Faculty of Chemical Engineering

Universiti Teknologi MARA

Regulations Under
OSHA 1994
Ir. Mohd Azahar Mohd Ariff
 Regulations Under OSHA 1994
i. OSH (Employers' Safety and Health General Policy Statements)
(Exception) Regulations 1995
ii. OSH (Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards) Regulations
1996- CIMAH
iii.OSH (Safety and Health Committee) Regulations 1996-SHC
iv.OSH (Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous
Chemicals) Regulations 1997- CPL
v. OSH (Safety and Health Officer) Regulations 1997-SHO
vi.OSH (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to
Health) Regulations 2000- USECHH
vii.OSH (Notification of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence,
Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease) Regulations
2004-NADOOPOD
 Control of Industrial Major
Accident Hazards Regulations
CIMAH 1996
 CIMAH Regulations 1996

These Regulations apply to all industrial activities

except :
 a nuclear installation
 an installation under the armed forces
 a vehicle or vessel transporting hazardous
substance to or from the site of an industrial activity
 an industrial activity where quantity of hazardous
substance equal or less than 10% of threshold quantity
of hazardous substance(s).
 Some Definitions within
CIMAH 1996
Major Accident - an occurrence including a major emission, fire
or explosion resulting from uncontrolled development in the
course of an industrial activity, which leads to serious danger to
persons, whether immediate or delayed, inside or outside an
installation, or to the environment, and involving one or more
hazardous substance;

Major Hazard Installation - an industrial activity which

produces, processes, handles, uses, disposes of or stores,
permanently or temporarily, one or more hazardous substances
equal of exceed the threshold quantity;
 Obligations of Manufacturer &
Employee
Every manufacturer who undertakes an industrial
activity shall :
 comply with the requirements of these Regulations;
 as soon as he becomes aware of an imminent
danger, take immediate action
 to rectify the situation; and
 establish and maintain a good management system
for controlling any major accident.
 Identification & Notification of
Industrial Activity
 Every manufacturer needs to identify an industrial activity
within his control and submit to the Director General the
Notification of Industrial Activity Form specified in the Schedule
5:
 The authority will determine whether the installation :
• is a major hazard installation even though quantity of hazardous
substance less than threshold quantity, if the authority feels that
installation may cause a major accident.
• is not a major hazard installation even though equal or exceed threshold
quantity, if the authority feels that installation is incapable of causing a
major accident.
 Any change of the status of installation shall be notified to
the authority.
 Non Major Hazard Installation

Need to do the following :

 identify possible major accident hazards
 show adequate steps taken to :
• prevent any major accident or minimize its
consequences to people and the environment;
• provide people working on site with information,
training and equipment necessary to ensure their
safety; and
• prepare and keep up to date an adequate on-site
emergency plan
The authority may request additional information or whatever
required to demonstrate that installation is safe operation.
Major Hazard Installation

 Require preparation of safety report by

Competent Person
 Competent Person - an employee or person
appointed by the manufacturer and who has
been approved by the Director General to
prepare a written report
Modification
 Any modification to the industrial activity to which the report
relates which can materially affect the particulars in the report, a
Competent Person must prepare a further written report and has
sent a copy of the report to the Director General who will review it
and direct the manufacturer to submit further information within
such time as he may specify.
 The manufacturer shall be entitled to take urgent and remedial
action with respect to an industrial activity in order to put an end
to or prevent imminent danger to life or property.
 On-site Emergency Plan
Required to submit an on-site and off-site emergency plan
 The manufacturer shall prepare and keep an up-to-date and
adequate on-site emergency plan and include the name of the
person who is responsible for safety and the names of those who
are authorized to take action in the event of an emergency.
 The manufacturer shall ensure that the on-site emergency plan
prepared is constantly updated and that every person on the site
who is affected by the plan is informed of its relevant provisions.
 The manufacturer shall prepare and submit the on-site
emergency to the Director General at least three months before the
commencement of the industrial activity or within three months
from the date of the determination for an industrial activity which
has been determined as a major hazard installation.
Updating & review of an
On-site Emergency Plan
 Where the manufacturer has prepared an on-site
emergency plan and the industrial activity concerned
is continuing, the manufacturer shall update the on-
site emergency plan as part of the report.

 The Director General may review the on-site

emergency plan submitted to him, and shall, if he is of
the opinion that the plan submitted is not
satisfactory, direct the manufacturer in writing to
improve the emergency plan within such time as he
may specify.
 Off-site Emergency Plan
 The manufacturer shall inform the local authority or port
authority of that area that his industrial activity is considered
capable of producing a major accident hazard and of the need for
the preparation of an off-site emergency plan for the area
surrounding his site.
 The manufacturer shall-
-inform the authorities within three months of the commencement, or
within three months of the date of the determination for an industrial
activity which has been determined as a major hazard installation,;
- provide the authorities with the information relating to the industrial activity
under his control; and afford to the local authority or port authority upon request
all reasonable facilities needed.
 Inform the Public
The manufacturer has to ensure that persons outside
the site who are likely to to be affected by a major
accident occurring at the site, are supplied with at
least the information specified in Schedule 3.
 The manufacturer shall endeavour to enter into an
agreement with the authorities to disseminate the
information specified in Schedule 3 to the persons
concerned but the manufacturer shall remain
responsible for the accuracy, completeness and form
of the information supplied.
 The manufacturer shall ensure that the information
supplied is updated and re-supplied at appropriate
intervals.
Notification of Major Accidents
• Where a major accident occurs on a site, the manufacturer shall
notify the nearest occupational safety and health office of the
accident quickly shall provide :
 the following information relating to the accident as soon as it
becomes available :
- the circumstances of the accident;
- the hazardous substances involved;
- the date available for assessing the effects of the accident
on persons and the environment; and
- the emergency measures taken; and
 a statement of the steps envisaged to alleviate medium or long
term effects of the accident, and prevent the recurrence of such
an accident.
Classification, Packaging and
Labeling of Hazardous
Chemicals
CPL Regulations 1997
Application
These Regulation shall apply to a supplier of hazardous
chemicals for use at work except hazardous chemicals
which are- defined as
 a radioactive material under the Atomic Energy Licensing
Act 1984;
 a pesticide under the Pesticides Act 1974
 poisons in the Poisons List Order 1993, except for
chemicals which are classified therein as industrial and
laboratory poisons
 a drug under the Sales of Drugs Act 1952
 scheduled wastes in the First Schedule of the
Environmental Quality (Schedule Wastes) Regulation
1989
 foodstuff
The regulations shall not apply
to:
the transportation of hazardous chemicals by rail,
inland waterway, sea or air; and

hazardous chemicals in transit which are stored at

a bonded warehouse
Duty of supplier to classify

i. It shall be the duty of a supplier to classify

hazardous chemicals according to the specified
nature of the risk involved based on the
categories of hazards in Schedule I.
ii. Chemicals which fall within more than one
category of hazard in Parts A and B of schedule
I shall be classified under the category which
poses the greatest degree of hazard in each
Part.
Packaging requirements

A supplier shall ensure that the hazardous

chemicals are supplied in packaging which satisfies
the following requirements:
 if the packaging is a container shall be so
designed and constructed that its
contents cannot escape unless there is a
requirement for safety devices to be
fitted into the container;
Packaging requirements
• the materials constituting the packaging and the
fastening are not susceptible to adverse attack by
the contents therein or liable to form harmful or
dangerous compounds with the contents;
• the packaging and fastening are strong and solid
throughout to ensure that they will not come loose
and will safely meet the normal stress and strain of
handling; and
• containers fitted with replaceable fastening device
are so designed that the packaging can be
repeatedly fastened without the contents escaping.
Seal the package

• A supplier shall ensure that packages

are initially closed with a seal in such
a way that once the packages are
opened, the seal are broken and
could not be repaired.
Labelling
• A supplier shall ensure that every packaging is labelled
clearly and indelibly with the following information
• the name of the hazardous chemicals inaccordance with
the internationally recognized nomenclature;
• the name, address and telephone number of the
supplier;
• the danger symbol and indication of danger as specified
in Schedule II;
• the nature of the special risk associated with the use of
the chemical as specified in Schedule III; and
• the safety precautionary measures as specified in
Schedule IV.
Duty of supplier to furnish
chemical Safety Data Sheet
• A supplier shall furnish an up-to-date chemical
Safety Data Sheet for each hazardous chemical
supplied.
• The chemical Safety Data Sheet shall contain the
following information:
 the chemical product itself including the trade or
common name of the chemical and the company
identification with the details of the supplier;
 the composition of the ingredients that clear
identifies the hazardous chemical for the purpose of
conducting a hazard evaluation
Duty of supplier to furnish
chemical Safety Data Sheet
 the hazard identification
 the first aid measures
 the fire fighting measures
 the accidental release measures
 the handling storage
 the exposure controls and personal protection
(including the possible methods of monitoring
workplace exposure)
 the physical and chemical properties
 the stability and reactivity
Duty of supplier to furnish
chemical Safety Data Sheet
 the toxicological information (including the potential
routes of entry into the body and the possibility of
synergism with other chemicals or hazards
encountered at work)
 the ecological information
 the disposal information
 the transport information
 the date of preparation of the chemical Safety Data
Sheet
Safety and Health Officer
Order 1997
 Application of the Law
• The employer of the following class or
description of industries shall employ a
safety and health officer:
 any building operation where the total contract price of the
project exceeds RM 20 million.
 any work of engineering construction where the total
contract price of the project exceeds RM 20 million.
 any ship building employing at the peak of the work more
than 100 employees.
 any gas processing activity or petrochemical industries
employing more than 100 employees.
 any chemical and allied industry employing more than 100
employees.
Application of the Law
 any boiler and pressure vessel manufacturing activity
employing more than 100 employees.
 any metal industry where there is canning or stamping or
blanking or shearing or bending operations and employing
more than 100employees.
 any wood working industry where there is cutting or
sawing or planning or moulding or sanding or peeling or
any combination of the above, and employing more than
100 employees.
 any cement manufacturing activity employing more than
100 employees
 any other manufacturing activity other than the
manufacturing activity specified, employing more than 500
employees
Example of Past Exam
Question

The implementation of OSHA 1994 is to promote an

occupational environment for persons at work which is
adapted to their physiological and psychological needs.
Describe in detail two (2) relevant regulations found in the
Act
Course Outcome -1

By now you should have the ability identify the basic

principles of process hazard analysis and safety related to
the chemical engineering / environmental issues (A4).