Module Title: Prelim Learning Module 1 Name: Hanna F.

Porras

Date: May 5, 2021 Page No.: 1 of 6

Instructor: Engr. Divine Mae Magangan
Yr. & Sec.: BSAeE 5-1 Activity No.: 1

Learning Check

1. Define the following terms:

✓ Maintainability

➤ The measure of maintainability is the probability that the maintenance action

can be carried out within a stated interval. It is the capacity to meet operational
objectives with the least consumption of maintenance exertion beneath the
operational and natural conditions in which planned and unscheduled maintenance
is performed.

✓ Maintenance

➤ Maintenance is the execution of tasks required to guarantee the continuing

airworthiness of an aircraft or aircraft part, including overhaul, inspection,
replacement, defect rectification, and the embodiment of alterations, compliance
with airworthiness mandates, and repair.

✓ Reliability

➤ Reliability is defined as the ability of a system or component to perform its

required functions under stated conditions for a specified period of time. It may be
a broad term and is an expression of steadfastness and the probability that an
item—including an aircraft, engine, propeller, or component—will perform the
desired function beneath indicated conditions without failure for a specified period.

2. List at least three useful sources for obtaining maintainability, maintenance, and
reliability-

related information.

✓ Government Industry Data Exchange Program (GIDEP) Operations Center,

Department of the Navy, Corona, CA
Module Title: Prelim Learning Module 1 Name: Hanna F. Porras

Date: May 5, 2021 Page No.: 2 of 6

Instructor: Engr. Divine Mae Magangan
Yr. & Sec.: BSAeE 5-1 Activity No.: 1

✓ IEC 706 PT3, Guide on Maintainability of Equipment, Part III: Sections Six
and Seven, Verification and Collection, Analysis and Presentation of Data,1st ed.,
International Electro-Technical Commission, Geneva, Switzerland
✓ National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield,
VA

3. Discuss the need for maintainability, maintenance, and reliability.

Maintainability is becoming increasingly important because of the alarmingly

high operating and support costs of systems and equipment. While maintenance
has been a continuous challenge, although impressive progress has been made in
maintaining equipment in the field, maintenance of equipment is still a challenging
issue because of various factors including complexity, cost, and competition. Thus,
Reliability has become an important issue during the design process because of the
increasing dependence of our daily lives and schedules on the satisfactory
functioning of these systems.

These factors indicate a definite need for maintainability, maintenance, and

reliability professionals to work closely during the product design and operation
phases. To achieve this goal successfully, they must have some understanding of
each other’s discipline.

4. Discuss the history of maintainability.

For an over of the history of maintainability wherein, an early reference to the

latter may be traced back to the Army Signal Corps contract for development of the
Wright brother’s airplane, in which it was clearly stated that the aircraft should be
“simple to operate and maintain.”
Module Title: Prelim Learning Module 1 Name: Hanna F. Porras

Date: May 5, 2021 Page No.: 3 of 6

Instructor: Engr. Divine Mae Magangan
Yr. & Sec.: BSAeE 5-1 Activity No.: 1

5. Compare maintainability with maintenance.

Maintainability is a design parameter intended to reduce repair time and the

ease with which something can be maintained. While maintenance, which is the act
of repairing or servicing an item or equipment.

6. Define the following two terms:

✓ Failure mode

Failure mode refers to how a device, equipment, or machine can fail. It can fail as a
result of a defective motion or heat sensor, faulty alarm, or a wiring problem.

✓ Human reliability

Human reliability is related to the field of human factors and ergonomics, and refers
to the reliability of humans in fields including manufacturing, medicine and nuclear
power.

7. What is the difference between reliability and maintainability?

Maintainability is related to reliability because when a product or system fails,

there may be a process to restore the product or system to operating condition.
While reliability is the probability of a product successfully functioning as expected
for a specific duration within a specified environment.

8. What is the difference between logistic time and downtime?

The logistic time is the portion of downtime occupied by the wait for a
required part or tool. While the downtime is the total time during which the item is
not in satisfactory operating state.

9. List three most useful journals for obtaining maintainability-related information.

✓ IEEE Transactions on Reliability

Module Title: Prelim Learning Module 1 Name: Hanna F. Porras

Date: May 5, 2021 Page No.: 4 of 6

Instructor: Engr. Divine Mae Magangan
Yr. & Sec.: BSAeE 5-1 Activity No.: 1

✓ Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering

✓ Reliability Review

10. Compare historical developments in reliability and maintainability fields.

For maintainability fields, an early reference to maintainability may be traced back

to 1901 to the Army Signal Corps contract for development of the Wright brothers’
airplane, in which it was clearly stated that the aircraft should be “simple to operate and
maintain.” In the modern context, the beginning of the maintainability discipline may be
traced back to the period between World War II and the 1950s, when various efforts
directly or indirectly concerned with maintainability were initiated. One example of these
efforts is a 12-part series of articles that appeared in Machine Design in 1956 and covered
topics such as design of electronic equipment for maintainability, recommendations for
designing maintenance access in electronic equipment, and designing for installation. In
1960 the U.S. Air Force (USAF) initiated a program for developing an effective systems
approach to maintainability that ultimately resulted in the development of maintainability
specification MIL-M-26512. Many other military documents concerning maintainability
appeared in the latter part of the 1960s. Two examples of these documents are MIL-STD-
470 and MIL-HDBK-472. The first commercially available book on maintainability,
Electronic Maintainability appeared in 1960. While the reliability fields, the history of
reliability engineering may be traced back to World War II, when the Germans are
reported to have first introduced the reliability concept to improve the reliability of their V1
and V2 rockets. In 1950 the U.S. Department of Defense established an ad hoc committee
on reliability, and in 1952 it was transformed to a permanent group called the Advisory
Committee on the Reliability of Electronic Equipment (AGREE). The committee released its
report in 1957. In 1954 a national symposium on reliability was held for the first time in
the United States, and in 1957 the USAF released the first military specification (MIL-R-
25717 [USAF]), “Reliability Assurance Program for Electronic Equipment.” In 1962 the first
Module Title: Prelim Learning Module 1 Name: Hanna F. Porras

Date: May 5, 2021 Page No.: 5 of 6

Instructor: Engr. Divine Mae Magangan
Yr. & Sec.: BSAeE 5-1 Activity No.: 1

master’s degree program in system reliability engineering was started at the Air Force
Institute of Technology in Dayton, Ohio.

Module Activity:

1. Create a list of roles of Engineer and mechanic in aviation Industry. Then write an
essay on what skills and attitude you must have and needed to improve before
employment.
✓ Perform regular system inspections
✓ Maintain systems and equipment
✓ Repair or replace broken aircraft parts
✓ Assess proposals for projects to determine if they are technically and financially
feasible.
✓ Determine if proposed projects will result in safe operations that meet the defined
goals.
✓ Evaluate designs to see that the products meet engineering principles, customer
requirements, and environmental regulations.
I think I must have the skill of being a leader in the industry since I am an
Aeronautical Engineering student. I must practice and discipline myself the
responsibilities that may be given to me because I will be handling the safety and
lives of hundreds of passengers that are ready to board the aircraft. There is one
attitude that I want to develop. I want to be confident and stand as a leader. This
is the attitude that I have been trying to develop for years because I am always too
shy to talk to anyone. And this is the trait an Aeronautical Engineers should have,
confidence.
2. Outline of the required factors/parameters in reliability, maintenance, availability
and quality.
Some of the specific factors that play, directly or indirectly, an instrumental
role in increasing the importance of reliability in designed systems include high
Module Title: Prelim Learning Module 1 Name: Hanna F. Porras

Date: May 5, 2021 Page No.: 6 of 6

Instructor: Engr. Divine Mae Magangan
Yr. & Sec.: BSAeE 5-1 Activity No.: 1

acquisition cost; complexity; safety-, reliability-, and quality-related lawsuits; public

pressures; and global competition. These factors clearly indicate a definite need for
maintainability, maintenance, and reliability professionals to work closely during the
product design and operation phases. To achieve this goal successfully, it is
absolutely essential that they have some understanding of each other’s discipline.

May 5, 2021

Date Hanna F. Porras