Efficacy of Rice Water (Oryza Sativa) Waste To The Growth of String Beans (Vigna Unguiculata Subsp. Sesquipedalis) Plant.

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region III- Central Luzon
Schools Division of Bulacan
SAN MIGUEL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Scuala St., San Juan, San Miguel, Bulacan
Email: sanmiguelnhs_bulacan@yahoo.com
Efficacy of Rice Water (Oryza sativa) Waste to the Growth of String Beans (Vigna
unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) Plant.
A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School
Department San Miguel National High Scchool
San Miguel, Bulacan
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Subjects Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion and
Capstone Project
Ma. Nichole L. Cruz

Sofia Nicole Gamboa
Laila Mae R. Cruz
Kim Maglaque
Eroll Andrew L. Gaddi
Researcher
Rachelle S. Viñas
Research Adviser
April 2021
SAN MIGUEL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research study would not have been feasible without the assistance,
direction, financial, and continuous encouragement of various persons who, in one way
or another, offered their hands to the researchers during the study's preparation and
completion. Without them, the researchers may not be able to complete this study's aims.
The wish to extend their profound appreciation and respect to the following individuals
for their invaluable assistance and support.
To Mrs. Rachelle S. Viñas, for mentoring the researchers, counseling and
overseeing them all across their research. Who had devoted time and effort, despite her
hectic schedule, to be a constant source of knowledge if the researchers were in doubt and
for her unrelenting support to complete this study even at the most difficult periods. Her
unwavering assistance was a continual source of inspiration for researchers;
Mr. Billy Joe A. Viñas, for his moral support and encouragement, which pushes
the researchers to continue the research;
Mr. Karl Nicko Dela Cruz, for always lending a helping hand,encouraging them
to work effectively as a group and for always giving inspirational messages that really
helps and pushes the researchers to finish their studies ;

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Mr. Marciano V. Cruz Jr., School Principal IV, Mrs. Cherilyn R. Goyena,
Assistant SHS Principal II for Academics, and Mr. Joselito G. Milan, Assistant SHS
Principal II for Operations and Learners Support, for their moral support, which enabled
the researchers to complete the study despite the challenges encountered during the
investigation.
To Parents of researchers, thank you for your financial assistance, unrivaled
support, and enlightenment, mentorship, as well as for allowing the researchers to find
their undiscovered talents and abilities talents in charge of this research;
To Researchers' friends, thank you for being a great company, for the unending
companionship and motivation, for encouraging the researchers up, for offering
unwavering support, continual encouragement, and for always being eager to aid them;
Above all, thanks to Almighty God, the Guiding Light, for providing wisdom,
resilience, assistance, and understanding in exploring things, for providing every reason
why researchers must continue the project despite the difficulties experienced, for
directing and making work simpler, and for reminding them that success comes with
great challenges.
Ma. Nichole L. Cruz
Sofia Nicole Gamboa

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Laila Mae R. Cruz
Kim Maglaque
Eroll Andrew L. Gaddi

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APPROVAL SHEET
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
APPROVAL SHEET
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF IMAGES
INTRODUCTION
Statement of the Problem
Hypothesis
Scope and Limitation
Significance of the Study
Definition of Terms
METHODOLOGY
Preparation of Treatments
Planting of string beans seeds and observation

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
RESEARCHERS’S PROFILE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Comparison of Growth Percentage
Table 2. Differences of the average numbers of fully formed leaves
Table 3. Data summary for the F Test (ANOVA)
Table 4. Results for the F Test (ANOVA)

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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Research Process Design

Figure 2. Preparation of Treatments
Figure 3. Differences of the average growth in percent of setups

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LIST OF IMAGES
Image 1.The Materials used in the study
Image 2.Planting of the seeds
Image 3.Day one of watering the seeds
Image 4. Day two of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
Image 5. Day two of watering the seeds (100% Rice water wash)
Image 7. Day three observation (Plant 2 starts to grow)
Image 8. Day three of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
Image 9. Day three of watering the seeds (100% Rice water wash)
Image 11 Day four observation (All three plants are sprouting)
Image 12. Day five of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
Image 13. Day five of watering the seeds (100% Rice water wash)
Image 15. Day six observation
Image 16. Day seven observation
Image 17. Day eight observation
Image 18. Day nine observation
Image 19. Day nine of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
Image 20. Day nine of watering the seeds (100% Rice water wash)
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Image 22. Day ten and eleven observation
Image 23. Day twelve observation
Image 24. Last observation

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INTRODUCTION
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a fundamental food for almost half of the world’s
population, especially in Asia. People usually use rice as their source of calories and
other vitamins and minerals that their body needs. In this matter, rice water waste can be
used to plant growth.
Rice water is the remaining water left behind after rinsing or boiling rice. Rice
water has been proved to be beneficial not only for skin and hair but also for plants as a
fertilizer. Rice water has a cloudy white color due to the starchy powder’s presence in the
covering of the unwashed rice. The presence of nutrients such as potassium, nitrogen, and
phosphorous, and starches helps the rice water effectively in the fermentation and growth
process of many pre-existing bacteria in the soil. Additionally, these rice water
components also help the N2-fixing bacteria, which further helps in photosynthesis
resulting in better plant growth. 1
Rice water retained after soaking or boiling rice is commonly consumed but, in
general, rice water is discarded in many food preparation procedures worldwide. The
population is growing much lead is quite alarming environmental problems due to waste
disposal, ranging from industrial waste to household waste. The use of waste water of
rice is an alternative organic fertilizer. 2
₁ Trinjal, “Gardening Ideas and Tools”, 2019: p.1

https://trinjal.com/rice-water-fertilizer-for-plants/
₁ Elfarisna, R.T. Puspitasari, Y. Suryati dan N.T. Pradana, “EFFECTIVENESS WASTE WATER OF RICE
INOCULANT ON JASMINE (Jasminum sambac)”,June 2016:p.1
https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/ftan/article/view/1474
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According to research studies, rice water contains starch and minerals which are
essential for the growth of a plant. The starch promotes healthy soil bacteria while the
mineral such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK) are vital for the plant’s root
development. 3
Subandi, et al. (2015) stated that horticulture plants, especially leaf vegetables,
play an important role because they contain more vitamins than other types of vegetables.
4
The increasing of plant height is an indicator of plant growth and development that
determines the productivity of a plant. A plant will grow when the necessary elements are
sufficiently available in a form properly to absorb5.
The increase in plant height occurs because cell division and an increase of cell
numbers require energy in form of ATP.6 If the dose given is less than what is needed by
the plant, the supply of nutrients to the plant decreases so that it will affect the growth
and production of plants. This is in accordance with Wulandari's statement, (2011)
3
Co Katrina, and Farrah Alexa Tupan , "A Comparative Study Between The Efficacy Of Fermented Rice
Wash”, p.2
https://www.coursehero.com/file/89647795/IMRAD-Fermentedricewash-nonipdf/.
4
Subandi, M., Nella Purnama Salam, Budy Frasetya, 2015.Pengaruh Berbagai Nilai EC (Electronic
Conductivity) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bayam (Amarantus sp.) pada Hidropinik Sistem Rakit
Apung. Jurnal Istek, 9(2):136-151.
5
Kii. F.H.A., Jannah H dan Mirawati B. 2018. Pengaruh Pupuk Guano Burung Walet Terhadap
Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Prosiding Seminar Nasional. Lembaga
Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Mandala, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram.
6
Aisyah S., Hapsoh., Ariani E. 2018. Pengaruh Beberapa Jenis Pupuk Kandang Dan NPK Terhadap
Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). JOM FAPERTA, 5(1): 1-13.
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suggesting that the provision of rice washing water has no significant effect on the
growth of the plants.7
This study aims to use rice water in watering string beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)
and to showcase the level of efficacy to plant growth. The researchers of this study aimed
to find innovation from wasted materials and to find an inexpensive organic alternative to
commercialized fertilizers. This will also be focused on the different essential nutrients
and beneficial effect of using rich wash to plants development.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to know and determine the level or rate of efficacy effectiveness
of using rice water waste to the growth of string beans plants. In particular, the
researchers want to seek for an answer from the following questions:
1. Can the rice water waste be effective in fertilizing String beans? (Phaseous Vulgaris)
2. In what percentage of rice water waste to water solution is the most effective?
3. Can the product equal with the commercialized fertilizer?
Formulation of Research Hypothesis
1.The rice water waste solution has no effect on the growth of the plant.
2.The percentage of rice water does not significantly influence the growth of
string beans (Phaseous Vulgaris).
7
Wulandari C, Muhartini S, dan Trisnowati S. 2011. Pengaruh Air Cucian Beras Merah dan Beras Putih
Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Selada (Lactuca sativa L). Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas
Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
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3.There is no significant difference between product and the commercialized
fertilizer.
Scope and Delimitation
This study aims to determine the rate or level of efficacy of using rice water waste
to the growth of string beans plants, in what percentage of solution is the most effective
and if it can perform equally with the commercialized fertilizer.
To gather the data, an experiment and observation with the use of three plant
seeds will be done to justify and support the efficacy of using rice water waste to string
beans plant. This study will be conducted in Rosemoor Village in Salangan, San Miguel
,Bulacan during the Second Semester, School Year 2020-2021.
Significance of the Study
The researchers aim to help the growing process of plants. Since rice (Oryza
Sativa) is a fundamental food for almost half of the world’s population, making its
dishwater as a form of organic fertilizer is huge possible. One of the recommended
concepts of organic agriculture is the use of organic fertilizers and minimizing the use of
inorganic fertilizers in farming activities or crop cultivation. There is a lot of method that
is being used by farmers to fasten the growth of their crops. This study provides an eco-
friendly way on how plants will grow faster. Weather change is one of the common
nuisances every farmer is facing nowadays which can cause lots of losing money. A
burden to every farmer indeed. With the help of rice (Oryza Sativa) dishwater, crops will
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be healthier and grow faster than with the use of other fertilizers. In this process, there
will no longer shortage of food for everybody in need because the plants will grow faster
producing food in a much earlier time. If the researchers manage to accomplish what they
have stated, all people will be benefiting from the project especially those who are in the
field of agriculture, consumers, and even investors. Lots of money will be saved. Lack of
food supply which comes from the plants will also be prevented. The study can help and
contribute to the following:
Gardeners. They will be the ones who gain the most from the study's insights.
This research will benefit them in taking care of their plants by cutting down the cost and
usage of commercialized fertilizers.
Community. This could help increase the awareness and understanding of people
of the people regarding organic fertilizers.
Future Researchers. This study may give data that will serve as a guideline and
foundation for them as they continue and expand on this research.
Definition of Terms
Organic fertilizers- are fertilizers that are naturally produced and contain carbon.
Fertilizers- are materials that can be added to soil or plants, in order to provide nutrients
and sustain growth.

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Cosmetics- involving or relating to treatment intended to restore or improve a
person's appearance. A product applied to the body, especially the face, to improve its
appearance.
Waste disposal- is the collection, processing, and recycling or deposition of the
waste materials of human society. Waste is classified by source and composition.
Industrial waste- is the waste produced by industrial activity which includes any
material that is rendered useless during a manufacturing process such as that of factories,
mills, and mining operations.
Skin care- is the range of practices that support skin integrity, enhance its
appearance and relieve skin conditions.

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METHODOLOGY
Process:
Collection of Preparation of Preparation of
Materials samples Treatments
Data Data Experimentatio

n and
Analysis Collection Observation
Comparing the Formulating

results and
Conclusion
Interpretation
Figure 1. Research Process Design
The materials required for the experiment were prepared by the researcher
assigned to conduct the investigation. Materials were purchased from a local market in
San Miguel, Bulacan. Three seeds of String Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris) are planted,
which were reared (in groups of three) on May 12, 2021 and were also given the first
application of fertilizers. The application was continued daily for 5 days up until May 17,
2021.The plants are observed up until May31, 2021.

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The plants received 50 mL of liquid fertilizer daily, starting from the planting of
the seeds. The watering of plants was done only once (5:00pm). Data was recorded based
on the height of the plant in centimeters, and the number of leaves. After these
experimentations, data were gathered for the interpretation of results.
Collection of Materials
The researchers bought the string beans seeds, soil and the commercialized
fertilizer at a local Farm Supply shop in San Miguel, Bulacan. Also, other materials were
readily available at home where the assigned researcher lives.
Preparation of Treatments
I. Commercialized fertilizer
Mix 10 packets of Osmocote to 50 ml water.
II. Hugas bigas 100% of first washing, with a ratio of 1

½ cup of rice (64 grams) to 3 cups of tap water (700 mL)
.
III. Diluted Rice water waste 50% of first washing

diluted in 50 % tap water , with a ratio of 1 ½ cup of rice
(64 grams) to 3 cups of tap water (700 mL) .
IV. Watering of the String beans plant.
Figure 2. Preparation of Treatments

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Materials used in the study
Loam Soil
Flower Pot (Paso)
Commercialized Fertilizer (Osmocote)
String Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds
Garden Shovel
Rice Water (Oryza sativa)
Water
Glass Cups
Image 1.The Materials used in the study
Procedures in making the treatments needed for the experimentation are:
Commercialized fertilizer treatment: 10 packets of Osmocote (commercialized

Fertilizer) was mixed to 50 ml water.
100% Rice water washing treatment: 100% of first washing of rice, with a ratio of 1 ½
cup of rice (64 grams) to 3 cups of tap water (700 mL). 50 mL of the solution were
obtained and placed in a glass cup.
Diluted Rice water waste: 50% of first washing was diluted in 50 % tap water , with a
ratio of 1 ½ cup of rice (64 grams) to 3 cups of tap water (700 mL). 50 mL of the solution
were obtained and placed in a glass cup.
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Day 1-Planting and Watering of the Planted Seeds
(May 12, 2021-Wednesday)
Plant #1-Fertilizer and Water
Plant #2-Rice Wash
Plant #3-Combination of Rice Wash and Water (50/50)
Image 2. Planting of the seeds
Image 3. Day one of watering the seeds

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Day 2- Watering of the Planted Seeds
Image 4. Day two of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
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Day 3
Plant #2 is starting to grow and develop
Image 7. Day three observation (Plant 2 starts to grow)
Image 8. Day three of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
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Day 4- There are growing plants already.
Image 11. Day four observation (All three plants are sprouting)
Day 5- The plants are growing continuously and the difference of it compare to the
previous days are quite observable and visible.
Image 12. Day five of watering the seeds (Osmocote)

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Day 6- The watering process is skipped and not necessarily needed to be done since
the soil is still containing moisture from the prior days. In addition, the growth of
plant #1 is relatively on its average size compared to the other plants.
Image 15. Day six observation

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Day 7- The watering process is skipped as of the moment because of the sudden
rainfall.
Image 16. Day seven observation
Day 8- The watering process is continuously being skipped, and out of the three
plants; plant #1 has been growing and developing slower than the other.
Image 17. Day eight observation

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Day 9- Watering day, plant #1 is notice to be the one who has the slowest growing
process. It only grows 2 seeds out of 5seeds.
Image 18. Day nine observation
Image 19. Day nine of watering the seeds (Osmocote)
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Day 10 and 11- Watering process is skipped and the plants is continuously growing
and developing overtime.
Image 22. Day ten and eleven observation

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Day 12- The watering process is continuously being skipped and the plants are
further growing and developing.
Image 23. Day twelve observation
Day 13-15-The plants are fully grown already.
Image 24. Last observation

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Data Analysis
The data obtained for each treatment was averaged. The researchers also acquired
and solved for the average growth percentage of each plant. After the data have been
noted, One-way Anova will be used for the data analysis. If the mean result of using rice
water is higher than the growth of the commercialized fertilizer water then our
Hypothesis will be rejected while if it is not then rice water is not effective for the plant.
The factors of growth will be also considered upon the outcome.

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three (3) plants were observed which were reared of three set-ups. The
researchers used seeds in this experiment so the measurement of the average initial height
started in the 4th application.
In Table 1, the initial average height, average height after 5th application, average
height after 6th application, and growth in per cent are shown.
In Figure 3, the differences of the average growth in percent between the setups
are shown.
In Table 2, the average numbers of fully formed leaves after the first and sixth
applications are shown.
Pot Avg. Initial Avg. height Avg. height Avg. Avg. Growth in Avg.
Height (4th after the 5th after the 6th Growth in Percent Growth in
application) application application Percent After 6th percent after
(in cm) After 5th application(compared 2
application to the 5th application) applications
A 2.95 4.45 6.95 50.84% 56.17% 135.59%

B 2.60 3.68 8.12 41.53% 120.65% 212.30%
C 2.53 3.87 7.25 52.96% 87.33% 186.56%
Table 1. Comparison of Growth Percentage

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Average Growth in Percent

250.00%
200.00%
150.00%
100.00%
50.00%
0.00%
Pot A Pot B Pot C
5th Application 5th to 6th Application After 2 applications
Figure 3. Differences of the average growth in percent of setups
Pot C (50 % Rice water waste diluted in 50 % tap water) had the highest average
growth in percent (52.96%) to the other setups in the fifth application. However, in the 6th
application, Pot B (100 % Rice water waste) had the highest average growth in percent
(120.65%). Comparing the results after the second application to the initial height of the
plants, Pot B still had the highest average growth, and Pot C had the second highest
average growth. Their difference is 33.32%, still a significant number.
The researchers then have looked over at the variables again, that could explain
the significant change in pot B, and have formulated the following hypotheses:
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1. Rice water is a gentle fertilizer, and regular application may alleviate concerns
about over-fertilization. The leftover rice water's starches help encourage
beneficial soil bacteria, while the vitamins and minerals will add small amounts of
NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) to the soil.
2. The starches found in rice water may have accelerated the growth of the many
types of beneficial soil bacteria and fungi that already exist in the soil, such as
lactobacilli and mycorrhizae, which then feed the plants, allowing them to grow
stronger, healthier, and more resistant to diseases.
Pot Initial No. of Avg. No. of fully Avg. No. of fully

Leaves formed leaves after formed leaves after
the 5th Application the 6th Application
A 4 6 6.5
B 4 8.5 9.75
C 4 7 8
Table 2. Differences of the average numbers of fully formed leaves
Pot B had the highest average number of leaves after the two applications of fertilizer.
Pot B and pot C have the lowest average number of leaves after two applications.
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Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
The researchers used Analysis of Variations (ANOVA) as their statistical tool to test the
significant differences among the Treatment A (Commercialized Fertilizer ), Treatment B
(100% Rice water wash), and Treatment C (50 % Rice water wash).
F-statistic value = 7.00947
P-value = 0.99059
DATA
SUMMARY
Groups N Mean Std. Dev. Std. Error

Group 1 3 4.7833 2.0207 1.1667
Group 2 3 4.8 2.9255 1.689
Group 3 3 4.55 2.4324 1.4043
Table 3. Data summary for the F Test (ANOVA)
ANOVA SUMMARY
Source Degrees of Sum of Squares Mean Square F-Stat P-Value

Freedom SS MS
DF
Between 2 0.1172 0.0586 7.0095 0.9906
Groups
Within Groups 6 37.1167 13.1861
Total: 8 37.2339
Table 4. Results for the F Test (ANOVA)
H0: The rice water waste solution has no effect on the growth of the plant.
Since F=7.0095 is greater than 5.14 the H0 will be rejected.

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It means that the rice water waste solution has a significant effect on the growth of the
plant.
The results of the ANOVA allowed to rejecting the null hypothesis H0 and
supporting the conclusion that there is a statistically significant effect of the rice waste
water solution to the growth of string beans plant.
Table 4 presented the results of F-test (ANOVA) for the mean numbers of the
height of string beans plant treated with Commercialized fertilizer (Treatment A). 100%
Rice water washing treatment (Treatment B) and Diluted rice water wash (Treatment C).
The result showed that there is a significant difference in the height of the plants
using different concentrations. Table 4 also presented that the result and the F value
(7.0095) is greater than F critical (5.14) at 0.05 level of significance. This implies that the
rice water solution has an effect on plant growth.Thus, the null hypothesis should be
rejected which states that the rice water waste solution has no effect on the growth of the
plant.
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CONCLUSION
Diluted Rice (Oryza Sativa) water waste 100% of first washing with a ratio of 1
1⁄2 cup of rice (64 grams) to 3 cups of tap water (700 mL) garnered the greatest deal of
positive attention to the growth of string beans (Phaseous Vulgaris) plants over a period
of 15 days (May 12, 2021 - May 27, 2021) observation than with the commercialized
fertilizer (Osmocote) added to 50mL of water and rice water waste 50% of first washing
diluted in 50% tap water, with a ratio of 1 1⁄2 cup of rice (64 grams) to 3 cups of tap
water (700 mL)
The following conclusions were drawn from the results of the investigation:
1.The rice water waste solution has a significant effect on the growth of the plant.
2.The percentage of rice water does significantly influence the growth of string
beans (Phaseous Vulgaris).
3. There is a significant difference between product and the commercialized
fertilizer.
Based on the chart and pictures of observation, the plant that was given by water
from rice water wash looks much healthier and bright. All of the experimental solutions
had an impact on the plant's growth. However, the study's researchers advise customers to
utilize the marketed fertilizer utilized in pot A. This is due to a weakness in the approach,
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which prevented the researchers from demonstrating the efficiency of the various plant
treatments.
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RECOMMENDATION
1. To conduct thorough experiments about the study to provide specific results that will
prove the study to be more effective.
2. As the study used rice water as fertilizer, other parts of the plant like the stem or hay
that is often used to feed carabaos should be tested if it can be a possible fertilizer.
3. Scientific experiments that can be conducted in laboratories should be done to provide
quantitative analysis that can be used to measure the data in the experiment.
4. Different plants should be used to find if it will be effective as a fertilizer to provide
more concise results that can prove the study to be more effective.
5. Comparative studies should also be done like comparing the soil before, during, and
after the rice water is applied in the soil.

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Researcher’s Profile
Name: Cruz, Ma. Nichole, Lugo
Age: 18 years old
Birthday: October 9, 2002
Section: 12-STEM (Albert Einstein)
Address: Salangan, San Miguel Bulacan
Name of Father: Nicolas A. Cruz
Name of Mother: Rosalie L. Cruz
Contact Number: 0961-095-6616
Course to Take in College: Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology

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Name: Gamboa, Sofia Nicole, DC.
Age: 17 years old
Birthday: February 23, 2004
Address: Camias, San Miguel Bulacan
Name of Father: Rodante G. Gamboa
Name of Mother: Corazon DC. Gamboa
Course to Take in College: Doctor of Veterinary Medicine

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Name: Cruz, Laila Mae, Revina
Age: 18 years old
Birthday: October 24, 2002
Address: San Juan, San Miguel, Bulacan
Name of Father: Jimmy B. Cruz
Name of Mother: Rowena R. Cruz
Course to Take in College: Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology

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Name: Maglaque, Kim
Age: 19 years old
Birthday: March 4, 2002
Address: San Juan, San Miguel, Bulacan
Name of Father: N/A
Name of Mother: Marygrace Maglaque
Course to Take in College: Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English

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Name: Gaddi, Eroll Andrew, Lirazan
Age: 18 years old
Birthday: May 18, 2003
Address: Batasan Matanda, San Miguel, Bulacan
Name of Father: Ernesto DG. Gaddi
Name of Mother: Annabelle L. Gaddi
Course to Take in College: Bachelor of Science in Air Transportation

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Accessed May 9. https://www.coursehero.com/file/89647795/IMRAD-
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DISHWATER AND MANURE AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER TO THE
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Sambac)". Jurnal.Umj.Ac.Id.
https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/ftan/article/view/1474.
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APPLICATION OF RICE DISHWATER AND MANURE AS ORGANIC
FERTILIZER TO THE GROWTH OF MUSTARD (Brassica Juncea
L.)". Jurnal.Untad.Ac.Id.
http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/AgrolandInternational/article/download/
11974/9238.
Trinjal. 2018. "Rice Water For Plants To Get Maximum Growth". Trinjal.Com.
https://trinjal.com/rice-water-fertilizer-for-plants/.
.
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APPENDICES
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APPENDIX A
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Collection of Materials
Image A1. Loam Soil Image A2. Plant Pots
Image A3. Osmocote Image A4. String Beans Seeds

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Image A5. Garden Shovel Image A6. Water
Image A7. 100% Rice Water wash Image A8. Diluted Rice Water wash
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APPENDIX B
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Planting and watering of string beans seeds
Image B1. Planting of the Seeds Image B2. The three solutions
Image B3.Watering of the seeds (Osmocote))

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Image B4.Watering of the seeds 100% Rice water wash)
Image B5. Watering of the seeds (50% Rice water wash)

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Finding the Growth Percentage
Pot Avg. Initial Avg. height Avg. height Avg. Avg. Growth in Avg.
Height (4th after the 5th after the 6th Growth in Percent Growth in
application) application application Percent After 6th percent after
(in cm) After 5th application(compared 2
application to the 5th application) applications
A 2.95 4.45 6.95 50.84% 56.17% 135.59%

B 2.60 3.68 8.12 41.53% 120.65% 212.30%
C 2.53 3.87 7.25 52.96% 87.33% 186.56%
Calculate the percent change from one period to another :
Percent Change = 100 × (Present or Future Value – Past or Present Value) / Past or
Present Value
Calculate the percent growth rate using the following formula:
Percent Growth Rate = Percent Change / Time
Treatment A (Commercialized Fertilizer)
100%x (4.45-2.95) / 2.95 = 50.8474%
100%x (6.95-4.45) / 4.45 = 56.17%

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100%x (6.95-2.95) / 2.95 = 135.17%
Treatment B (100% Rice Water Wash)
100%x (3.68-2.60) / 2.60 = 41.5384%
100%x (8.12-3.68) / 2.60 = 120.65%
100%x (8.12-2.60) / 2.60 = 212.30%
Treatment C (Diluted Rice Water Wash)
100%x (3.87-2.53) / 2.53 = 52.9644%
100%x (7.25-3.87) / 2.53 = 87.33%
100%x (7.25-2.53) / 2.53 = 186.56%

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Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
The researchers used Analysis of Variations (ANOVA) as their statistical tool to test the
significant differences among the Treatment A (Commercialized Fertilizer), Treatment B
(100% Rice water wash), and Treatment C (50 % Rice water wash).
DATA
SUMMARY
Groups N Mean Std. Dev. Std. Error

Group 1 3 4.7833 2.0207 1.1667
Group 2 3 4.8 2.9255 1.689
Group 3 3 4.55 2.4324 1.4043
ANOVA SUMMARY
Source Degrees of Sum of Squares Mean Square F-Stat P-Value

Freedom SS MS
DF
Between 2 0.1172 0.0586 7.0095 0.9906
Groups
Within Groups 6 37.1167 13.1861
Total: 8 37.2339
Between Groups Degrees of Freedom: DF = k − 1 , where k is the number of groups
Within Groups Degrees of Freedom: DF = N − k , where N is the total number of
subjects
Total Degrees of Freedom: DF = N − 1

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Sum of Squares Between Groups: SSB = Ski=1ni (xi − x)2 , where ni is the number of
subjects in the i-th group
Sum of Squares Within Groups: SSW = Ski=1(ni − 1) Si2 , where Si is the standard
deviation of the i-th group
Total Sum of Squares: SST = SSB + SSW
Mean Square Between Groups: MSB = SSB / (k − 1)
Mean Square Within Groups: MSW = SSW / (N − k)
F-Statistic (or F-ratio): F = MSB / MSW
The total sample size is N = 9
N=9. Therefore, the total degrees of freedom are:
df_{total} = 9 - 1 = 8 dftotal=9−1=8
Also, the between-groups degrees of freedom are df_{between} = 3 - 1 = 2
dfbetween=3−1=2, and the within-groups degrees of freedom are:
df_{within} = df_{total} - df_{between} = 8 - 2 = 6dfwithin=dftotal−dfbetween=8−2=6
First, we need to compute the total sum of values and the grand mean. The following is
obtained
\sum_{i,j} X_{ij} = {14.35} + {14.4} + {13.65} = 42.4i,j∑Xij=14.35+14.4+13.65=42.4
Also, the sum of squared values is

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\sum_{i,j} X_{ij}^2 = {76.8075} + {86.2368} + {73.9403} = 236.9846i,j∑Xij2
=76.8075+86.2368+73.9403=236.9846
Based on the above calculations, the total sum of squares is computed as follows
SS_{total} = \sum_{i,j} X_{ij}^2 - \frac{1}{N} \left(\sum_{i,j} X_{ij}\right)^2 =
236.9846 - \frac{ 42.4^2}{ 9} = 37.233
SStotal=i,j∑Xij2−N1(i,j∑Xij)2=236.9846−942.42=37.233
The within sum of squares is computed as shown in the calculation below:
SS_{within} = \sum SS_{within groups} = {8.167} + {17.117} + {11.833} =
37.117SSwithin=∑SSwithingroups=8.167+17.117+11.833=37.117
The between sum of squares is computed directly as shown in the calculation below:
SS_{between} = SS_{total} - SS_{within} = 37.233 - 37.117 = 0.116SSbetween=SStotal
−SSwithin=37.233−37.117=0.116
Now that sum of squares are computed, we can proceed with computing the mean sum of
squares:
MS_{between} = \frac{SS_{between}}{df_{between}} = \frac{ 0.116}{ 2} =
0.058MSbetween=dfbetweenSSbetween=20.116=0.058MS_{within} =
\frac{SS_{within}}{df_{within}} = \frac{ 37.117}{ 6} = 6.186MSwithin=dfwithin
SSwithin=637.117=6.186
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Finally, with having already calculated the mean sum of squares, the F-statistic is
computed as follows:
F = \frac{MS_{between}}{MS_{within}} = \frac{ 0.058}{ 13.186} = 7.009
F=MSwithin/MSbetween=13.1860.058=7009

Efficacy of Rice Water (Oryza Sativa) Waste To The Growth of String Beans (Vigna Unguiculata Subsp. Sesquipedalis) Plant.

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Efficacy of Rice Water (Oryza Sativa) Waste To The Growth of String Beans (Vigna Unguiculata Subsp. Sesquipedalis) Plant.

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Republic of the Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Ma. Nichole L. Cruz

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for their invaluable assistance and support.

To Mrs. Rachelle S. Viñas, for mentoring the researchers, counseling and

unwavering assistance was a continual source of inspiration for researchers;

the researchers to continue the research;

helps and pushes the researchers to finish their studies ;

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To Parents of researchers, thank you for your financial assistance, unrivaled

their undiscovered talents and abilities talents in charge of this research;

Ma. Nichole L. Cruz

Sofia Nicole Gamboa

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Laila Mae R. Cruz

Eroll Andrew L. Gaddi

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Scope and Limitation

Significance of the Study

Planting of string beans seeds and observation

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

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Table 1. Comparison of Growth Percentage

Table 2. Differences of the average numbers of fully formed leaves

Table 3. Data summary for the F Test (ANOVA)

Table 4. Results for the F Test (ANOVA)

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Figure 1. Research Process Design

Figure 3. Differences of the average growth in percent of setups

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Image 1.The Materials used in the study

Image 2.Planting of the seeds

Image 3.Day one of watering the seeds

Image 4. Day two of watering the seeds (Osmocote)

Image 7. Day three observation (Plant 2 starts to grow)

Image 8. Day three of watering the seeds (Osmocote)

Image 11 Day four observation (All three plants are sprouting)

Image 12. Day five of watering the seeds (Osmocote)

Image 15. Day six observation

Image 16. Day seven observation

Image 17. Day eight observation

Image 18. Day nine observation

Image 19. Day nine of watering the seeds (Osmocote)

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Image 22. Day ten and eleven observation

Image 23. Day twelve observation

Image 24. Last observation

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used to plant growth.

resulting in better plant growth. 1

rice is an alternative organic fertilizer. 2

₁ Trinjal, “Gardening Ideas and Tools”, 2019: p.1

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sufficiently available in a form properly to absorb5.

and production of plants. This is in accordance with Wulandari's statement, (2011)

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growth of the plants.7

and beneficial effect of using rich wash to plants development.

Statement of the Problem

researchers want to seek for an answer from the following questions: