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Comparative study of F-22 Raptor and Chengdu J-20

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 Transactions on Innovations in Science & Technology
Volume.2, Issue.1, 2016, pp 121-124
www.transistonline.com

Comparative study of F-22 Raptor and Chengdu J-20

Kalidas R, J.V. Muruga Lal Jeyan, Indrajith Prathapan
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Rajadhani Institute of Engineering and Technology, Attingal – 695102, India.

*Corresponding author email: kalidasrkannan@gmail.com, Tel.: +91 9633634598

ABSTRACT

The F-22 Raptor and the Chengdu J-20 are fighter aircrafts capable of supersonic flight, stealth and extreme
maneuverability using in American and Chinese military industry respectively. In this paper, we are comparing these two
fighter jet aircrafts to study their merits and demerits over one another. The study is mainly focused on the engines
WHITENEY F119-PW-100 (F-22) and SHENYANG WS-10G (J-20) where the parameters such as engine power output,
thrust to weight ratio, endurance, afterburner properties, cruising properties and maximum flight speed are considered.

Keywords – F-22 Raptor, Chengdu J-20, Comparative Study.

1. INTRODUCTION is 150 million us dollar. The capabilities of the F-22

Raptors are
The jet fighters are one of the key components of any
military industry. The f-22 raptor and the Chengdu J-20 • Stealth
• Super cruise
are the key components of American and Chinese
• Quick maneuverability or agility
military industries. Both are known for its performance,
• Advanced avionics
stealth and combat capabilities. This comparison is
• Supportability
done to study and to identify the merits and demerits of
these aircrafts over each other.

2. ABOUT F-22 RAPTOR

Fig 2. Typical Fighter Plane

The Lockheed martin, Boeing, Pratt and Whitney are

Fig 1. Raptor
The F-22 raptor is an American fighter jet aircraft. It’s a
fifth-generation single seated twin engine tactical
fighter aircraft using for both air superiority and ground
missions. It is manufactured by Lockheed martin
aeronautics Boeing defense, space and security. It is the
result of United States air force’s advances tactical
fighter program mainly for air superiority missions and
then eventually evolved for ground attacks and
electronic warfare. It entered into the service at
December 2005. In total, 187 f-22 Raptors are produced
and delivered to the USAF in 2012. The cost of one unit
121
combine to make the F-22 Raptor. In order to avoid the
detection of the aircraft by the radars, the tail has been
designed in a tilted manner. Further examination shows
that all of the surfaces and the edges of the aircraft are
smoothly blended, allowing the electrical surface
currents to flow smoothly over the surfaces without
interruption because Any break in the surface causes
may lead the energy to reflect back to the radar
resulting in raising the aircraft’s signature.
In order to increase the stealthy nature of the aircraft,
the metallic coating which has been provided on the
aircraft surface and for the blending of canopy into the
aircraft and to avoid detection of the canopy by the
radar, A metallic coating on the F-22 raptor’s canopy
 Transactions on Innovations in Science & Technology, 2017, 2 (1), 121-124

prevents the energy from entering the cockpit, and it Fig 3. Turbofan Engine
will eliminate the F-22 cockpit as a concern. The
canopy which is smoothly blended into the aircraft’s
shape in order to minimize any reflections. The F-22
Raptor’s canopy’s transparency features one of the 6. ABOUT CHENGDU J-20
largest piece of monolithic polycarbonate material
which is being formed today. F-22 doesn’t have a Chengdu is a Chinese fighter jet aircraft. It is a stealth,
canopy bow frame and offers the pilot superior optics twin engine, and fifth generation fighter aircraft
(Zone 1 quality) throughout. The F-22’s canopy is developed by china in Chengdu Aerospace Corporation.
approximately 140 inches long, 45 inches wide, 27 The cost of one single unit is 110 million us dollar.
inches tall, and weighs approximately weighing 360
pounds.

3. F-22 RAPTOR GENERAL

CHARACTERISTICS
It is 18.92M long with a wing span of 13.56M and a
height of 5.08M. The empty weight the F-22 is of
19700kg and a loaded weight of 29410kg. The
maximum takeoff weight of this aircraft is 38000 kg.
The aircraft if powered by two Pratt and Whitney F119-
PW-100 pitch thrust vectoring turbofan engines. It can
produce 116 KN and above 156 KN without and with
afterburner respectively. The range of the F-22 raptor is
2960 KM. The wing span of this aircraft is 14m and is
Fig 4. Chengdu J-20
using a high speed trapezoidal wing with a wing area of
78.04 m². The J-20 is having a long and wide fuselage and
chiseled nose section with frameless canopy. The air
4. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF intake is situated immediately behind the cockpit. It is
F-22 RAPTOR having a delta wing with forward swept trailing edges.
These are using conventional engine exhaust structures.
The aircraft has a maximum speed of 2410 kmph and One of the most important design criterion for the
Chengdu J-20 describes its high instability. This
has a super cruise speed of 1960kmph. It has a combat
requires a sustained pitch authority at a high angle of
radius of 852 km. The ferry range (range with minimum attack, in which a conventional tail-plane might lose the
load and maximum fuel) of this aircraft is 3220 km. The effectiveness due to stalling and a canard can deflect
usual flying altitude or the service ceiling is above opposite to the angle of attack, avoiding the stall and
65000 ft. there by maintaining the control. A canard design which
also known to provide good supersonic performance,
5. WHITENEY F119-PW-100 (F-22) excellent supersonic and the transonic turn
performance, and improved short-field landing
It is a 1.8-ton twin spool axial flow turbofan jet engine performance compared to the conventional delta wing
with 516 cm length and 120 cm diameter. It is a low design.
bypass engine with a bypass ratio of 0.30:1. It has an
annular combustion chamber and it has a counter
rotating high and low pressure turbines with a thrust to
weight ratio above 9, it can produce more than 156 KN
of thrust.

Fig 5. Chengdu 3-views

122
 Transactions on Innovations in Science & Technology, 2017, 2 (1), 121-124

The cockpit of the aircraft is made out of glass and it is characteristics that they are crucial to the aircraft's turn
also equipped with liquid crystal displays (LCD). The performance.
displays are placed in such a way that they are situated
8. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF
F-22 Raptor Chengdu J-20 CHENGDU J-20

The aircraft has a maximum speed of 2100kmph and

Crew 1 1 the development for a super cruising without after
burners are still under development. The ferry range is
Length 18.92m 20m 5471kms. The service ceiling of the Chengdu j-20 is
59050 ft.
Wing 16.56m 13m
span 9. SHENYANG WS_10G

It is an approximately 1.07ton turbo fan afterburning

5.08m 4.45m engine. It has an annular combustion chamber. With a
Height thrust to weight ratio of 7.5, it can deliver a maximum
thrust 140 KN.

Wing 78.04 m² 78 m2
area

Empty 19,700 kg 19,391 kg

weight

Gross 29,410 kg 32,092 kg

weight
Fig 6. Tuboshaft Engine
side by side. In there we have a head up display (HUD)
and three auxiliary displays.
The engine is a low bypass turbofan engine with an
after burner for additional thrust generation. It can
deliver 76.18kN under normal conditions and can
7. CHENGDU J-20 GENERAL deliver 179.9kN with the after burner.
CHARACTERISTICS
A curved nozzle technology for the J20’s engine is
It is 20 m long with a wing span of 13m and a height of under development which will enable the aircraft for the
4.45m. It has an empty weight of 19,391 kg and loaded VTOL ability (Vertical Takeoff and Landing).
weight of 32,092 kg. Maximum takeoff weight is
36,288 kg. The aircraft is powered by two Shenyang Currently it is using a conventional round nozzle. The
WS-10G after burning turbofan engines. It can produce developments in the stealth technology will enable the
76.18 KN dry thrust and 122.3 or 179.9 KN with after aircraft to equip with jagged edged nozzles for better
burner. The range of the Chengdu F-20 is 5471 Kms. stealth properties.
The wing span of the Chengdu f-20 is 13m with a wing
area of 78m².Leading edge extensions and the body lift
are incorporated in order to enhance the performance in
a canard layout. This combination is said by the
designer in order to generate 1.2 times the lift of an
ordinary canard delta, and 1.8 times additional lift than
an equivalent sized pure delta configuration. The
designer claims that such a combination will allow the
use of a smaller wing structure, reducing the supersonic
drag without compromising any transonic lift-to-drag

123
 Transactions on Innovations in Science & Technology, 2017, 2 (1), 121-124

Takeoff 38,000 kg 36,288 kg

weight
8. CONCLUSION
Fuel 8,200 kg 11,340 kg
The study between the F-22 Raptor and the Chengdu J- capacity
20 is done. From the data obtained from the study of Power 2×Pratt&Whitney 2× Shenyang WS-
both of the aircraft, it is clear that each aircraft is better plant F119-PW-100 10G
in one point or another. When we consider the F-22
raptor, it has the ability for higher speeds, altitude and Maximum 2,410 km/h 2,100 km/h
higher thrust than the J-20. The J-20 has very higher speed
range and relatively lesser speed and altitude than the F- Wing 377 kg/m² 410 kg/m2
22. When we consider the maneuverability and the G- loading
force withstand ability, both of these aircrafts are
Thrust to 1.08 1.06
having the similar properties.
weight
ratio
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Service >65,000 ft 59,055 feet
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