International Conference on Communication and Information Processing

(ICCIP-2019)
Available on: Elsevier-SSRN

Design of Concurrent Dual-Band Filters for GSM Application

Shweta Sonawane and Minakshi Panchal
Department of E& TC Engineering Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University
Lonere, Taluka: Mangaon, Dist.: Raigad, Maharashtra
shwetass311@gmail.com, minakshi0403@gmail.com

Abstract

In this paper, concurrent dual band filters are designed and stimulated using CST software. This system
has Notch filter with an operating range 720MHz to 920MHz and Dual-band Band pass filter with an
operating range of 700MHz to 1.8GHz. Dual bands are obtained between 0.98-1.02 GHz and 1.47-
1.57GHz. The Notch and the Band pass filter are both designed with the help of microstrip structure
with a material called FR4 with relative dielectric constant 4.4 and order 2. Band pass filter is designed
using two step impedance resonator. And Notch filter structure is designed by placing a single stub
between the load of the microstrip and its source. The change in the filter output with the change in the
length as well as width if the stub is noted. The band of the filters changes according to the dimensions
of the stub. Thus, the range of the filters can be adjusted accordingly by changing the stub dimensions.

Keywords- Band pass filter, Dual-band, microstrip, Notch filter, Resonator.

© 2019 – Authors

1. Introduction

FILTERS are the circuits designed for passing a specific range of frequencies while stopping the rest.
The band of frequencies which are passed by the filter is known as the Bandwidth of the filter. There
exist various types of filters such as Active filters, Passive filters, and Distributed element filters. At
higher frequencies, more than some MHz, design of active and passive filters is hardly possible[1].
Therefore, distributed element filters are designed for higher frequencies. Distributed filters are designed
with the help of microstrip or striplines. RF filters find applications in Wireless Communications. Using
Microstrip instead of regular filters gives a compact design with same results and equal accuracy [2-5].
The main advantage of microstrip over waveguide or coaxial filter is small size and low cost. RF
components are required in most of the systems, but it is more expensive. Therefore, microstrip is used
as it alters compactness along with the cost of the system. Different microstrip RF filters like a low pass
filter, high-pass filter, band-pass filter, band-reject (notch) filter are found.
Here, a system is designed for obtaining a specific range of frequency. This system consist of two filters:
Notch filter and Dual band Band pass filter. The block diagram of the system is as shown in fig. 1.

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Fig.1.Schematic diagram of the System.

The above system restricts the input frequencies according to the filter specifications. When the signal with
a large frequency range is passed through the system, the Notch filter rejects the spectrum between 0.72GHz
– 0.92GHz and the Dual band Band pass filter further pass the frequencies between 0.98GHz- 1.02GHz and
1.47GHz-1.57GHz rejecting the remaining frequencies. Thus, the output of the system is all the frequencies
passed by dual band bandpass filter and rejected by notch filter.
The Notch filters are the narrow bandwidth, band-stop filters. The Notch filter rejects a specific, but very
narrow band and passes the rest frequencies. The response of notch filter is as shown in Fig.2.

Fig.2.Response of Notch filter Fig.3.Response of Band pass filter

(Source : Birajdar Rushikant, Mulla Sajeed, Shete Jagdish, April 6-8, 2017 ,“Design of Low pass and notch filter using microstrip
lines”, International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, India.)

There has been a lot of growing interest in wireless communication application operating in multiband.
Multiband system is essential because for less noisy system operating in multiple bands. By connecting
multiple single band circuits in shunt or in switched mode, multiband sub-systems are constructed. The
stacked dual-mode resonator is very useful material for dual-band BPFs because it is easy to adjust one pass
band frequency. By inserting two individual circuits for the dual-band BPFs, dual passbands are obtained.
Band pass filter transmits a particular band of frequencies while it rejects the other frequencies. Also, dual-
band transmits two bands with two different frequencies in the operating range. The response of the BPF is
shown in Fig.3.

2. Geometry of Filters

2.1. Notch Filter

Fig. 4 shows the geometry of the Notch filter. The dimensions of the patch are calculated from empirical
relations in theory of filter design. The length of the stub is 48.63mm and width is 3.00mm. And the
length of the transmission line is 40.63mm with width 3.00mm.

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Design of Concurrent Dual-Band Filters for GSM Application 3

Fig.4. Notch filter design in CST.

2.2 Dual-band Band pass Filter

Fig. 5 shows the geometry of the dual-band bandpass filter. Substrate thickness is 0.8mm and metal
thickness 0.2mm. Horizontal spacing is 1mm and vertical spacing is 1.76mm.The dimension of the dual-
band bandpass filter are as follows: L1=33mm, L2=20. 87mm, L3=9. 5mm, L4=30. 5mm, L5=5mm,
W1=1. 82mm, W2=1. 52mm, W3=5. 55mm, W4=3. 22mm. The geometry of the given filter is small and
very compressed. PCB hardware of the filter is also shown in Fig.10.

Fig.5. dual-band bandpass filter design in CST

3. Characterization of the System

3.1 Characterization of Notch Filter

Figure 6 shows the hardware of the Notch filter. Ports are connected to, providing the signal and obtaining
the results of the filter.

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a) Front side b) Back side

Fig.6. PCB of the Notch filter
.
The filter testing setup is shown in figure 7. Virtual Network Analyzer (VNA) is used for testing of the
filter. The filter responses are shown in figure 8 and figure 9. Figure 8 depicts the stimulated response
of the Notch filter observed in CST software. Figure 9 is the response of the filter obtained on VNA.

Fig.7. Set-up for measurement with VNA

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Design of Concurrent Dual-Band Filters for GSM Application 5

Fig.8. Stimulation results in CST Fig.9. Measured result on VNA

When the length of the stud of Notch filter has gradually increased the cutoff frequency of the filter decreases, which
means it is shifted towards the left. At “-9dB” level, the pass band of the notch filter lies between 720MHz and
920MHz.

3.2 Characterization of dual-band band pass filter

Fig.10. gives the hardware of the dual-band band pass filter. CST studio suite software has been used for the
design.

(a)Front Side (b) Back Side

Fig.10. PCB of dual-band band pass filter

The filter response is shown Fig.11.Virtual Network Analyzer is used for testing of the filter. Simulation result
and the measure result are as shown in below Fig.12 and Fig.13.

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Fig.11. Set-up for measurement with VNA

Fig.12. Simulation result in CST

Fig.13. Measured result on VNA

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Design of Concurrent Dual-Band Filters for GSM Application 7

In terms of measurement of dual-band band pass first pass band obtained is at 0.92-1.02GHz and second pass band
is at 1.47-1.57GHz.As a result, transmission zeros are 0.78GHz, 1.72GHz, 0GHz, and 1.25GHz.

Table.1. Comparison table

Year Paper Methodology Result

2011 “Design of a Planar Dual-Band Band pass Steeped Impedance Bandwidth of 1-1.5GHz
Filter”[1] Resonator

2013 “Novel Ultra-wide Bandpass Filter with Multimode Resonator with Bandpass of 3.9-11.1 GHz
Notched band using Multimode Resonator open stub and notch at 9 GHz
and Open Stub”[6]

2017 “Design of Low pass and notch filter using Open stub designing Passband from 720 MHz to
microstrip lines”[7] 920 MHz

This “Design of Concurrent Dual-Band Filters Steeped Impedance 700 MHz to 1.8 GHz
work for GSM Application” Resonator with open stub passband and notch at 800
MHz

4. Conclusion

The proposed system is used for altering the frequencies for GSM applications. The Notch filter rejects the frequency
spectrum between 0.72GHz and 0.92GHz. While the Band pass filter passes the two bands between 0.7GHz to
1.8GHz. The similarity between the simulated and the measured results confirms the efficiency of the system. It is
concluded that the specification of the filters used in the system can be changed by changing the parameters of the
filters accordingly. Thus the output of the system can be adjusted by adjusting the filter parameters accordingly.

References

[1] Ching-Wen Tang,Senior Member, IEEE,Po-Hsien Wu. Design of a Planar Dual-Band Band pass Filter”,
IEEE Microwave And Wireless Components Letters, Vol 21,No.7 July 2011.
[2] Iyer, B., Kumar, A., Pathak, N. Design and analysis of subsystems for concurrent dual-band transceiver
for WLAN applications. In: International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICSC),
57-61, Dec.2013.
[3] Iyer, B.: Characterization of Concurrent Multiband RF Transceiver for WLAN Applications. Advances
in Intelligent Systems Research.137, 834-846, 2017.
[4] Iyer, B.,Garg,M.,Pathak, N.,Ghosh, D.:Contactless Detection and Analysis of Human Vital Signs Using
Concurrent Dual-Band RF System. Elsevier Procedia Engineering.64,185-194,2013.
[5] Iyer, B.,Pathak, N.,Ghosh, D.:Dual-Input Dual-Output RF Sensor for Indoor Human Occupancy and
Position Monitoring. IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol.15,No.7,3959 - 3966 July 2015.
[6] Fang Xu, Zongjie Wang, Kaiyi Ye and Ju Mu,2013, “Novel Ultra-wide Bandpass Filter with Notched
band using Multimode Resonator and Open Stub”,ASIA-pacific Micowave Conference Proceedings.
[7] Birajdar Rushikant, Mulla Sajeed, Shete Jagdish, April 6-8, 2017 ,“Design of Low pass and notch filter
using microstrip lines”, International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, India.

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8 Sonawane and Panchal/ICCIP-2019

Shweta Satish Sonawane completed her BE degree from Gharda

Institute of Technology, Khed-Maharashtra-India in Electronics
and Telecommunication Engineering. She is currently pursuing
her M. Tech in Dr. Babashaeb Ambedkar Technological
University, Lonere in Electronics and Telecommunication.

Minakshi Santosh Panchal was born in Mahad; Raigad in

1996.She received the B.E. degree in Electronics and
Telecommunication from the Mumbai University in 2017. She
is currently pursuing the M. Tech degree in Electronics and
Telecommunication at Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological
University, Lonere, Maharashtra, India.

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