International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, April 3-5, 2018, India

Fuzzy Logic Controlled Ćuk Converter

Saptarshi Rakshit and Jayabrata Maity


Abstract—As we know Ćuk converter is one of the most
versatile dc-dc converter which can operate in both Buck and
Boost mode and possesses the advantages of both Buck converter
and Boost Converter that is low output ripple voltage and
continuous input and output current. In this paper a closed loop
Fuzzy logic controlled Ćuk converter is developed and compared
with both PID and PI Controlled counterpart with same
parameters in MATLAB SIMULINK. Compared results show
that the Fuzzy Logic Controlled Converter performs significantly
better than the PID and PI Counterparts.
Index Terms—Ćuk Converter, Fuzzy Logic Controller, PID
Controller, PI Controller, Closed loop Converter
and Proportional, Integral Derivative (PID) controlled
counterpart having exact same Ćuk Converter parameters.
Section II shows the basic circuit diagram, and the input
output relation of Ćuk Converter along with block diagram of
control scheme, Section III deals with the Fuzzy Logic
Controller design, Matlab Implementation and specifications
are shown in Section IV, Results and Conclusions are
illustrated in Section V and Section VI respectively.
II. ĆUK CONVERTER
A. Basic Circuit

I. INTRODUCTION

Ć uk Converter is one of the most versatile Buck-Boost

Converter topologies that is the output voltage from the
converter can be both lower and higher that the input voltage.
This topology possesses the advantages of both Buck
Converter and Boost Converter. Reference [1] page- 256
shows that the main advantages of this topology over the Fig. 1. Ćuk Converter Circuit
Conventional Buck-Boost topology are continuous current at
both input and output and low output voltage ripple with Fig. 1 shows the circuit diagram of a Ćuk Converter [1]
properly designed filter. (page- 256) where Vin is the input voltage and Vo is the
In literature many researches has been done on conventional average output voltage. The input output relation of the
solutions for controller design of different DC-DC Converters converter is as follows.
based on classical and modern control theory. Widely used D u Vin
Vo (1)
classical control theory based controllers are PID controllers (1  D)
[2]. These controllers require precise linear mathematical Where, D is the duty cycle of the Converter.
models and also fail to perform satisfactorily under parameter
variation, nonlinearity and load disturbance. In certain
applications like finding operating point of a system, Fuzzy B. Closed Loop Control Scheme
Logic Controllers (FLC) have proven to be a great choice [3]- Following Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of the closed
[6]. The advantage Fuzzy logic Controllers are- loop Ćuk converter. Output voltage is first sent to the
controller (in this case PI, PID or FLC) and compared with the
1. Accurate Mathematical model is not needed. reference or set voltage. Resultant error signal is then used to
2. Nonlinearities can be handled in a much better way. compensate the duty signal of the switch and the process
3. Input doesn’t need to be precise. continues till the set value is reached.

In this paper a fuzzy logic controlled Ćuk Converter is

modeled and then compared with Proportional Integral (PI)

Saptarshi Rakshit is a B.Tech in Electrical Engineering and former student

of Calcutta Institute of Engineering and Management, India (email:
saptarshirakshit52@gmail.com) Fig. 2. Closed loop Control Scheme
Jayabrata Maity is an Assistant Professor in Electrical Engineering
Department of Calcutta Institute of Engineering and Management, India
(email: jmaity.ee@gmail.com)

978-1-5386-3521-6/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE

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 III. FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER DESIGN
One of the most successful implementation of Fuzzy set
theory is Fuzzy Logic Control as introduced by [4]. As
mentioned in Introduction part it doesn’t require any complex
control scheme or mathematical modeling rather it uses human
understanding on the particular system to be controlled in the
form of lingual variables like short, big etc. and is represented
in simple logical forms that is AND, OR and NOT.
The working principle and different applications in the field Fig. 5. Membership Function plot for input ‘dE’
of closed loop control system are shown in literatures
[5],[6],[7].
Following Fig. 3 shows the simple block diagram of the
Fuzzy Logic Controller.

Fig. 6. Membership Function plot for output ‘duty’

B. Ćuk Converter FLC rule base

Fig. 3. FLC Block Diagram
The two inputs of the Fuzzy Logic Controller (‘error’ and
‘dE’) are divided into five groups which are N.B: Negative
Big, N.S: Negative Small, Z0: Zero Area, P.S: Positive small
A. FLC Membership Function and P.B: Positive Big as in [10], [11] with properly scaled
Ćuk Converter output voltage function shows nonlinearity parameters as shown in Fig. 4, 5, 6. Table I illustrates the
because of its small signal model. Due to no requirement of fuzzy control rules.
exact mathematical model FLCs can be easily adapted for
varying operating points. TABLE I
An FLC is designed in Mamdani style Matlab fuzzy RULE BASE FOR ‘ERROR’ AND ‘DE’
interface system. The Input variables are ‘error’ and ‘dE’
error
(error change) and the output is ‘duty’ signal for PWM dE N.B N.S Z0 P.S P.B
generator. Reference [8],[9] show that each input need to be
N.B N.B N.B N.B N.S Z0
divided into seven groups for DC-DC Converters but [10],[11]
N.S N.B N.B N.S Z0 P.S
prove that five groups are enough to control the converter
accurately. Following Fig. 4, 5, 6 show the membership Z0 N.B N.S Z0 P.S P.B
function plots of Inputs and output. P.S N.S Z0 P.S P.B P.B
P.B Z0 P.S P.B P.B P.B

Following Fig. 7 shows the graphical representation of

Table I.

Fig. 4. Membership Function plot for input ‘error’

Fig. 7. Graphical representation of rule base

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 IV. MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION B. Ćuk Converter with closed loop control
A. Ćuk Converter A sub-system is created using Fig. 8 and the controllers are
fabricated around it. Fig. 9 shows the closed loop system with
A Ćuk Converter is modeled (Fig. 8) in Matlab using Sim-
FLC converter and Fig. 14 shows the closed loop system using
Powersystem Components taking Fig. 1 as reference. The
PID or PI Controller.
specifications of the Converter are as follows
PID and PI controller related details are described as
Input Voltage (Vin) = 30 V
follows
Controlled Output Voltage (Vo) = 40 V
L1 = 3.94×10–3 H
Matlab PID Controller, Compensator equation (CPID)-
L2 = 2.64×10–3 H
C1 = 16×10–3 F
C2 = 10×10–3 F 1 N
CPID P  I .Ts D
PWM generator Frequency = 1000 Hz  z  1 1  N .T 1
Output Power (Load) = 100 W
s
 z  1
All the Inductor and Capacitor values are calculated using
Ref [1] page- 257 Where, Proportional (P) = 50
Integrator (I) = 4000
Derivative (D) = 5
Filter Coefficient (N) = 100

Matlab PI Controller, Compensator equation (CPI)-

1
CPI P  I .Ts
  1
z
Where, Proportional (P) = 50
Integrator (I) = 4000

Following Fig. 10 shows the flowchart of PID/PI Control

scheme.

Fig. 8. Matlab model of Ćuk Converter

Fig. 9. Fuzzy Logic Controlled Ćuk Converter

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 carried out using Ode45 solver. The test parameters are as
Converter Output Voltage follows

Input Voltage = 20 V
Reference Output Voltage = 40 V
Output Power (Load) = 100 W

Compare with Reference voltage and generate error signal Fig. 11, 12 and 13 shows the Output Voltage waveform
with respect to simulation time for FLC, PID, PI controller
respectively.

Convert to per unit value

PID/PI Controller

Subtract the compensated signal from the reference signal

Fig. 12. Output Voltage waveform Using PID Controller

Output Duty Signal

Fig. 10. PID/PI Control scheme

V. RESULTS

Fig. 13. Output Voltage waveform using PI Controller

Following Table II shows the comparison among FLC, PID

and PI controlled Ćuk Converter with respect to settling time
and output voltage ripple.

TABLE II
COMPARISON CHART
Fig. 11. Output Voltage waveform using FLC
Output Voltage
Controller Settling time (Second)
Ripple
In this study a Matlab Simulink model is developed in order
FLC 0.05 negligible
to validate and compare the performance of Fuzzy Logic
PID 0.5 Low
Controlled Ćuk Converter with the PI and PID controlled
counterpart with exact same parameters. The Simulation is PI 0.4 Comparatively High

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 Fig. 14. PID/PI Controlled Ćuk Converter
VI. CONCLUSION
In this paper a Fuzzy Logic Controlled Ćuk Converter is
designed and compared with the conventional control methods
like PID and Pi Controller. Results show that, though PI
controller offers a lower settling time than the PID Controller
it gives higher Output Voltage Ripple, accordingly the PID
controller output Voltage is significantly low. But For FLC the
settling time is as low as 0.05s and the output voltage ripple is
completely negligible. So it can be concluded that for
controlling a Ćuk Converter Fuzzy Logic Controller is the
ideal choice. Future works may take hardware implementation
and real world system performance into consideration.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to thank the entire Electrical Engineering
Department of Calcutta Institute of Engineering and
Management for all the technical support as needed.
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