Veterinary Clinical Surgery Prepared By: Asad Arslan

Topic No. 01 vdrasad@gmail.com

Outline

Routine Surgical Instruments

01: Needle Holders
02: Scalpels
03: Blades
04: Forceps
Hemostatic Forceps:
i. Mosquito Forceps
ii. Kelly Forceps
iii. Crile Forceps
iv. Carmalt Forceps
v. Satinsky Forceps
vi. Bull Dog Clamp
Thumb/ Dressing Forceps:
i. Adson Forceps
ii. Adson-Brown Forceps
iii. Rat-Tooth
iv. DeBakey
v. Russian
Tissue Forceps
i. Allis
ii. Babcock
iii. Doyen
iv. Mixter
Other Forceps
i. Sponge Forceps
ii. Ochsner & Kocher Forceps
05 Scissors
Sharp-blunt Scissors
Mayo Scissors
Metzenbaum Scissors
Iris Scissors
Tenotomy Scissors
Bandage (Lister) Scissors
Suture Scissors
06 Towel Clamps
Backhaus Clamp
Roeder Clamp
Lorna Clamp
Jones Towel Clamp
07 Other Instruments
Ameroid Constrictor
Bone Cutting Forceps
Bone Holding Forceps
Bone Rasp
Bone Screws & plates
Miscellaneous
 Routine Surgical Instruments

01: Needle Holders

Usage: to grasp suture needles
Parts: Shown in pic
Types: 02
Mayo-Hegar Needle Holder (Holder only)
Olsen-Hegar Needle Holder (Holder + Suture Scissor)

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02: Scalpels
Usage:
Parts:
to carry blades to make surgical incisions
02
• Handle
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• Blade
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Types: 02
• Blade fixed with handle
• Removable blade with handle
Size Types: (04)
• Beaver (Smaller-Ophthalmic & Joints usage)
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• #3 (short)
• #4
• #7
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03: Blades
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Usage: to make surgical incisions

Parts: Single
Types: Stitch Cutter Blade
Based on scalpel size
Blades # 10, 11, 12, 12B, 15, 15 C = Scalpel #3
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Blades # 20, 21, 22, 23 = Scalpel #4

Blades # 64, 65 = Beaver Scalpel

Most commonly used blade in Vet. Practices = #10

Beaver handle + Blades

04: Forceps
Usage: to grasp, retract, or stabilize tissue
Types: 04
1. Hemostatic Forceps
2. Thumb Forceps
3. Tissue Forceps
4. Other Forceps
Hemostatic Forceps
1. Hemostatic Forceps:
Crushing material used to temporarily clamp and occlude bleeding vessels.
Have rachet mechanism to get locked.
Following are some types of it;
Mosquito Forceps
i. Mosquito Forceps:

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Transverse striations = entire length
Used to grasp & crush small vessels.
Not good for large vessels.
Available in curved & straight shape.

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Kelly Forceps
ii. Kelly Forceps:
Transverse striations = half length
Used to grasp & crush small to medium vessels
Available in curved & straight shape
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iii. Crile Forceps: Crile Forceps

Larger jaw.
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Transverse striations = entire length

For small to medium sized vessels
Available in curved & straight shape
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iv. Carmalt Forceps: Carmalt Forceps

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Rochester-Carmalt
Longitudinal striations = entire length
Used to ligate pedicles, clamp large vessels & tissues
Available in curved & straight shape
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v. Satinsky Forceps:
No striations
Used in Laparoscopy & non-traumatically occlusion

Satinsky Forceps

vi. Bull Dog Clamp:

Small and tight clamps
Used to occlude blood vessels during vascular surgery
Come with various modifications

Bull Dog Clamps

 2. /Thumb/ Dressing Forceps
Non-locking
May or may not have teeth
Used for manipulation & grasping of tissues during surgery

i. Adson Forceps:
Have fine serrated rat toothed tips.
Used to manipulate fascia & skin during surgery & suturing

ii. Adson-Brown Forceps:

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Have multiple intermeshing tip
Used to hold fascia, sub-cut fat and cotton

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iii. Rat-Tooth:
Have interdigitating teeth tip
Used to hold irregular and slippery tissues

iv. DeBakey:
Longitudinally striated tip.
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Used in vascular procedures to avoid tissue damage & to pick vessels
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v. Russian:
Have serrated circular cup-shaped tip
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Used to hold thick tissues with more grip

3. Tissue Forceps:
To enable tissue handling during surgery.
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Are traumatic hence be avoided to apply on skin & functional organs.

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i. Allis:
Have varying no. of teeth on jaw.
Used to hold fascia & connective tissues.

ii. Babcock
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Have longitudinal striations on jaws.

Less traumatic than Allis.
Designed to hold intestines.

iii. Doyen:
Longitudinal striations on entire jaw length.
Used in gastric and intestinal surgery.
Are long (6.5 to 9 inches).

iv. Mixter:
Transversally serrated blunted curved tip.
Used in ‘hard to reach areas’
Helpful in Cardiovascular, Thoracic, Gall bladder & Biliary surgery.
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4. Other Forceps:

i. Sponge Forceps:
May or may not be serrated.
Both curved & straight.
Used in final sterilization stage during surgical sight preparation.

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Avoid surgeon’s hand contamination.

ii. Ochsner & Kocher Forceps:

Have transverse striations & large teeth.

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Used to prevent tissue slippage.
Rarely used in veterinary (as these are highly traumatic).
Used in Orthopedic surgery to hold bony fragments.
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05 Scissors:
Come with different configurations e.g. Sharp-sharp, blunt-blunt, sharp-blunt etc. & different sized.
Used to cut fascia and tissues.

i. Sharp-blunt Scissors:
One sharp point blade & one blunt point blade.
Used to cut sutures intraoperatively.
Used to cut tissue bluntly.

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ii. Mayo Scissors:
Long handle with very sharp blades.
Used to cut thick tissues (e.g. of uterus), connective tissues & fused sutures.
Beneficial in deep procedures.

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Both straight & curved.

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iii. Metzenbaum Scissors:
Long handle to blade ratio.
Used for blunt dissection and to cut delicate & soft tissues.
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iv. Iris Scissors:

Can be curved or straight.
Vary in size.
Used in Ophthalmic procedures.
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v. Tenotomy Scissors
Have blunt tip.
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Can be curved or straight.

Vary in size.
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Used in ophthalmic & Neurosurgery- for delicate tissues.

vi. Bandage (Lister) Scissors

Bottom blade is large with nodule at tip.
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Nodule avoid injuring skin while removing bandage.

Used for bandage removal.

vii. Suture Scissors

Has notch at one blade.
Used to remove post-healing sutures.
Notch allows to grasp suture-loop better.
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06 Towel Clamps:

i. Backhaus Clamp:

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Have sharp point ends
Secures drapes to the patient’s skin

ii. Roeder Clamp:

Same as Backhaus clamps but have ball-stop on each shaft.

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Ball-stops limit tissue penetration.

iii. Lorna Clamp: As

Used to secure instruments with drapes (e.g. suction lines)
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iv. Jones Towel Clamp:

Small and light weight.
Desirable for Ophthalmic use.
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07 Other Instruments:
i. Ameroid Constrictor:
Stainless steel ring with inner Casein ring.
Casein ring become swollen on fluid absorption.
It closes vessels over period of week.

ii. Bone Cutting Forceps:

Stille-Liston Double Action:

Bone cutting forceps to get access to surgical field.

Liston Bone-Cutting Forceps:

Also, a bone cutter.

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Ruskin Bone-Cutting Forceps:
Cutter for smaller bones.

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iii. Bone Holding Forceps:

Kern & Lane:

Two jaws each with prong.
Get good grasp at bone.
With and without rachet.
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Speedlock:
Have clam-shell jaw.
Hold bone fragments during surgery.
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Sharp Bone Reduction:

Have pointed tips & rachet.
Used to hold bone fragments.
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iv. Bone Rasp:

To make bone cut edges smooth.
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v. Bone Screws & plates:

To maintain bone position & place during healing period.

vi. Miscellaneous:
Drills
Mallet
Curettes
Gigli Wire
Saw Wire
Kirshner Wire & pins
Osteotomes