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    thermodynamics

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    16 views10 pages

    Mech 204 Mid I2012 Solutions

    Uploaded by

    ale.123
    thermodynamics

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 10
    Mech 204 Thermodynamics Midterm Exam — March 23, 2012 Name: Signature: (All books and notes are closed except for the information sheet (one side of an A4 paper)) Problem Points Score 1 20 | 2 30 | 3 20 | 4 30 5 (bonus) 5 | Total 100 +5 pts | Good luck! 1. @0 pts) Answer the following questions. There might be more than one correct answer and you should check out all of them. Note that no partial credit will be given for these questions. @ % The deviation ofa gas from the ideal-gas behavior is greatest when i, both pressure and temperature are very high ii, pressure is very low and temperature is very high iii, both pressure and temperature are very low iv. itis close to triple point V. itis away from the triple point @ itis close to the critical point vii. itis away from the critical point © >. What is the specific heats of a pure substance i, Amount of heat transfer from a unit area per unit time for 1°C temperature difference between the surface and surroundings. Heat that must be added to a unit mass of a substance to raise its temperature by one degree. iii, Change of enthalpy per unit increase in temperature. . Internal energy per unit mass plus pressure times specific volume. v. Change of temperature per unit energy added to a unit mass of pure substance. @ © A/Sékg ofa pure substance is t pressure p for which the specific saturation enthalpy values are he= 100 kI/kg and h,= 1100 ki/kg. At this pressure, the substance has a total enthalpy of H'= 5000 kJ. Which of the following option(s) is (are) correct? © The substance is saturated mixture of liquid and vapor ii, The substance is compressed liquid = 5282. 1900 3 Jey S stance is superheated. a npchthy 4 sot. mixture iv. hg = 10000. @ The quality is x=0.9. xe ev gee o3 © 4 A throttling valve is a steady state device used to © decrease the pressure and approximately keep the enthalpy constant ii, increase the temperature and approximately keep the pressure constant iii, increase the temperature and approximately keep the intemal energy constant iv. decrease the enthalpy and approximately Keep the density constant y. increase both the pressure and temperature (®_& Asystem consisting of kg mass ofa pare substance is heated by adding 10 id of heat to the system at constant volume. The system’s specific internal energy increases by 1 kJ/kg. How much work does the system perform during this ‘process? e i 3 GE)s. = E&, Lor r O-w 420KI > AU toe of = Qy- Whur . +1010 oat ® asks Geigy (realy) = oes) — Wont % 20 yy 2 HES vie -10KI @® &£ Areal gas with R = 0.250 ki/kg °C has a temperature of T= 130°C, pressure of 200 kPa, and mass of 10 kg occupies 5 m°. Which of the following statements are correct? 2 pt, Cao) los mlb) ‘ “ o ee ie The gas is exactly an ideal gas OT "(0.25 BE )Canaett) Compressibility factor, Z= 0.5. BH) toehaves as an ideal gas to within a few percent, 2 = 2-385 iv. This must be a liquid 2 WP sosa we % By ¥. Ideal gas assumption gives more than 40% error. @_ & Alam’ rigid tank contains 10 kg of water at 160°C. What is the pressure in the tenk? 2 ye Yr ore Tathet 4 Ue 20,00 1t0r g Ue sacs 2 = RLRLY =) Sale mabe So Pz Pato yxy = 6418.23 Po G@) 2. 4300-m rigid tank is filled with saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water at 200 kPa. 1f25% of the mass is liquid and the rest is vapor, compute the total mass in the tank in kg. Porctle ap wpe 0.02106 J vase xtoyal Uys o8ESIE 4 = 0.004064 + (03 (BHSTR-20H06] 2 0.BBED wiley a Vo, doom dg me > Bian = mt, = Used @ i. Explain why the first law of thermodynamics is not sufficient to indentify ‘whether a process can actually occur. Give an example of process that does not violate the first law but does not actually occur since it violates the second law. Tle 1% ba of erwednemic giaws vo resrtliin on He drechen of 2 proces) ca: Not Coffee gelthy ever bette Mm coke room 8s 2 rents of bret tronrpr Bom He room (or) to He oftec. Zt wiolaln & 1nd fw bet not He 1%. ur 2. (BO pts) A mass of 5 kg of saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water is contained in a piston-cylinder device at 150 kPa. Initially 3 kg of water is in vapor phase and the rest is in liquid phase. Heat is now transferred to the water, and piston, which is resting on a set of stops, starts moving when the pressure inside reaches 300 kPa. Heat transfer continues until the total volume increases by 75%. Determine a. the initial and finel temperatures . the mass of liquid water when the piston starts moving b c. the work done during this process 4. show the entire process on a p-v diagram with respect to saturation curves. js 9) Since it is saturated mixture T= Bee £ = 1.35% Gs 4-5) ‘nitiat = 45040 1s0%hs and 3 : ey P= 150k > p+0.001053 a and yy 3 11898 ie (Table 9-5) so We myer mys = (2 yNocososs 2)+ (3g) (48% 2°) = 3.48 a 2% = (195)y = £05 m? Vy J hs 2 LOm 3 Bom oe 1.218 mi/ng Jeon Tae 9-5; @s300ke 9 yx 950582 4% 2 50, sh is superheated! Foon Table A-b; Ge Son 2300 te ee he Soot 2.99632 mYty % 1.243 ” boo’ 13489” By near interpobstion % con be onlevlededl 03 if >) When piston starts moving b= B00 xm and Yee Reem se 3 ape SAB - 965g mt m Shy xg 2 2 = 0.60582 _m> whe 0.636 . > herwesh = we isno Uquid So it is swpenteated when piston starts moving. Therefore, the tele. when piston starts moving. Oo 2 om 3 7 v2 Save Sor + {tar = 8(4-%)= (30048) (608n7- 3.42mi) i 1 F = 983 kT wh 20 3. (pts) Consider a well-insulated horizontal rigid tank that is divided into two compartments by a piston that is ‘ free to move but does not allow either gas to leak into the other side. Initially, one side of the piston contains 1 mm’ of O; gas at 1 MPa and 180°C while the other side contains 1 m’ of Ne gas at 1 MPa and 20°C. Now ‘thermal equilibrium is established in the cylinder as a result of heat transfer through the piston. a. Using constant specific heats at room temperature, determine the final equilibrium temperature in the cylinder. b. What would your answer be if the piston were not free to move? a) ) We Sinst read the gas constants ond the censtent volume specific heets fron Table B-2. A, = 0.2598 3& 2 as. a ig-K ©), = 0.658 Vg ae Bye= OMI ios (Cy)ye= 06893 = So the moss 0} each ges ts m2 &M% a | (evn kh) (43) ie AT, | (eas), eae 0, pn) 73+480) I @ A met rc = [ee ent 8.286 bi AT, Ft | 8 ic hy (ont19 EE )(eosezeyx, a Well -ingulerted & ©), = & : Yoon > ( BF ten? @ rh, =u), loft lure 0 = (ou) 0 ] Zatiog entire contents of tank 0S our system, the Tt tow #5 (ou), = (ou), + (ayy, 2° 5 [mesta-n]+[meyt-a) 20 ane (%) = (B)2 & 2 [meg Cony s [mevty-1)] 20 (8.432 (essen s) (apnsalne (3286) (068 55) (17-289) = w [ress ] 4) The answer would be the same Since 14 wasld affect. only pessore but L No the specific heats. 4. @O>pts) A steam of refrigerant R-134a at 1 MPa and 20°C is mixed with another stream at | MPa and 80°C in an open mixing chamber as shown. If the mass flow rate of the cold stream is twice that of the hot stream, determine the temperature and the quality of the exit stream. Ri34a Py=1MPa T=20°C P,-1MPa T.=80° 6) Mass conservation: Oo Qa cv " Energ Conservation = No shoPt wor ea, Zhtres bey ) Son igo 2 0 = hr mhy~ myh, 2 shy = ih, rhb, 9 Safa hys 2fuyt Pha & Seon Tale 8-44 P= IMPq itis i y a = 29.32 ¥Y Te 2 ee NE : : ut fe mes . Frm Table O44 f= imPq : Povpsot = 2.6353 mh ,& ts aon ] Paipsct supe heated then Son Roe A413 tvtnte} 3 hye 3125 HE ep The BOE 3 Fem Table. A-12 ; 2230.99 £2 geimh 9 hg= 1932 on y= 29° 39 S hp Shy Shy 2% satupeted misture, % Since Be Leeann * 39.396 ond. 2 Pech | 15965 0752 omen oe a9 = ee i % hg-hp 290.99-107.82 5. (Bonus 5 pts) Refrigerant R-134a enters the expansion valve of @ reftigeration system at 1200 kPa as a saturated liquid and leaves at 400 kPa, Determine the change in temperature across the valve.

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