托福阅读文章分类

本分类为四大类：自然科学、生物科学、社会科学、其他学科
自然科学包括：地质学、天文学
生物科学：植物学、动物学、生态\环境学
社会科学：艺术、历史\考古学、心理\生理学、社会学

自然科学
一、地质学
冰川类
1.OG：Green Icebergs
2.TPO 15：Glacier Formation
3.TPO 19：Discovering the Ice Ages
地质类
1.OG：Desert Formation
2.OG：Geology and Landscape
3.TPO 01：Groundwater
4.TPO 03：Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer
5.TPO 07：The Geologic History of the Mediterranean
6.TPO 12：Water in the Desert
7.TPO 20：Fossil Preservation
8.TPO 21：Geothermal Energy
9.TPO 24：Lake Water
10. TPO 27: The Formation of Volcanic Islands
11. TPO 29: The History of Waterpower
二、天文学
火星类
1.TPO 08：Running Water on Mars
2.TPO 25：The Surface of Mars
其他行星类
1.TPO 16：Planets in Our Solar System
2.TPO 22：The Allende Meteorite

生物科学
一、植物学
1.Sample：Opportunity and Competitors
2. TPO 01: Timberline Vegetation on Mountains
3.TPO 05：Minerals and Plants
4.TPO 09：The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii
5.TPO 25：The Evolutionary Origin of Plants
6.TPO 22：Spartina
7. TPO 29: Competition
二、动物学
动物特点
1.OG：Swimming Machines
2.OG：Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores
3.TPO04：Deer Population of the Puget Sound
4.TPO 13：Biological Clock
5.TPO 15：A Warm-blooded Turtle
6.TPO 17：Symbiotic Relationship
7.TPO27: Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes
8.TPO27: Predator-Prey Cycle
9.TPO 30: Role of Play in Development
10.TPO 30: The Pace of Evolutionary Change
动物变化
1.Sample：Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction
2.TPO 05：The Cambrian Explosion
3.TPO 08：Extinction of The Dinosaurs
4.TPO 15：Mass Extinctions
动物行为
1.TPO 02：The Origins of Cetaceans
2. TPO 11：Orientation and Navigation
3.TPO 11：Begging by Nestlings
4.TPO 17：Animal Signals in The Rain Forest
三、生态/环境学
生态系统
1.TPO 03：The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems
2.TPO 19：Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems
3.TPO 26：Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions
环境特点
1.Sample：Electricity from Wind
2.TPO 04：Petroleum Resources
3.TPO 10：Variations in the Climate
4.TPO 18：Lightning
5.TPO 23：Urban Climates
社会科学
一、艺术
绘画/雕塑/陶瓷
1.Sample：Lascaux Cave Paintings
2.TPO04：Cave Art in Europe
3.TPO 10：Chinese Pottery
4.TPO 11：Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
5.TPO 23：Rock Art of the Australian Aborigines
6.TPO 27: Crafts in the Ancient New East
建筑/戏剧/电影/
1.OG：Applied Arts and Fine Arts
2.TPO 01：The Origins of Theater
3.TPO02：Early Cinema
4.TPO03：Architecture
5.TPO 12：Transition to Sound in Film
6.TPO 22：The Birth of Photography
二、历史/考古学
工业化介绍
1.OG：Artisans and Industrialization
2.TPO 06：Powering the Industrial Revolution
3.TPO 18：Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia
4.TPO 26：Energy and the Industrial Revolution
贸易/经济介绍
1.TPO 10：Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth
2.TPO14：Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia
3.TPO 16：Trade and the Ancient Middle East
4.TPO 17：Europe’s Early Sea Trade with Asia
5.TPO 25：The Decline of Venetian Shipping
农业发展介绍
1.TPO 07：Agriculture, Iron, and The Bantu Peoples
2.TPO21：The Origins of Agriculture
3.TPO 23：Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture
国家/城市特点
1.OG：Nineteenth-Century Politics inThe United States
2. TPO 08：The Rise of Teotihuacan
3.TPO 07：Ancient Rome and Greece
4.TPO 14：Maya Water Problems
5.TPO 19：The Roman Army’s Impact on Britain
6.TPO 26：Sumer and The First Cities of The Ancient Near East
7.TPO 29: Characteristics of Roman Army
人口变化特点
1.TPO 05：The Origins of the Pacific Island People
2.TPO 09：Colonizing the Americas Via The Northwest Coast
3.TPO 20：Westward Migration
4.TPO 20：Early Settlement in the Southwest Asia
5.TPO 24：Moving into Pueblos
三、心理/生理学
1.OG：Aggression
2.OG：The Expression of Emotion
3.TPO 06：Infantile Amnesia
4.TPO 13：Methods of Studying Infant Perception
5.TPO 18：The Mystery of Yawning
6.TPO 21：Autobiographical Memory
7.TPO 24：Breathing during Sleep
四、社会学
1. TPO 14：Children and Advertising
2.TPO 09：Reflection in Teaching
3.TPO 13：Types of Social Groups
其他学科类
1.OG：Loie Fuller
2.TPO 06：William Smith
3.TPO 16：Development of the Periodic Table
4.TPO 12：Which Hand Did They Use?
5.TOP 28: Early Saharan Pastoralists
6.TPO 30 The Invention of the Mechanical Clock