ha ‘ARS =ducation a Junior 2 e223, ee eRe a Sau eae et] DLR Uae So aT eee a SCE hata a atk lel ees ee Osea et lee tae et Learn mind-sharpening skills and Dr ole Ur acu ute kel tele knowledge Exe Met ean) Ce ee eee ue eee eed Reena Se Sa Cnr itd Implicit and alternative answers to further learning and understanding Ute aye \ are CL er relat de levised Col) I RSE Nl IES Geeta) App Store || B® Google PlayMaths Olympiad nleash The Maths Olympian In You! Junior 2 (ieee iC) Bele eee Clee) (e)}sp =ducation| New Edition 2018 © Singapore Asia Publishers\Pte Ltd & Terry Chew Published and Distributed bys Singapore Asia Publishers Pte Ltd 219 Henderson Road #10-04 Henderson Industrial Pask Singapore 159556, Tel : +65 6276 8280 Fax: +65 6276 8292 Email: info.sg@sapgrp.6om. Website: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-Publishers ALLRIGHTS RESERVED Allrights reserved. No partofthis publication maybe reproduced, stored ina retrieval system, oF tansmitted in any form or by any mans, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers ISBN-13978-981-3210-62 ISBN-10981-3210.6241 Primed in Singapore SAP Global Partners’ Network: Antigua & Barbuda Grenade Nepal Australia Guyana New Zealand Bahrain Hong Kone Nigeria Bangladesh India Pakistan Barbados Indonesis Papus New Guince Bhutan Jamaica Pen. Botswana Japan Philippines Brazil Kenya Poland Brunei Laos Portugal Cambodia Lebanon aia Canada Macau Rovanda Chile Malawi ‘Saint Lucia China Malaysia. Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Colombia Maldives Saudi Arabia Expt Moris Seychelles Fiji Myanmar Singapore Ghana Namibia Solomon Islands South Aiea South Korea Sr Lanka Syria Thivan Thozada Thailand Trini & Tobago United Arab Emirates Used Kingdom United Stats of America Vieram Zambia ZinitabweChapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 CONTENTS Problems with Planting Trees --- Solve by Comparison and Replacement --—- Counting-- aanan Tricks in Addition and Subtraction --- Tricks in Multiplication --- Age Problems-—- Working Backwards Chicken-and-Rabbit Problems -- Make a List -------- Excess-and-Shortage Problems --—~ Encountering-—~ Digits, Numbers and Multiples SOLUTIONS ---- ---S1 - $26Looking for a Pattern a 1 Find the missing numbers in the number patterns. (a) 1,2,4,8,16,( ),( )- (b) 21549316, © “Cs (©)2, 6212,20;30,.6 cm)». @. 14,7, 10,13,( ).€ ), (a) 2 AS IBY C16, 32 64S 62S 16,225, °36).. 16=4«4 25=5%5 9=3x3 36=6%6 (0) 2,5 6). 5.125.220, 30, .. 42, 256i (a) tb ah 2510, 13, 51 aS 2 Find the missing numbers in the number patterns. (a)..24,3, 2156.18; Ge aC). (hb) 83.1,1052, 12,.G 22) 3) (©) 28,2, 24,4,20,( ),¢ Ady 1; 8 yor 10,5712, DC) +3 +3: (a) 2493-3) 21 6, 18s ops Mats Olympia Unleash The Maths Okmpian In You! © Singapore Asia Publier Pl La & Tey Chew Chapter 1© 28, 2, Seat aes: Tee alder Non ig igo et +2 3 Find the missing numbers in the number patterns. &S Solution: (a) 5x2=10 (b) 18-3=15 10+2=12 15-3512 8x2=16 24-4=20 16+2=18 20-4=16 Ax2=40 A-5=10 A=20 A=15 40+2=B 10-5=B B=42 B=5 4 Which of the following patterns is not the same as the rest? @2 2°41 Ge 10, 16, 26,"... Oe ay 8°35; a (©) ales lO oie ted Sex; Solution: Pattern (c) is not the same as patterns (a) and (b). In patterns (a) and (b), each term is the sum of the two preceding terms. In pattern (c), each term is added by 3.1 Find the missing numbers in each number pattern. ayaa OF 10,0 Dy alo, 18,5 pent @) 6, 9, 13, 18, 24, ( OO: 1, 3.7 oF 27, -( (EI 35.6, 85 165) 18,25 ( 2 Find the missing numbers in the Pascal Triangle.3 Find the missing numbers. © (3 :Tae 7 ll | 6 14 4 Find the missing numbers by filling in the correct answers. (a) 1 2 a 6 155 Find the missing numbers by filling in the correct answers. (a) =] 2|4 3. | 2 4 Se 18 ) ne 25 R Find the missing numbers in each pattern shown below. Bedi eeticd a Siecl4rnt dent 5 3 2610;2-4,. 215, 207 Find the missing numbers in the Number Triangle. 8 Look at the Number Triangle shown below. (a) How many numbers are there in the 6" row? (b) What is the second number from the left in the 8" row?9 Find the missing number(s) in each of the following patterns. @ 1, 10 Find the missing numbers. Fae wie M1 )s%C)11 Find the missing numbers. 21 321 4321 54321 654321 12. Find the value of the missing number.13 What is the sum of the numbers in the 20" term? (1,356). C256, (95) 8 C33 9-812) VAI 215) mee (a) In which row is the number 30? (b) In which column is the number 41?* a The Story of Gauss a Carl Gauss was a German scientist and mathematician. He made many important discoveries in the field of science and mathematics. It is believed that Carl Gauss showed a talent for mathematics at the age of seven. The mathematics question below reveals Carl Gauss’s talent. Find the sum of 1 +2+3+...+98 +99 + 100. Can you work out the answer in less than five minutes? oe 1 Compute (a) 2+6+10+8+12+14, (b) 1+24+3+4+5. 20 (@@) 2+6+10+8+ 12+ 14 10 =10+20+10+12 =52 5 e+ 2-43.4+ 4+ 5 5 =54+5+5 Maths Olympiad — Unleash The Maths Olypian In You! (unior 2) 10 © Singapore Asia Publishers Pte Li & Tey Chew Chapter 2Compute (a) LESS FEIT 19: (@b) 1+2+3+4+...+19+20. Solution: (a) 1+19=3+17=5+15=20 There are 5 pairs of 20. 5x 20=100 (b) 14+20=2+19=3+ 18=44+17=21 There are 10 pairs of 21. 10 x 21=210 Compute 14+24+34+44+5+4...+47+48+49 +50. Solution: 1+50=2+49=3+48=4+47=51 50 +2 =25 pairs of 51 25 x 51 =(20 x 51) +(5* 51) = 1020 + 255 =1275 Charlotte read 10 pages of a storybook on the first day. She read 15 pages of the same storybook on the second day, 20 pages on the third day and so on. How many pages had the storybook if Charlotte finished reading it on the eighth day? Solution: e2 ——— 10+ 15+ 20+ 25 + 30+35+40+45 Es] 45 +10=40+ 15 =20+ 35 =25 + 30=55 4x 55=220 The storybook had 220 pages.5 Compute Solution: the following series. (2+4+6+...+28+30)-(1+3+5+7+...+27+ 29) Method 1: 24+44+6+...4+28430 = (7 * 32) + 16 There are 7 pairs of 32. = 224+ 16 = 240 LSE SF P2729) =(7 x 30) +15 There are 7 pairs of 30. Method 2: (2+446+...+28+30)-(1+34+5+...+27+29) =2+44+6+.,.+28+30-1-3-5—...-27-29 =(2-1)+ (4-3) + 6-5) +... (28-27) + (30-29) =1t1+1+..4141 =15x1 =151 Compute the following series. (a) 2+3+4+5+ 6+7+8 (b) 6+74+8+9+10411 (c) 4+6+8+10+12+14 @ 14+3+5+7+9+11 John saves 5 fifty-cent coins in the first week. He saves 6 fifty-cent coins in the second week. In the third week, he saves 7 fifty-cent coins and so on. How many fifty-cent coins can John save altogether by the end of 10 weeks?3 Compute the following series. (a) 100-99+98-97+96-95+...+4-3+2-1 (b) 200-199 + 198-197+...+4-3+2-1 Compute the following series. (a) 17+ 18+19+20+21+22+23 (b) 100 + 102 + 104 + 106 + 108 + 110 (©) 996 + 997 + 998 + 999 + 995 (d) 754 + 750 + 742 + 746 + 7585 There are 10 rows of seats in a school hall. The first row has 30 seats. The second row has 34 seats. The third row has 38 seats and so on. How many seats are there in the school hall? 6 How can you put 55 balls into 10 boxes so that each box contains a different number of balls? 7 Compute the following series. 1+24+34+4+..4+48+49+508 Compute the following series. 2+4+6+8+...+46+48 +50 9 Compute the following series. 1434+54+74...4454+47+49 10 There are 20 teams in the North Zonal Volleyball League. Each team must play exactly one match with another team. How many matches are to be played altogether in the league?11 What is the sum of the first 30 numbers in the series below? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ... 12 Compute the following series. 14+2-34+44+5-64+7+8-9+...+28+ 29-30 13 In the series below, 12s Sed lpes Satin 2s Osea what is the 28" number? What is the sum of the first 42 numbers?14 A 66-seater bus picks up | passenger at the 1*tbus stop, 2 passengers at the 2 one, 3 passengers at the 3“ bus stop and so on. When will all the seats in the bus be taken up? 15 Find the sum of all multiples of 4 that are smaller than or equal to 40.Using Model Problems can be solved using model when (A) the sum or the difference is known, (B) one is a multiple of another. = —_ 1 Aschool choir has 72 members altogether. The number of girls is 6 more than the number of boys. How many girls are there in the school choir? 72-6=66 2u> 66 Lu 66+2=33 33+6=39 There are 39 girls in the school choir. 2 Andrew and Kevin had $350 altogether. After Andrew had spent $60 and Kevin had spent $30, the amount of money both boys had was the same. How much money did each boy have at first? $350 — $60 — $30 = $260 $60 2u > $260 ‘Auiucea lu — $260+2=$130 ¥ $30 $350 $130 + $30 = $160 $130 + $60 = $190 Kevin Andrew had $190 and Kevin had $160 at first. ‘Maths Olympiad — Unleash The Maths Olympian In You! (Junior 2) 19 ©Singapore Asia Publishers Pte Lid & Terry Chew Chapter 3The reading corners in classes 3A and 3B have 200 books altogether. The number of books in class 3A is 4 times as many as the number of books in class 3B. How many books are there in each class? Solution: 5u — 200 lu > 200+5=40 asa a 4u — 4x 40=160 Class 3B [| ? There are 160 books in class 3A and 40 books in class 3B. Shawn has $50. Eric has $110. How much money must Shawn give to Eric so that the amount of money Eric has is 2 times more than what Shawn has? Solution: $50 + $110 = $160 $50 _——— 4u — $160 __ lu — $160+4=$40 $50 -$40=$10 Shawn has to give $10 to Eric. S110 50 birds were resting on two trees. 5 birds from the first tree flew away. Another 15 birds from elsewhere flew to the second tree. The number of birds on the second tree was 3 times as many as the number of birds on the first one. How many birds were on each tree at first? Solution: 50-5=45 ? 45+15=60 4u— 60 }oo-sers lu > 60+4=15 15+5=20 45—15=30 There were 20 birds on the first tree and 30 birds on the second tree at first.1 There are 150 apple and peach trees altogether on a farm. The number of peach trees is 30 more than the number of apple trees. How many apple trees are there? How many peach trees are there? 2 Nelson is 8 years old. His father is 36 years old. How old will Nelson and his father be when the sum of their ages is 62?3 Ronaand Karen had $380 altogether. After Rona had spent $26 and Karen had spent $35, the amount of money Rona had was $59 more than what Karen had. How much money did each girl have at first? 4 Canterbury and Russels Elementary schools had 900 students altogether. After 35 students from Canterbury had transferred to Russels, the number of students at Canterbury was 20 more than the number of students at Russels. How many students did each school have at first?5 Geoffand Gina bought 20 books altogether. If Geoff gave 6 of his books to Gina, the number of books he had would be 2 fewer than the number of books Gina had. How many books did each of them buy? 6 The sum of two numbers is 80. The difference of the two numbers is 12. Find the two numbers.7 Ifa student from Class 3A is transferred to Class 3B, then the two classes will have the same number of students. If a student from Class 3B is transferred to Class 3C, then Class 3C will have 2 more students than Class 3B. Does Class 3A or Class 3C have more students at first? By how many? 8 The sum of the ages of Lucas and his grandmother is 64. His grandmother’s age is 7 times Lucas’ age. How old is Lucas?9 A farmer has 63 chickens and ducks. The number of chickens he has is 6 times the number of ducks. How many chickens does the farmer have? 10 The sum of two numbers is 150. One number is 4 times the other number. What are the two numbers?11 The first basket contains 48 peaches. The second basket contains 50 peaches. How many peaches must you transfer from the first basket to the second one so that the number of peaches in the second basket is 6 times that of the first one? 12 Jonathan has 80 stamps. Melvin has 60 stamps. How many stamps must Melvin give to Jonathan so that the number of stamps Jonathan has is 4 times that of Melvin’s?13 Dave has $160. His sister has $340. How much money must Dave give his sister so that the amount of money his sister has is 4 times more than what he has? 14 $210 is shared among three children. The amount of money Alice receives is 2 times that of Beatrice’s. The amount of money Beatrice receives is 2 times that of Charmaine’s. How much money does each of them receive?15 120 apples are to be divided into 3 groups. The first group has 3 times more apples than the second group. The number of apples in the third group is 2 times that of the second one. Find the number of apples in each group. There are 720 apple trees, peach trees and lemon trees altogether in an orchard. The number of apple trees is 2 times the number of lemon trees. The number of peach trees is half the number of apple trees. Find the number of each type of fruit tree in the orchard.17 The sum of three numbers, A, B and C, is 840. A is 2 times of B and C is half of A. Find the value of each number.Problems with Planting Trees There are 3 scenarios for problems of this nature. (A) Ifboth ends of the road are planted with trees, interval size length of the road number of trees = number of intervals + 1 number of intervals = number of trees — 1 (B) If one end of the road is planted with a tree, interval size length of the road number of trees = number of intervals (C) If both ends of the road have no trees, interval size —_—— nen rs nO ae length of the road number of trees = number of intervals — 1 number of intervals = number of trees + 1 Maths Olympiad ~ Unleash The Maths Olympian In You! Junior 2) 30 Singapore Asia Publishers Pte Lid & Terry Chew Chapter 4Trees are to be planted along a road that is 40 m long. The distance between every two trees is 8 m. How many trees can be planted if both ends of the road are to be planted with trees? Solution: 40 m+ 8 m=5 intervals 8m number of trees = number of intervals + 1 =5+1 =6 6 trees can be planted if both ends of the road are to be planted with trees. Lamp posts are to be placed along a road. The distance between every two lamp posts is 10 m. How long is the road if a total of 16 lamp posts are to be placed along the road, including both ends? Solution: number of intervals = number of lamp posts — 1 - Since each interval is 10 m, 15 10m=150m the road is 150 m long.3 Aroad, 120 m long, is planted with 16 trees at regular intervals. How far is one tree from another if both ends of the road are also planted with trees? Solution: number of intervals = number of trees — 1 6-1 = 15 120m+15=8m One tree is 8 m away from another. Melissa’s mum embroiders 5 flowers on each side of a handkerchief. There is one flower at each corner, how many flowers are embroidered on the handkerchief altogether? Solution: 54+54+3+3=16 16 flowers are embroidered on the handkerchief altogether. A grandfather’s clock takes 12 seconds to chime 4 times at 4 o’clock. How long does it take to chime 7 times? Solution: number of intervals = 4 —1 =3 128+3=4s8 number of intervals = 7 — 1 =6 6x4s=245 It takes 24 seconds to chime 7 times.1 Joe puts 5 matchsticks on a table. Each matchstick is 10 cm away from another. How far is the fifth matchstick away from the first one? 2 Asailor ties 7 knots on a rope at regular intervals. The distance from the first knot to the seventh one is 18 m long. What is the distance between every two knots?3 Aroad, 500 m long, is to be planted with trees at an interval of 5 m. How many trees can be planted if trees are planted at both ends of the road as. well? 4 It takes John 8 minutes to saw a piece of log into 3 equal lengths. How long does it take for him to saw the same piece of log into 9 equal lengths? FE es ae MO aNeIor Tahs\0)5 David uses some coins to form a triangle. There is a coin at every corner. How many coins does he use if there are 6 coins on each side of the triangle? 6 25 trees are planted at regular intervals from the beginning of a road to the end of it. The distance between every two trees is 5 m. How long is the road?7 16 lamp posts are placed at regular intervals along a road 300 m long. If lamp posts are placed at both ends of the road as well, how far is one lamp post from another? 8 21 trees are to be planted along a road 800 m long at regular intervals. If both ends of the road are planted with trees as well, how far is one tree from another?9 Melvin stays on the 5" floor of an apartment. Nick stays on the next floor. The staircases leading to Melvin’s house have 80 steps. How many steps have the staircases leading to Nick’s house? 10 My grandfather’s clock takes 6 seconds to chime 3 times at 3 o’clock. How long does it take to chime 6 times at 6 o’clock?11 Ittakes Uncle Sam 50 seconds to cycle from the first lamp post to the eleventh lamp post. How many lamp posts will he cycle past after 80 seconds? 12 Each side of a football field is planted with 16 flags. There is one flag at each comer. How many flags are planted altogether in the football field?13 Pots of flowers are used to decorate the edges of a square garden. The distance between every two pots of flowers is 3 m. The side of the square garden is 24 m. How many pots of flowers are needed? 14 Stella tied 6 knots on a piece of ribbon. The length between the second and fifth knots was 60 cm. What was the length between the first and sixth knots?15 A Greyhound coach leaves the station every 10 minutes. How many coaches will leave the station in 60 minutes? 16 It takes Professor Sullivan 11 minutes to stroll past the twelfth lamp post along a quiet road. How many lamp posts will he stroll past after 30 minutes?Solve by Comparison and Replacement a Be eS Se How many Os are equivalent to 1 11? 2As +6 Os 1A>30s 3 As +3 Os 1a>10 101=30s 2 pa, Qo tt ore OFO DHHS eee eee 8% — 32 = 32+8=4 O73x4=12 “Maths Olympiad — Unleash The Maths Olympian In You! (un 41 ©Singapore Asia Publishers Pte Lid & Terry Chew Chapter 530 M+®+M+M=Aat+a A=OF7.0 10-7? Solution: 4>O+0O A+A>O+0+0+0 @+@+@+H8—-0+0+0+0 1mM-10 O+A=25 O+rO0=28 O+A=33 O=? Solution: Method 1: O+0+0+0+A+A=25 +28 +33 =86 O1+O+A=86+2=43 O=43-25=18 A= 43-28 =15 =43-33=10 Method 2: 23-253, CO is 3 more than A. O+A=3+AtA=33 A+A=33-3=30 O+15=33 A=15 O=18 HE 1S'= 25: =102 identical basketballs and 3 similar volleyballs cost $195. 4 such basketballs and 5 such volleyballs cost $355. What is the cost of each volleyball? Solution: 2 basketballs + 3 volleyballs + $195 4 basketballs + 6 volleyballs + $390 4 basketballs + 5 volleyballs — $355 1 volleyball — $390 - $355 = $35 The cost of each volleyball is $35.6g Find the mass of the mango.BB np 50g What is the mass of the watermelon?M=0+0+0+0+0+t0 x O=54 O=7 m=?7 &xOQ=45 #=0+0+0+0+0 %=2) O-?10 3 similar apples and 5 similar oranges have a mass of 270 g. 3 such apples and 7 such oranges have a mass of 342 g. What is the mass of one orange? Fae Mae BOs ‘cloy-(ol10)n O+0+0+0+0=23 +O=9 O=? O=? 122 0+0+0+O0=18 0O+0+0+0=19 O-2 O-? 13 %+O=46 + M=52 O+m=54 m=?14 O+A=65 Ay Gl 75, =70 15 2 identical tables and 5 similar chairs cost $550. The cost of one such table is the same as the cost of 3 such chairs. What is the cost of each table?Counting Counting may seem easy but counting must first be done systematically and then recorded in detail. This way, we will not miss or repeat any count. x _ 1 How many lines of different lengths are there? H—_-+—__+—_+—4 AB c D&E AB AC AD AE BC BD BE CDi. CE DE 44+34+2+1=10 There are 10 lines of different lengths. 2 How many squares are there altogether in each figure? (a) ) (a) Squares formed by (b) Squares formed by 10=4 10=9 40s=1 40s=4 90s=1 4+1=5 9+4+1=14 There are 5 squares altogether. There are 14 squares altogether. “Maths Olympiad - Unleash The Maths Olympian In You! unioe2) 31 Singapore Asia Publishers Pe Lid. & Tenry Chew Chapter 63 How many triangles are there altogether in each figure? (a) (b) Solution: (a) Triangles formed by (b) Triangles formed by 1A=4 TA=9 2As=3 4As=3 3 As=2 9As=1 4As=1 44+34+2+1=10 9+3+1=13 There are 10 triangles altogether. There are 13 triangles altogether. How many rectangles are there altogether in the figure? Solution: Rectangles formed by 140 =9 2C Is = 12 3 s=6 41s =4 6(1s=4 9CJs=1 9412+64+44+441=36 There are 36 rectangles altogether.1 How many squares are there altogether? a 2 How many lines of different lengths are there altogether?3 How many triangles are there altogether in each figure? @) (b) 4 How many triangles are there altogether?5 How many lines of different lengths are there altogether? (A A 4. Bit ic D E F 6 How many squares are there altogether in the figure below?7 How many squares are there altogether in the figure below? 8 How many rectangles are there altogether in the figure?9 How many triangles are there altogether in each figure? @ () 10 How many rectangles are there altogether in the figure’?Tricks in Addition and Subtraction To make our addition and subtraction simple, we can do one of these. (A) We make tens or hundreds out of two numbers. (B) We break up a number to make tens or hundreds. (©) I. Add up two subtrahends by using brackets. a-b-c=a-(btc) II. Remove the brackets. a-(bt+c)=a~b-c a—(b—c)=a—bte “Maths Olympiad ~ Unleash The Maths Olympian In You! (Junior 2) 58 Singapore Asia Publishers Pt Ld & Tesry Chew Chapter 73 Compute the following. (a) 35+ 64+ 65 (b) 99+ 101 +18 (©) 22+58+78 (@) 128+72+14 Solution: 100 Pea (a) 35+64+65 = 100+ 64 = 164 200 so 99 + 101 + 18= 200 + 18 =218 100 ee (©) 22+58+78 =100+58 = 158 200 (@) 128+72+14=200+ 14 =214 Compute the following. (a) 64+27+29 (b) 38+23+29 (©) 36+46+58 (d) 57+ 68+35 Solution: (a) 644+27+29=604+3+1+27+29 =60+30+30 = 120 (b) 38+ 23+29=38+20+2+1+29 0 + 20 + 30 =90 (©) 36+46+58=36+40+4+2+58 =40+ 40+ 60 =140 @ 57+ 68+ 35=57+68+30+3+2 =60+70+30 = 1605 Compute the following. (a) 166 +575 (b) 788 + 546 (c) 999 + 802 (d) 1234 +768 Solution: (a) 166 + 575 = 166 + 34 + 575 —34 = 200+ 541 = 741 (b) 788 + 546 = 788 + 12 + 546 ~ 12 = 800+ 534 = 1334 (©) 999 +802=999 + 1 + 802-1 = 1000+ 801 = 1801 (d) 1234 + 768 = 1234 + 766 +2 = 2000 +2 = 2002 Compute the following. (a) 900-384-116 (©) 657—(157 + 180) (b) 850— 154-346 (a) 753 — (295 + 253) Solution: Number that is being subtracted from another number is called subtrahend. When there are more than one subtrahend, we can put brackets to add them up first. (a) 900 —384 — 116 = 900 — (384 + 116) = 900 — 500 = 400 (b) 850 — 154 — 346 = 850 ~ (154 + 346) = 850 ~ 500 = 350 When the brackets are removed, “+” in the brackets becomes “~”. (c) 657 —(157 + 180) = 657 — 157 — 180 = 500-180 = 320 (a) 753 —(295 + 253) = 753 ~ 253 - 295 = 500 ~ 295 = 205i: Compute the following. (a) 22+78 (©) 17+83 (©) 64+36 (g) 56+24 Compute the following. (a) 24+55+76 56 + 66 + 44 (©) 86+34+14 78+ 52+223 Compute the following. (a) 24+37+23 +16 (b) 55+33+45+27 (©) 484+ 64+22+26 (d) 84+37+26+33 4 Compute the following. (a) 244+47+39 (b) 33+ 48 +59 (©) 55+38+27 (@) 88+28+345 Compute the following. (a) 284+ 118 (b) 514+ 186 (c) 333 + 168 (d) 257 + 243 6 Compute the following. (a) 383+ 1005 (b) 294 +68 (©) 565+ 1038 (d) 673 + 10387 Compute the following. (a) 28+57+23+22 (b) 34+55+46+35 (©) 63+28+27+52 (d) 72+ 66+ 18+74 8 Compute the following. (a) 175 +246 +225 +254 (b) 196 + 154+ 104+ 146 (c) 123+ 182+1774+ 118 (d) 248 + 275 + 752 + 5259 Compute the following. (See Example 6.) (a) 438-132-206 (b) 650-238 — 162 (c) 738 —(238 + 162) (d) 573 —(188 + 273) 10 Compute the following. (See Example 6.) (a) 567-134-133 (b) 388 - 144~ 44 (c) 673 — (273 + 182) (d) 937—(337 + 260)= + | &)) Tricks in Multiplication Nis Important notes on multiplication: (a) 2x5=10 4x 25=100 8 x 125 = 1000 4x 125=500 (b) ax(b+c)=axbtaxc (©) axb=bxa Lad 1 Compute the following. (a) 25*16x4 (b) 12% 4x25 (©) 24*25 (d) 28% 25 100 100 (a) 25 16x4 (b) 12x 4x25 = 100 x 16 = 12x 100 = 1600 = 1200 (©) 2425 (a) 28 x 25 100 =6x4x 25 =6x 100 = 600 Maths Olsmpiad ~ Unleash The Maths Olympian In You! Uiior 2) © Singapore Asia Publishers Pe Lud & Terry Chew Chapter 8