司簽約。然而，在本案中，X1及X2均
imputed to the executor even if mutual
been receiving rent under the New 確認他們有獲授權簽訂新租約，即使他 hostility, without more, was established.
Agreement. 們沒有實際權限，也具有表面權限。此 However, hostility which affected the
The Landlord also knew and acquiesced 外，業主一直有收取新租約下的租金。 administration was a relevant factor and
in the subletting of subdivided units of an executor could be removed if, due
業主亦知道並默許把涉案物業的「劏房」
the premises and had even benefited to the hostility he was proved unfit to
分租他人，更從中獲得利益（即使用其
by using one for storage. Moreover, it perform his duties or a breakdown in the
had not issued a notice under Section 中一間房作士多房）。再者，申請人沒有
relationship had or could cause difficulty
58 of the Conveyancing and Property 按《物業轉易及財產條例》（第219章）
in the administration.
Ordinance (Cap. 219) complaining of 第58條向租客發出通知，投訴租客「劏
It was here necessary and convenient
the subdivision and subletting and 房」和分租及要求租客作出補救。
to pass over C as executor; there was
requiring the Tenant to remedy the
a complete breakdown in relations,
breaches.

72  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • CASES IN BRIEF 案 例 撮 要

mutual distrust and lack of

communication between C,
and J and her supporters.

The size of X’s estate

might also suggest that
the administration was not
as straightforward as C
contended, and continued
hostility could turn a simple
administration into drawn-
out and expensive litigation.
Since no steps had been
taken to administer the
estate nearly three years
since X’s death, appointing
independent accountants
nominated by C to do so
best served the parties’
interests.

Obiter: It was hoped that

henceforth legal advisors would exercise
第36條略去C作為遺囑執行人，理由是基 師管理有關遺產，是對各方利益的最佳
proper restraint in citing cases in
contested applications as to how the 於兄弟姐妹之間存在敵意和失去互信而 保障。
discretion under Section 36, which was 需要或方便略去C作為遺囑執行人。
附帶意見：法庭希望今後法律顧問在有
fact sensitive, should be exercised. The 裁決 - 准許有關申請： 爭議的申請中就如何行使第36條下的酌
cases were of guiding value and not
情權（此乃取決於案情而定）援引案例
straitjackets. 遺囑執行人及受益人之間不和或存在敵
時，行使適當的克制。案例具有指導價
意本身並不是將該遺囑執行人撤職的充
值，但並不是「緊身衣」。
分理由。即使僅相互敵對成立，亦不代
原訟法庭
表有任何歸於遺囑執行人的舞弊或不當
知會備忘2011年第3131號
的動機。然而，影響遺產管理的敵意則
高等法院原訟法庭法官潘兆初（內
是相關的因素，如果由於存有敵意，遺
庭聆訊）
囑執行人經證明不適宜履行職責，或關
2013年1月31日、3月15日
係破裂已經或可能導致管理遺產變得困
難，則他人可被撤職。
遺囑執行人—撤職—是否「需
要或方便」略去遺囑執行人— 在本案中，法庭認為需要或方便略去C作 For full summaries and
基於遺囑執行人和受益人之間 為遺囑執行人，而且C與J和她的支持者 judgments, please refer to
的敵意會影響遺產管理而略去 之間，關係已完全破裂、互不信任且缺 Westlaw and Hong Kong Law
乏溝通。 Reports & Digest at
遺囑執行人
此外，死者遺產的規模可能暗示遺產的 www.westlaw.com.hk
死者把12億港元的遺產分成六個等份，
管理並不如C辯稱那麼簡單，而且讓敵
遺贈予他五名子女（其中包括「C」和 就完整的摘要和判決書，請到
意持續下去可能會令簡單的遺產管理變
「J」）和一名女婿，並指名C為遺囑執 www.westlaw.com.hk參閱
成冗長且昂貴的訴訟。死者已去世近三
行人。六名受益人分成兩派，J申請按《 Westlaw及《香港法律彙報與
年，但C並沒有採取過任何步驟管理有
遺囑認證及遺產管理條例》（第10章） 摘錄》。
關遺產，因此委任由C提名的獨立會計

www.hk-lawyer.org   73
 •  August 2013
LEGISLATION UPDATES
立法新知
Ordinances 條例
• 2013/1 Appropriation Ordinance 2013--Ordinance No. 1 of
2013 - 《2013年撥款條例》----2013年第1號條例
• 2013/2 Pilotage (Amendment) Ordinance 2013 - 《2013年
領港(修訂)條例》
• 2013/3 District Councils (Amendment) Ordinance 2013 -
《2013年區議會(修訂)條例》
• 2013/4 Education (Amendment) Ordinance 2013--Ordi-
nance No. 4 of 2013 - 《2013年教育(修訂)條例》--2013
年第4號條例
• 2013/5 Inland Revenue (Amendment) Ordinance 2013--Or-
dinance No. 5 of 2013 - 《2013年教育(修訂)條例》--2013
年第5號條例
• 2013/6 Betting Duty (Amendment) Ordinance 2013--Ordi-
nance No. 6 of 2013 - 《2013年博彩稅 (修訂) 條例》--
2013年第6號條例
• 2013/7 Arbitration (Amendment) Ordinance 2013--Ordi-
nance No. 7 of 2013 - 《2013年仲裁 (修訂) 條例》--2013
年第7號條例
• 2013/8 Hong Kong Arts Development Council (Amend-
ment) Ordinance 2013--Ordinance No. 8 of 2013 - 《2013
年香港藝術發展局 (修訂) 條例》--2013年第8號條例
74  www.hk-lawyer.org
REUTERS/Bobby Yip
• 2013/9 Inland Revenue (Amendment) (No. 2) Ordinance
2013--Ordinance No. 9 of 2013 - 《2013年稅務 (修訂) (第
2號) 條例》--2013年第9號條例
• 2013/10 Inland Revenue and Stamp Duty Legislation (Alter-
native Bond Schemes) (Amendment) Ordinance 2013--Or-
dinance No. 10 of 2013 - 《2013年稅務及印花稅法例 (另
類債券計劃) (修訂) 條例》--2013年第10號條例
• 2013/11 Supplementary Appropriation (2012-2013) Ordi-
nance--Ordinance No. 11 of 2013 - 《追加撥款 (2012-2013
年度) 條例》--2013年第11號條例
• 2013/12 Air Pollution Control (Amendment) Ordinance
2013--Ordinance No. 12 of 2013 - 《2013年空氣污染管制 (
修訂) 條例》--2013年第12號條例
Legal Notices
Amendments to Ordinances/Subsidiary Legislation
• 2013/115 Arbitration (Appointment of Arbitrators and Me-
diators and Decision on Number of Arbitrators) Rules - 《仲
裁 (委任仲裁員及調解員和決定仲裁員人數) 規則》
• 2013/116 Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administra-
tive Region of the People’s Republic of China and Hong
Kong Court of Final Appeal--Resolution of the Legislative
Council - 《中華人民共和國香港特別行政區基本法》及
《香港終審法院條例》--立法會決議
 August 2013 • LEGISLATION UPDATES  立 法 新 知

• 2013/117 Legal Aid Ordinance--Resolution of the Legislative • 2013/131 Companies (Unfair Prejudice Petitions) Proceed-
Council - 《法律援助條例》--立法會決議 ings Rules - 《公司 (不公平損害呈請) 法律程序規則》

• 2013/118 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes (Contribu- • 2013/132 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance-
tions for Casual Employees) (Amendment) Order 2013 - -Resolution of the Legislative Council - 《強制性公積金計
《2013年強制性公積金計劃 (臨時僱員供款) (修訂) 令》 劃條例》--立法會決議

• 2013/119 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes (Contribu-
tions for Casual Employees) (Amendment) (No. 2) Order
2013 - 《2013年強制性公積金計劃 (臨時僱員供款) (修
訂) (第2號) 令》
• 2013/120 Import and Export (Strategic Commodities)
Regulations (Amendment of Schedule 1) Order 2013 (Com-
mencement) Notice - 《〈2013年進出口(戰略物品)規例 (
修訂附表1) 令〉(生效日期) 公告》
• 2013/121 Waterworks (Amendment) Regulation 2013 -
《2013年水務設施 (修訂) 規例》
• 2013/133 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance
(Amendment of Schedule 2) Notice 2013 - 《2013年強制性
公積金計劃條例 (修訂附表2) 公告》
• 2013/134 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance-
-Resolution of the Legislative Council - 《強制性公積金計
劃條例》--立法會決議
• 2013/135 Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance
(Amendment of Schedule 3) Notice 2013 - 《2013年強制性
公積金計劃條例 (修訂附表3) 公告》

• 2013/122 Designation of Libraries (Amendment) (No. 4) Others 其他

Order 2013 - 《2013年圖書館指定 (修訂) (第4號) 令》 • 2013/1 The Agreement between the Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China
• 2013/123 United Nations Sanctions (Côte d’Ivoire) Regula-
and Spain concerning Transfer of Sentenced Persons - 中華
tion 2013 - 《2013年聯合國制裁 (科特迪瓦) 規例》
人民共和國香港特別行政區和西班牙之間關於移交被判刑
• 2013/124 Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance--Resolution of 人的協定
the Legislative Council - 《藥劑業及毒藥條例》--立法會決
議

• 2013/125 Pharmacy and Poisons (Amendment) (No. 4)

Regulation 2013 - 《2013年藥劑業及毒藥 (修訂) (第4號)
規例》

• 2013/126 Poisons List (Amendment) (No. 4) Regulation

2013 - 《2013年毒藥表 (修訂) (第4號) 規例》

• 2013/127 Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance-

-Resolution of the Legislative Council--Companies (Model
Articles) Notice - 《釋義及通則條例》--立法會決議--《公
司 (章程細則範本) 公告》

• 2013/128 Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance-

-Resolution of the Legislative Council--Company Records
(Inspection and Provision of Copies) Regulation - 《釋義及
通則條例》--立法會決議--《公司紀錄 (查閱及提供文本)
規例》

• 2013/129 Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance-

-Resolution of the Legislative Council--Companies (Non-
Hong Kong Companies) Regulation - 《釋義及通則條
例》--立法會決議--《公司 (非香港公司) 規例》

• 2013/130 Companies Ordinance--Resolution of the Legisla-

tive Council - 《公司條例》--立法會決議

www.hk-lawyer.org   75
 •  August 2013

PROFESSIONAL MOVES
會員動向
Newly - Admitted Members 新 會 員
AU YEUNG KA DOU MEIJIA MCKENZIE GILLIAN
YIN 竇玫佳 LOUISE
歐陽嘉燕 SIMMONS &
O’MELVENY & SIMMONS
MYERS 西盟斯律師行
美邁斯律師事務所

BECKINGHAM AMY GRIMM DAVID QUISUMBING

ELIZABETH GRANT JAMES WILLIAM
PAUL HASTINGS CLIFFORD CHANCE
普衡律師事務所 高偉紳律師行

BERKELEY SARAH KILNER PETER SUSSMAN

SIMMONS & KENELM LAWRENCE
SIMMONS CLIFFORD CHANCE HOWARD
西盟斯律師行 高偉紳律師行

BOND ROBERT KING BRETTON WOOD IAN

ALEXANDER WILLIAM MATTHEW
ROOME PUHAR SIMMONS &
羅沛律師事務所 SIMMONS
西盟斯律師行

CHEN XIAOMING KOO CHE SING YEH DANIEL

陳晓鳴 BRYAN 葉以理
DLA PIPER HONG 顧至誠 WEIL, GOTSHAL &
KONG CLIFFORD CHANCE MANGES
歐華律師事務所 高偉紳律師行 威嘉國際律師事務所

CHEUK YET HIN LEPERE ANTHONY

CLARENCE DOUGLAS QUARTI
卓逸軒 ALLENS
WEIL, GOTSHAL & 安德慎律師事務所
MANGES
威嘉國際律師事務所

76  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • PROFESSIONAL MOVES  會 員 動 向

Partnerships and Firms

BLAKELY TIMOTHY SPENCER RODGER TAK
WILLIAM NORTON ROSE FULBRIGHT
合夥人及律師行變動
changes received as from 1 June 2013
MORRISON & FOERSTER HONG KONG
取自2013年6月1日起香港律師會所提供之最新資料
美富律師事務所 諾頓羅氏富布萊特

CHEUNG WAI SAN TAM KA WAI KELVIN

• CHAN CHUNG YIN VICTOR
張惠珊 譚嘉偉 ceased to be a partner of Tang, Wong & Cheung and
C/O NABARRO LLP LEUNG & LAU remains as a consultant of the firm as from 01/07/2013.
梁寶儀劉正豪律師行 陳仲然
CHIU KWAN YEE EUNICE
自2013年7月1日辭去鄧黃張律師事務所合夥人一職，但仍繼
趙君宜 THOMPSON LISA ANN 續擔任該行顧問一職。

CHUNG YUEN CHUN VIVIEN • CHAN YAT LEE
SIDLEY AUSTIN
鍾宛真 ceased to be a partner of C.L. Chow & Macksion Chan and
盛德律師事務所 remains as a consultant of the firm as from 08/07/2013.
HAMILTON HOLLY 陳一理
WU WEN JUN LUCY
JOCELYN 自2013年7月8日辭去周卓立陳啟球陳一理律師事務所合夥人
吳文君
HOLMAN FENWICK WILLAN 一職，但仍繼續擔任該行顧問一職。
LATHAM & WATKINS
夏禮文律師行 • CHAN YU TING RUBY
瑞生國際律師事務所
became a partner of Baker & McKenzie as from
JIANG XIAO 01/07/2013.
YANG CHUNLEI
姜 笑
楊春雷 陳玉亭
SIDLEY AUSTIN 自2013年7月1日成為貝克‧ 麥堅時律師事務所合夥人。
盛德律師事務所 YAU HAO LING • CHAPMAN SIMON JAMES
游鶴齡 became a partner of Herbert Smith Freehills as from
LEE YIH SIN EUGENE
18/06/2013.
李毓星
自2013年6月18日成為史密夫‧斐爾律師事務所合夥人。
LI XIAOHUI • CHEONG PUI FAN
李曉暉 passed away on 29/04/2013 and ceased to be the sole
practitioner of S.K. Wong & Lee and the firm closed on the
LONG MICHAEL JON same date.
HERBERT SMITH FREEHILLS 張培芬
史密夫‧斐爾律師事務所 於2013年4月29日逝世，之前為黃萃群.李鉅林律師行獨資經
營者，而該行亦於同日結業。
MASON ROBERT ANDREW
• CHEUNG YUK TONG
SIDLEY AUSTIN
ceased to be a partner of Baker & McKenzie and remains
盛德律師事務所 as a consultant of the firm as from 01/07/2013.
NYE CARMEL AMANDA 張玉堂
自2013年7月1日辭去貝克‧ 麥堅時律師事務所合夥人一職，
SMYTH & CO
但仍繼續擔任該行顧問一職。
SHERER MARINA BISS • CHEW PUI LAI PAULINE
NORTON ROSE FULBRIGHT became a partner of W.S. Szeto & Lee as from
HONG KONG 19/06/2013.
諾頓羅氏富布萊特 趙佩麗
自2013年6月19日成為司徒維新律師行合夥人。
SHIM SOO-JIN
沈秀真 • CHOI KIN CHEONG
ceased to be a partner of Fred Kan & Co. as from
WEIL, GOTSHAL & MANGES 19/06/2013, and joined Pang & Co. as a partner on the
威嘉國際律師事務所 same date.
崔建昌
自2013年6月19日辭去簡家驄律師行合夥人一職，並於同日
加入PANG & CO.為合夥人。

www.hk-lawyer.org   77
 •  August 2013

• CHUNG TSZ LEUNG JULIAN • LI TZE WAI EDWIN • TAYLOR MICHELLE ANN MARIE
ceased to be a partner of Ropes & became a partner of Baker & ceased to be a partner of Orrick,
Gray as from 12/06/2013, and joined McKenzie as from 01/07/2013. Herrington & Sutcliffe as from
White & Case as a partner as from 李子維 29/06/2013, and joined Jones Day
17/06/2013. 自2013年7月1日成為貝克‧ 麥堅時律 as a partner as from 01/07/2013.
鍾子良 師事務所合夥人。 譚敏曦
自2013年6月12日辭去羅普斯‧格雷律師 自2013年6月29日辭去奧睿律師事務
• LUI CHO TAK
事務所合夥人一職，並於2013年6月17日 所合夥人一職，並於2013年7月1日加
joined Peter Yuen & Associates as a
加入偉凱律師事務所為合夥人。 入眾達國際法律事務所為合夥人。
partner as from 12/06/2013.
• CLEAVER ROBERT PHILIP 雷祖德 • TORTOISHELL ANDREW
joined Linklaters as a partner as from 自2013年6月12日加入阮葆光律師事務 ceased to be a partner of Herbert
17/06/2013. 所為合夥人。 Smith Freehills as from 01/07/2013.
自2013年6月17日加入年利達律師事務所 鄧達信
為合夥人。 • MAK KA HON KEITH
自2013年7月1日辭去史密夫‧斐爾律
ceased to be a partner of Carpio, Mak
• FU KING HO 師事務所合夥人一職。
& To as from 17/06/2013.
ceased to be a partner of V. Hau & • VAN DALE JENNIFER A.
麥嘉漢
Chow as from 25/06/2013, and joined ceased to be a partner of Baker &
自2013年6月17日辭去賈麥陶律師事務
Fairbairn Catley Low & Kong as an McKenzie as from 01/07/2013.
所合夥人一職。
assistant solicitor as from 26/06/2013. 自2013年7月1日辭去貝克‧麥堅時律
符敬灝 • MELVILLE IAIN GORDON OGILVIE 師事務所合夥人一職。
自2013年6月25日辭去侯穎承周明寶律師 ceased to be a partner of Mayer
事務所合夥人一職，並於2013年6月26日 Brown JSM as from 24/06/2013. • WANG POEY FOON ANGELA
加入范紀羅江律師行為助理律師。 麥偉賢 ceased to be a partner of Bryan
自2013年6月24日辭去孖士打律師行合 Cave as from 17/06/2013 and
• FUNG PIK YIU LINDA remains as a partner of Angela
夥人一職。
commenced practice as the sole Wang & Co.
practitioner in the name of LF Legal as • NG GORDON 王培芬
from 17/06/2013. ceased to be a partner of O’Melveny & 自2013年6月17日辭去博凱律師事務
馮碧瑤 Myers as from 01/07/2013, and joined 所合夥人一職，並繼續擔任王培芬律
自2013年6月17日獨資經營新開業馮碧瑤 Brandt Chan & Partners as a partner 師事務所合夥人一職。
律師事務所。 as from 02/07/2013.
吳君棟 • WONG HUK KAM
• HO SEA MAN became a partner of JCC Cheung &
自2013年7月1日辭去美邁斯律師事務所
commenced practice as the sole Co., Solicitors as from 05/07/2013.
合夥人一職，並於2013年7月2日加入布
practitioner in the name of Ho &
英達陳永元律師行為合夥人。 王學今
Associates as from 19/06/2013.
自2013年7月5日成為張柱才律師事務
何思敏 • SANDSTAD BENJAMIN JOHN 所合夥人。
自2013年6月19日獨資經營新開業何氏律 joined DLA Piper Hong Kong as a
師事務所。 partner as from 02/07/2013. • WONG SHIU SANG
自2013年7月2日加入歐華律師事務所為 commenced practice as the sole
• HORMAN MICHAEL JAMES practitioner in the name of SSW &
合夥人。
became a partner of Baker & McKenzie Associates as from 08/07/2013.
as from 01/07/2013. • TAI YEN SHEE
黃劭甡
自2013年7月1日成為貝克‧麥堅時律師 ceased to be a partner of Paul
自2013年7月8日獨資經營新開業黃劭
事務所合夥人。 Hastings as from 15/06/2013.
甡律師事務所。
• HUTTON MARY ELLEN MCCONNELL 戴源旭
自2013年6月15日辭去普衡律師事務所 • WOOD IAN MATTHEW
ceased to be a partner of Withers and
合夥人一職。 joined Simmons & Simmons as a
remains as a consultant of the firm as
partner as from 01/07/2013.
from 01/07/2013. • TANG YAT KAN SANDY 自2013年7月1日加入西盟斯律師行為
自2013年7月1日辭去衛達仕律師事務所合 ceased to be a partner of Hastings & 合夥人。
夥人一職，但仍繼續擔任該行顧問一職。 Co. as from 29/06/2013, and joined
King & Company as a consultant as • WORTH HELEN MARGARET
• LI GUANG
from 02/07/2013. became a partner of Cordells as
joined Ropes & Gray as a partner as
鄧逸勤 from 01/07/2013.
from 17/06/2013.
自2013年6月29日辭去希仕廷律師行合 自2013年7月1日成為CORDELLS合夥
李光
夥人一職，並於2013年7月2日加入譚德 人。
自2013年6月17日加入羅普斯‧格雷律師
事務所為合夥人。 興程國豪劉麗卿律師行為顧問。

78  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • CAMPUS VOICES  法 學 院 新 聞

CAMPUS VOICES
法學院新聞
Visit by Representatives of
the Law Association, HKUSU
On 15 March, President Ambrose Lam, in
his then capacity as the Vice-President of
the Law Society; Mr. Stephen Hung, Vice
President and Chairman, Legal Education
Committee (“LEC”); and Mr. Charles Chau,
Council Member and LEC Member, met President Ambrose Lam (seventh from left); Vice President Stephen Hung (seventh from right); Mr. Charles Chau
(sixth from right); Ms. Yeung Sze, Ivy (eighth from the left); and the Executive Committee Members of the Law
with Ms. Yeung Sze, Ivy, Chairman, and Association, HKUSU (2013-14)
other Executive Committee members of 律師會會長林新強律師（左七）；律師會副會長熊運信律師（右七）；周致聰律師（右六）；楊思小姐（左八）；
及香港大學學生會法律學會2013至2014年度幹事會各成員
the Law Association, The University of
Hong Kong Students’ Union (“HKUSU”).
Established in 1969, the Law Association, 香港大學學生會法律學會 生會法律學會幹事會各成員。後者由其
HKUSU, is the official student organisation 幹事會成員到訪律師會 主席楊思小姐帶領到訪律師會。香港大
representing the voices of law students at 學學生會法律學會於1969年成立，是代
在3月15日，律師會會長林新強律師
The University of Hong Kong.
(當時以律師會副會長的身份)、律師會 表香港大學法律系學生發聲的官方學生
During the meeting, the leaders of 組織。
副會長及法律教育委員會主席熊運信
the profession shared their views on
professional development with the student 律師，以及理事會成員及法律教育委 會面期間，業界的領袖與各學生領袖分
leaders.  員會成員周致聰律師會見香港大學學 享他們對專業發展的意見。

led by him on 澳洲維多利亞大學教授到訪律

internationalising
師會
the Australian
law curriculum for 澳洲維多利亞大學的Duncan Bentley教授
enhanced global （左四）在5月16日到訪律師會，為專業
legal education 水準及發展常務委員會及法律教育委員
and practice. 會的成員簡述一項研究結果。研究項目
Participants from 由他率領，題目是為優化全球法律教育
the Law Society 和實務將澳洲的法律課程推向國際化。
included Mr. Stephen Hung, Vice
參與簡述的律師會成員包括：律師會副
Visit by Victoria University President and LEC Chairman (fourth
會長及法律教育委員會主席熊運信律師
from right); Mr. Charles Chau, Council
On 16 May, Professor Duncan Bentley Member and LEC Member (second （右四）；理事會成員及法律教育委員
of Victoria University, Australia from right); Ms. Bonita Chan (third 會成員周致聰律師（右二）；專業水準
(fourth from left), paid a visit to the from right) and Mr. Warren Ganesh 及發展常務委員會成員陳寶儀律師（右
Law Society to brief members of the (second from left), SCSD Members; Mr. 三）及Warren Ganesh律師（左二）；法
Standing Committee on Standards Adrian Wong (far left) and Mr. Nicholas 律教育委員會成員黃冠文律師（左一）
and Development (“SCSD”) and the Chan (third from left), LEC Members;
及陳曉峰律師（左三）；及專業水準及
Legal Education Committee (“LEC”) and Ms. Vivien Lee (far right), Director
on the findings of a research project 發展部總監李穎文律師（右一）。
of Standards and Development.

www.hk-lawyer.org   79
 •  August 2013

GROWING OLD WITH

TECHNOLOGY:
It’s App Appropriate
與科技一起成長：
為長者而設的應用程式
By Mark Miller Reuters
作者 Mark Miller 路透社

80  www.hk-lawyer.org

G etting old? There’s an app for that.
And a smartphone interface.
And a tablet device that lets family
members monitor your medication
schedule, send text messages and
share photos.
A major new wave of technological
innovation is aimed at helping people
stay in their homes as they grow older
and require care. These “age in place”
August 2013 •
products are coming from companies
ranging from tech mainstays like
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd to much
smaller tech startups.
The huge baby boom generation
and those that follow will provide a
vast and growing potential market
in the years ahead. For example, the
population of Americans older than
75 will hit 33.3 million in 2030, and
48.4 million by 2050, up from 18.8
million in 2010, according to the US
Administration on Aging (“AARP”).
And as much as 80% of boomers say
they want to stay in their home as they
age, according to AARP research.
Ms. Laurie M. Orlov, a tech industry
analyst, geriatric care specialist and
founder of research firm Aging in Place
Technology Watch, predicts that the
market will jump from US$2 billion
(HK$15.5 billion) in revenue today to
US$20 billion or more by 2020.
Won’t cognitive decline make
technology toys useless for many
seniors in their eighties and beyond?
Perhaps - but Ms. Orlov thinks most of
the future growth will be in products
like remote health monitoring that will
not require mastery from their users.
“Caregiving technology for family
members and healthcare professionals
will a big driver,” she says.
Not all of these products are aimed
directly at seniors. One of the most
impressive innovations that has come
to market lately is found buried inside
one of the hottest smartphones on the
market - the Samsung Galaxy S4.
The earlier iteration of this phone - the
S3 - already had a five-inch screen that
appealed to older users struggling
with poor eyesight. But the S4 adds an
“Easy Mode” that transforms it from
tech geek’s delight into a very simple
device. The icons are large and limited
to the most-used applications, like the
AFTER WORK 工 餘 閒 情
phone keyboard, text messaging and
Web browser.
The design of key applications also is
simplified, and it is easy to set up a
screen with a short list of frequently
called contacts (think children and
neighbours).
Samsung is not going out of its way
to market the S4 to seniors, says
Mr. Ryan Bidan, director of product
marketing for Samsung’s mobile
division.
“There’s a stigma on something that
is seen as an older person’s phone,”
he says.
“People want to be seen as using
the same technology as everyone else.”
A tablet for seniors
Mr. Geof Auchinleck took a different
tack when he developed the Claris
Companion, a tablet device launched
in June that is specifically designed for
seniors living at home who need some
level of care and monitoring.
Mr. Auchinleck started
his Vancouver, British Columbia-based
company after a 30-year career in
the medical device industry. The idea
came to him as he considered the
challenges of helping to support his
own mother, who is 92.
“It was hard for me to imagine her
using the Internet to get information
on her medications, or to use email…
The design challenge was how make
something that would work for
people who really have no interest in
technology,” he says.
Mr. Auchlinlek is convinced that
without change, caring for the elderly
will swamp the healthcare system.
“We can’t keep putting older people
into institutional care - we can’t afford
it, and it’s not the right thing to do,”
he adds.
www.hk-lawyer.org   81
 •  August 2013

應
His solution is a tablet device for the 用程式可說是風靡着年青一代。 顯示，該國的75歲以上人口將由2010
home that displays automatic alerts 但你可有想過，長者也可受惠於 年的1,880萬人增至2030年的3,330萬
on its screen, accompanied by a 應用程式呢? 人，預計到了2050年，人數更會高達
loud musical chime. When it’s time
4,840萬。局方的研究亦顯示，在生育
for his mom - who now has a Claris 事實上，現時市面上還有專供長者使用
高峰期出生的人士當中，高達80%表示
Companion - to take her medication, a 的智能手機界面，以及讓家人能夠監察
message pops up and the chime rings. 希望留在自己的家中終老。
長者的服藥時間表並與長者進行短信溝
“That stays on until my mom responds, 通和分享照片的平板電腦。 身兼科技行業分析員、老年護理專家
and if it stays on for four hours, I get 及研究公司Aging in Place Technology
a text message telling me something 隨着全球不少地區人口老化，資訊科技
Watch創辦人的Laurie M. Orlov女士預
might be going on,” Mr. Auchlinlek 界亦掀起了一股創新浪潮，以期協助有
計，長者應用科技市場的收益將從現時
explains. 需要經常留在家中接受照顧的長者。參
的20億美元（155億港元）增至2020年
與開發這些為長者「度身訂造」的科技
The game-changer: health 的200億美元或以上。
monitoring 產品的，既包括例如三星電子有限公司
等高科技巨頭，也包括不少新成立的高 我們會問：這些科技產品對於年屆80歲
In-home monitoring is the biggest
potential game-changer for seniors, 科技中小企。 或以上、認知能力不斷下降的長者會否
says Mr. Robert Herzog, a New York- 作用有限？這也許是對的，但Orlov女士
在未來多年，龐大的生育潮及隨後世代
based digital media entrepreneur and 認為市場的未來發展將集中在研發各類
chief executive officer of eCaring, a 將提供一個巨大和不斷增長的市場。舉
並不要求使用者具備靈活技巧的遙距健
healthcare management system for use 例說，根據美國人口老化事務局的資料
康監測產品。
by caregivers, health professionals and
family members.

The Web-based system allows home

care givers and patients to enter very
detailed information on care, health
status and conditions. The system’s
software can spot changes in vital
signs, eating and toileting patterns and
medication regimes, and send alerts
to care managers, physicians, or family
members.

“What you don’t know can hurt you,” he

says.

“When you hire an in-home caregiver,

you turn the keys over to a stranger
and the door closes and the home is
a black box - you have no information
in any meaningful way. That leads to
hospitalisations and rehabs that could
have been avoided if the problems had
been detected earlier.” n

REUTERS/Truth Leem

82  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • AFTER WORK 工 餘 閒 情

Orlov女士說：「為家人和衛生護理專業 他說：「我很難想像母親利用互聯網尋 這個以網絡為基礎的系統，容許家中照

人員而設的看顧技術，將會成為強大的 找她所服用的藥物的訊息，或使用電子 顧者和病人輸入關於護理、健康情況及
市場推動力。」 郵件……設計上的難度在於如何製造一 身體狀況等詳細資料。該系統的軟件亦
個能夠供那些對科技毫無興趣的人士使 能偵測生命徵象的變化、進食和如廁習
這些產品並非盡是以長者為對象。近期
用的裝置。」 慣以及服藥時間表，並向護理人員、醫
市場上出現的其中一項最令人刮目相看
生及家庭成員發送相關提示訊息。
的創新技術，正隱藏在現時其中一部最 Auchlinlek先生深信，如果不改變現
炙手可熱的智能手機 — 三星Galaxy S4 狀，照顧長者這項工作將淹沒整個醫療 Herzog先生說：「掌握所需資訊，便可
之內。 系統。 免受突如其來的傷害。」

這款手機的較早型號S3已設有一個五英 他補充說：「我們不能只顧把長者送到 他續說：「當你僱用家庭看護時，你便

寸長的屏幕，吸引很多視力欠佳的年長 護老機構。我們無法承擔這方面開支， 要把鑰匙交給一名陌生人。家門關上
用家。S4更進一步，增設了一個「簡易 而如此對待長者也絕不正確。」 後，家居便變成一個黑盒，你也無法得
模式」，令這部手機可隨時從一件高科 知家中發生甚麽事。如能及早察覺問
由此，他便想出一個能在屏幕上自動顯
技愛好者的玩具變成一個非常簡單的裝 題，便可避免住院和康復等惱人的事
示提示訊息和播放響亮音樂聲的家庭
置。開啟這個模式後，手機便只會顯示 情。」n
式平板設備。他的母親也有使用Claris
最常用的應用程式 — 例如撥號鍵盤、
Companion，每當她的服藥時間到了，
短信和網上瀏覽器 — 的經放大圖標。
該裝置便會發出提示訊息
S4亦簡化了主要應用程序的設計，用家 和音樂聲。
亦能容易地設立一個臚列常撥電話號碼
Auchlinlek先生解
（例如小孩子和鄰居的聯絡號碼）的清
釋說：「訊息和
單的屏幕。
音效會持續直至
不過，三星手機部門產品推廣總監Ryan 母親作出回應為
Bidan先生表示，三星並非刻意地致力向 止。若然訊息和音
長者推銷S4。 效持續四個小時，
我便會收到短信，讓
他說：「將S4包裝成專供長者使用的手
我知道母親可能有事
機，會對它的形象帶來負面影響。」
發生。」
「長者普遍不想被標籤，而是希望被視
為與其他人一樣使用相同的科技。」 發展的新路向：健康
監測
為長者而設的平板裝置 駐紐約電子媒體企業家
Geof Auchinleck先生在開發Claris 兼eCaring首席執行官
C o m p a n i o n 時 則 採 取 了 ​​不 同 的 策 Robert Herzog先生
略。Claris Companion是一個於6月推 認為，家中監控可
出、專為長期留在家中並需要一定程度 能是對於長者最為
的護理和監察的長者而設的平板設備。 重要的革命性改
變。eCaring是一套
Auchinleck先生在醫療器械行業工作
為看護員、衛生專
30年，其後在加拿大溫哥華開設公
業人員和長者的家
司。Claris Companion的構思，源於他
庭成員而設的醫療
要面對照顧年屆92歲的母親所帶來的
保健管理系統。
挑戰。

www.hk-lawyer.org   83
HONG KONG LAWYER 香港律師  •  August 2013

THE LAST WORD 趣 聞

Clampdown on graft affecting luxury businesses 消息指打擊貪污政策影響奢侈品市場，情
more so than thought, sources say 況比預期更甚
Many premium hotels across the mainland have offered steep discounts 近數月來內地各地許多高級酒店均提供大幅折扣優惠，
in recent months, Hong Kong lawyers said, allegedly to help generate
據某些香港律師指，此舉是為了提高那些酒店的人流。
traffic to such upmarket establishments.
一位香港律師行的合夥人跟《香港律師》談到此情況
As one Hong Kong law firm partner told Hong Kong Lawyer, expressing
his surprise, one reason for this was that luxury retail tenants in 時，表示相當驚訝，他認為原因之一是北京大力打擊貪
such hotels were no longer attracting as many customers as before, 污行為，例如為獲得優待而贈送大量奢侈品予政府官員
following Beijing’s clampdown on graft behavior such as plying 等，令高級酒店的奢侈品租戶的顧客數量下跌。他的消
government officials with luxury goods in return for favours. He was 息來自他最近到上海出差所居住的一家五星級酒店。
citing a source from the five-star hotel that he stayed in during a recent
business trip to Shanghai. 此外，另一位律師引述一名在香港從事廣告業的友人
Separately, another legal source, quoting a contact from within Hong 指，基於同一原因，現時奢侈品零售商對於在廣告上大
Kong’s advertising industry, said that for the same reason, luxury 灑金錢，必先作慎重考慮。
retailers are now thinking harder before spending large sums of money
on advertising in the city.

Law around the world 世界各地的法律

It’s a bird, it’s a plane ... It’s a cartoon version of Japanese Prime 不是鳥，不是飛機......是卡通版的日本首相安倍晉三在天
Minister Shinzo Abe, hopping and somersaulting his way through the 空跳躍和翻筋斗！據路透社報道，安倍晉三的所屬黨派希
sky in a smartphone game app his party hopes will lure young voters
望透過這個智能手機遊戲程式，在上月大選前拉攏更多年
ahead of an election last month, Reuters reported. A growing number
of Japanese politicians are venturing into the cyber world after a 輕選民。隨著日本修改法例允許在競選活動中使用社交媒
legal change allowed the use of social media in campaigns, setting up 體，越來越多日本政客湧進網絡世界，建立臉書頁面和
Facebook pages and twitter accounts to woo voters before a July upper Twitter賬戶，務求在7月的參議院大選前吸納選民。
house election.
換一個較嚴肅關於青少年的新聞，美國伊利諾伊州的最
In a more sombre bit of news about youths, a parent must now be
高法院就一個爭辯近20年的法律議題作出裁決，凡18歲
notified 48 hours before a girl under the age of 18 gets an abortion in
the US state of Illinois, the state’s Supreme Court has ruled, following 以下的女孩在該州進行墮胎前，其父或母必須在48小時
nearly two decades of legal wrangling over the issue. A state law passed 前獲發通知。該州在1995年通過法例，規定除緊急醫療
in 1995 required doctors who performed abortions to notify parents 48 情況外，進行墮胎手術的醫生必須在手術前48小時通知
hours before the procedure unless there was a medical emergency. 病人的家長。
And in the wake of the Edward Snowden debacle, two French human
繼斯諾登事件後，法國兩個人權組織入稟控告美國國家
rights groups have filed a legal  complaint targeting the US National
安全局、聯邦調查局及七家科技公司，該等組織指這七
Security Agency (“NSA”), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (“FBI”)
and seven technology companies they say may have helped the US 家公司或有份協助美國政府竊取法國公民的電郵和電話
snoop on French citizens’ emails and phone calls. The complaint, 通信。訴訟內容譴責美國政府採用斯諾登所揭示的間諜
which denounces US spying methods revealed by former intelligence 方法，雖然訴訟是針對「身份不明的人」提出，但內容
contractor Snowden, is filed against “persons unknown” but names
點名指微軟、雅虎、谷歌、Paltalk、Facebook、AOL和
Microsoft, Yahoo, Google, Paltalk, Facebook, AOL and Apple as
蘋果為美國國家安全局和聯邦調查局的「潛在幫兇」。
“potential accomplices” of the NSA and FBI.

We are constantly on the look-out for original humour or snippets of interest involving lawyers in Hong Kong, be it in the workplace or
outside of it. Simply write in to the editor (vince.chong@thomsonreuters.com) when you come across one of these and watch people
around you go: “How did they know that?” We promise anonymity.
我們一直在尋找關於香港律師們職場內外的原創幽默或佚事。如果你遇到了這樣的事，請直接發郵件給編輯（vince.chong@thomsonreuters.com），
並且留意周圍的人說：“他們怎麼會知道的？”我們保證匿名。

For full Reuters reports, please visit reuters.com 如欲查閱路透社的完整報導，請瀏覽reuters.com

84  www.hk-lawyer.org
 August 2013 • THE LAST WORD 趣 聞

Quirky points of law courtesy of Westlaw’s 另類法律的新奇觀點（摘錄自Westlaw的

Headnote of the Day 每日案例提要）
Do note that these are offered as a diversion and may not necessarily 注意：以下內容純供消遣，所提及的未必是有效法律。
be good law:
1. 就決定公民是否有權取得初步禁制令禁止喬治亞州交通
1. Removal of oak tree with alleged historic significance would 運輸部繼續進行道路拓寬工程的目的而言，法庭認為除
constitute irreparable injury, for purposes of determining whether
去被指具有歷史意義的橡樹會構成不可彌補的損害，而
citizens were entitled to preliminary injunction against Georgia
且失去樹木是金錢不足以彌補的。
Department of Transportation against continued construction
of road widening project; no monetary sum could adequately Hatmaker v.Georgia Dept. of Transp.By and Through
compensate for loss of tree. Shackelford, 973 F.Supp.1047(M.D.Ga.1995)
Hatmaker v. Georgia Dept. of Transp. By and Through Shackelford,
2. 如發現保險單有歧義之處，法庭會以有利於受保人的
973 F.Supp. 1047(M.D. Ga.1995)
方向詮釋，但不會把日常言詞折磨至它們承認存在歧
2. Where an ambiguity in an insurance policy is found, courts will 義為止。
construe it in favor of the insured, but will not torture ordinary
words until they confess to ambiguity. Hobbs v.Hartford Ins.Co. of the Midwest, 823 N.E.2d
Hobbs v. Hartford Ins. Co. of the Midwest, 823 N.E.2d 561 (Ill. 561 (Ill.2005)
2005) 3. 作出制裁時應以狹義出發並且非常謹慎，以免冷卻熱誠
3. Sanctions should issue narrowly and with great caution, so as 或扼殺創意，因此等為法律的命脈所在。
not to stifle the enthusiasm or chill the creativity that is the very
In re Khan, 488 B.R.515 (Bankr.E.D.N.Y.2013)
lifeblood of the law.
In re Khan, 488 B.R. 515 (Bankr. E.D.N.Y. 2013)

Too much information 資訊氾濫

The managing partner of a US law firm was talking to Hong Kong 一名美國律師行的管理合夥人跟《香港律師》談到代溝的
Lawyer about generation gaps and duly offered this anecdote. 問題，並提供了這則趣聞。在近期香港七人欖球賽舉行期
Recently during the city’s Rugby Sevens season, he met an
間，他碰到一位20多歲、閒時熱愛打欖球的友人，兩位男
acquaintance and recreational rugby player, in his 20s, and both
士開始談及天氣悶熱的話題。不過，當友人向這位年近50
began talking about the stiflingly hot weather. The conversation
turned awkward for the partner, who is close to 50, when the other 的合夥人提到他剃去下體體毛的習慣對降溫相當有用時，
man casually mentioned his habit of shaving his nether regions, 對話頓時變得尷尬。
which apparently helped in the heat. 那合夥人說：「我想這種奇特的意見在20多歲的男士之間
“I got the sense that such peculiar comments are common among 份屬常見，可能他們大部分皆會剃去下體體毛。」
those in their 20s - it’s like most of them probably shave down 「但當然，我當時在想，『嗯，現在我該說些什麼才
under,” said the partner.
好！』」
“But certainly, I was thinking, ‘ok, now what should I say to that!’ ”

www.hk-lawyer.org   85
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MulTINATIONAl TMT CORPORATION lEADING SuPPlY CHAIN & lOGISTICS CORPORATION
EQA/467960 EQA/491380
EQA/467960 EQA/491380
A very prominent TMT corporation is looking for a senior corporate/commercial This leading international supply chain & logistics corporation is seeking an
A very prominent TMT corporation is looking for a senior corporate/commercial This leading international supply chain & logistics corporation is seeking an
lawyer to join their growing team. Reporting to the Head of Legal, you will be experienced shipping/commercial lawyer to join their team in Hong Kong. Reporting
lawyer to join their growing team. Reporting to the Head of Legal, you will be experienced shipping/commercial lawyer to join their team in Hong Kong. Reporting
responsible for a broad range of transactions in Greater China and Hong Kong. to the Head of Legal, you will be responsible for all shipping and marine-related legal
responsible for a broad range of transactions in Greater China and Hong Kong. to the Head of Legal, you will be responsible for all shipping and marine-related legal
matters and documentation across APAC.
Key Requirements: matters and documentation across APAC.
Key Requirements:
a minimum of eight years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and Commonwealth Key Requirements:
a minimum of eight years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and Commonwealth Key Requirements:
qualified a minimum of five years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and Commonwealth
qualified a minimum of fivefrom
years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and Commonwealth
prior experience in negotiating, consulting, outsourcing, and systems qualified, ideally a logistics and procurement industry background or
prior experience in negotiating, consulting, outsourcing, and systems qualified, ideally law
an international from a logistics and procurement industry background or
firm
integration transactions is essential an international law firm
integration transactions is essential
general commercial, corporate transactional and IP experience from solid knowledge in shipping/marine law such as sale and purchase
general commercial, corporate transactional solid knowledge in shipping/marine law such as sale and purchase
international IT companies or related industryand
will IP
beexperience
beneficial from contracts, and shipping and maritime arrangements
contracts, and shipping and maritime arrangements
international IT companies or related industry will be beneficial
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential familiarity with Hong Kong listing rules will be beneficial
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential familiarity with Hong Kong listing rules will be beneficial
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential

COMMERCE & INDUSTRY

COMMERCE & INDUSTRY
LEGAL COUNSEL LEGAL COUNSEL
LEGAL COUNSEL LEGAL COUNSEL
PROPERTY DEVElOPMENT CORPORATION TElECOMMuNICATIONS COMPANY
PROPERTY DEVElOPMENT CORPORATION TElECOMMuNICATIONS COMPANY
EQA/482520 EQA/487220
EQA/482520 EQA/487220
This reputable Hong Kong listed property development company is seeking This rapidly growing TMT company is expanding its business in Hong Kong and is
This reputable Hong Kong listed property development company is seeking This rapidly growing TMT company is expanding its business in Hong Kong and is
a solicitor to join the business. Reporting to the Head of Legal, you will be looking for an in-house lawyer to join. Reporting to Senior Management, you will be
a solicitor to join the business. Reporting to the Head of Legal, you will be looking for an in-house lawyer to join. Reporting to Senior Management, you will be
responsible for all legal matters related to the company’s portfolio in Hong Kong. responsible for providing advice and support to legal issues related to the company
responsible for all legal matters related to the company’s portfolio in Hong Kong. responsible for providing advice and support to legal issues related to the company
in Hong Kong and PRC.
Key Requirements: in Hong Kong and PRC.
Key Requirements:
a minimum of five years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and Commonwealth Key Requirements:
a minimum of fivecoming
years’ from
PQE an
experience; Hong Key Requirements:
qualified, ideally international lawKong and
firm or Commonwealth
real estate/ a minimum of five years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and/or PRC qualified
qualified, ideally comingcorporation
property development from an international law firm or real estate/ a minimum of five years’ PQE experience; Hong Kong and/or PRC qualified
property development corporation prior exposure to PRC law is essential
solid knowledge and exposure to project conveyancing, litigation and prior exposure to PRC law is essential
solid knowledge andordinance
exposure will
to project conveyancing, litigation and extensive knowledge of commercial laws, especially in the financial and
residential property be highly advantageous extensive knowledge of commercial laws, especially in the financial and
residential property ordinance will be highly advantageous telecommunication sector
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential telecommunication sector
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential
fluency in written and spoken English and Mandarin is essential

TO FIND OUT MORE AbOUT ThESE ExCITING LEGAL CAREER OPPORTUNITIES, PLEASE CONTACT:
TO FIND OUT MORE AbOUT ThESE ExCITING LEGAL CAREER OPPORTUNITIES, PLEASE CONTACT:
Ricky Mui +852 2103 5370 ricky.mui@robertwalters.com.hk Oliver Allcock +852 2103 5317 oliver.allcock@robertwalters.com.hk
Ricky Mui Altuve +852
Estefania +852 2103
2103 5370
5328 ricky.mui@robertwalters.com.hk
estefania.altuve@robertwalters.com.hk Oliver Allcock +852 2103 5317 oliver.allcock@robertwalters.com.hk
Estefania Altuve +852 2103 5328 estefania.altuve@robertwalters.com.hk
www.robertwalters.com.hk RObERT WAlTERS HONG KONG • 20/F NExxuS buIlDING • 41 CONNAuGHT ROAD CENTRAl• CENTRAl • HONG KONG
www.robertwalters.com.hk RObERT WAlTERS HONG KONG • 20/F NExxuS buIlDING • 41 CONNAuGHT ROAD CENTRAl• CENTRAl • HONG KONG
Corporate Finance Lawyer
› 5+ Years PQE
› Reputable Investment Bank
Reporting to the Head of Legal & Compliance under the
Investment Banking Arm, you will work closely with a team
of 5 lawyers, focusing on corporate transactions including
IPO, pre-IPO, joint ventures, foreign direct investments
and other cross border work. You will also be exposed to
on-going corporate compliance and regulatory matters.
You will have the opportunity to instruct external counsels
when it involves more complicated matters. The successful
candidate will be a Hong Kong qualified lawyer with at least
5 years’ PQE gained in the area of corporate finance or
corporate commercial. Candidates with international law
firm or financial institution experience are preferred. You
must be fluent in both English and Mandarin.
Please contact Olga Yung from Michael Page quoting
ref: H1781680 or visit our website.
Legal Counsel
› 3 – 6 Years PQE
› Multinational Design Engineering Consultancy
Reporting directly to the Managing Director of the Asia
region, you will need to provide legal advice and support
the business in the Hong Kong region, with opportunity
to also touch on PRC related matters and working closely
with their Legal Counsel based in Shanghai. This is a stand
alone role, where you will primarily focus on handling a
range of commercial and construction contracts, including
engineering and consulting contracts, on top of corporate
secretarial and day-to-day legal matters in supporting
the various business groups. The successful candidate
will possess 3 – 6 years’ PQE in the area of projects or
construction. You must be fluent in both English and
Mandarin.
Please contact Carolyn Woo from Michael Page quoting
ref: H1783210 or visit our website.
Legal
Legal Counsel
› 5+ Years PQE
› Hong Kong Listed Company
Taking on an independent role and working closely with
the senior management, you will look after a full range of
corporate compliance matters ensuring the company is
complying with Hong Kong Listing Rules and SFC relate
guidelines. You will liaise with local regulators such as
SFC or HKMA and familiar with corporate laws covering
jurisdictions of Hong Kong. You will need at least 5 years’
experience within the area of corporate commercial, with
strong working knowledge of Hong Kong Listing Rules and
SFC guidelines in relation to corporate listing matters. In
house experience is a must and those whom have gained
work exposure with listed companies would be ideal. You
must be fluent in both English and Mandarin.
Please contact Olga Yung from Michael Page quoting
ref: H1834400 or visit our website.
Legal Counsel
› 5 – 8 Years PQE
› Multinational Energy Corporation
Reporting to the Chief Corporate Counsel of Greater China,
you will work closely with the business to look after the
operations in China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan and
other APAC regional offices and US headquarters. You will
be responsible for a mixture of corporate M&A, joint venture
and general commercial work. You will negotiate, draft
and review a variety of commercial agreements in English
including business commercial contracts, M&A and related
agreements. The successful candidate will possess 5 – 8
years’ PQE and gained significant work experience with
leading law firms. Those with hands on experience in PRC
transactions will be highly regarded. You must be fluent in
both English and Mandarin.
Please contact Carolyn Woo from Michael Page quoting
ref: H1789030 or visit our website.
Senior Legal Counsel
› 8 – 15 Years PQE
› Listed Real Estate Trust & REIT
Reporting to the Legal Director, you will be part of a team of
lawyers providing legal advice to the group company. You
will focus on conveyance matters, including tenders and
acquisitions of land, land development and redevelopments,
joint ventures, sale and purchase of individual units, loans
and mortgages and leasing and tenancy matters. The
successful candidate will be a Hong Kong qualified real
estate lawyer with at least 8 years’ PQE, with a keen interest
to pursue an in-house career. You will have excellent skills in
drafting and with the ability to advise on a range of matters
factoring in the company’s best interest. You must be fluent
in both English and Mandarin.
Please contact Olga Yung from Michael Page quoting
ref: H1825290 or visit our website.
Legal Counsel, Intellectual Property
› 5 – 8 Years PQE
› Prominent E-Commerce Business
Reporting to the Senior Legal Counsel, you will be working
closely with the legal department and the business
units. You will be responsible for handling all trade mark
prosecution matters across the Group particularly focusing
on trade mark filing work, outside the China region. You will
provide advice to business units on brand protection and
management, on top of managing trade mark portfolios.
The successful candidate will possess 5 – 8 years’ PQE and
gained solid experience in trade mark prosecution matters
worldwide, outside China. Those with experience in the
information technology and internet business will be highly
regarded. You must be fluent in both English and Mandarin.
Please contact Carolyn Woo from Michael Page, quoting
ref: H1749370 or visit our website.
 { WE KNOW RECRUITMENT
AND WE MATCH HIGH PERFORMERS WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPANIES

As part of PageGroup, Michael Page is a leading professional recruitment consultancy specialising in the recruitment of permanent,
contract and temporary positions on behalf of the world’s top employers. The Group operates through 153 offices in 34 countries
worldwide. First established in London in 1976, we’ve been bringing job seekers and employers together for more than 30 years. Our
presence in the Asia Pacific region extends across Singapore, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Japan, India, Malaysia, Australia
and New Zealand.

Corporate Associate Litigation Lawyer Shipping Lawyer

› 3+ Years PQE
› Magic Circle Firm
Our client is looking for a mid level Corporate Associate to
work closely with the Managing Partner to look after the
business and transactions in Hong Kong, US and overseas.
Your team will include 12 lawyers and you’ll take on a focus
on M&A matters as a whole. Reporting to the partners of
the Asia Pacific Region, you will negotiate, review and draft
a variety of legal documents and other commercial related
contracts and agreements. The successful candidates
will possess at least 3 years’ PQE and gained significant
inbound and outbound experiences with a leading law firm.
You must be fluent in both English and Mandarin and able to
work independently with minimum of supervision.
› 3+ Years PQE
› World’s largest law firm
Working closely with the managing partner with particular
focus in general litigation matters involving: corporate and
commercial disputes, government enforcement and white
collar crime, insurance and securities litigation, anti-Bribery
and employment matters. Your main responsibility (70%)
is to provide professional advices to both domestic and
international clients. 30% of your role is to draft, amend and
format legal documents and to give administrative supports
to other lawyers and partners. You will need to be familiar
with Hong Kong legal procedure and has with extensive
experiences in contentious litigation cases. You must have
a bright attitude to learn and assume responsibilities and
must be fluent in both English and Mandarin.
› 4+ Years PQE
› US International Law Firm
You will work closely with leading Associates and Partners
and be exposed to a range of high profile maritime
transactions and international trade law matters. You will
provide legal advices for all shipping matters including
carriage contracts, charter parties, hull and cargo,
insurance, cargo claims and bunker disputes. You will also
need to liaise and take instructions for local and foreign
lawyers. You will need to be a Hong Kong qualified lawyer
with strong shipping or litigation experiences gained within
a sizable law firm or international law firm. You must have
excellent command of written and spoken English and
Chinese, including fluency in Mandarin.

Please contact Tina Chan from Michael Page quoting Please contact Tina Chan from Michael Page, quoting Please contact Tina Chan from Michael Page, quoting
ref: H1836550 or visit our website. ref: H1836690 or visit our website. ref: H1835200 or visit our website.

Legal Counsel, Greater China
› 8+ Years PQE
› Leading US manufacturing company
You will be a member of their core management in Greater
China and report to their Managing Director with dotted line
to Legal Director, Greater China. This role will lead a team
of 3 legal professionals including 2 legal managers. The
responsibilities include a wide range of general corporate
/ commercial issues such as reviewing commercial
contracts, team training and daily advisory to core business
management. You should have at least 8 to 10 years of solid
legal experience gained from MNCs as senior legal counsel.
You should also have excellent command of English in both
written and spoken. Competitive compensation will be offered
to qualified candidate. This position is based in Beijing.
Senior Corporate Associate
› 8+ Years PQE
› Boutique US Law Firm
You will report to the Managing Partner in China and work
closely with the paralegals and associates. You will handle a
range of Corporate M&A, Private Equity, Venture Capital and
General Corporate work for international and local clients.
You will also be required to provide focused, proactive and
coordinated business development and marketing support to
the China offices. The core functions of your work include
CRM, Business Development, Marketing Communication,
Public Relation and Events Organization. You will be a US
qualified lawyer with at least 8 years PQE and have solid
practice experience in general corporate, M&A, and PE/VC.
Fluency in English and Chinese will be required. This position
is based in Shanghai.
Senior Compliance Specialist
› 5+ Years PQE
› Multinational Pharmaceutical Corporation
You will report to the Compliance Manager. You will be
responsible for all compliance issues in the region, including
setting up / maintaining compliance program, driving
investigative actions, advising senior management on risk
management issues and conducting FCPA compliance
training. You also have to ensure all company activities,
policies, business practice and transactions comply with
PRC laws and regulations. You also have to work with
management team on compliance monitoring. The successful
candidate should have at least 5+ years’ of compliance
working experience gained from a multinational company or
top law firm. You must be fluent in both English and Mandarin
(spoken and written). This position is based in Shanghai.

Please contact Kathy Luo from Michael Page quoting Please contact Janet Chan from Michael Page quoting Please contact Yuyan Cheng from Michael Page quoting
ref: H1812190 or visit our website. ref: H1686560 or visit our website. ref: H1832080 or visit our website.
#14218

To apply for any of the above positions, please go to www.michaelpage.com.hk/apply quoting

the reference number, or contact the relevant consultant on +852 2530 6100 for further details.

Specialists in legal recruitment

www.michaelpage.com.hk
Hayden Gordine
Hong Kong
Expect the
market leader
to know
the senior
market
As the global leader in specialist
legal recruitment it is no surprise
that we are well connected. Our
experience in handling the most senior
appointments within global law firms,
banks, financial institutions and large
corporates is second to none.  As a
candidate you can be assured of the
utmost discretion and professionalism
throughout the recruitment process.
For Partner roles, call Mark Coates on
+852 2973 6333 or email
markcoates@taylorroot.com
For Senior legal roles In-House, call
Hayden Gordine on
+852 2973 6333 or email
haydengordine@taylorroot.com
THE SR GROUP: BREWER MORRIS . CARTER MURRAY . FRAZER JONES . SR SEARCH . TAYLOR ROOT
LONDON . DUBAI . HONG KONG . SINGAPORE . SYDNEY . MELBOURNE
Partner Roles
Shipping Partner HKD 2.5 m+
Well known international law firm in HK seeks a
junior to mid rank partner to further strengthen
the team. The ideal candidate will have a strong
dry shipping background and will have worked
on a range of disputes. Good career path.
Ref: 190020.
Head of HK Office HKD 4-6 m+
Strong UK law firm with plans to open in HK
is keen to speak to seasoned HK partners and/
or teams. The ideal person will have a strong
name in the market with proven leadership
skills. Disputes and M&A practices of interest.
Ref: 191230.
Disputes Partner US $350k+
Well known US firm with a strong disputes
presence in HK. Looking to compliment with a
Chinese speaking junior partner or counsel who
can help grow the China arbitration and litigation
practice. Strong prospects for right individual.
Ref: 189620.
M&A Partner HKD 4-6m
Strong UK law firm with a global network. Seeks
a Chinese speaking HK based partner who has
a corporate practice with a bias towards M&A
work. Existing practice and clients in place.
Need a techinally strong lawyer with small book.
Ref: 188260.
Data Privacy Partner HKD 2m+
Strong US firm with a top IP presence in the
States. Looking for a junior to mid level partner
with a focus on data privacy. Ideal person
will have a broad practice servicing HK and
China based clients in the IP and IT sectors.
Ref: 189660.
Please note our advertisements use PQE purely as a guide. However, we are happy to consider applications from all
candidates who are able to demonstrate the skills necessary to fulfil the role.
Singapore EA Licence: 12C6222
taylorroot.com
@TaylorRootLegal
In-House Roles
Head Corporate Secretary US $250k+
IBank seeks a Corporate Secretary to manage its
APAC secretarial team. Applicants should have
10+ years of corporate secretary experience.
Regulated financial experience preferable although
all senior candidates encouraged to apply.
Ref: JY191490. 10+ years
General Counsel HKD 2m+
Renowned Hong Kong corporation seeks a new
GC to lead its legal team. Applicants should
have significant legal management exposure
gained in-house or as a partner. Hong Kong
qualifications a must and Mandarin skills preferred.
Ref: CC191250. 18+ years
Head of China Legal RMB 1.8m+
Global hotel group seeks a high-calibre lawyer
to lead its team in Shanghai. Applicants should
possess significant international experience
coupled with excellent leadership skills. Native
Mandarin speaker. Excellent career prospects.
Ref: CC191460. 12+ years
Head of Legal Sydney AUS $450k+
Australian bank seeks a funds partner or senior
consumer banking lawyer to lead a team of 70
lawyers covering a variety of the banks divisions
including wealth, investment management &
retail. Applicants must be returning Australians.
Ref: 191480. 10+ years
Head of AML HK 1.6m+
IBank seeks to recruit a Head of AML for HK &
Singapore to oversee a team of 8-10 compliance
professionals and to ensure that the bank
complies with the firm AML policies and
standards, as well as local laws and regulations.
Ref: 191650. 6+ years
your profession
our passion
Legal Counsel (funds)
Hong Kong. 3-6 pQe.
This is a rare sole legal counsel opportunity
with a large, global, alternative investment
management house. A Cantonese and
English speaking funds legal specialist
is sought. You will have holistic asset
management and fund distribution
experience and expertise, having worked
with both a good firm and most recently in-
house. ref: DH 1039894
Vp Legal (asia)
Hong Kong. 6-10 pQe.
The private equity investment arm of a
major bank is seeking an additional senior
lawyer. You will be intrinsically involved
in the full suite of advisory and drafting
work pertaining to both global and Asia
Pacific investments. You will be US or UK
qualified, with five or more years of pertinent
experience and familiarity with relevant Asia
regulatory matters. ref: DH 1036902
General Counsel
Hong Kong & shenzhen. 15+ pQe.
Residential property in Hong Kong and the
PRC is the core business of this Hong Kong
group which is seeking to engage a senior
and locally qualified lawyer to report to the
Board of Directors and lead its legal team.
In addition to conveyancing expertise, you
will have commercial legal acumen, Hong
Kong listings expertise and good exposure to
relevant work in the PRC. ref: DH 1037277
DCM Lawyer
Hong Kong. 2-5 pQe.
Transaction management (for fixed income
products) will be your responsibility for this
role, joining a global bank. You will be an
energetic, structured products savvy lawyer
able to knowledgably guide external counsel,
draft specialist documentation and assist
internal stakeholders. ref: DH 1038430
for more information about these opportunities, contact a Hays Legal expert:
sonali Khemka - entry-level and professional support opportunities
e: sonali.khemka@hays.com.hk
Daryl Lee - other law firm opportunities
e: daryl.lee@hays.com.hk
Daryl Hodes - other in-house opportunities
e: daryl.hodes@hays.com.hk
or +852 2521 1460.
unit 5805-07, 58/f, The Center, 99 Queen’s road Central, Hong Kong.
hays.com.hk
Legal Counsel
Hong Kong. 2-5 pQe.
A globally present logistics company is
seeking a Legal Counsel to join its team.
You will have at least two years PQE and
be fluent in both English and Cantonese.
Previous in-house experience is an
advantage, as is logistics industry experience.
Bilingual communication and drafting skills
are of prime importance. ref: sK 1039311
Company secretary
Hong Kong. 6-8 pQe.
A Hong Kong listed company seeks a
named Company Secretary with 6-8 years
experience, including two years in a senior
role with a listed company. You will be
handling the full spectrum of company
secretarial duties for the Hong Kong
company as well as its UK, off-shore and
PRC subsidiaries. HKICS/ICSA or a legal
qualification is mandatory, as is native level
English and Cantonese. Mandarin is an
advantage. ref: sK 1032991
Banking & finance associate
Hong Kong. 2-5 pQe.
A well established international firm will
continue to strengthen its commercial
lending practice by seeking a Banking &
Finance Associate to join its Hong Kong
office. You should be a Hong Kong qualified
solicitor with at least 2-5 years PQE and
appropriate practice experience in Hong
Kong. ref: DL 1040337
real estate associate
Hong Kong. 2-5 pQe.
This is a fantastic opportunity to join a top
real estate practice in Hong Kong, which is
seeking an experienced associate. You should
be Hong Kong qualified and have several
years of experience within a law firm
covering corporate real estate, real estate
financing or investment. ref: DL 1039287
ipo associate
Hong Kong. 4-6 pQe.
This US firm with a strong reputation for
mid-market Hong Kong IPOs wants to
bring in a seasoned Hong Kong qualified
Associate. You should be a locally qualified
solicitor with at least four years experience
working on Hong Kong IPOs. You will join
a busy practice and take on high levels of
responsibility. Associates from large local or
international firms are equally welcome to
apply. ref: DL 1040005
Commercial Litigation associate
Hong Kong. 3-5 pQe.
One of the leading disputes practices is
seeking a Hong Kong qualified solicitor with
several years of germane experience gained
at a similarly ranked practice. You will be
working with colleagues across Greater
China on large cases and will be able to
work effectively in English, Cantonese and
Mandarin. ref: DL 1032839
shipping Litigation associate
Hong Kong. 3-5 pQe.
An international firm with a top ranked
shipping practice is seeking a specialist
Litigation Associate. You will be fluent in
English and Mandarin, and Cantonese is a
plus. You will need to have at least three years
PQE, with significant experience covering dry
contentious matters. ref: DL 1040064
 Hong Kong • Singapore • Beijing • Shanghai
Private Practice
PROJECT FINANCE Hong Kong    4-6 PQE
Top tier projects practice has headcount to hire an associate with solid
experience in general banking/finance or project finance (ideally oil/gas related)
and admission as a solicitor in the UK, New York or Hong Kong.  Fluent written
and spoken English and Chinese (Mandarin) required. (HKL 9388)
ARBITRATION Singapore  2-4 PQE
A UK law firm with a growing presence in Asia is seeking a Singapore qualified
disputes and arbitration lawyer to join its high performing arbitration team. You
will have excellent academics, be commercially minded and have experience
gained in either a major international or leading local firm. (HKL 9356)
M&A Beijing 3+ PQE
A leading international law firm is seeking a 3+ PQE M&A lawyer due to
increased client needs. The qualified candidate should have good communication
skills and be confident to speak with clients on a regular basis.  The position is
based in Beijing. Spoken mandarin skills are required for this position. (HKL
9450)
LITIGATION Hong Kong 2-5 PQE
Leading City Firm is seeking a junior mid level litigator to join its established
practice. Those with prior commercial litigation or regulatory disputes
experience would be preferred. Spoken and written Chinese language skills
preferred. (HKL 9349)
PROFESSIONAL SUPPORT LAWYER Hong Kong 3+ PQE
Prestigious law firm is looking for a support lawyer to assist their corporate
team. If you are a mid level lawyer and are looking to move out of a fee-earning
role, this would be the perfect opportunity for you to work on legal matters
without having to deal with transactional deadlines. The ideal candidate will
have reading and writing Chinese skills. Excellent package on offer. (HKL 8616)
U.S. SECURITIES Hong Kong  3-5 PQE
Highly regarded US firm has headcount to appoint a 3rd – 5th year associate
to join their Hong Kong office.  Solid U.S. securities law experience from
a leading firm and a JD from a top law school are essential. Fluent spoken
Mandarin required.  (HKL 9387)
INVESTMENT FUNDS Hong Kong 2-6 PQE
Leading international funds practice seeks a lawyer with experience in PE
funds, especially related to fund formation. The team is well recognised across
the region and this is an opportunity to gain excellent exposure across a high
quality client base. (HKL 9447)
CORPORATE  Hong Kong NQ-2 PQE
Well regarded international law firm is now looking for a NQ-2PQE corporate
lawyer to join their Hong Kong office. Excellent opportunity to join a well-
established team support to on the M&A, PE and corporate finance and listing
work. Fluent spoken and written English and Chinese required.  (HKL 9565)
These are a small selection of our current vacancies. If you require further details or wish to have
a confidential discussion about your career, market trends, or would like salary information, then
please contact one of the following consultants in Hong Kong:
Andrew Skinner, Jennifer Donnelly, Michael Godby, Natalie Wong or Nisha Chugh.
Hong Kong Singapore
(852) 2920 9100 (65) 6557 4163
als@alsrecruit.com singapore@alsrecruit.com
In-House
REGIONAL COMPLIANCE OFFICER Shanghai 10+ PQE
European listed manufacturer with a strong business presence in China is seeking
a Regional Compliance Officer to provide advice to the local entities in the region.
You will need solid experience in MNCs and proven ability to work with all levels
of management, preferably as legal consultant or controller. Native Mandarin
with fluent English is essential. (HKL 9594)
LEGAL COUNSEL - MNC Singapore 5-8 PQE
A global conglomerate with a strong presence in various industries is looking for
an experienced lawyer to join its established legal team in Singapore. Candidate
must be a Singapore qualified and has commercial experience working as an in-
house lawyer in Singapore.  (HKL 9583)
REGULATORY COUNSEL Hong Kong 7+ PQE
Global financial institution is seeking a regulatory lawyer to join its Regional
Legal & Compliance team. You will have solid experience in dealing with
local and PRC regulators, with broad product knowledge across corporate and
investment banking businesses. Chinese language skills preferred. (HKL 9105)
IN-HOUSE LEGAL COUNSEL Hong Kong 4+ PQE
Major HK organisation is looking for mid to senior level in-house lawyers to join
their elite legal team. The candidate will have solid commercial law experience
and litigation experience would be an advantage. Excellent career prospects
for the right candidate. Cantonese and Mandarin reading and writing skills are
essential for this role. (HKL 9517)
INSURANCE COUNSEL Hong Kong 3-6 PQE
One of Hong Kong’s most recognised insurance providers requires an additional
lawyer to advise on a range of issues. Solid general commercial from an
international law firm is required, within any in-house experience being a bonus.
Mandarin is preferred. (HKL 9589)
PRIVATE BANKING COUNSEL   Hong Kong 3-6 PQE
Market leading, international Private Banking business seeks an additional lawyer
to provide support across; equities, fixed income, FX, derivatives, funds and a
range of other matters. Candidates should have diverse legal experience, excellent
Regulatory exposure and be fluent in Mandarin. (HKL 9518)
ASSET MANAGEMENT Hong Kong 4-8 PQE
International asset manager requires a lawyer with solid Regulatory exposure
to join their dynamic AsiaPac platform. The well established team support the
business on a range of fund and regulatory matters, working on an incredibly
diverse range of products. Mandarin is essential. (HKL 9540)
DERIVATIVES COUNSEL Hong Kong 5-10 PQE
European investment bank has exciting growth plans in the region and requires a
mid/senior counsel to support on equity, FX, interest rate, credit and commodities
derivatives transactions. Candidates straight from law firms considered.  Mandarin
not essential. (HKL 9596)
Beijing Shanghai
(86) 10 6567 8728 (86) 21 6372 1058
beijing@alsrecruit.com shanghai@alsrecruit.com
 ASIA

This is a selection of our current vacancies; please visit our website for more opportunities, or for more information in
complete confidence, please call us on +852 2503 2500 or contact

sandra.godbold@atticuslegal.com.hk, carmel.huber@atticuslegal.com.hk, janet.wu@atticuslegal.com.hk or georgeanna.mok@atticuslegal.com.hk

www.atticuslegal.com.hk
trust | honesty | integrity | partnership
 In-House
HEAD OF LEGAL SHANGHAI 12+ years
A leading media & digital communications company seeks a Head of
Legal for its Shanghai office. The role would be broad in scope & will offer
exposure to a wide range of commercial work including HR & IT contracts
as well as M&A work. Chinese language skills are essential. HKL4174
HEAD OF COMPANY SECRETARY HONG KONG 15+ years
Bulge bracket i-bank seeks a senior chartered secretary to lead the company
secretarial team. You will be responsible for all company secretarial
functions, related licensing & regulatory matters. Prior experience working
in a financial institution/professional firm is essential. HKL4235
HEAD OF LEGAL SHANGHAI 12+ years
European Bank is looking to recruit a Head of Legal for its China operations
based in Shanghai. Managing a team & reporting to the GC based in HK,
the role will have broad coverage including global markets, treasury, retail
& commercial banking. Fluent Mandarin essential. HKL4252
DERIVATIVES/BANKING/FUNDS HONG KONG 5-8 years
Global i-bank seeks a mid to senior level lawyer to be based in HK to provide
legal support for its businesses in China. The role will cover cross-border
derivatives, lending, ISDA, QDII, QFII & regulatory matters. Strong PRC
exposure is essential. Fluent English & Mandarin required. HKL4259
FUNDS LEGAL COUNSEL HONG KONG 5-8 years
One of Asia’s largest asset management firms seeks a senior legal
counsel. The ideal candidate will have broad funds formation experience
including SFC-authorised funds, private funds, MPF-related products, as
well as UCITs & QFII related experience. Chinese essential. HKL4236
CORPORATE/COMMERCIAL HONG KONG 4-7 years
Commercial/corporate work on offer with this multinational company. Mid-
level lawyer required to advise on general commercial issues including
contracts, IT, IP & specific projects across the region. Telco experience
would be an advantage & fluent Chinese is essential. HKL1225
HEDGE FUND – COUNSEL BEJING 2-6 years
Asia based hedge fund with significant assets under management seeks
an additional legal counsel to advise on transactional & compliance issues
as part of its continued expansion. Fluent written & spoken Chinese, top
academics & strong commercial acumen are essential. HKL4015
This is a small selection of our current vacancies. Please refer to our website for a more comprehensive list of openings.
Please contact Emily Lewis, elewis@lewissanders.com + 852 2537 7408 or Jenny Law, jlaw@lewissanders.com + 852 2537 7448
or email recruit@lewissanders.com
www.lewissanders.com
Private Practice
REGIONAL BUSINESS MANAGER HONG KONG 8-15 years
Top UK firm seeks a regional business manager to provide business
administration & regional co-ordination for its finance & capital markets
groups. This will include strategic planning, budgets, forecasts & HR
support for the regional practice groups. HKL4247
PRC CORPORATE SHANGHAI 5-8 years
Well-regarded international firm going through a growth phase in Asia
seeks a mid to senior level corporate associate. You will have experience
in FDI & M&A work & experience in real estate is a distinct advantage.
Business-level Chinese & PRC qualification are essential. HKL4246
MID/SENIOR LITIGATOR HONG KONG 3-7 years
This premier US firm is looking for a mid or senior level associate to join
its expanding litigation team. You must be admitted in HK & have relevant
litigation experience gained in the HK courts. Mandarin &/or Cantonese
language skills are essential for this position. HKL4238
CORPORATE FINANCE HONG KONG 2-4 years
US firm seeks a HK qualified corporate finance lawyer to join its team
in HK. The ideal candidate will have solid IPO experience gained from
an international firm in HK. Fluent English, Cantonese & Mandarin are
essential. Quality work & NY rates on offer. HKL4245
US SECURITIES / M&A HONG KONG/SINGAPORE 2-4 years
US firm looking for bright junior to mid-level US qualified lawyers with
experience in capital markets &/or M&A work for its HK & Singapore
offices. JD or LLM qualification from top tier US law school & fluency in
Mandarin are essential. US rates on offer. HKL2286
EMPLOYEE INCENTIVES HONG KONG 1-6 years
A leading employment team in HK seeks employment lawyers ideally with
expertise in incentives/benefits. Ideal candidates will be currently in an
incentive team & have excellent academics. Candidates from overseas
will be considered as Chinese is not essential. HKL4161
PROJECT FINANCE/M&A HONG KONG 1-5 years
Well-established US firm is looking for a junior to mid level associate with
1-5 years of strong project finance &/or M&A experience, particularly in the
energy sector. Working with a reputable partner in the region, you will gain
exposure to complex, cross-jurisdiction transactions. HKL4240
 We appreciate the importance that lawyers aach to selecng the best recruiter.
We also know what it takes to stand out from the rest.

Our clients consistently rate us as one of Asia’s premier legal search firms and
their first choice when recruing lawyers
Our consultants are dedicated to specific pracce areas and are widely recognised
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Our track record includes compleng exclusive and retained searches for
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We are currently recruing for Magic Circle and US law firms, Financial Instuons
& MNCs.

hongkong@kingswoodglobal.com singapore@kingswoodglobal.com beijing@kingswoodglobal.com shanghai@kingswoodglobal.com

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