ant CANONICAL AND STANDARD FORMS OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM SIE AR CREE REDS RAMMING PROBLEM Tre gen problem must be available in a Post cutax we Bepeu Ux gind the Actubion Two 4pm» cu deat! lth tow tre Cansnicol qu and the standard er: The Canonical Fox The genmral Linco Progamming Problem can aluonys be put an the pettowing, pe, collid the Canonical ,ou: Maxime x= BGs, a Subjecr vo Says Sb itt a,- im 3 yo, Gedo The chotactedidio. ey thin porn ome CO Bbjective pendion is oy mati mixelion type, GY ai constsaints ove oe the C< )eype (ereept ron- negativity Sustxiction which oe 0 Cv) type), Gi) aM atsision Vosiobles ose non-negative. Ary Liner progiamming problim tan be pur tn the Canoni cod pprm by the ux ef s0me elementos transpermations . \ The minimigation ep function POLY Sy eQLivoline bo the mnatitns otion ep the Degabve RUPTUION oy, thin punditen “P(t ) ein Le CAT Cyt max Ge k= Cry Oe ba. Pm Eoequaldy wrrtvaint o Cr) type tan be changed © OF snequaldy % CS) type by mubb plying both ai dts : e inequoldy wy -\- ‘Scanned with CamScanner2-2) eee ~ Oh A Ort 7b -Ak Ate s-b 3. dn equation may be eplactd wy two weak Gnequalities 19 Oppoudke divectiom - eer Aka Arts=b AALES Sb and Att. Zh CH) ata sb and -ack Aste Sb int With absolut (pm OF the Sept hard Ke An inequality Conky cr & Combinalion ep Hor regulon inequalite Bide can be TH HSEd we: fos bo Vor Aorta bb ja equivalent to ar Oke Sb Gnd AWA Oa dy-b otto Yow abl Swe hove qmumed the decision voriabia 1 un consty in ackual Praba , Vosdabre me be woh Atualion at 4 two non - negative non -negadive , ~olned Cunrestried ) in sign to & exprened ab he cipypoune dyekWten NO alolis \ . me ee" Whew FZ ond Fx 0 ion problem Can alo be in Conenical pom negative and oll as consteannlt Remark: Ro eoiniimixal 4 qdl BL yoriabl oe on = ose Or) EHP ‘Scanned with CamScannerThe standard Form We general Linear Progamming Problem con allouys doe put wn the: ppbawing youn catlud the Abandord yet 9 mox (or Min ) z= 2 Sy J Subject to lag tbr, tm $e xp yo , SRD and wd Tre main Chowcedatin of tre skandand pom are * AW Vesdalbles ox men - negative : a The dught hand Ride Sp cock Fonsbront non negative 3B: PM constrain Gow expremed oF equations Ww Glojectave punciion may bee mation 2obon ee mini ela gon pe: a) LP problem cor ye puk 29 Atd peu adith vhe ‘help % Some oburaink Ory, Leto yyumaliions Dareskided voxiabe 5 CO Yow TLPENSEA OF tre Dye 4 tuo noe - negubive vosiallo - a Ty waht hand bide eh & torakyaink J nepotive , ik sf, anubtipled &9 Yooth Aides Wy A tO rake ab we TRE SII, Bp, weourse, meyour che AiQn Py inequality - B. The ineqpatity commbsorntt Ont changid to eoyrotity Conmksains OY adding ov Aubstiadk ng O non- negative Nosiohl, ptom to Jaye hard Aides o, uth LOnabiaunts calted Hach vouoble & surplus vosiable suespectively . Such an LP problem ppsmed copter the pak sodettion, MF Bou of Surplus variable ja seppemulated LP problem - ‘Scanned with CamScannerry SIMPLEX METHOD TA has not bern persible 20 elotoin tre, gpenprical a Re LP Problim BY NWO han ton Viable - Tn such Coes, daly Used ienples method adopted liilien to O& simple and mort Wi hich com developed by Ge Dantzig ‘9 ‘ant Computotional proudwe O Simplex netnod Bard Considue the Bintow progtomming problem Max Zs day + Ot, Subjecr © Conatrant ths Sy My -ta 2 Mi, tLwd Solution; Qteop i: Firk obsewe whether all sight side Constants B wre corkvountt os non- negate Th pot > ik tan be Changed inte positive Volus en multiplying both sides Op the Lonatrainu by -) SRP 2 + Conve Bre sregualdy Cormbyvoinks *© equabers by Inkxoducing She non -negative Mack oe Surplus vesicles Tre coupidens Op Alads oF aurplu Voodabls ou ahicay Lokin xexo An the objective pendior Si Mox zs Bryer Ava OS, + O84. Sulgjeck be Comat cunts : 277d Steps: . Combruct the Qhosthin Sinplex teats ‘Scanned with CamScanner= 2 o_o Basic a Nontobiy |o® ef Ke 8: Sa | Min: vatio * ° why \ \ Ny Optimaldy Tat: Y20, he aplulion under Lut boil be gptimnal: TB MEAS i i ‘ ek a Ty ak Leuk Ore Ay Y negative, tne goubien aa Xu . Jenprove The olution sn the Ete: AS, olh elements ey tre 2 AdUEON under net Opti, hen protard bo Gi) Uy Corresponding wo any 1 tive Cdn %) Ge Negative ov Zorg (<0), then toi bok will be Unbounded » SEP Ns Ln ode 0 ienprore Xn basic prot soutien, the Verkee enkoting Ene bare natty Cramed a1 incoming Neto) ond bre verlse fe be removed Brom he Wooric mabe COUFgD SS verre oe dabouniond - Incoming Ue | The Incoming Vek %q ds GLLOO, Sebscked Corus pending 40 the ens oegabve volun ey Ay Pow Aye mie LA A] emin l-3 2) =73 2d) Ouk going Vege . The outgoing Neuter B, is rckected Lovseap ondiog to the minimum tain Bp ements By ts by the werespon ding ORLA : . us Sune oy predeteaniacd Incoming Yeetor Rye Trig sulle ay Minimum Rabin Rule + ‘Scanned with CamScanner2-6 | The Sarenk of the antergediion Bp) minimum -~salio QW and Soterning vector cove S41 callid as Key element ov pivot Cement Min tokio Ah 2p 3 : \ | ZeCarg o 7s ° 5] Repeat Prteviow xtept NR, = PR + NR, GS. 2 oo Rowe Cy Xe fm xe 8) 8a) [Min Ratio Nowiobles | ‘Scanned with CamScannery -T 2 Minzs %y- 3454 Ag 2 Barapa Buy ST, Dee wria sie) NATH Hg S10, GHG yO Sul Converting ae objective jpnction piem minioixation Lo raxin Max 7 = min -) Ut SXa~ AX, FOS, + 08,4083 Bayo tat Sug 4827 TAX, FUGA OAS, 21D. HA, T3%_ A SAGAS, 710 po GA 3-2 0 o 9 11 —————_ RBaric yoriobls) Cp He 1 % BS gs Sy } ive oo tT/3 7 3 1 o 0 Th cee megane oa fy oo 1 0 Ay <— wily 3 g 0 0 Lily, | ZeCye (Avl ASS Aya Aye Deo Deo ) | . Basic Vasiabia | Gas -2 0 ° Loic Nowiobis Cx xg) % NR,= PR NR, WA, PRA- BNR, t 5 Si B__-2 oo 6 Bowe vowene| Ce ap U4, 8, 8, g, linin wats a a es 0 Ke, Bf lo * s sje i. i Ve BS oO 19 7 ufo ° Mat ay \ ZeCge Avo ia NR, = PR + ENA NR3 > PRs +5 NR, ‘Scanned with CamScanner xa car2k We optimal solution bs Wh » t75,%Z70 eming = X17 3%, * XS = h- 3(s) *alo) z= 0S, 408 Manzi: ein tex) 2 —L FETT AL; HOH FOS ANS ~H 43(s)- alo) +040 49 = 3) mox x: BA + Ary aeey MFA TFZSHZO, SVTALZ SLO, %tYyt, S420, Wi, %s 7/0 ~ \ Max Le 3X4 AX4 S34 OS) tO8, 70S, | Ht Wtoaxyt $2430 | BRVAOX, FALZ*S, = HO i Aya Ay AOW;tSZ > HAO j | | | | cS a Oo oO Bose variables [Ca Xe |x. % x, Sy S. Ss_[ Min vakio Sy © aco |-y. [TR] 2 1 he © [too Rs ET asols, © 1 © % O |az0 Ss “Ss o JO ka fy mB 8 Ot Io “Gg INR=PR-NR, = 27 SO APY, MQ OD GG r s ‘Scanned with CamScannerSY 3S &€a FS 89 BD oO 2-4 Boric Neouabtes [a Xe] Fy %. %, 8) SP Sy Ay 2 00 oy o hy 5 ago 5 2.2 ° 83 o aja oo o -a 1 t N@=PRy mmx hk 0 6 y ao NR3 = PRa- ANA, Je yO , %y2 lOO, Xz 7230 More BHA AAATSS 3L0) +a Lrvo i) Moaxz 2 3%, *S#24 &Kg Bubjecr to consbraids » 8x. 434.<8 AX tSag FID 3%, 4 AK FEL: CIT +5(230)2 1380 He X70 Max Zs Zx\4 Sta 7 4%y 705,405, 405, Lyx BtA*OXZAS, =B Ox, +QKrt S4z4Sz = 1D Bay tars tHe a+ $3718 i = 4 oO Oo oO Bente vovd Ce te [* te ts SS 83] rin waaio Sy o gfa Blo 1 0 fl && 8. o w f@ Q9 & 2 ' ory 83 o iw ls a y 0 0 Vhy, % Z-Cyt [3 -S -y 0 6 9 ‘Scanned with CamScannerBasic variable] Ca Xp] 4%, 4%, $1 Sr $3 | Min a he 5 %\% + & %& © © ey, 4 0 [ol 2 ROR) ys ce Sa o MB) 3 Je 2 Oo | aa |s y -% aa Ss fo 314 ° 3 Hh y - 5 ° Baz PR,-anR, 278% a o 4 3 o | ph * NRqz PRy-anki Sas a | Borie variabies Sy $3_| Min vaste | | ° ° Tg Sr3e4 bs %y, Ys © | osgeacl “2 7 1 |e puss 29 rife, Ss 2 0 2k Ne jeeps <—B Ban cee : “ae NRoePRo N&y> PRa- ANRg | Boric Variables Ca Xo | Xe * 5 8 > wi {OV 8 a Sy oo we 4 2 lo 0 1 bg \ my 3 Ze ayooN Ww uw NR, PR TA NR DSR oat i NR) PPR, -2NRS Sey Bx 280 ° a wi an yy Mort > 34.4542 +ULZ 40S, 105,405, = (8a 5(2) +4 (G) r05, 208, 405 * 16S is optimal © Ve-8s 2D = ‘Scanned with CamScannerB) Min Zz %5-3% a7 94g Subject Lo conptrainds 3% -43 4 ate <1 “Axyty ts

° & |e, 7 ZB *0 , 3 0 Qa 0, 7 9 ---a-_9-________— my Xe Ke | Min vakio y 0 he My Vi. | 43 3 ) | “1 y% 2° 0 | B}o wor % “Ap,| oralededl My ° vio -% ° ™% 8 Cy 4 Ys, zeCyt AO *Y, ym + uy s PR AN a ee whys PR4-SNRy ses OX co ‘Scanned with CamScanner292 Gio A 3 9 -a io Basic wotiabl| Ca X_ |X, %, Xs %y Xe Hy Mia vatio| y ho rh fae O Fy ty 8 | \ ° | L ve 9 1 Yo A 3 >» s -Y, 10 hy . u V o 8 Y> Ve 0 0 Ws % 0 NB, PR, LR , !s_& NRs2 PR34 SNR, heh n Ayes ‘ Aer “Min Ze Xq—B%3 > Ihe > -3(6) + alo) =n Alternative borer % Above 0X35 GW Mig 22 %-3%.9 24g Budde to combroants 34, G TAG ST sant ta 1%) ~URLAZ ALA; C10 Xi he %3770 GO win Ls ko - B4a4 We Sunjer to Lomabraunts Wy tBtg- tyre? 7 TAA,TUAgr Ry > Hig + BH yrengthe slo Wyta ss X70 ‘Scanned with CamScannera-i3 Degenexauy problums At the stage innproving tht solution during Aimplex procedure, mininura tatio Xp/x_ (xXx r0) ds Aeberenined stn the Lost tolumn B Kimpta Loble Lo pind the fey 108 But Somibimes bis vatlo may not be dAaukermingd de Woy Uaentak as noe drktrmined ox OF Whe vouy poe Lebusllion - The Vole ey ont erciroos vee Nevdololu, on the Xe Colurnn etome eoyral do 700, ni, UPD Prwrdiun oF; Sapenes acy 5 Ve Man Le BAU dubjedk to Wroksaunts Wa ch a o 9 fF L&T J =m T ay ay ° o 8 + & a \ ° oO OO Twi Besic Vorlabin|ts ts | 8, ty A Cd la & ° 2 ly oo ott 3% 8 a - ° a por Vr o UW V% \ s a) _ 2 ° 8 for yoy 1 RM - %, ‘Scanned with CamScannere 0° > 1 Bose Cy Ss, Ss S$, & %y | Min tabo} | Nowiabses Cee 1%) | Sy ° 4 \ al ° 4 Ny Sy ° b \ ty 0 {| ee ry % a alo oY \ My | -2%, segptite value A eyeded, | o Vo o 8r, Ss ° - 1 y 1 2 ny ° o aye a \ > Jo Yo lee ean ty & 2 ° \ y a ve 1 i Ne ° oD 1 Oo} it i ° Mar Ke BAe 2 a(%)*> 25 ‘Scanned with CamScanner3. Solve -the jolloong L.P, Problum by Simplex facthod Min cs Hy, - Stat dts Sub to 34, -%2 + ATS C7 atyenta, Yo HMA s Sta thr S10 ty As, 4370 ‘Scanned with CamScannera-tb Concept OF dually Fox eveu LP problem thou 4s yalated unique LP problem Comotner LP): The given original programme i called the primal Programme (PP: This Progrorme Can be suozditen by transporing Greversing) the sows and column 6} the algebraic Abakement the Problem. Inveding tnt progtamme in this Way souls in ducal proytamme(D) +» The voriablu oe, duds progyrarnme oe Wnowe ay duo voidoly - Dush Problem vohin Primal is in Corenival Fox En) Construct Une dural to the primal problem Mox Z = 3k, *S%o Suyjek AK ASX LEO Buyt dtr 335 Say 3%Xa LO Yo lonabsoint Js converted into ¥ Consbe ~tok WY Tubliplying pot Aidt by a ge yaa ba <-3 mia YO = -3y 282 Supjed te 71739, 773 Byer TB F842 7G Sizd 4 Ys 7d ‘Scanned with CamScannerQ-e Dual Problem when Primal is in the Slardard Form Ext Conmtruck the dural e the problem mi * ots in is yt B4R, ESSE, mex ogee com Sup tw Qt \44. <3 < Sg Yo , os o' Ht ar st bua re s ~My Ake tanger % Xa, 3 ZO Seuaion: Fox mini , OU Constraints should be o, > type ~ AS’ (onatvaint - ax\-ta 7-3 34 constraint con be exprured cr a THA A arse a and -HttrtAIysa OF A Hyako re aay ZQ and ey —%r-d1g B-a Te Are Problem beromes Min Z = O%rti + 3%q Sub bo > at\-%a 7-3 WA ALL tbAy WO ~ Mya tea arta7za Ayr Boar Atg7y-a Wy Ae AQ wo heb Uy, Gaus andl 4") be the 90n cregodive discal pemeeeee Duet oy tre problim din Mar Ws - 34, +Sy,% 845 - dy5 - +b Sup te ay tds Wyse “29. ~ 24, <4 -35, ~1 Huh ~ & “tre given prcblim beter Moar x2 Ab ARDAAG Qub bt ta-ta sb Bx - AVL*3H3S3 = aay alas 345 $73 ~UAVEBX_—OU3S1 Uk y= Bte tO%a 7) ho Yi Te ro MS jy, be the amodated non negate dual vovriablu- ‘Scanned with CamScannerMin BY = -byrr3 Ue “By x Cay -UsD, ~4y aa ty, -e) = 4 C8, -y)) 72 HS- ays -4.") #3 (4-9) %1 3.83 (G,-42) - 609; -yy yo! Sipe, ul ,4s , w zally o Qubabitubsg Va uy eu, and Ye-83°8 cow both uncestwcbeel an ign Te dual problem petomu | yohoe Ye Sy onin He —bY \+34a*4a> HU tayn TY4377 -Uy- aun 34a 7! “yy + 342.7643 | | i | | ‘ an AYg9 | Yiwd 4 Uy and 43 nai onal | i imal oblem | potain the duo % Ue qpllowing, primal pr [ x= > pr de prs Bub WW aX+ BH a Ata SE “ Qt \- dia 79 - wack St, EUArtF WS ceunuted * Hy, %2 770, 3 aa un reren ion * ylim can we One Qolubion Given pro = ay oF Min Z> Bu y- a, TMI TNS 1 oS Quah to AX, 34 3 wy SS ~ key - Be 774 ~ ea, cuna t3%a78 Uy, Wa? wy) 5 %D Fiod ab qlual probtten Sigh | Ry, AB% Sey re Wy a BU i 863 wv A ste A ee Behe emma GHIA sD Wives. we LES te Si98 ‘Scanned with CamScannerte, Computions! Procedure GY dural simplex enethoot TO Rind Une initial nolwtion yshidh 4 inpteusios but optinal TE So dipyjust te Yd) . Als guuid,,o Ataxting bauic Aolubion bo the psimeb with alt: Zj- cy 770 (ae Optimal) - However, ik is Cray 40 ebtoin Auth On snikial looic solution ,6% typical Hype oy Problims only C yr Auch prollums the durol niraple eo cthod Ls applicable ) Fixak 5 a, we should Humember Eat + can pod QL indtioh basic Aolubion ko the prinnal with al 4- G70 only woken GSD gp Evy | a Bre wmortimizakion ohjeive proction crust be non— positive din ordse BD find oF initial kien to About ith dul simplex method * Sov Excl) Find an an ss but optional oxic KOLUBIEN £9 Lhe Linear prtogarnming problem ° Max 2: Hy - bho 7 (Ota Qubjer to %143%3779 Wa 4at37 S Hyp Aa hyo — Seep + First oy Hy Oe judge Whetbor wt > poritale OF not bo Pod on inytouitede Yuk optimal Base SOlUti on Siow the edjustive puncton ds that 9 matin’ z0biOn and oD GUS cw acpptive Coy er Gath, -ie ), youre Lo yo much a bkodtiog Solution Tnbro dude, Aunplus Vor ablis %Xy ond Is to eoth | Lonikxoink we have, %:43%g “hue 3 f Mead, Rye AT HW ha, te, hu, As 70 ‘Scanned with CamScanner we BDre NOW , v reals ply comb raink equation through -\ HH, -3% gee YE HKp- ANG x2 7S Boric verviobls | Cp ky | Hi Me Ha Hy AS y gee | Ayes o \ ° Ls. o fo 4 Fo ' Ze Cy* H 6 Ww Oo o| : tee THe mrknod oS} Avlubton Heguitts Jano condition, optically ond re [eeibitity - The optionally condition ermswun Unnk Une Astution xemain, optimal a the time vshil, Wane peor bi ey condition pre dhe basic solutions kousqdn Dae non -negadiyity % ranic Vordaloles The GUbOUO [pt Leaving, Veckor ensuscs the eesbil - XY Condition Ue Hoe Totowa ad EAKES ng, ye boy SMUT kane opti moby, uondition * To fod Bre wee (By) do Suave dhe \oonis = -S2%B2 Seep 2° hee 2 (Ka yer) = Pn (-ao-s) eee Seeg d To hoe Be entoding vero by 2 mat [roost sha Te Aa ae grep ws Reve proud ds sepeabed Unt Lhe elomenls vain Column Fy we positive Volur + ‘Scanned with CamScanner2-23 2 Bowe Vu yplowing problem by daral simplex method - Min ee ALTA Subjeck fp st \rta77d War dta 76 Mt ada 773 Ly Hr 70 —~ Sup V+ Ma x) s@2) =~ aya = BX Xa S-3 ~Ht, -342 ob -t,>au2<-3 Ay, Wa 70 \ Tntro ducing Kiar vorGablts Max 2 2 - aki K a TOL AXORY HOLS Hany ta ahaecd Hoty = BH TEU Hk ay \ © Me hy 4 \ = oO =. ° \ ° 8 ° Fo Yoo Jrawing, WeUOL = HA (3, -6,-3] 2-6 208k Fo ed enbtsing VOU YL veg y Tas (A, | ‘Scanned with CamScannerBoric vauobls | cg xg | my x %s ta ts -) ty » Fal ° 17%, 8 a “V2 Jug th o Ys, 2 as o \ 7 is o 7%! o o % °° NR = PALANR, 5 4 iG NRg> PR + ONRo Saovirg xevor tel entusing vest worl Mx, bela sel Boric vowiabls| Ca %o *y at Hy ai ae ° NR. = PAg ~ YaNRy Nas = PRy - SNR Pome dpe tet bie o Fae tye ts70 Mit? Whey a | a, 212 s ‘Scanned with CamScanner3. Use Baw duol simplex method Min £2 BtA% Suojeck to Hts 77! Ay ata 72 Ht, 70 7 max 2: Ga) Maye -34,- Hy *O%Z HONG HA ha S-) myo ka 4% 377 7 Ay -3k2 72 -any-34arkur a ets 71S W, 43.770 Eads Jeaving Yetwe mio (4, A= 2 \ . 22 ALT Ind Aertos MOK (a 4 ] - * 6 ° oa Bone Nowohay Cy Se a % os \ . te A 8m \ Ze lye Wy, = ® o 6 NR, = PRANK Leaving vetkor min (5)= “Ys, exing, VES %%,) (%,] ‘Scanned with CamScanner1 ° ° Me Ms ya We ee o 3 \ ee 5 ° \ ° Bxytke 2 3(o)t\ eal h) Use re duro! simplex method bo Aolve May ze - Bly 1s, Subject to KH ytty-%g WET Mat tts 78 Wyte, ML WO 7 Mor x: — di moka - 43 HA Ha ty S78 HA ALL “Us S-B Mey Aa tywo Tovrcodndiag ahooh voiobls ay & te ay we thy TUQ eS HHL AAR, “LLg AK OF Hw - S ~a e =! oo Bone vousll | Cy Me Ay Mn xy xy hs ° -s oN ot u 1 ° o 78k “\ a [ER 0 Zs tex o ‘Scanned with CamScannermy Resic vodabls| Ca %y | Xe Fs Hu tu Wy My 8 oO My tn fot EF NB\= PRL NBS Leasing vedor ¥* oie (7) enesing Ve MONTH Hy, Mel Ne 2 PRALINE e,el4 pase | | ho Mane 7 akg -13 | = -a(o) 004-4 7 Se in Ze Gt gett FSH AERY | Buoy to Aye bt y “BHA AY 712 Ae ASAg ~bty 7 LO i DH ASa a dts AKG 7k Weta ty ud { ‘Scanned with CamScannerAstipecial vorioble Tee 2-28 * Linear Progtorming problum, in sohicdh consbroinks ro. rave Ss! and *' Signs ayer tmswring Phat all bi OM 70, Gn Auch Probl basic mati > dt not obtained as an identity matrix in the. auanting Broplee babie , Houpere we inkxodue o ners Lype oe, vevabl. called, the ontiyeal veriahle, Thue Vouabts ww Radio and Cannet hove Any progical meaning. Big tostnudod (crewed pera witha’) Caenpudational Skg4 wp big M= etna ome as Aheted below Skep + Expres Ant problem iin the skandood yr cae 2 jfual Vendatotes ko the Jaye SE nating FO Conmkvoins ® the que added ut Beep 2> Add non ~ ncgodve oti tach | Une equation Compe eype 7) and ‘st Wahine yyccal Noniablts rourponsing corstvarnk * ws | void yoo | Comms Nistakion op the B yyy da Bemoved’ by, introdutdng a Condition arywur. that artitud Vortabls will be ero in We Solution provided Khe AvIUE On 6p the problem eal). On the Other hand, as the problun does net Wave a solution | ot \east One Yee cocipital variable wil Apple in Khe fined Solubion Lith postive valu - TH 2s odsiived by esigning, oO Vou Jorge pier Cove vnily penalty ) to there vodahles fo ee objuttive panction «Such Lorne paar raith be dararated dy —M Yor sonimixakion problems (tm pos Trini mization problems) Who Myo" seep: Qo Ke hoot use the atifidal Vasiol ts feu he Stool ng Solukion ond procead With the Wo Aeoples outing uri He optioned Aolviion as Gokolned: ‘Scanned with CamScanner2-24 ! 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