Sou Tons Mech 204 Thermodynamics Midterm I April 13, 2009 Name: Signature: (All books and notes are closed except for the information sheet (two sides of an A4 paper)) Problem Points Score 1 3 2 6 3 3 4 5 5 : 8 | 6 20 ? 20 8 20 ’ es Total 100 pts Good luck!1. (3 pts) When a cup of hot tea is put on a table in a room that is cooler than the tea, tea loses heat to air in the room until a complete thermal equilibrium is reached. For this process, answer the following questions a. Is this violation of the first law of thermodynamics? Explain. b._ Is this violation of the second law of thermodynamics? Explain. 9) No, if 2 not 0 visitor oP 1% Lr vine He ereyy fot by few 8 equil b Me mex gamed 'y 1% aN. Bln of nd By 2 src wy No, Ph ner ew heat hos occurs fom hyh bap bby be Be bem be eb heh ts abet with He Chom Stohered of Me wd by 2. (6 pts) 5 MW of heat is supplied to an adiabatic gas turbine at 1500°C and 6 MPa. If the turbine rejects 1.7 MW of heat to the atmosphere at 27°C, compute a. the net power output b. the thermal efficiency of the turbine c. the thermal efficiency of a Camnot engine working between reservoirs at the same temperatures. Ty = 1509 2) Ves = Win Yee 5 SMwe tH Mw Qin o) t araeee Ni cage = 4 7" 1 ages = 83.3%3. @ pts) A refrigerator removes heat from a cooled space at a rate of 250 kJ/min to ‘maintain its temperature at -12°C. Ifthe air surrounding the refrigerator is at 20°C, determine the minimum theoretical power required for this refrigerator? > €or |p = fe os Mea Wam - & ol “ fee Cre-nt Tot ‘ Te _ bt A FISE 1 Bow ® ~ pot 4 D423 Pane SE 2 BIBL 2) Ware F blag ane 4. (pts) a. (3pt) Explain why the specific heats of Nz depend on temperature while the specific heats of Ne are independent of temperature? b. (2pt) Do the specific heats of Nz increase or decrease with temperature? Explain why? pled fo Ne gees Jo neremse the fms botrnol molecte, while put of eetyy mepted & Na vibohene! 2) Energy Sp, ere fF Ne Irereeye robbrnal vd Cot hyh Jenyorohend Be mesure of tonsbbenal pb rable L spocihe he@pT), tempootre F are eogie- Swe Hepoohe fy enoyy of relectes and nkensl eeng (ond ectholy yo Yl puch mbes Ne tacraases Sinewly vith Inereaty eenol ee-99, caylee o Specrba bent r A b) St merecses Shea robeheas ard wheknnof poles ve excited ot hiyh fenpoobes. Mt Bos duper, envy) iia be NABER bh ncrense terthenrt merry bela snare 2s = : + ret etter rotelrnal and vibe eeny 978 Pncerewe enenies. her rw us oe T5. (8 pts) Complete the following table for water (use linear interpolation if needed): : T (°C) | p (kPa) | u(ki/kg) | x Phase | description © | 9) 500 | 1450 422] Sat. mtatere © | 200 |tss4@ | 850.45 O| Saturated liquid @ 180 | 3000 [#6205 | — | Cnprasred freed @ |us6- | go00 | 3040 | — | Syparhoded. @ 10. 4.228 | 2355.2 4_| Saturated vapor Peseotes Sher a9 Up= 639. Uys WELZ supe uh Gyo Sh win wcug Meo ISK, SOB & ony x Gyap 2562-639 (9tt-5? . Tetgo? =) Pte sor = 1002 kM Lje20 =) cnprased tail s. = F 61.05 uf Uporso’ Prtocolkle = Wlar > eR 1082.3 Uyr26 02.3 23242 = sycledd. Gu 4 ai 2902.2 a s ee T ous 2 Soar Wu 229d5-Td0t- . Seo 3098.5 be we ) Si Ta Uhh ee Tew Geee ee6. (20 pts) Superheated steam at 100 kPa and 150°C is cooled by mixing it with liquid water at 100 kPa and 20°C . Liquid enters the mixing chamber at a rate of 3 kg/s, and the chamber is estimated to lose heat to the surroundings at a rate of 800 kJ/min. If the mixture leaves the mixing chamber at 100 kPa and of the superheated steam. °C, determine the mass flow rate 50°C 800 kJ/min MIXING | CHAMBER Stele 1: bur: te at “aged hyo heart + Verse ( P- Prats 0% ) Py = Asolele h, 2 53.06 +t once? a Coke - 232k) 2 rb 6 ~ ae (2 hy = 2214-9 bs “we 2496.2 4= -s00( #3.) (<2) 4 (ta ) (HH 26S no (27069 8) Gos o = -43.93 ks "es o eH dro-ud kw + 256696 2) mye O1SHF bls. -3 bo 4h, )(202.00 2) 4 SUA ES 4 thy ( UPPEA- wun) ie — 676.26 ~ a7. (20 pts) A mass of 10 kg of saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water is contained in a piston cylinder device at 200 kPa. Initially, 3 kg of the water is in the liquid phase and the rest is in the vapor phase. Heat is now transferred to the water, and the piston, which is resting on a set of stops, starts moving when the pressure inside reaches 400 kPa. Heat transfer continues until the total volume increases by 50%. Determine ‘a. The initial and final temperatures, b. ‘The mass of liquid water when the piston first starts moving, c. The work done during this process, 4. Show the process on a P-v diagram. d a) PR, 200k?a wah miiture 50 = ) 3 . rat @ 20PA = 129-2 © Joi iarttaR volume t Nyse Vat M5 NS 5 1 = (8 4)( 1.06 x10") « 5) (0:385F =) = Bere Vas ASM 23008 9.10m? 9, 53° miles Ws, ee = ielg Pa. aoouPa Ge 5349 My vavgelottor Vy 2 0. atl 4624 wih be G20e ace wl vg @ 4 tia aoe OS 2 b108 10s 3 Swe awd eS ste & AVY =0 2 wwe owe \ os Va) = dootee(9:5-62) , was = 400era (Ye -Y2 = 114078. (20 pts) Air is compressed by an adiabatic compressor from 100 kPa and 20°C to 18 bars and 500°C. Air enters the compressor through a 0.2-m’ opening with a velocity of 30 nvs. It exits through a 0.1-m? opening. Calculate a. the mass rate of the air b. the required power input. ° Pie Ab bes = ter eho VertortePs Tr 507% Tee Dye atm? pyeor Ve Bombs Ve! 4o2 bie om) 5 Bad bois Gy , Gan (om) 2 megNR = O.ByOD lly aa 248) ” ve Ee a 20.23 oll " & 1g02 th Vv, ADr G3 os) Co.1236 lb) ef wails: “o ore J byvored ae 1 sboty_ aiseb® , a: rau wot Fale WY i) =F rielhe +3 € . : _iWv hye 292-45! ad at 4M cine ) hae 72.2% kot, ays 403 be [es ely + ele = 290.98 ESIG - Le 2] S356 Mw,9. (1S pts) A 2-m° tank initially evacuated. The tank P.=1MPa is connected to a supply line through a valve. Air — > t27c —- is flowing in the supply line at 1 MPa and 27°C. The valve is opened, and air is allowed to enter the tank until the pressure in the tank reaches the line pressure, at which point the valve is closed. A thermometer placed in the tank indicates that air V=2m? temperature at the final state is 97°C. Determine Initially a. The mass of air that has entered the tank evacuated b. The amount of heat transfer. a) my Rp = PV am mgs BL = re) (RB) K ayy, 45 RT (outst ) Gre ¥) 3K ») Eruryyy balance! Sine mihi = Mee a . ke Up = Hasek = 264.64 UT Jug hi = he sox = 300.19 KT /eg Mo = Mp aM 3 Guz m (264.64 - 300 19) = @.¥q &) Gag _ 30015 KE 9 - 669.9 kT u Z Sar = 6698 LY