IMPACT 4.06.

00 16/08/2018

Chassis ID Path
MHHK 804355 23/Description, Design and function//Biodiesel, general

Model Identity
UD-HDE 132725697

Publish date ID/Operation

29/07/2014

Biodiesel, general

This information applies to:

Engines: GH11 certified for EURO 3/4. Hybrid engines are not included.

Warning
When using FAME always use VDS-3 or VDS-4.

Note: This information applies from 7% to 30% FAME mixture.

Fuel quality
FAME is an abbreviation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters, and is a renewable fuel.

FAME is also known as Biodiesel, RME (rape seed (canola) methyl ester), SME sunflower/soya methyl ester and
Diester.

UD engines may only be used with FAME that meets EN 14214.

EN 14214 is a European standard that describes the quality requirements and test methods for FAME.

The diesel in which FAME is mixed, must meet EN 590.

EN 590 is a European standard that describes the quality requirements and test methods for diesel.

The vehicle / engine operator has the responsibility of using the correct fuel that is recommended by the manufacturer
and allowed by the national legislation. The user also has the responsibility of obtaining the proper local exemptions,
regional exemptions, and/or national exemptions that are required for the use of FAME.

Warning
The user is liable for ensuring that all regional/local licences have been obtained. Normal rapeseed oil and

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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other pure vegetable and animal oils do not meet EN 14214 and may not be used as fuel or as fuel additives.
These products are not approved by UD and warranties do not apply in the event of engine damage. Engines
equipped with DPF and EGR are not covered by this document and may not be run on FAME.

Handling FAME
It is important that FAME be handled and stored correctly. FAME is more sensitive to bacteria and water contamination
than diesel fuel. Oxygen, heat and light can oxidise the fuel causing precipitation. Certain microorganisms can grow in
the fuel. Ensuring that the fuel tank is free of water reduces the risk of microorganism growth.

Starting and running the engine

The low temperature properties of FAME are not as good as those of diesel. The high viscosity at low temperature may
increase the risk of fuel system malfunctions or clogging. The use of a fuel heater can improve these properties
somewhat. In cold weather conditions, contact the FAME supplier to find out which recommended temperatures apply
CFPP (Cold Filter Plugging Point). To avoid any risk, it is recommended not to use FAME below –15°C, even with
additives.

If you have starting problems, return to standard diesel for winter use.

A heat water separator must be installed on the engine primary filter as FAME draws water from the surrounding air.

Note: Heating must be on.

Performance
The energy value of FAME is lower than that of diesel. This means an increase in fuel consumption of up to 10%, a
reduction in performance of up to 5% and a torque reduction down to 10%, depending on the amount of FAME in the
mixture.

The fuel consumption value on the instrument panel and Dynafleet apply to standard diesel. Therefore when FAME is
being used the consumption value is not correct.

Note: Some smoke on start up is normal.

Exhaust gases may smell different during operation.

Components affected
The fuel is only permitted in conjunction with UD fuel tanks, not third party tanks.

FAME attacks paint and dissolves the rubbers and plastics found in O-rings and plastic tanks for example.

Replace O-rings/gaskets when repairing or removing fuel system components.

Replace fuel lines, fuel filter housings and seals when repairing or disassembling the fuel system, using biodiesel
compliant fuel pipes.

At each service check for leaks in the engine (oil, coolant and fuel).

Note: Do not replace fuel lines to the tank.

When removing the combined tank unit, replace the seal between the gauge and tank.

If a painted surface comes into contact with FAME, immediately wash the surface thoroughly to avoid damage.
Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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FAME has certain solvent characteristics, and will dissolve dirt or deposits in the fuel tank. FAME dissolves fuel ageing
products and transports the deposits into the fuel filter. The customers must be aware that in case of alternative use of
FAME fuel and Diesel fuel, early clogging of fuel filters may occur. Then it is recommended to clean the tank including
lines and change fuel filters.

FAME has a poisoning effect on the SCR muffler and has to be replaced according to estimated intervals (see -
Preventive maintenance intervals ). The interval is based on 30% FAME usage, but may be extended to the duration
used for standard diesel.

If the vehicle is taken out of operation for long periods ( more than 4 weeks), the tank and the entire fuel system must
be flushed with diesel by driving for at least 1 tank fill. If the vehicle operates again with FAME then the fuel filter has to
be replaced at 2000 km.

FAME dissolves carbon deposits and this carbon mixes with the engine oil.
This reduces the lubricating capacity of the engine oil which leads to shorter service intervals for engine oil and filters.

Check the engine oil level every day. Replace the oil if it goes above the maximum level. See the specific FAME
service and maintenance interval.

Use the maximum mileage per tank. Refuelling fewer times reduces the risk of microorganism growth inside the fuel
tank.

The engine heater must have a separate tank for diesel only. For questions regarding available products, installation
and regulations, please refer to suppliers of auxiliary heaters.

Copyright to this documentation belongs to the Volvo Group. No reproduction, copying, change, amendment or other similar disposal is entitled without prior written consent by
the Volvo Group
The information contained herein is current at the time of its original distribution, but is subject to change. The reader is advised that printed copies are uncontrolled.

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